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SOUTHERN CONFEDERACY. JPontberi jC t. r«sf^.vrAT»m^ M-iDituit,, ’ ? **”’ Zrvi ini To no hoiaT^ TUESDAY, MARCH 11, 1861. mMmtssioncr from Georgia, before iki Getertl I briefly pree.nl th* gr.1.4 a ml r.u»oa that judgmaot Tbc Doctor! Dloagreo. Tho debate, laat Thursday, io tbe Hulled SUM Baaed* au the rrMiitebU Inaugural, waa ^ bar Co«»»ol.ioo. one of .Diking import, from tbe high charec- toroT tl*(»ntlegien p.ttiripiti.g ia tbe de bate, aa W^l IV die *(<M direr genre of opin-, ion between them. Mr. WjgTaT Salffthlt Mr. Douglas hat! glvn the day previously, hk opinion of tUo low go rat, and now he thought it important that Oth ers differing from him should be beard. Mr. Wigfal said seven States were out of the Un* ion, und the fact oould no longer be smothered up under generalities; and that their Embas sadors were now demanding a bearing from the Government at Washington. He said it was easy talk, that, about enforcing the laws and holding forts and Government property, but bajoneta, and net talk, would settle that question. Fort Sumter oould not long be held by the United States—tl»e Union no longer ex isted under the Constitution, and the issue must be met. If the troops wore not removed from Sumter by Lincoln, they would be re moved for him. The seceded States, said Mr. Wigfal, will nsver return to your Union—they will never live under this Administration; then withdraw your troops—make no attempt to collect your revenue there, and then enter in to a treaty with the Southern Confederacy, and you may have peace. Mr. Douglas replied, that he had not chang ed the opinion expressed the day before, that the Inaugural meant peace. He had carefully analysed that epeeoh, and had arrived at the conclusion that Mr. Lincoln meant peace and to avoid war. Mr. Douglas aaid, this far he would go with the President, but if he meant wan, he was agaioat him. lie feared that Forts Pickens and Sumter could not remain long in the hands of the Government. Fort Sumter might once have been reinforced, but now it would take 10,000 men te do it. There were but few men in the Forts, they would soon be ex':a isted at the gunv, and4hey had not bread and salt for thirty days' rationV. ‘If4be Pres ident did not mean peace, it was time for Con gress to be in session, and 200,000 rAtn in the field. Mr. Wigfal remiuded Mr. Douglas 4hat last Fall he waa for hanging * gooi many people in the South, to which Mr. Douglas replied by a denial of the statement, and a declaration tbai, with him, “by-gones were to be by gones.” Mr. Mason said, that for two whole days the debate had been raging on tbe Preaideut’s In- augurul, and no Black Republican in the Sen ate bad broken silence. Mr. Mason was sur prised to hear the Senator from Illinois say that he regarded tbe Iuaugura! as a declara- tion of peace. From every quarter, said Mr. Mason, I have heard interpretations of this In augural, and the Senator from Illinois was the only source from which he had heard that the Inaugural meant peace. It is well known, •aid Mr. Mason, that the Union is broken, and that seven States, having left the Union, have established a Government, adopted a Hag and a revenue system. That Government is com- and the Right of Secession And when Virginia ratified the Federal Con stitution, she declared, "that Iht power*granted under the Constitution, being derived from the peapli e/ the United Stott*, uky iir nnssnvKD by TBC1I WHENSOEVER TF1K KINK 811Al I. MB PKHVfcKT- nn to tqbir ixjcry or orPitRSHio*, and that cv try power not granted thereby remains with their will !** And agaiu, Virginia declared, ia her Dim. Riorts, unanimously adopted, January 12th, 1776, “ that when any Government shall be found inadequate or contrary to those purposes, ( affording protection to persons and property,) the majority of the community hath an inaliena- able, indomitable and indefeasible right to reform, alter, or abolish it, in such manner as shall be judged most conducive to the public weal." In the foregoing extracts the right of Secession is clearly defined and distinctly avowed by Vir ginia, in Convention assembled. The Cotton States, therefore, having beeu taught the doc trine of Secession by Virginia, have shown tbsir faith by their works, and yet the ancient Commonwealth remains a laggard bohfnd !— Virginia cannot say that she has not sufficient cause to sever the ties which bind her to the Union. The causes are multifarious, ample— yea, overwhelming. Being more largely in terested in Slavery than any State belonging either to tho Northern or Southern Confedera cy, it is inexplicable with her proverbial ten acity for States Rights and the avowed right of Secession, independent of sympathy or inter est, that procrastination should mark her de liberations at this momentous era. The sons of the Old Dominion are scattered throughout the Cotton and B >rder States, and those of the States especially watch, with fear ful auxiety^the course of their much cherish ed mother! The eyes of her far-off sons in the sunny South are turn^d to her, and their hearts throb in unison with those left behind in their manly efforts to save her from igno miny and disgrace ! They are reedy, if needs be, to fly to her rescue, and drive back the black hordes of agrarians who seek to pollute the land of their birth and the graves of their sires! The Cotton States have now formed a South ern Confederacy, not from caprice, or to satis fy the ambitious, but frutn necessity and self- preservation. and from the desire to live peace fully, quietly and prosperously. The agrari an majorities of the Federal Union furnished no security to Southern interest, hence the set of Secession. And now that the Cotton States have dissolved all connection with the Feder al Union, they neither expect or des : re a re construction of the Union with Puritans or Broadheads. Consequently, it is worse than folly for Virginia to tarnish her garlanded brow with delay and submission. There is no and demonism, will never bo tolerated by the Cotton States. To submit to the rule of the Black Republicans' ouraug-oufang President is more than good breeding and decency can bear. And if Virginia submits to such humil iation her sons of the Cotton 8‘ates will ask the privilege of removing from her once honored bosom the ashes of Washington, Jefferson, Madison, Monroe, Randolph, Henry, Leigh, Ritchie, and John Taylor of Caroline. If Virginia will oily promptly pnes the Or dinance of Secession, the grand drama of a Southern Confederacy will have ended, at- plete in all its part*, and embraces 5,000,000 of | hope of reconstruction. A Union longer with people, yet tho President says the Union is on- | agrarians, fanatics, incendiaries, amalgama- broken. He repeated, that if there was any other | tioniats, free-loveri <m. Millcrism, Fourieisui, man who had found in the Inaugural what the Senator from Illinois bad found, namely: a peaceful policy, he (Mr. Mason) had yet toseo him. If this peaceful poliey had been found, It would have been proclaimed in the tongue of tbe trumpot of the country. Mr. Mason then proceeded to examine the Inaugural, com ing to tbe conclusion that it is a proclamation of war. The President had left out of that pa per the time when force is to be employed. He bad omitted the fact that the Union is broken. He should have admitted it. He sbonld have recognised the separate existence of the se ceded States, and withdrawn the troops from fhsir Forts. As to Virginia, he could say that If any attempt should be made to uso the pub lic force, under the policy of executing tbe laws, or of taking possession of ths Forts and Arsenals under any other policy, and if the President should order a hostile Army to march for such a purpose, Virginia would, by the unanimous consent of her people, become a pvrty to the war, the moment the first gun is fired. In further discussion of the subject, Mr. Mason argued that Mr. Lincoln regarded the Chicago Platform as the law. And thus we see that the extremist disagree ment of opinion exists between those whom we would suppose had the very best means of judging correctly, on a question ol life and death to 30,000,000 of people. All Ibis time the ouly party who really possesses the grand •ocr« t keeps a stubborn slence, as if he enjoyed with fiendish relish tbe ruin and dismay of his country. If the Abolitionists, controlling tho Government of the United Slates, really intend, as Mr. Douglas suppeses, a peaceful policy, their contemptuous trifling with the popular anxiety and interests is unspeakably wicked. We are charitable enough to think that this ia not tho esse. The troth is, we think that those wretched demagogues have hatched a terrible spawn of vexations and miseries, from their iusano teachings and principles, a little sooner than they looked for it, and now they stand in a mass, waiting to see what will happen next Seward may be astute and far- Msing enough to have a matured policy, up to wbioh he means to work. We do not think be has, and are sure that if he really knows whet he is a boat, he is the only one of his elan who does. Chile is limply a Dantou-ceque ;ort of a butcher, while the rest of the peck howl the storm at the North broke forth with ten fold fury. The pulpit thundered its anathemas —the press teemed with denunciations—the lecture snd school room swelled the chorus of bitter invective and hate—the vengeanes of God was Invoked by those who should have been tbe ministera of peace upon the heeds of our Congressmen—while Senators and Repre sentatives had their way from Washington to their home's illuminated by tbe flames of their burning effigies—tbe votaries of every explo ded political theory and every dangerous ex periment in government or society, however widely they differed as to their own conflicting tenets, struck hands here and entered upon a crusade against our rights. Under tbe sanction ni Northern legislatures Northern capital was 111 VlrgfoUfo. Go with the ftou tea or fttey With the Northern t»ta< UnV» l«8l#olv«d. 8*»e«*l.n It notfonger <m Prior to tho RtTolMioD, lb. Coloniee mro HtSbi *I«Jt«tfIe>*, * An—lpun thaorj, h*t n living rp. 1 ■* separate and Independent communities, bound rtbe'faitblesa/ •lity—a thing of the past-si pact of history-. | Messrs. Speakers and Gentleman qf the General - — - * * a mighty foet ' ftey, Ihee, ahonld the ancient j Assembly.' and renowned Commonwealth hesitate, dally [ooxoi*® n ee.j and prooraatinate ? Has the sceptre of States i The legislation of 1814 repudiated the Mis* Rights departed from the land of Jefferson souri restriction as incompatible with the ter- aud Taylor of Caroline? And has hoary head- ! ritorial legislation of 1850, and as being in con- «d Feder.li.ro clutched it »U l»«t? -It - fl,4 with Uu _CpngtiluH«fl, JijA oput* U>*. M^ouiuHiM tk«7 «wUarik«i >nd adapted th. k; but w.truitthat it it only . hhlltinlrrmrfun’twrit-fic t»*ur .dmittiu* with our pr(>|>erlr. tr t|dlri ctConfederation Under which >11 their h«r Cunr.uUon, .. . j Jt|i»iodic«t.d. reDjrninjKnee of ju.tic. ujwd elUni ,i iaUircourM wu r^ulaated during that Virginia has kept in abeyance Federalism in ; the part of our Northern confederate#, end wss p er ; 0( j the c | oge Q f that conflict, the Gov- .11 Ho Protean pi,mm. from 1708 and 00 ti j the h.rbiogrr ,J better timrt. Butthew bo,,. IMO. Virginia h.a taught tl.a glare State. ; ful aigna were>*n dlaaipalrd What ahould Statea Kigbta, the principle of Reserved R ghla, hare allayed only increaaed excitement, and ^ REMARK* OPaiMIIBI.il *1*. B8|m | tlUwu themselves. Knowing this, w# will 1 auee, and tnptbn by no paUtioal tie) aaauch they com. of l»t»lUct, in deep U.’rniny.n^rotijpf.lien mnernd the E^ointionary wnr-lb.y d.elaredf liM«talea«»nabip ita» bl» their indap.ed.noe, Meg careful ia the dec Ired.ll of North Caroli 1 .ration to reeer*e to themaelree all the righte, privilege and pvwera that pertain to free and Independent HUtei. A. free and independent the Gov «rurucot with which wo had lately been st war, by the U-eaty of peace ncognised the free wards effectually protected the >iWtoivcy | could haveobtafoH Hdslieswf *xtrafiitio 0 f rt jwthen- lislljthe govfrmMnU frith whom w# held** •ers,tfimrs | cotreei. Upon the part of agy foreign go T|r in s dissenting opin meat tie ,.rae ices of the Northern ion which will live as long as tbe principles of reference to our Slave property, would rational freedom have admirers, rescued our ! been causes ot war, sod oo foreign gorerso*, liberties from their imminent peril. He ; has ever ventured io tamper with or iavsfo alar in sd the fears of tbe ptopie, and they made rights. basto in provide new safeguards. Thanks to We bate only been restrained by Cm,, him* au amsudwant to the CooaUtuUon was i obli^aiions from making speed* m adopted which, properly understood and faiih- effective rrptitials •» fully carried out, would ha frout upon those who dom, independence and sovereignty of each of these States. The Congress of the Old Confed eration passed a resolution requiting the States to send delegates to Philadelphia for the "sole and express purpnte of revising the articles of con federation.” They did not intend that that league should be superseded by an entirely new and different form of government, and the States acted in sending their delegates with the same purpose aud views as is apparent from tbe tenor and effect of their commissions. In the Convention various schemes of government were proposed, prominent among there was that offered by Edmund Randolph of Virginia, which sought among other things to iuvest Coegress with power “ to negative all laws passed by the several States, contravening, in theoj>inion of the Nation forever after ] - 1 !?* •«»<* thereby released u« h ■ -Isiwa sttKassI* •r and dignity. aF |, r , iu our aiiuaiiuu, ibvy will re,pA .....ilar a .Oku I u u|.oo II, air |.,««r anu uigmty. >e | tf , j 0 our B i, u *tiuu. ibvy will r„p M , In no lubrequent atl.mptwhlrh haibaan mad* | rlgtua Thry hav. Haver br»n kno»inf B haa the General Governmeut ever eucrceded i* j gag. ig war, uniea. il would pul .‘Ml i, rSMutlng proceaa agaioat a Stala where rihi.t. j M"**! •"* ,lr » "•* going 10 katiMU .nee ha. been offered. The framer, of th. *“/!*• 10 wrt " lrom you a pieee of pri;H r; Constitution were wia. and ..gaciou. men, and ( .“"r ». would no. huv, omit,ed to pf.ivide a remedy 1 * h ’ Ch ' aDi,rr "' , ' f concentrated, and th. .weening, of Northern Z , „ latMr ^ lhe artM „ n/ Vni<J „ (r(u ,1 .,,.m.nl*r1 man Hanrn. * j cities, aided and augmented by men of depri ved morals and des|»erato habits, were gather- ed together and marched in bends to possess themselves «>f territory devoted to the common use and to drive out our Southern settlers.— They laid waste the lovely plains of Kausas, and tbe whole territory presented a scene of .assassination, murder std pillage. No life how ever blameless, no innocence however helpless —no age however venerable —no virtue how ever illustrious, availed to stay this tide of car. nage and violence; and when those brutal and inhuman acts provoked a juat vengeance, tbe whole country rang with tbe cry of Southern atrocity and lawlessness. An appeal was made to put down wbat was styled “the barbarism of slavery,” and “the aaered animosity” of the North was thoroughly aroused. A party corn- posed of this material assembled in Convention snd adopted a platf. rm which lowered slave holders to a level with those sunk in the gross est vices, and addicted to the basest immorali ties, and placing upon it as their standari bearer a mere political adventurer, boldly en tered the contest for the possession of the gov ernment. It was only after a most unparall* led struggle that two of your most prominent and experienced statesmen were saved from a dis astrous defest, and the government rescued for a time from the fearful vortex threatening its destruction. This result did not discourage these forces—it did not even break their ranks —they returned to the charge, animated by fresh courage They were assured of a strength of which they had not before been conscious. An irrepressible conflict between the free and slave labor was proclaimed -n law higher than the Constitution and more sacred than the teachings of Iloly Writ was dibcovered. Pre- | datory bands were marched into peaceful com | munitic-stoexcite insurrection—apply the mid- j night torch—rob and murder—to destroy the means of t ubsistence—to poison the wells—to alarm our sleep—to render life a burthen, by making it insecure, and when the desperadoes were arrested and punished, they were eleva ted to the honors of martyrdom ; all the re straints of religion were cast aside, end the crucifixion of the Savior of mankind blasphem ed, by impi msiy comparing with it the execu- n of a cut throat and a tlieif. Those con spirators who made good their escape, lound ylum and protection from Northern cxecu- rea, who, in violation of their oaths, refused to surrender them on demand. Among a people uot dead to all sense of vir tue and decency, such a party could not prevail. But their strength lav iu their vices; they aa- ty subsisting under the authority of the Union, io call furth the force of the Union against any member of the Union failing to fulfill its duties ui.dtr the articles thereof” The nnanimo jeciion of this proposition establishes that the Government about to be formed was not a ra tio!* AL OR c HSOLIIUTKD OoVCRSMRRr—that the Legislatures of the States were not to be jrct to tbe control of tho Federal Legislature, and that no State failing in tbe opinion of the Congress to discharge its duty to the General Government waa liable to coercion. The Constitution, being perfected by the Con vention, was reported to tbe Federal Congress, to be by that body submitted to the several 8tates for their ratification. In the letter of tbe Preaident of the Convention, transmitting its labors, the Government proposed to be formed is styled in one place, the “Gkreral Govirr mrntox tie Union,” and in another the'*Fed eral Government ov thk States.” But, not withstanding these careful and guarded desig nations of its character, emanating from one incapable of deception or falsehood, who had just successfully established a claim to the ven eration and respect of the world and the grat itude of his countrymen, the fears of many of the ablest and most patriotic in the Slate Con ventions were aroused, lest the scheme might destroy the sovereignty and swallow up tbe rights of the States. Iu reply to an expression of such fears in tbe New York Convention* Gen. Alex. Hamilton, than whom no leader of the party advocating a strong government is entitled t« be he?d in higher esteem, for his learning and ability, candor and boldnefs, said: “It has been well observed, that to coerce the States is one of the maddest projects that was ever devised. A failure of compliance will never bo confined to a single Stale. This be ing the case, can we suppose it wise to hazard a civil war? Suppose Massachusetts, or any large Slate, should refuse, and Congress should attempt to compol them, would they not have influence to procure assistance, especially from those States in tho same situation as them selves? What picture does this idea present to our view ? A complying State at war with a non-complying State; Congress marching the troops of one State into the bosom of another; this State collecting auxiliaries, and forming a majority against its federal head. Here is a nation nt war with itself. ••Can any reasonable man be will disposed towards a government that makes war and car nage the only means of supporting itself—a government that can exist only by the sword? Every such war roust involve tbe innocent sards hick which, onder ihriT Institutions btttfaei ^ curse and a nuisance. They cmuoi blocks for the enforcement of a r^ht eiearly ami ; UU r por:s and cut iff 00 r trade, h, £ “cxprestly delegated,” or “necessary and ! that upcu which the si ability of rr ery tA/o proper” to carry it into effort. Theabaenceot j Europe icsta, and upon which of the right; and yet Ihote States who have j restrictions upon thrift* ........ . , , • , i tercouree would roon compel them io nm* provided for their ..fety, .ml hav. p*t|b«ir | >n ,j l0 k „ p ,„, ce Wt lh ,„ „ rtlr „|,^r househohU in order, arc threatened with inva- i you io join ua iti the accomplishment if* sion! Will you submit to have Federal troops > most glorious deeiiny diet ever awHiieai^ march through your State to subjugate the ae i P*®- With nothing of inconvenience bat i tl who are only asserting and maintaining the j £ or **’J r «u*barra#so.eut, the not (lismi* f.crcd right of «.f d.f.oo.1 (Loudcriro, N.v- I er! never!!) No, never, that is the word; nev- it—so help awai:a us—power and freedom are within#« grasp. When we fo hence our chtldivsei uerer reptoach us—hut far io the diiiu future tbe happiness will be theirs t# around upon a land t-miling with (ltafji* upon a people uniied aud Imply. “ Zealous, yet u.oilest—Innocent, tho’ trc*. fatlrut of toil—serene amidst alarn.s— ■ Inflexible in faith— |u» Inclble in BEACH & ROOT Iff now IfffifiDg i fall Lin«( SPRING GOODS, INCLUDING RAREGJi A NO LA IS, ORGA.WDIKS, PR/S TE1) JACOXKTS, LA WES, DE CHINES, CHALL ICS, SILKS, PRISTS, CISC HA MS L.vuBoivmn, LACES, <tf., dt 1 large, ud •trwbled th.ni.-lvi. iu pi nclaTe; proclaimed | w j,h th. guilty. Thi. .ingle non.id.r.tiou the iicial and poliiir.l equality of the black j .hould be aufficieDt to diipoe. every peaceable urned superiority over you . oitixen against .uch * government. But can bs to Federalism and Liucotn, her gl"ry- I f. c , j n battle array, and in the contest were renowned hallowed aseocintions will have do. j viotoriooa-tliue eanclioning and euslaining, parted. Her name and fame will cbi.e with . by both a popular and electoral majority of the her humiliation, and, like ancient Roma, her Northern vote, these enormities, with eertsin classic bills and vales will soon be desecrated I assurance tbai they will be prosecuted in the d white rui . B tended with but little inconvenience, and with- j by putting you and your property under th. | wc believe that one State will ever .offer itself out war and bloodshed. But it Virginia sue. j ban; brought ou'. their leader) met you face to j t<, be used aa a meana of coercion. The thing is s dream, it is impossible.” The Constitution was ratified by New York, but upon the ex press condition that her people reserved the right of resuming the powers delegated when ever their happiness should require it. Virgi nia accompanied her ratification with a similar by Northern Goths, and Po?tority can but spurn her imbecile 1 ass-ironi. May the Fates decree otherwise! JOT Connecticut has nearly 1,000 public schools, and about luO.OOO children, between the ages of four and sixteen. The Biate 1ms a school accomodation for about 80,000 chil dren, an animal expense of $400,000, or $o to each child. The Average at’tndanco, how ever, is bat little over 00,000. par Albert Pike, of Arkansas, who, it will be remembered, is a native of Massacn-etis, has published a pamphelt addre^ed iu the people of (be former SiAte. It bus for its tills :** State of Province?—Bond or Free?” He urges Arkansas and the Border States to unite with the seceded States at once; and says that, *• if any compromise is patched up, somebody will be sold ” Par A jury in Detroit has regarded a ver dict of $5000 damages against Mr. Robert Ed. wards, a farmer of Greet field, Mich., for oi> oompliahing the ruin of Elix-tbetn Reed, a tirl fifteen rears of age. The best of it is that Mr. Edwards has property enough to satisfy the verdict. ttaT h lap dog reccently broghl $2,000 In London by auction. F atm iu vs. Sox.—Tbs BoHon Courier pro duces the following extract from *u oration delivered in Boston on the 4th of July, 1808, by tbe father of Charles Sumner. The son of bis father bad belter read it; .. , **Therw is indeed no diversity of interest In ooncert to the key note of hjpocracy and between the people of the South; and they ri t * J f ‘‘ l are no friends to vit her Who endeavor to stim ulate and embitter the one against the other. Wbat If the SODS of Massachusetts rank high en the roll of revolutionary fome ? The wis dom and heroism for wbioh they have been distinguiehsd will never permiuhem toiodulge in inglorious boast. Ths independence and liberty we poesesa are tbe result ot joint efforts —of oo anno» dangers, sufferings and sucees- t«e; and Qod forbid that those who have ev ery motive o/ey at pat hy and interaat to adt io eooeort, shea Id ever beeorae ths prey tf party WelMriags .(Doeg ihera.elTt..’’ pliud.r, wbioh hu Imn pitch.d hr them. ggf Pre»id«»t Dtvli b» appointed C.pt Robert Jeeeljn — (he popular - Bob Joieljn" of poetical end Meilean fame—,1 Ml prtr.'e j) eretarr. II. 1e lb* iuihor .1 tho •• Young Widow,'' ■'Olfl with (ho Collet Drott,” .od other Mi.cl.iippi Slit, Lyric* Ho obtained hi. brevet or Cipratv !■ rto horrio MJ or Moiioo, it* dofoiud. for tho Uolied *l*too Coogreai, and li known u th* “ Frio*, of ' ©oo J follow*" !*On| tho Jolly two*. future with increased aggravstio Are such wrongs to be endured ? Our people ! condition; and after all the other States bad ratified the Constitution, Rhode Island acceded to the Union and completed tbe galaxy, upon the very terms on which the ratification ol New York was accepted. If the government was a consolidation, the?e reservations were impossible The men who framed the Consti tution and put tbe government into operation regarded them as an indication of over caution, e answered in the negative with one voice. They were all for resistance in some form.— j They only differed at to the mode and measure j of redress, and the time of its application. A I majority of the n despaired of repressing this conflict in the Uniou, and were therefore pre ' pared to “repel it” out of the Union. To the j minority, the voice of the State was as the < voice of God ; they yielded a graceful and ready j because the very right reserved would necea- obedience to the sovereign will, and gave their j sarily result from the nature of the compact, pledge (which I doubt not they will nobly and ; They meant to enable these three Statea to re- promptly redcoai) to defend their homes, and tain no right or privi ege which tbe others bad all a freeman can hold dear with their “lives I not. This at once would have destroyed the and fortunes.” In this measure we did notact j equality of tho States, and sapped tbe very will be sold for CASH. fered. March 4, 1861. Goods hove ever Wvs of- beach a uturr. hastily—our forbearance had been long—our endurance great. In 1850 we solemnly warned our Northern confederates of the consequences of auother ag^rcs*-i*>n upon our rights. This warning they treated as the idla wind which they regarded not, and by their action precip itated a contingency upon the happening of which our honor pledged us to resist. But even under these circumstances we made a last ap peal to them to acknowledge our rights and guarantee us the protection for which we had stipulated in the bond of our Union. This was spurned, and we had recourse to our rei«rv#d rights for oar future safety and protection. In resuming these powers, while we hoped to have peace, and coveted no armed conflict wJtb soy of our late confederates, yet, if they so will it, we ere prepared to meet end repel it. The mode and measure of redress adopted by ua, we respectfully maintain is neither revolution ary or treasonable, but constitutional regular, U-wdil;—and ahould therefore be peaceable.— We know the law-abiding disposition ot your people—we understand and trust, habitually shariah with you a loyal submission anl dig- vffled obedience to rightful authority—but only to rightful authority ; for men who will not defeod their rights and repel aggressions, wilt render jnalioe to oUms. or moke faithful foundations of the government: so that we may conclude that these conditions were ac cepted in good faith by each and all tbe States, and tbe rights reserved by one enured equally to each and all. But notwithstanding tbeae in disputable facts in our history, a portion of tbe party in the Convention who wished a stronger government endeavored to accomplish, by in direction, wbat they had fitilad to secure by the use of open means; and soon after the gov ernment went into operation they sought to enlarge its powers by a latitudinarisn con struction. They appealed to all the depart- mentsof the government, and were successful Id having tbeir interpretation adopted by the legislative and judicial departments. The first apportionment bill which treated the popula tion o( the States ss a consolidated mass fell under the Executive veto of General Washing ton. The hext effort at coercion was made by Mr. Edmund Randolph, then Attorney Gene ral of the United States, wbo selected Georgia aa his victim, and eetqthMe dwarf her sove reignty by dragging her, for judgment, to the foot stool of the lederal judiciary. She scorned the olUmpV—refused by soy act of here to re- cognise the supremacy of a jurisdiction she had aidad fn ereklfng. Note oould be sqpd- rior to sovereign power, tbe pet 1a ee appear- er will I believe it until I God!! Thle «— “la no tuort jour eouutry ; but itn luplon Crew of tnen, coneplrlnx to uphold their Stale By worve than hostile deeds—defeat lug the eride I For which jour countrj was a name so drar; ” \ and you are asked to contribute to tbe d«-gra ■ dat-'ou au<l ruin of those who are b *n«* of your ! bone and flesh ot yout flesh. You canuot and , you will not forget tbe “ noble dt-eds of daring high ” of a common ancestry, whose blood en- j riches and hsliowa every battlefield front Ger mantown to New Orleans. But it has been said that we shoulu wait! Our rights will be conceded tj us in the Uuion—we can procure further guaranties by constitutional amend ment. The expectation is vain—time after time, an acknowledgment of your rights has been refused. There is no fault to be found with the old Constitution—that wus amply sufficient, if failbfully observed, for every emergency ! No more saciel or biudiDg obli gations can te devitel than those therein con tained—but the cry ia still wait! Yes, wait uutil the torch which is applied to your dwell ing shall wrap it in flame*! Wait until the assassin haa discharged the fatal contents of tbe deadly blunderbuss now leveled at your breast—wait until life is extinct and resistance vain! While I appreciate the motives and admire the talents of those tow engaged in a patriotic endeavor to reconstruct the old Gov ernment, I must be pardoned fur expressing the belief that tht-ir "Conference" will end in nothing—tbe people with whom they have to deal have deceived us repeatedly. “That was their fault.” We thank God we ate now fret from them, aud if ever “they doceivaus agaiL* it will be our fault.” Our people have no doubt they may grant all that ia asked by the ] border 81ave States? But hew wiJl they keep their plighted faith? We can only judge of the future by tbo past, and our experience warns us against auother connexion. You would have to reeducate them, to reform their morals and change their very nature before we could give them our confidence. Our separa tion is final nud irrevocable. night you have to choose between a Northern alliance and a uniou with the new born Republic—Tux Co.W'smcrate States or America. You muy not come immeuialely, but eventually, and I trust at no distant day you will be with ua. Appeals have been made to your fears—you have been urged to resist this natural and homogenioua alliance for the reason that it was the design of the cotton States to reopen the foreign Slave Trade. Siuce 1798, the C institution of Georgia has prohibited this traffic, uot because we believed it immoral or unjust, but because we doubted its influence upon our material interest#. No considerable portion of our |>eople have ever favored the policy of reviving il, while many of them have been opposed to tbe federal legislation upon that subject, lor the reason that they regarded it as the exercise of powers not delegated, and because of the stupidly • ruel and aevere pen alties inflicted upon an act not intrinsically wrong, but only rendered so by politic consid erations. Desiring to assure you of our entire sincerity in relation to the matter, our Con ven lion instructed our delegates to the Southern Congress to have this prohib tion inserted in the Constitution for the new Conf.-deriey.— This, I am hsppy to say. as you already kn<>w, j haa been done. In this great movement we 1 prefer the cordial ctoperatiou of the border Slave Statea to the doubtful profits of this com- merce for all coming time. Go on. and e<»n- I tinue to raise the supply of labor, and we will j provide for our wants in your market. We ; could bave influenced your action by prohibit- I ing the introduction of your 8Uve« into our | midst. We could have Increase d them in your borders by tbit restrictive policy, until they j ° * would have become werte than valueless to jnfi' PROMPT ATTENTION* you. We were unwilling in constrain the ac tion of a free people Wo were averse to in Aiding loss snd injury uj on thoso who bad nnverabowu uanughtbulk. duvss. We would imply no doubt by our course, of the fidelity and patriotism of our brethren. All your m« terinl interests must be promoted by your apes- dy union with us in the new government The princely treasures which bave hitherto been lavished With n generous hand upon uugrste- ful New England, will be poured into your Up. Your unappropriated water falls wilt resound with the burn, and be made glad with Ike songs of laborers. The music of the shuttle and the loom will cheer tbe spirt#, and augment ths comfort of your increase.1 and increasing pop. ulation The idle will be employed, and the unproductive become a valuable and produc tive citisea. Diversity of pursuit* will bring increased skill and production, and along with them greater splendor and power. Your un developed mineral resources will li« brought to light, aod your uninhabited mown lain slopes filled with a hardy and industrious people, will imok. «Hl> Torfe! irid btlM wlrti form M. Tb» bord.r. of C.n.d»wiUik.B mor. J. W. II EWELL, WRoLKSALS AND RKTilL PEiLKZ W Fancy and Staple DRY GOODS, MARKHAM’S BLOCK, Corner "Whitehall tc AlnbimaKth ATLANTA, OEOl Qli Feb. lfl-ly. W. U. 1A1.1IS, • • X. r. FLSMI.VL • • JA1K FLEMING <fr CO* WHOLESALE Produce Dealer) AND GENERAL COMMISSION MERCIIIIT MASONIC HALL BUILDING, (Opposite Paanengrr Depot.) ATLANTA, OrE PAID TO UStr FILLING ORDER* LIBERAL ADVANCES MADE OD. rONSIONM BUSINESS TKANBACTED ON 18* CASH SYST K—JL—0—L—U—A— L-V- K -Ar-\ Price. Current meitrd to cnrofceti MiA-b S, ISOl. 1 • F IFTY barrel, ot rrln. Le.I Lietl!» *nd for Ml. bjr Jonel* BUTLJB A