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| l .#I ■ / jj■ ; | 13Y N. S. MORSE & CO. tljionidf ftikatmcl. I v * ■ TERMS. wfiiga < iihom< i.k a «^tim:i. J., PUBLISHED kvkky wkd.nk-day I| HMII DOLLAR- roil -IV MUVPIM. H always IN' advance. ||| WEEKLY AI»VKUTI*IVJ ifIITKH. ■ :■ A . , . ti,..Wi-.ii) ■„::; H h it>- 11 ct i.’ tl-i « ccnta a line.sdi tn«" 1 lon. H-i-i :--,%•>; .1 -Yill 1,.- < .'iai/c-1 tl.irt) < m,'» . f-r e»< B“ .r.,t i • M'l, 1 Not;- : - 1 ' - A-.llor. <■ ■ ><•«> »»* N'-.trri f-itty c.t-tit per l!-u titn-rtloo i.l I"! I —IV. • < W.y. Wl-.t til i"';-!-, I B, Unit) tu -1 VVn-Vly-irtxty rent., per iI. Hhiai.i. t.ii: ihhh.i“ r *in*tH uk tlx the liill repealing the exemption of |- -foil. l who hail I>ttt Mih-iitatr.s into the f,< 1 "■ f• ■i• ■ til.* (Nil!.- s>u;»t'! a I -■-•> Oil* i1 - -1: -.i11.-- 111.-1 t: I ■■ ■! . < I r. of South ( irolin.t 1 j 11 , -1 j - >:i- • 1 il i'i.| iiiLi m it. -1 tliai lie- C >urts <>f the lirglit i 11 1 e-rt'. ru with its i.p.-rali Wat 11 ' 1 i<• kly answered by Mr Cl.nk, <-f H " win, gave Hu* Sen.'it *1 1" Hli'i' r-Ulcl after the hill li.nl become 1 a law, steps I l> - tak. a to remove the whole matter ■ :il Uie jurisdiction of [the Courts. Ilia wm Ih it. t’on g roe-' would. in lii- judg K. mi,'ip- I). 1 the operation of the habeas Bus ael mi fii an it ivfcrri .1 to j 0 his 1 ham ■H e.MiPii|ition 11 him service on tile jr. 1,11 m! <it employed subslil'iles. In conformity Mr. I'lhi h's intiniatinn, we notice Hint Mr. ■inn, of Mississippi. Ii is intr<.hoee.l into the ■ , bill 1., -u p-iI, in certain eases, the of Uie habeas corpus net. m sine,-iely 1 10;.- th it there ;tu- ini MHgene.o patriotism enough in Congress to re-ista wliie'i we boli.". e to be not only tin jflUary but arbitrary nndjle-p itic. We liave etiril much said upon tbu null ago oil cimstitu onal lights, committed by ibo Lincoln Gov- in <!*• j/ri v in t!i< i • ciiiz n,» of the ■cnclil nf trial by tbo laws of lire land. Aiv Hi' mm to l».; gml'y of tin* m.uii.' wrong ‘ I hi; of Hin li n bill as Mr I'll.'l l.; [iioJu'Si'h obji cl.'nniibli; on TiiximiH grounds : tM I Hi. 11 i 111 |i|il'S 11 • Mllll ill till' mi Hi lof Coll;; IT!. s Hi In the C'»n.slilnLion;\lily nf law which Hm bi ■i■ 11 |i iih'l ill relation In Hiib.il.il n I i-H. II til lull'll III" usual rot'luli'iii'e in tin: legal it i tin: proceeding, it w.mlil not. li.ivo been Hii'-I ary t" IVir.rst.il 1 by pn Hutu mn\ n pi nee.-- ■u ooltiilry. It is equivalent to s«\ in; “Wr ml tli.it vvn li ui> linnsi-i• inii- 1 t In: I'nin; of legislators in Ibis mutter, blit we do int.'inl to have tho v.ilblily ol out'action in 1111 t*sI ion, unit wo hIi.iII, t'leiol'oie, down Ibo only arm wbioli can boos iiilv i.ii.ii • 1 against us." Will Hi.* people ■n .1 is j> >hoi| to sub hi t iininuninn ingly to a I iw iitiib'r Hiirli circumstances ? H-M Tin' tHii.-.|ii*iisi«i-i of lb" linin',in ooi'i'im not, Hoil'l imply ;i coii.surn of tbo Judiciary of the Hogislntivc bnim li of the i fovmimii-iit lias not nt noio: >. n. i bo .Imlioiaiy t i roly it for tho endorsement ol 11 lore measures Bvliich am deemed onsi'iitial to tlio public good. Bn fid* ooiiHiiro deserved? • llavo tbo courts of »fhn ooimtiy any wh.'re embarrassed tbo opera- H«n« of tlio government since this rovolntion ••minenced * Did not the Supreme Court of thin State, event whilst tint Chief Magistrate of ♦ lie State pronounced it nnooiislitiitional, huh hin the Conscript law ? lluvo not all our Court#, ho far as public decorum would nt all permit, accepted the doctrine pernicious tHongb it be —inter anna leges silent ? And w liy mew should there be. auy distrust even by im plication of the soundness of our 1 Sd. The suspension■ of the liabeas corpus would deprive the bill repealing the exemption of men who have substitutes in the army of that moral support which it would derive from Hie sanction of (he courts. Wo have no doubt If tl io habeas corpus act is not suspended that, the legality ot the former bill will very soon be tealed before some authorised tribunal. Alter the earnest recommendation of tlio measure by the President and its nearly unanimous adop tion by the Senate and the strong majority in tie favor in the Lower House, we veiy much doubt whether any respectable court would give an opinion against the law. (>n the ground »fa great public necessity a necessity which tbo guardians of our rights judges to have an existence- were there no other consideratiohs #omtraining, them—they* would sustain the nrMon of their co ordinate associates in the gov ernment. Tlie n ensures thus sanctioned would present, to the people a law which had secured (he concurrence of the whole government. It would be recoin mended by all the weight which <*onhl come from Legislator, Executive, and ffflilge. Opposition would be quelled. Even efimplaint must be repressed in (lit* presence of •nch a union. There would bo none of that jpvnnd for dissent which would be invited should the bill touching the habeas corpus now before the House become a law. Tim Nbxv Yankee President. —The New York Herald of a late date hoists the name of r. fe Grant for the next President of the dis united States. That journal also has a long, idvambtlug biography of this general In which ft f» proven to tho satisfaction of the writer that Grant is a native Scotchman. Bennett, being a Caledonian, is anxious to claim affinity with the huge Ulysses. Grant's late advantage at Chattanooga lias gained him this distinction. Lot u \ ankeo general achieve a military suf fers, and forthwith ho is brought forward as a candidate for a four years residence at the IThito House. McClellan, Burnside, Hooker, Fepe and Meade it either of them had won a victory, the Northern Press would have been anxious to make him a President at onoo. The next time l lyases gets a sound thrashing they will throw him overboard as remorselessly as they*would a ric.ul dog. lie will be of no further use to them. % The question will then recur, “Who is to bo the next victim to Northern polirteal ambition ?" • Perseverance.— In some characteristics we may profit by tho example of even our ene luies. Ihey exhibit most astonishing perse verance. Whatever they set about, they work at with the persistent energy ; they do not tire ; they follow Lincoln’s lacouic advice and keep “pegging away - .” Buffeted, beaten, foil ed, scattered, they nilly again with a spirit the most unyielding. Knock them down and they are on their feet again like a cat. It is this in domitable quality of perseverance which, were h more general among our own people, would have a wonderful effect in aiding our cause. Do not despair if your first efforts are not cro vned with success: whether in military or civil occupations, have the idea of winning and none other, perpetually in view ; with a stout arm. a brave heart, and a firm will, lo ! almost before you are aware, the goal will be ;(*< hed and tho triumph achieved. Condition or Northern Virginia. — A cor respondent of the New York News, presents a sail picture of the ruin an 1 desolation now e& isting in Northern Viiginit. He says: It I should present a sail picture of the des olation now reigning over a region which three yen-, ago was fertile, peaceful, blooming and ha; ;>y the reader need not suppose that it is ovt;Urawn r.r too highly-colored. Alas! there are lew pen capable ol giving additional slui n' -s to the drea y desolation prevailing on eve iy side from one end to tlio other of the road upon which it is my province to travel almost daily. A' several points wc come upon a blackened rm>> of bii< ks, stones an i roof trees. In their vicinity may he seen neglected fruit trees,once r.ttntchard, and a cluster of oak and cedar, once and! uiljng so de and shelter, to a pleasant lioirie. Here and th re along the roadside a lew nils t. li e dwellings may In- seen, inhabit ed by oi l men, Wumeu, and children, all ap p. r. n l as irn-eiuble and dilapidated as the poor huts they occupy. At bail fax Court House, yery few of the old redden s rem'in, and veiy few of the houses lea n their old appearance. .Some are window los. .v uie doorlehs, seme rootless, same lloor le -, and some have disappeared altogether. It was at one time the residence of some of t a elite of 'ti«‘ Mate hut it is such no more. ■ Mary ot tiie old hatii ues now coining there j won .1 scare !y rec-oguize in the dismantled [ 1 iOu-a , conit house and churches, their former happy home. At C ntreville, the houses on the oast side of the hill have alt disappeared while those still remaining on till west side have been in part and -moli.ii U, and what remains ure occupied as edi-eis’ quarters sutleis’ i-tore* and pie bak eries lu ihe plain, west of the heights, sev eral comfortable dwellings were standing some months ’ since, but they aie not inert) now. The cause ot their absence may be accounted for by the presence ol so many of our forces. Not a vestige of Mnassas Junction remains There is not a military house remaining. Half a mile east of the site of Ihe village stands a brick house the only building 1 have seen near the place,'and it has neither doors nor windows. Tim tine tieos that were there when the place was inhabited have ail passed away. In mounds and in some low places, moss-covered stones, scattered bricks and perhaps a black ened i alter, mark the sight of a destroyed dwelling ; yet few of these remain now. The tottering chimneys and crumbling stood there a year ago, mourning over the des olation t iey tiad witnessed, have all fallen a prey, to the soldiers, by whom they were ap propriated, and used in the construction of mgs ami hr places. No human face is to be seen, save those belonging to persons connec ted in some way with t e army. Goldsmith's brilliant imagination never could have pictured to him a scene nf greater desolatian. At Bristow's Station there is not a house standing. Walls, chimneys, roof tl,ees, and even foundations, have disappeared. At Catlett’s (Station there is one frame hottsc remaining, said to he occupied by an old man from whom the station takes its name At Warrenton Station, devastation has done Lis villainous work. Houseless and tentless, it is as dreary a spot as one could easily imagine. Jieulton Station was at one time considered a town, hut, like many other terrestrial things, it—the town has passed away forever. Rappahannock Station, is now a bleak and dreaiy spot, though at one time it possessed beamy. 'The country between the points mentioned does not possess many features different from those noticeable in the places described. The same absence of population, tlio same wreck, ruin and dhsolntiotl arc visible on all sides No fences, no houses, no evidence of cultivation no, nothing lan barren fields, crumbling ruins and deserted holms, to bo seen anywhere. Many long years must pass before Virginia, or at least the portion of it in question, can again bwimm tut. quiet tiorac of peace, industry and contentment. It is over scenes of tlio kind described by the News’correspondent that Lincoln and his blood thirsty advisers and fai.atical followers g oat. It is in such scenes that they take delight. De vastation, rapine, and murder have followed in the wake of the Federal army wherever it has marched. The more brutal and inhuman the acts of the commanding officer, the more popu lar he app ears to be at Washington, and with the presses and followers of the despot who now sways the destinies of the North. Lincoln is now doing his best to ruia the balance of our lair land. If he accomplishes his foul and tiend, ‘sit purposes no one will be to blame but our own people. Mismanagement and lukewarm ness has caused the reverses of the past, and they will cause reverses in tiro future, if we do not improve from the experience we have al ready had. There is only one plain path for all to pursue, if we wish to stop the further advance of the Federal invader. That is simply this— the path of duty. Let the same feelings actu ate now every one. that, actuated them when the present levol .tion commenced, and all will be well hereafter. " Cukap Generation ok Steam. —Some months since, the Federal Navy Department appointed a commission of three Chief Engineers of the Navy to investigate, by actual experiment, the pr.cess of using as luel hydtf cat bon oils for the generation of steam This commission made a senes 11 careful ex| eriments, extending o or a | cried of five months, which have proven s tligl'aetory. From their re|mrt we ex tract the following : In the experiments under eonsideratlo"'. the volume of dune was so treat as to pass entire ly through the tubes of the boiler, and heat the smoke ; ipe red hot lor several feet from the base, in eo isequence of which tiie maxi mum amount of combustion and evaporation was not reached in the use of petroleum. The evaporation in favor ot the petroleum was 103 per cent, as shown by the report ; the same boiler being useiLwith the best anthracite coal, and and r precisely the same condition. The time of generating steam from water of equal temperature to twenty pounds pressure | above th" atmosphere, was. for the oil an vrerago ol 28 minutes, and for the coal, six'™ minutes ; or in favor of the oil. 1143 per e ..lit. The time for the complete cxtinguishim jn t of the fire, in tbo use of the oils, was at JOU t seeouds. One of the Federal ironclads or navai steamers, by its successful use as,su ggested in the experiments so Mr as tried, wo aid be eua bled to keep the sea under steam two or three times as long, with less labor ar,i greater con venience. "K compared with the use of coal, equal weights of each o' a hoard being con si lered. The Baltimore American says these advan tages. as set forth - lM \iij s report are very great, and no doubt a complete revolution in the mode of gen erating steam will be the result. We understand that a company is now King formed in New York, with the intention of purchasing a first class sea going steamer, to apply at oner this invention, with the view to bung the matter fully before the public. Analysis or the Tax Law in Congress.- -The Richmond Examiner gives the annexed analy sis v f the tax law now being discussed in sexTet session in Congress : It is known that Congress is now maturing, in secret session, a l«i!l to levy taxesrfor thesup port of Government. This bill has come from the Special Committee on Currency. Its fa tures may be briefly but reliably stated. Its purposes a 'ax of twenty per cent, ou all agri cultural products: wheat, corn, tobacco, naval stores, provisions, cloths, and. generally, all articles which may be euumered as army sup plies. Stocks, coin anil all paper used as cur rency are taxed five pt r cent. All debts which have been paid in Confederate money prior to the passage of the act are taxed against the par ty who paid them, ten to twenty per cent., ac cording to. the date of payment. Profits in trade and business, made since the Ist of Janu ary. lSt>2, are taxed thirty-three per cent., with some exceptions, and with au additional tax of twenty-five p«fr cent, ou the excess over twen ty-five per cent, of the profits of incorporated and joint stock compani.s made in auy of the year i since thq war. The income tax is sus pended. / AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING. JANUARY 20, 1364. 1 Fortitude —A brave man struggling with ' the storms of adverse fortune has ever been re garded with admiration and sympathy. In the full belief of the rectitude of his cause, and con scious of the fortitude and firmneaS of his own heart, he prepares fur the difficulties that may environ him an! the enemies that may assail him, by concenlrating all his energies of body and mind, and strives to win success by pa tience, diligence, and courage. The Montgom ery Advertiser remarks thus on the bright ex atopies of fortitude of brave and sacriticiug pa triots who liave lived in other days : In history we read of many men who were finally successful alter having suffered the storms ot adversity Uirou ilia long course of years. Phillip of Maccdon was not always successful, but he finally triumphed over all lrs enemies, and his life presents many trails of character which elevate him far fame of his son Alexander the Great. This was the opin ion of Cicero, and it proves that the most shi ning actions arc not only always the most wor thy of imitation or admiration. But perhaps the struggles of Hubert Bruce are more striking and patriotic than those of any other man whose deeds liave been handed down to us by the historian. The crown of Scotland bad been wrested fiom his father by Edward 1., King of England, and both father and son were taken to London, where they were imprisoned. The g'eat deeds of Wallace in defence of the inde- pendence of Scotland, filed the heart of the young prince. He escaped from prison. He returned to Scotland. His bugle rung through the glens and over the moors and mountains of his own, his native laud, and he called upon the Blue Bonnets to rally around him. He sought the enemy everywhere, but the star ot Scotland had fallen, and her fate seemed sealed forever. Wallace lost the battle of Falkirk, he became a fugitive—he was outlawed—betrayed—hang ed, drawn and quartered. But still the young King fought on. His army was dispersed —he wandered from glen to glen, an I from cot to cot, seeking to inspire his liegemen with the spirit of resistance and defiance which animat ed his own heart. But the foemun’s loot was on the hearth of the homestead, and on the heart of the people. Driven to the recesses of the mountai is—deserted by all except a cho sen lew—forsaken by fortune, and hunted like a wild heist by the myrmidons of King Ed ward. he still presented a bold front to the ene my, and like the stag at bay. stood determined to live or die a freeman, in his own native wilds. Ye.irs rolled on. lfu was almost for gotten—the tyrant was lording it over a con quered country when suddenly the tocsin sounded; and thousands of brave men rushing to the standard ot the young King, implored him to lead them against the' insolcntTue. He marched to Bannockburn, and gained the inde pendence of Scotland in the completes!, victory over the English army which is recorded in history. The persevance and indomitable energy of Robert Bruce in devlsting means for the expul sion of the British troops from Scotland, should commend tlicm-elves to our imitation. It is individual vigilance and exertion and which makes the sun national fortitude and intrepid ity. If each man in the community recognizes the dangers Avhich tlirea'en to overwhelm and auriiliiliato his country, and resolves like a her > to give his whole property and his whole soul to the great and sacred cause in which his country is involved, then we must triumph—then our thig will once more float as tree as the air that waits its folds over the bat tlefield—then, like Robert Bruce, we shall be rewarded for all our toils, for all our vigils, for all our suffering in difense of all that man holds most dear, iu vindication of all that wo men love, and men adore. Hopeful Lessons from History. —Our people are too much disposed to yield to despondency under temporary reverses. If they would hut look about them, a study of the past would show thsin striking exemplifications of the ad age that ‘'the darkest hour is lust before day.” The following instances collated by the Rich mond Dispatch, should nerve us with new en ergy and courage for the encounter with tbo hosts of the enemy : Read the life of Alfred IheGreat, with a map of England open before you, and observe how much of that country was occupied by the Danes. Yet, after fifty great battles, he succeeded iu recovering all that they laid occupied under tlio vain hope th it they had conquered it. Or read the history of Henry V. and Henry VI, of Eng land, with the map of France open before you, and see how much of that country was occupi ed by the English, and how they were dispos sessed of every inch they had conquered, ex cept Calais. Or read the memoirs of Freder ick the Great, with the map of Germany before you, and see how little of his kingdom lie re tained at one time, and liow he finally resumed it all. Or read the history of the .fiivt Ameri can Revolution, and notice the amount of ter ritory held by the British armies, and how they finally gave it all up. »Lastly, read the history of Spain, from 1808 to 1814, with the map be fore you. See how much of it the French over run, what tremendous iorces they employed to preserve their acqftiisitiorts, and how-they were eventually compelled to abandon the whole Pe ninsula. , With those examples, and they are only a few out of scores that might be cited, who can believe that the Yankees can hold their acqui sitions in the South ? The thing is impossible if Ave object to it and take the proper means to defeat it. Subjugate a country embracing eight hundred thousand square miles ! The veiy dis tances are sufficient to defeat them. Ore it as their forces may be, they are not unlimited.— They cannot strengthen one army without weakening another. They cannot hold our country at once, an-* whenever they weaken themselves at any one point, they run the risk of defeat. They must, sooner or later, tind that they are masters only of the ground they camp on, and that military occupation is a very dif ferent thing from subjugation. A Sensible View. —The New York World in Commenting on President Davis’ late message takes the following sensible view of the poirk tion of affairs : Whoever infers from this gloomy message that the rebels are about to give up, draws a conclusion which events will disappoint, and which careful reflection on the message itself should suffice to confute. If the rebels had any thought of surrender, they would not thus j turn their Confederacy inside out for inspec tion. If they considered negotiations for sub mission within the range of possibility, it would be I heir cue to' conceal their weakness, in the hope of thereby obtaining more favor able terms. These bold confessions areainong the most painful proofs of undaunted and in vincible determination which the rebel chiefs have ever given.” Confederate Tax tx Georgia.. —E. G. Ca binees, Collector of Confederate Max in Geor gia, furnishes the Macon Telegraph with the annexed account of the amount , rollecti and du ring the last four months: For September, $486,1-58.16 October,* 863.T5A.34 November, • 2.2'35,055,-5“ December, 2,434.338,; 3 Total, $6,019,047,20 Conversation between Pi jkets.— The follow in g compensation occurred l*?tween two op|K>- ; si op pickets in front of Cha ;t»nooga a few days j since: • Yankee Picket—‘'Hallo, Bob. we are getting j tired of this row. S'pose we put Old Abe aud Jeff in a pen and let 'em f ght it out?” Confederate Ticket—•< toul in’t think of it, Yank, but I’ll tell you w hat we will do—if be will only condescend to do it, we'll put uncle Jeff"s carriage drirer agi .inst Old Abe, and let the two Artisan eiiia ns of African descent tight it out,’ - ’ The Y’ankee picket *dried up. Capt. Ben. LajTe Po -ev. captur ed by the ene my at Missionary Rid ge, escaped from bis cap tore by jumpin .g 'fror.i the cars a few miles this side of N*sh\ die, and after fourhwn days of tramping and many hair-breadth esc.tpes, made his way back the Confederate lines' SoSETHINJ OCGHT TO AND XC3T EE DONE for our suffering soldiers in the field. In Geneis; Longstreet’s command alone, it is said that there are thousands of soldiers half clad and barefooted. Probably there are large nnmbeß in the same condition in our other armies. If these men were furr.ished with clothing to keep them warm, and shod properly, they would be worth three times their number of raw recruits, "i’is a shame —nay more, ’tis a crime, that our gillant soldiers are forced to suffer in this man ner. If our people were only as enthusiastic and as determined to gain their independence at present as they were at first, these things would not he. Now is the time for every good man and woman who areblesse 1 wi.fi comfort able homes to give substantial evideuees of their humanity and patriotism. This cold weather must also bring muck.suf fering upon the poor in our midst. Send them something to help them along. LB I’ i Kit FUO.ttTUK FUO.Vr. [SPECIAL (JOHUESPONDF.NCKCHRONICLE & SENTINEL.] Position of Affairs —The Furloutjh System Adop ted—7 he Commanders — Grant's Programme — The Difficulties in his Way — Longstreet's Posi tion— 'lhe manner in which the Ftderals are fed at Knoxville Wheeler's late Movements — Ea- movements of some of Grant's Troops Measures adopted lo bring back Absentees—The Weather,&c., dx., &c, Dalton, Ga., Jan. 1. 1863. AH is quiet along the lines in front. Cle burne, the brave Irishman, i3 there, and all will be well. It may not he improper to state that a sys tem of furloughs has been adopted in this ar my, in order that those of the troops who have not been home in a long time may enjoy that privilege now; affording to many an opportu nity ot seeing to the comfortable location of their families for the winter. One man in ev ery thirty for duty is granted a furlough. Upon Gen. Johnston assuming command, Gens Hardee and Cheatham iiave returned to their respective commands. (Jen. John K. Jack, son, who has been in command of Cheatham's division since the departure of Gen. Bragg, has taken charge of the brigade again. With John ston and Hardee lo manage the army it is to be imped that we shall be well prepared to meet Grant anil lii3 myrmidons when he advances next spring. The programme laid down by Grant appears very well in piint, but I am inclined to doubt its final success —if our people w ill only do their duty. The inaction of the enemy affords us excellent opportunities to be loreanned, in view ol tile warnings the Northern press is giving us. An advance on Grant's part is wholly im practicable, if not impossibly nt the present time. His supplies and means of transportation are too me a ;re to admit of a further march in to the interior of Georgia. Ilis depot of provisions is at Louisville. He is now busily employed in laying up stores at Chattanooga, which is to be the base of ope rations lot tlie Spring campaign. Ho must ne cessarily have a very large army to hope for success, for the reason that the long line of railroad between Nashville and Chattanooga as well as the latti r place, will be constantly exposed to the raids of our cavalry. .He will be obliged to leave largo bodies of tro.nps to guard the rear, whilst other troops will L'e re quired to protect the wagon trains engaged in carrying food to the army in front, from Chat tanooga. Theso are important difficulties to the enemy, and advantages to us, provided al ways we improve the time. Report places Longstreet's forces within four teen miles of Knoxville— having possession of the Cumberland Gap road, thereby cutting olf the enemy’s supplies from that direction. Fed eral commissary and other supplies are brought to Chattanooga by rail, and from thence to Knoxville by wagons. Wheeler vas despatched after a wagon train going to Knoxville from Chattanooga not long since, but failed to capture it—regarding an attach upon the train as impolitic, a a heavy infantry escort attended it. Dame Rumor says Grant has sent a great many of his troops to .Savannah and Charles ton, where they are to operate under Botnbas tea Q. C. Gillinore, until the Spring birds re joice. Our duty is to be’ prepared at all points. Measures are still in operation to bring back to the army all absentees, An order has been issued calliug.for the names e£. the absent ; by whose authority; when last heal'd from; where they were when heard from ; ; the name of the nearest Post Surgeon, and Enrolling officer. This Avill enable the Comm: aiding General to lay his hand upon every man. who is away from his command. The troops are all housed, now. and doing very well. Speculators are to be found in the army as well as oiU of'.'it. ferae soldier is cou stantly stopping at -the-.door of my hut — I should have said house for the boys object to its being called SO —with .tire query, “Do you wish to purchase some;• good "tobacco,. gents.” “Like to buy some goobciiT this morning, or go and ginger cakos,’’ made ou-f of molasses, wa tet and poor Hour, with “nary sliortning.” If you happen to pens any command than your own, a thousand questions are put to you in rapid succession.. “Wljat , reg ment do you'uns belong t: >?’’ “Have you a chaw of to bacco?” “No, but I* have soinc of the best .rosin you ever put your teeth on.” Self-seating envelopes are at a jiTemiumup here. You can see the- jiinc trees well.blazed about the camp, from whence the men abstract rosin with which to seal'thek' letteis. The weather has been on the fence - for the last three days—trying* alternately to. sleet, snow and lain, neither of which it j|ps been able to do up to the present writing. By the way,. what has bi'ccine of- tlie pota toes which have, been turned;’ over to the gov ernment lor the use of the troops? About two pounds of potatoes are' issued to the men per week. *'■’ '- Lorainb. Stanton and R< Isrcb Cincinnat Enquirer explains tbej reasonwhy-. Rosecrauz was removed in the/fcllowjng mimicf’.p • When Stanton tt e j&cretaty ;of War-, made his late rapid trip fr.o’nj Washington to Louis ville. the following incident took’ place at night on the Indiana R? The tram on which Stanton was travf ling was'switched tiff to al low another to press; The Secretary was indig nant at the delay, ahd'slipped out into tlie mud, which exasperated him more, and 'taking the conductor by the llroast.jie.sjiook him and de manded his reason fpr-sfogpin g. • The Western man dkbi t;' linderstand that way of asking a question;.so he drew back a heavy wire bound lamp’and'threatened to de molish the Secretary"!f he did not lei go. One of Stanton's clerks stepped -rip-and informed him that the great turn he Use J bo unceremoni ously was the Secretary .of .War, expecting to j see him drop into ahe_ groyn'd ■ after-'su ch an j nouncement. Bus the conductor- replied that he didn't care a fig'wlto-heava's” .- A. tall, big boned Hoosier brakes ma'n..’heqTiiig the conver ' sation and fearing t hist; chief, the comttglor, would need help, stepped jip. '• ' ’ “Is your name Stantoa ?';_ .• ’• “Yes.” replied the'tfecretairy. : “Are you the Secretary of War ?” “Ye*’’ •’ “Well, stranger,” replied,the brakesman, “if you had been in such a hurry to reinforce Rose eranz when you knew he w‘as overwhelmed by numbers as you areto.reach Louisville, the Gen eral would not have been checked at’ Chicka mangfe” - ... The Secretarv rtisfied into his car, and being a man of small’ things; lip r«xm>ved t ßosecranz to be revenged on the btakgjm an, '‘ %■. . ' —^ — Ti.mb Stoss Po£TflY.-.-The following is from a tombstone, in a retirtft a*d shady nook, about some twenty five miles from the ever memora ble battle-field bf' ; Wjterlpq : ; Hefe lies the bones of Alexander Macpher son. He was a mdst extrapdip’ary person : He yms Mdw *, ; 4t Waterloo ; " The BnHet j ;’\Vent in his Gullet, And came out at'the back of his neck I” An Irishman once,wrote upon a tomb: Here lies two little children dear, One in Ireland and the Other one her# GEN. MORGAN’S K§ APK FROM FRIsOA. a thbtlusq description or ms \i.ventures. A special correspondent of the Richmond Enquirer, writing from Danville, Va , under date of January 2d, gives the following thrill ing acc Hint ot Gen. Morgans &dveiiiurc3 in making his escape from the Ohio Penitentiary : The prison is one of the strongest, either in this country or Europe, as I can a personal inspection, and few men would have the courage to attempt to get out Irom such a pl a ,-e, even if ibeie were no other obstacle than the walls to overcome; but when it is rc-mem bered that there wore three lines of sentinels to pass. Besides bull dogs, we can lint admire the determination which could resolve, and the fertility of res uri e which could sueeessfully uccoinplisb such a vast, undertaking. On the 2(«tli day of July Gen. Morgan, with others of his officers, was taken to tl e peniten tiary. He was first carried into the ‘‘Scouring room - ’ and ordered to divest himseli ot 1 1 is clothing, each article being carefully searched .as he laid it aside. He was next ordered into a ‘’large hogshead of water and severely scrubbed by a convict. During all this time he was sub jected to the vulgar gaze of a large number ol pec pie, who were attracted by curiosity to see the “great chief.” This being over he was ta ken into the Shaving room and required to take a seat, and then commenced the barberizlng process. While this was going on, Col. Cluke and Dr. Steel came in and exclaimed in great surprise. “Mv Heaven, General, wlmt are you having yourself so disfigured, for?” He very mildly and pleasantly replied: “Wait a few moments, gentlemen, and you will see;” and sure enough they did. From he,e lie was po litely conducted to his : oom, which consisted of a narrow cell, four and a half feet wide and eight feet long. The grated door was closed, and he now recognized his awful condition : a prisoner in the lramls of barbarians—he who had ever been lenient, bordering o i weakness : lie who had time and again released their offi cers, allowing them to retain their horses and side arms, and even furnished their privates with money to defray their way home, scrub bed, shaved, and locked in a felon’s cell. Like a true philosopher, equal to any emergency, he met his fate cheerfully, urging his comrades till the time to prudence and fortitude, remarking quietly, “that their time would come; though l.Me, it would surely come.” By his prudence and amiable deportment, he so won the good feeling of some of the subaltern attendants that they were disposed to treat him kindly and do small favors for him. Alter a few days of sol itary confinement, ho and his officers were al lowed to walk in the passage way, on which their ceils opened. The cells consisted of two long rows of holes in the walls, one over the other. They opened into a passageway, twelve feet wide and ninety feet long. Every morning at six o’clock, they were turned into the passageway and allowed to communicate with each other, and at four o’c’ock were again locked up. Immediately on the outside of the wing of the building in which they were confined, was a wall twenty feet high, separating them from the female de partment, and on tne outside of this depart ment was another wall, thirty-five feet high, with a large over-hang upon which the senti nels walked their beat. On the ground, be tween the inner ahd outer wall, a chain of sentinel? was distributed, another on the outer wall during tlio day, but at night were trans ferred to the ground on the outside. Last, and most difficult to elude, was the sentinel who entered the piison at all times during the and >y, and at stated intervals of two hours during the night, to see that everything was going on well. When the determination to escape at all haz ards was fixed upon, the first thing was to get hold of some implements to work with. So the General got sick and was obliged to have his meals brought to him in his room and 'at convenient opportunities his plate went back minus a ease-knife. When a sufficient number had thus been procured, his biave comrades went to work. Separate holes.had to be made, j>.H they were confined in separate ceils. Their bedsteads were smalt iron stools fastened to the wail with hinges. They could be hooked up or allowed to staqd on the floor; and to prevent any suspicion, for several days before any work was attempted, they mad ; it a habit to let them down and sit at their doors and read. Captain Hines superintended the work, while General Morgan kept watch to divert the attention of the sentinel whose duty it was to come around during the day and observe if anything was going on. One day tills fellow came in while Ilokersmith was down under the flo r boring away, and missed him, said : “ Where is llokeismith?” ’I he General repli ed, “ He is in my room sick,” and immediate ly pulled a document out of his pocket and said to him: “Here is a memorial I have drawn up to forward to the Government at Washington—what do you think of it?” The fellow, who, perhaps could not read, being highly flattered at the General's condescension, took it and very gravely looked at it for sev eral momenta before he vouchsafed any reply. Then handing it back, lie expressed himself highly pleased with it. In the meantime, Hoke,smith had been signalled and came up, professing to feel “ very unwell.” 'This senti nel was the most difficult and dangerous ob stacle iu their progress, because there was no telling at w hat time he would enter dnriug the day, at night lie came regularly every two hours to each cell, and inserted a light through tlie bars of their door to see that, they were quietly and frequently after lie had completed his iomuls, he would slip back in the dark with a pair of India rubber shoe-son, •to listen at their cells if anything was going on. Tlie General says that he would almost invariably know of his presence by a certain magnetic shudder which it would produce ; but for fear that this acute sensibility might sometimes fail him, he broke up small pai ti des of coal every morning and sprinkled it lie fore the cell door, which would always an nounce his coming. Everything was now ready to begin the work. So, about tlie latter part of October, they commenced to bore. All were busy—one making a rope ladder by tearing and -twisting up strips of bed-tick, another making bowie knives, and another'twisting up towels. 'lhey labored perseveringly for several days; and after boring through nine inches of cement, and nine thicknesses of brick placed edge-' wise, tin y began to wonder when they should reach the soft earth. Suddenly a brick lei 1 through. A chamber had been reached. It was immediately entered, and, to their great astonishment and joy, it proved to be'an ante chamber extending the whole length of the row of cells. Here was an unexpected interposi tion in their favor. Hitherto tlfey had been obliged to conceal their rubbish in their In d ticks, each day burning a proportionate quan tity of straw; now they had room enough for all they could dig. r I hey at once commenced to tunnel at right angles with this ati'e-cliatn ber, to get through the foundation; and dav after day they bored, day after day tiie blocks ol granite were removed, and still the work before them seemed interminable. After twenty-three days of unremitcing labor and getting through a granile wall of six feet in thickness, they reached the soil. They tunneled up for some distance, and Vglit began to shine. This was the morning ot the 10th day ot November, 1863. The next night at twelve o clock, was determined on as the hour at which they would attempt their liberty. Each moment that intervened was Idled with dreadful anxiety and suspense,,and, each time the guard entered increased their apprehen sions. Jhe General says he had prayed for rain, but the morning of the 27th dawned br.ghtand beautiful. The evening came, and clouds began to gather. If rain should only begin their chances of detection would be greatly lessened. While these thoughts were passing through their minds the keeper enter ed with a letter far Gen. Morgan. He opened it, and what was his surprise, and I may say wonder, to find it to be from a poor liish wo man ot his acquaintance, in Kentucky, com mencing, “My dear Ginral. I feel certain you are going to try to git out of prison, hut for your sake don’t you try ir, my dear Ginral. You will only he taken prisoner again, and made to suffer worse than you do now.’ 7 The letter then went on to speak of his kindness to the poor when he lived at Lexington, and con cluding by again exhorting him to trust in God and wait his time. What could this mean? No human being on the outside had been informed of his attention to escape, aud yet just as all things were ready lor him to make the attempt here comes a letter trorn Winchester, Kentucky, advising him not to ••try it.” This letter had passed through the VOL. LXXVIII. —NEW SERIES VOL. XXVHI, 0. 3 ! examining office of General Mason, and then | through the hands of the lowe.r officials. Vt hat I it it should excite their suspicion and cause j them to exercise an increased vigilance. Their ! situation, however, wr.s desperate. Their fate could not be much worse, and they resolved to go. Nothing now remained lo be done, lent for the General and Col. Dick Morgan to change cells. The hour approached for them to tie : locked up. They changed coats, and each ; stood at the other’s cell door, with his back : exposed, and pretended to be engaged in mak ing up their beds. As the turnkey entered, they “turned in" and pulled their doors shut. Six, eirrlit, ten o'clock came, llow each pulse throbbed as they quietly awaited the approach of twelve! It came; tire sentinel passer! his round—all wqjl. After wailing a lew moments to see if he intended to slip back, the signal was given—all quietly slipped down into the air chamber, first stuffing their flannel shirts and placing them in bed as they were accus tomed lo lie, As they moved quietly along through the dark recess to the terminus where they were to emerge from the earth, the Gene ral prepared to light a match. As the lurid glare fell upon their countenances, a fecnv was presented which can never lie forgotten. TUtere wer# crouched seven brave men, who had re solved to he free. They were armed with bowie knives made out of case knives. Life in. their condition was scat cely to he desired, and the moment for the desperate chance had arrivi and. Suppose, as they emerged from the ground, that the dog should give ihe alarm— they eouhl but die. But few moments were spent in this kind of apprehension. The hour had arrived, out they came. Fortunately, yes, providentially, the night had suddenly grown dark and rainy ; the dogs had retired to their kennels and the sentinels had taken refuge under shelter. The inner well, by the aid of the rope ladder, was soon scaled, anil now the outer one had to he attempted. Capt. Taylor—who, by the way’,is a nephew of old Z rck —being a very active man, by the assistance of his comrades, reach ed the top of the gate, aud was enabled to get the rope over the wall. When the top was gained, they found a rope extending ail around, which the General immediately cut, as lie sus pected that it might lead into the warden’s room. This turned out to be correct. They then entered the sentry box on the wall and changed their clothes, anil let thernsi lvcs down the wall. In sliding down the General skinned bis hand very badly, and all were more or less bruised. Once down, they separated Taylor and Shelton going One way, linker smith, Bennett and McGee another, and Gen M. and Capt. Hines proceeding immediately towards the depot. The General had, by pay ing fifteen dollars in gold, succeeded in obtain ing a paper which informed him of the schedule time of the different roads. The clock struck one, and lie knew by l urrying he could reach the down train for Cincinnati, He at once looked out to see if there were any soldiers on board and spying a Federal officer, he boldly wa'ked up and took a seat beside him. He re marked to him that, “astho night was damp and chilly, perhaps he would join him in a drink.” He did so, and the party-soon be came very agreeable to each other. The cars in crossing the Scioto have to pass within a short distance of the Penitentiary. As they passed, the officer remarked, “There’s the hotel at which Morgan and his officers are spending their leisure,” “Yes,” replied the General, “and I sincerely hope he will make up his miud to board there during the balance of the war, for he is a great nuisance.” When the train leached Zenia it was detained by some accident more than an hour. Imagine bis anxiety as soldier after soldier would pass through the train, for feir that when tho senti nel passed his round at two o'clock, their ab sence might be discovered. The train was due in Cincinnati at six o’clock. This was the hour at which they were turned out of their cells, anil of course their escape would be then dis covered. In a few moments alter It Would he known all over the country. The train, Inly ing been detained at Zenia, won running very rapidly to m ike up the time. It was already past six o’clock. The General said to Captain llines: “It is after six; if we go to (he depot we are dead men. Now or never!” They went to tlie rear and put ou tlie breaks. “Jump, Hines! ’ Off he went, and fell heels over head in the mud. Another severe turn of the break, and the General jumped. He was more suc cessful, and lighted ,o ) his foot. There were some soldiers near, who remarked : “What do you men mean by jumping off' the cars here V The General replied : “Wliat is the use of my going into town when I jive here; and besides, what business is it of yours?” They went immediately to the river. They found a skiff, but no oars. Soon a little boy cmie over, and appeared to be waiting. “What are you wailing for?” said the General. “I am waiting f(p my load.” “What is the price of a load?” “Two dollars.” “Well, as we are tired anil hungry, wo will give you tiie two dollars, and you can put us over.” So, over betook ihem. “Where does Miss live?” “Just a short distance from here.” “Will you show me her house?” “Yes s r.” The house was reached; a tiue breakfast was soon .obtained, mouey and horse furnished. A good woman’s prayer bestowed, and off' he went. From there forward through Kentucky, everybody vied with each other as to who should show him the most attention, even to the negroes. lie re mained in Kentucky some days, feeling per fectly safe, and sending into Louisville for many little tilings he wanted. Went to Bards town, and found a Federal regiment had just arrived there, looking for him. Remained here and about for three or four days, and thenstruck out for Dixie, sometimes disguising hhnsell as a Government cattle contractor, and buying Jaige lots of cattle; at other times as Quarter master, until lie got to the Tennessee river. Here he found all nler.ns of transportation destroyed and tlie banks strongly guarded; but with the assistance of about thirty others, who had recognized him, and joined him in spite of his remonstrances, he succeeded in making a raft, and he and Capt. Iliues crossed over. His escort, with heroic self-sacrifice, refused to cross until he was safely over. He then hired a negro to get his horse over. The river was so high that the horse came near drowning, and after more than one hour’s smuggling with the stream, was pulled out so exhausted #s scarcely to be able to stand. The General threw a blanket on him and commenced to walk him, when suddenly, he says, he was seized with a presentiment that he would be attacked, and remarking to Captain Hines, “We will be attacked in twenty minutes,” com menced saddling his horse. lie had hardly tied his girth when “bang, bang,” went the minnie halls, lie bounced his horse and bounded off up the mountain. The last he saw.’of bis poor fellows ou the opposite side, they wefe disap pearing up the river bank, fired upon I y a whole regiment of Yankees. By this time it was dark and also raining. He knew that a perfect cordon of pickets would surround the foot of the mountain, and if he remained there until morning 1& would be shot. So ho determined to run the gauntlet at once, and commenced to descend. As lie neared tlie foot, leading his horse, he came almost in personal contact with a picket. His first impulse was to kill him, but finding him asleep lie deter mined to let him sleep on. He made his way . to the house of a Union man that he knew lived near there, and-went up and passed him self off as Captain Quartermaster of Hunt’s regiment, who was on his way to Athens, lenn., lo procure supplies of sugar and coffee for the Union people aif that county. The lady, who appeared to be asleep, while this interview was hiking place with her husband, at the mention of sugar and coffee, jumped out ot bed in her night clothes, and said: ThariX God for that, for we aint seen any ra c coffee up here for God knows how long. She was so delighted at the prospect that she made up a fire and cooked them a good supper Suppei bein'* over, the General remarked that he un der food some rebels had "tried to cross the river this afternoon. “V es, saidtne won . “but our men killed some un um,-and dnv th. rest back ” “Now.” says the G neral, ' I know Thai; but didn’t some of them get over “Yes ' was her reply, “hut they are on the mountain, and. can t get down without being killed as every road is stopped up. It is very important for me to get to Athens by U> moreow night or X may lose that sugar and coffee and lam afraid to go down any of these oD’fnr fear inv own men will kill me. The feir of losing that sugar and coffee brought j ~e r aea iu to an accommodating mood, and she replied : "Why Paul, han’t you show the Cap tain through our farm that road down by the field ” 'J he General says, “Os couise, I au), you can do it, arid as the night is Very cold, I will give you ten dollars in gold to help you along." The gold and the prospect oi sugar and coffee was too much for any poor man’s nerves and he yielded, and getting on a liovsee he took them seven miles to the big road. From this time forwaul lie had a series of ad ventures and escapes, all very wonderful, until he got near an’other river in Tennessee, when he resolved to co up to a house and find the way. Ilines went to the house, while the General stood in the road. Hearing a body of cavalry come dashing up behind him, lie quiet ly slipped to one side ot the road anil it passed by vt it hunt observing him. They vent yelling after Ilines, and, poor fellow, lie has not been heard of since, llow sad to think that he should either lie captured or killed alter so many brave efforts, not only in his own belialt, but also that of t-heGener.il, for. the General says that, it is owing chiefly to Mines’ enter prise and skill that they made their escape. When lie arrived lit the river referred to above, he tried to get over, intending to stop that night with a Southern man on the other side. He could not get over, and had to re main at the house of a l niun man. iiie next morning .he went to the house that he had sought iiie night previous, and found the track of the Yankees scarcely cold. They lord been there all night expecting he would come there, and had murdered everybody who hail at tempted to reach tie house without halting them. 111 pursuing this brutal course, they had killed three young men, neighbors of this gentleman, and went away leaving their dead bodies 011 the ground. After lie had crossed Obey’s river, and got VJovvn into Middle Tenneesee, he found it al ; asost impossible to avoid recognition. At one ticie he passed some poor women, and one of lire;;! commenced clapping her hands and said, “(*, I know who that is ; I know who that vs’’’but catching herself, site stopped short aud passed on with her companions. - The General says that Ids escape was made ent irelv without (lie assistance from any one on the outside, and, so far as be knows, also with out their knowledge oil his intention ; that the annoi:.ncemeiit of bis arri val at Toronto, was one of those fortuitous coincidences that can not be accounted for ; that it assb/ed him ma terially. no doubt. The above account may be relief on as .cor rect—and, although much has been left out, 1 yet enough is printed to stamp it as one of the most remarkable escapes in history. Charles La-mb's Eccentricities —Charles Lamb is cosily dnmesticated by the heart's fire side of bis readers. - S ich wit, such humor, such imagination, such intelligence, such sentiment, such kindlines, such heroism, all so quaintly mixed and mingled, and stuttering out in so freakish a fashion, ahd all blending so finely in that exquisite eccentric something which we call the character of Char les Lamb, make him the most lovable of wri ters and men. His essays, the gossip of crea tive genius, are of a piece with the records of his life and conversation. Whether saluting his copy of Chapman’s “Homer” witli a kiss, or saying a grace before reading Milton—or going to the theatre to see bis farce acted, and joining in the hisses ol tiie pit when it latis— or sagely wondering if the Ogles of Somerset were not descendants of King Lear—or telling Barry Cornwall not to invito a lugubrious gen tleman to dinner because bis face would cast a damp over a funeral—or giving as a reason why he did not leave off smoking, the difficul ty of finding an equivalent vice, or striking into a hot, controversy between Coleridge and Holcrpft, as to whether man as he is, or man as he is to be, is preferable, and settling tlie dispute by saying, “Give me man as heis not to bo”—or dt.iug some deed of kindness and love, with teats in his eyes and a pun ou his lips—lie.is always the same dear, strange, delightful companion and friend. He is never —the rogue—Avithout a scrap of logic to as tound common sense “Mr. Lamb,” says the bead clerk at the India House, “you emu. down very late in the morn?” “Yes, Sir,” Mr. Lamb replies, “but then you know I go home very early in the afternoon.” And then with what htiinoious extravagance he expresses his peev ishness at being confined to such woik— with curious ingenuity running his malediction on commerce all along its linos of influence. “Con tusion blast all mercantile transactions, all traffic, exchange of commodities, intercourse between nations, all the c.iusequentcivilization tion, and w, aitli, and amity, and link of soci ety, and getting rid of prejudices, and knowl edge of the face of the globe ; and rot all the firs of tlie forest, that look so romantic alive, and <lie into desks.” It is impossible to cheat this frolicsome humorist with any pretence, any exaggerated sentiment, anyjof the do-me goodisSis of well meaning moral feebleness.—■ A lady sends him “Coelebs in Search of a Wife,” for bis perusal and guidance. He re turns it, with this quatrain wiitten on a fly leaf, expressing|the|sliglit disagreemenljhetween his views of matrimony and those entertained by Miss Hannah More :, “If ever I many a wife, I’ll marry a landlord’s daughter, And sit in tlie bar all day And drink cold brandy and water.” If he thus slips out of controversy, by mak ing the broadest absurdities the vehicle of the finest insight, his sense and enjoyment of ab surdities in others rises to rapture. The non sensical ingenuity of the pamphlet in which his friend, Capol Loflit,’took the ground that Napoleon, while iu tiie hands of the English, might sue out a writ of habeas corpus , threw him into ecstacies. And not only has he quq s and quirks and twisted words lor all lie secs and feels, but, he has the pleasantest art of making his very maladies interesting by trans muting them into jests. Out of the darkest depths of the “dismals” fly some of his hap piest conceits. “My bedfellows.” he writes to Wordsworth, “are cough and cramp. Wesleep three in a bed.” * “How is it.” he saj'S, “that I cannot get lid of this cold ? It can’t be from a lack of care. I have studiously been out all these rainy nights until twelve o’clock, have had my feet wet con stantly, drank copiously of brandy to allay in flammation, and done every thing else t* cure it and yet it won’t* depart”—a sage decision, worthy of that illustrious physician wfco told his patient that if he had no serious drawbacks he would probably be worse in a week. To crown all, and to make the character perfect in its winning contradictions, there bi ats be ueath the fantastic covering and incalculable caprices of the liumoiist the best heart in tlie world, capable ol courtesy, of friendship, of love, of heroic self-devotion and uuostentious sell-sscrillce. Press Copyright. —Col. Thrasher, Superin tendent of the Associated Press, sends us a priuted letter to the Hon. Lucius J. Gartrell, from which we learn that a movement lias been set on toot in the House to exclude the press reports from the benefits of copyright. Al though tliis is new, it is scarcely surprising, for the copyright was a, fell blow, to some of that numerous class of mortals who cannot distin guish between meum and luum, and wish to speculate and fatten on other people's proper ty. Col. Thrasher has correctly and plainly stated the whole case in his letter to Mr. Gar trell. and we should he doing the Confedera.e House of Representatives gross I'.juslice to sar.ssffsrs -sssKS& &ZtoSSTJShT ofth e e ffiiflyprei 1 ' and itsexclusimia are only such as aremecessa rv to confine its operations to a Ugitimate sphere and prevent the news from being made valueless to its members, and its members from preying upon each other. To say that its news mavbe published outs.de a daily pi ess-posted in public houses, clubrooms and barber shops, or printed in circulars, is to say that the daily press sHStI cease to exist, and to use its labor, enterprise and capital as a weapon to break its head. To deny copyright, would he to refuse protection to the only extensive investment in the way of literary labor in the whoU country, while it is cheerfully conceded to tlnMuthor of a love story, a song book or a piimer. The st itement of the superintendent will place Con gress in possession of the facts, and beyond them we really cannot think there is any ne cessity for saying m ;ie. —Macon Telegraph. Mr. Moses Wright, a citizen of Cherokee coun ty, Alabama, now iu the Confederate army, lias donated one thousand bushels of cairn to he dis tributed among the indigent families who live in six m les of his residerce, according to the necessities of each family. Revolution in Naval Artillery.—Thu great gun, which has been for some months in course of construction for the Federal navy by- Mr.. John Ericsson, reached New York a few days ago, and is now at one of the iron works, Wing prepared for service. It is one of the most marvellous inventions of the tiffie, and, if successful, will revolutionize naval ord nance. Mr. Ericsson contracted, some time since, to construct some thirteen smooth bore guns, which are to have a much greater initial velocity than any now in use. He is to receive notiiing for them unless they burn over titty pounds of powder; for every pound of powder beyond titty, Mr. Ericsson is to receive si>ooo. lie is confident of being able to burn one hun dred pounds, and is certain of burning seventv tiv«; pounds. The solid shot will weigh 220 pounds. The English sixty-eight pounders (of 12.500 pounds,) said by his royal highness the Duke of Cambridge to be the most powerful gun in tiie English service, withs ixteen pounds of powder—nearly one-fourth of the charge- has an initial velocity <sf INOO feet per second: and therefore a punching power against iron plates of 27.500,000 pouuds. The rilled guns, with charges of one-tenth ■to one-twelfih of tiro shot, and the fifteen-inch gun, with charge of thirty five pounds to its shot of 425 pounds, have velocities varying from 1200 to 1400 feet per second. Tiie 300-pounder Parrot has, therefore, a punching power of 42,000,000 pounds, and the fifteen-inch gun of 55,500,100 pounds. The new gun, with seventy-live pounds charge—one third of the weight—will have as great a velocity as the sixty-eight pounder, and its punching power will be 65,- 000.000 pounds, or exactly double that of the English gun. With 100 pounds of powder its velocity should be raised to 2000 feet, and its punching power will be (18,000,000 pounds. It will thus lie by fay the most formidable gun yet constructed. The great superiority of Out new guns to those in nse by foreign powers will readily be noticed. — N. Y. Paper. eOXFEDEUATK STATES GONURESS. SENATE —JAN. 4. The followm" resolution was adopted: Resolved/That the of lay before the Senate a statement allowing tne amount of property and credits that liave been taken possession of under the laws of seques tration and confiscation: what amount is in judgment, unsold and uncollected; what amount in money has been realized in the sev eral States of the Gonlederacy and paid into the Treasury; where the balance, if any, which, being collected by the vaiious receivers, has not yet been paid into the Treasury, and what is the amount of proper.y and creditß still in litigation, ami where such litigation is pending. Ihe memorial of a number of Dental Sur geons (Jf ten years’ practice, asking exemption from military service, was referred. The Committee on Military Affairs reported back adversely the resolution for the appoint ment of Chaplains for battalions in the army. Laid on the table. The Judiciary COuimittcff reported back tho bill to provide for the auditing and payment cf certain claims in the State of Mississippi, ivith a recommendation that it pass. The same committee reported back with an amendment the House bill to prohibit dealing in tlie paper currency of the enemy. The Senate went into executive session. HOUSE. Tlie Speaker announced the joint resolutions from tlie Senate of thanks to Gen. li. E. Lea and officers and soldiers of his command. Tho rules were suspended and tho resolutions passed, unanimously. A bill was introduced to repeal certain ex emptions from military duty now itllowod by law, of persons between the ages of 18 and 45 years, and excepting exemptions for disability, and persons holding office in or under Uio Con federate and State Governments, or employed in State Ordn-jniw Departments, Ministers of the Gospel, and State troops, as now allowed by law. Tlie Military Committee reported a bill to Ixi entitled “An Act repealing and regulating fu ture exemptions from military service.” The bill was made tlie special order for every other morning until disposed of. The following joint resolutions were, after some discussion, referred to a select Com mittee : Resolved by tho Congress of tlio Confederata States, That the present is deemed a fitting oc casion to remind the. people of tho Confederata States that they are engaged in a struggle for the preservation, both of liberty and civiliza tion, and no sacrifices of life or fortune can ba too costly which may be requisite to secure to themselves and their posterity the enjoyment of theso inappreciable blessings, and also to assure them that, in the judgment of this Con gress, tlie resources of the country, if develop ed with energy, husbanded with care, and ap plied witli fidelity, are more than sufficient to support the most protracted war which can bo necessary to wage for our independence ; and to exhort them, by every consideration whiih can influence freemen anil patriots to a mag nanimous surrender of all personal and party feuds ; to giro an indignant rebuke to every exliib tion of factious temper in whatever quarter or upon whatever pretext it may be made ; to a generous support of all branches of the Government in the legitimate exercise of their constitutional powers; and to that harmonious, unselfish and patriotic co-opera tion which can alone impart to our causa tlie irresistible strength which springs from Ull ted couiiseis, li'turißUl JCfUHgK, ttlltl lCiYoup devotion to the public weal. The House went into secret session on tho special order, which was tbo report of tha special Ci mmittee on the currency. SENATE—JAN. 5. A bill was passed declaring lhaf the farmer and planter is not required to puy to the Gov- • eminent one tenth of his straw of wheat, rye, oats, rice or barley, or of tlie shucks or stalks of his cornjcrop. Joint resolutions of thanks to Major \an Borck, of Prussia, Adjutant and Inspector General of the cavalry of the army ot North ern Virginia, were adopted. ’The Judiciary Committee reported back ad versely the bill to prevent hoarding, specula tion and extortion by persons capable of rnili tary duty. Ordered printed. The same committee, reported back, with tha recommendation tha'. it pass, the bill to pro vide a mode of auditing and authenticating claims against the Government. The bill was placed upon tlie calendar. Tlie Committee of Finance was instructed to enquire into the expediency ot repealing tha clause of the assessment act which requires Assessors to be over forty-five years of age. A bill was introduced and referred to autho rize the issue of ci rtain bonds for payment to the Alabama and Florida Railroad. After secret session, tlie Senate resumed con sideration of the hill of the Military Commit tee to organize forces to serve during the war. Oii motion it was postponed to the following day, an.l made the special order for halt-put* 12 o’clock. HOUSE. The Military Committee reported a bill to in crease the efficiency of the army by employing negroes, free and slave, iu the army in ceilain capacities, such as wagoners, cooks and nuisea and attendants at the hospitals, &c. Ordered printed and placed on the calendar. The bill proposing to conscribe and put into the military service Marylanders and other cit izens of the United Static, and foreigners, was taken up. After some di-cussion cn the bill, the House went into secret session. senate—-Jan. C. The following resolution was adopted : Resolved, That the Committee of Military Affairs inquire into the expeciency of an act to reform the system of enrollments, and particu larly of an act to fix some limitation ugon the class of persons, or officers, who may tie ap pointed or assigned to positions of enrolling of ficers, and to prescribe by whom to be selected or assigned, and to limit the length of time during which any such officer shall he allowed to serve over one and the same district, county or heat, and establi.-Ji some rule or regulation by which an inspector of enrolling distr eta may be appointed lor separate States or sections, and regulations by which such em oiling officers shall ho restricted in the number of men placed in their provost guard. A bill was introduced to suspend tlie writ or habeas corpus in all cases involving the right of the government to require military serrico from all persons who have furnished substitute!