Newspaper Page Text
.vf HC & L. L .iNEOUjri.
Biography of fame of the Signers of Hu
Declaration of l*Hrpendtnu.
T ic tallowing brief skolcb.es ate Jb
straclo I ftotn biographical noltcOtTOfthirfoa
three mu of the filiy-ri* »ig. «r» «t llta
D ctnratioa of Independence : of «»weel
th. Miiers, Hancock, Hie Adamses, Jeffsr-
too Franklin, Chase, Ate. their Me* aud
c hI. icier* me familiar 10 ev*jr reader of
Anwirimn Histon.
Chancellor WvTitE.of VirgHtta; u law
yer; i i dgo <>l 'bo peroii morals'and
deepest learning; idle and dissipated un.il
thi. y ydars of uge, wliou he first applied
' iimiolf io Utr; bo preceptor of Jwuorehii
Geensc fit .d, of Delawnre-'-'tin cm-
inem lawyer, lit* biography is ample,
ioiccs inj am! auihenlic.
WiluaXi 'Williams, of Conftoticei—
OtiRi.wiiy «- Town Clerk, bm liberally
• etlu't iien—fhnn an upright and bimevoleui
4nerciiaiil} sn'iificed tho greater part of
Ins cams io' >ho public service.
Sahum, Huntington, ofCottneticut;
- a niine ploughman until histwcriiy-secpiid
y. afterward* ail eminent lawyer; Free-
of Congress; Chiof jllltico of ills
Si ite, »nd Governor. Hi*'biography cit
n 7«, Floyd, nf New York; a farmer;
a gou.iral; enjoyed alritge share of state
boiui' *.
Gw.rob Walton,, of Georgia—ort
gin illy .>n,apprentice tp a ca.pentor, in
Virginia; aclf educated to thflaw; a colo
nel; wounded in b mle» twice Goveruor
of Georgia; Chief Justice; a Senalor ot
the United State-.
Georoe Clvmf.h, of Pennsylvania—
a merchant, fend of literature; a torse,
nemeotious p-ritci: an efficient and honor
ed patriot. His btogJMphy full and inter-
•sting, Inn diffusive.
. . “ goodness Iris delight,
Wisdom hi* wealth, and glory hi* reward.
Benjamin Kush, ns • puysictan and
an tmihor omni lauit cianulatui: the most
c. icbralbd of the Aimwicnti faculty t dis
tinguished uIso for his political connexion
- und labor*.
Mai-heW TnoaNToN, "of Ni-w Hamp-
; shin—. siiccesafhl piactitioiter ol medi
-nil irmv-surgeon before tho Revolution;
a I'ics!dent of <he provincial Convention;
it Judge iv 1 ' the Supreme Court: a-tman
• of wtt ti'id humor—coni lined to pradtico
physic while a judge, wrote political es-,
says for, tho newspapers, and prepared a
mero physical work for puldication, after
he was eighty years of age—died ill his
eigh t ttin hyear.
W'LLtAH WeirPLt, of New Hamp
shire—originally a cabin boy nnd sailor—
u captain ill the-ege of 21, then a ntor-
chant; .i general, who fought with Gnus,
and clsewiii'iee-ranged thn capitulaiiott of
B ugoyoe—u Jtkigo of the' Superior
Court. •• A* a sudor,” says tit*: B.uvra-
phv, “ tie spi'.-dHi Hituliieil the highest
rank in ins profession—as a merchant, ho
nuts circumspect unit indnsti tie.* - an a
Cnngressninii, he w aft mandli- trie**—a*
u its;.-I . or, he was huneat and able—as
a com n iiiderf he-wn* coo,I old courageous
—as jodgu, i" was dignified and impar
tial - i* a 01 idler ol m-uiv subordiiiain
offi "*, Ite w i* ileil amt pci .severing. He
bn.II Iilldtis homo* wills modesty mid pro
pi lie V.
,D . JniiN WrrnenSP on, of New Jer-
guy—"it etnmedi nnd onitound divihp—
President jif Nassau Hoil Colleger—a po
litical wri'er ol force and talent*!—a state-
nun of great influence and energy. His
biog. oiiy is ant|de and instructive.
■ Rohkrt Monbis, of Pimnsylvania; a
mei ehsnt—the unrivalled ^financier of the
Revolution—the pecuniary soul of the
cause, -Hit Biography, like that of oth
ers, imerlt compression, but it M interesting
and correct,
Abraham Clark, of Now Jersey; o
aurvevoi, a la.ivr .who gave graiuiious
connscL
'Francis Lewis, of New York; a
merchant and soldier before ihr Kevolu-
tion—very useful us a rebel—his fine estate
on-Long Island destroyed by the British,
und hit, wife carried off a prisoner—she
died soon after, from the ill treatment
which she experienced. He-tvas ruined
by thu part which lie-took on (he Ameri
can side—he died in thu ninetieth year of
bisegc.
John Penn, of North Carolina; unod-
Aica.ed in earlv life, became a lawyer, und
em-ncitt, liv npsimdlhv.
Jambs Wilson, ofPensvlvania; n law-
yoi ol rare capecev, nnd of surpassing
t acuities as a speaker and writer— tut rffi-
ciant political essayist—Hie principle ad-
w..,-*to of :hq Qoflstituttan hi 1737, in die
j'.oisylvicm Canventiyn— Prnfessor of
Ltw, <nd a Judge ol the Supreme Conn
of tn -Un oid State*. His Biography re
pine tv'uli valuable infoimu'ion and politi
cal an .Mote.*
Carter Braxton, af Virginia; a plan
ter— lecame a nwi-rhiut—lu-.tnll and died
of i li* oken lie ir
rJ.rllN Morton of Pensy'Vania; II Stir
vey 'r - Spanker ol the General Assembly
ot P'-usyivania—' J“dR" of itie Supicme
f n i ol the Cnuinto tvultli—t/ave the
ca-tii; .qo of tit* Points* Ivuitia D' legation
-foi .•••'Do rlar non of linlepondcuco—
origim.tli * plough hey,
Stephen Hopkins, nf Ramie Island—
u nl tin f finer, ant veyor, became Speaker
of the Assembly, Chief Justice, thmi Gov.
b/ivghdtngogdored sorasise* trafoverpUe I*
1 toe den rcsiued Spirit bf Mi. fitopUM.
I \YV iln-relore r.tste, that lor a number of
years previous, be bad been sgiesed Wjtb
a nervous nffoction, anil sriNni lie wrote nl
all, which was seldom, he Was compelled
to guile his right Knud with his left.’'
TunMA McKean, of Pennsylvania; a
.Jawyei orgies' abilities und ardeut .Rev
olutionary patriotism; Chief Justice ofihe
Cumm6awealib;6overoor; died at eighty-
three yews old. Hi* biography entirely
authentic; and replenished with iustruc-
live details.
James Smith, ofPensylvania; lawyer
'and survavot;-remarkable for fkcutious-
ness and -eccemriciiy; practised the law
for upwards oF 60-ydar«; died-a nonage-
arian. Hmr.nicln very pleasant.
- Tiiomab N«lson, of 'Virginia; educa
ted in Lngl'ind.an opulent planter, active
military oft'n-m; commander- in-chief'of the"
Virginia nidrtia, whom ho bravoly and
skilfullyiieadwl hi siege oftbe-York Town,
Governor of Virginia,-died in reduced
ciroumstances, linvmg made enormnus pe
cuniary sacrifices-to the Revolutionary
cause.
Joseph IIewes, of North Carolina; a
euccesshil oi.-irliant, bred n Quaker, died
when attending Congress 1779,
George Taylor, of Pennsylvania, on
•arriving sit America from Ireland, bound
himselffora term of ten years as a common
laboii-r, at tho iron works ut Durham, on
me Delaware, near Easton, was mad
clerk to the wotht, the pioprieior dying
ho espoused his widow, and finally became*
himself the owner of the whole, amassed
a large 'fortune, gpl into the provincial
assembly, a member ofbusin. ss. Nothing
is recollected ol him, in the vldu
Hy of bis residancs, than that “lie-Vas a
floe mao and a furious whig.”
John Hart, ot New Jersey, a farmer
surnnmod “honest John,” had never held
a public office, when he was chosen a del
ognte for Congress, his farm pillaged and
destroyed by'the llessisns, his biography
possesses a very peculiar interest, as a very
edifying illustmtion'-of she "aharacter nnd
course of an American'yeoman.
' Latvia Morris, of -New York, n 'gen
tinman farmer, a large lauded proprietor,
hit whole domain laid-waste olid ruined by
the enemy, Itnd threoigallant sons in the
field, the celebrated Gaverneur Morns his
half brdvher.
Wa.'Ellery, of Rhode Island—a
well educated lawyer, an early Revolu
tionary patriot, >• very useful member of
Congress thorughout the war. “Hoeften,”
says bis biographer, “spokr of it as an e-
vent n-lirctr many regarded'with ,we, per
hapsrwtltHincertuiaiy, but none with fear.”
He used to rnlaio that he placed bimsi-lf
betide the Secretary, Charles Thomp
son, aril eyed each delegate closely as he
iffixed hi* name to the document, and ho
saw dauntless resolution in every counte
nance. Ellery died without pain, at the
ige of ninety "three, silting upright in Ins
pari ia (ha debate, a oenator ii Coogres*,
a shrewd andready miter, s-bpefi dtba-
ter, a .modal of probity, dtscmMoa and
steadfastness, ss much ru.Mtsttd as nay
patriot of the times. IL* hiogtsghy is full
of ins! ruction, but prolta to ledioueaeM.
Tlteothnr signets are John‘Hancock,
William Hooper, Edward' 1 Rmledgn,
Thpiims lie, wafd, Jr., .Thomas Lynch,
Ji., Atibur Middleton, Samuel Chase,
William : Paea, Thomas Stone, Charles
Carroll, Richatd Henry Lee, Thomas
Jbffi-rton, Benjamin Harrison, Thom
as Liglutooi L>'0, Benjamin Franklin,
George Rust, Crcser Rodney, Francis
Hopkinson, Sunuel Adorns, Jolt. Adams,
Robert T: Paine, EKtridge Gerry.
Thus ends <i list of svonhies (bat only
onoofwhom turv ves,) which-will be held
in gratefnl recolksciiou to tile I most poster
ity—a roll of names to'which, for sicts
springing from disinictesuid patriotism,
the annals of the world furntah no purullcl.
bed nnd rending ’Ttllly’s Offices in thu
-Latin.
“Of ne, Uistempor, of no blast he diod.
.But foil like autumn fritil^hut mellow’d long;
F.v.ti wonder’d ut beenusd ho fills no sooner;
Fate seem'd to wigd him up fbr fmrec.iro years;
Yei freshly too lie oh twelve winters more;
Till, like ■ olook worn nut with rating time.
Tho Wheels ef we»ry life «t Inst stood still.”
J.YMAN Hall, ol Georgia; nu emigrant
f -fit Cnmiocticut; a woil trained physician;
4’USofnl mombor of Congress; made great
sacrifices Governor of Georgia 1763.’ .
•Ol vmr Wolcott, of' Connecticut;
n-trradun'e of Yale College; capiuio m
the army before the Uevolutimi; studied
medicine; a Major GciipimI of Militia, aid
ed in conquering Burgos up; n Judge, fili
ally Governor of Cnnnerticui.
Richard Stockton, of New Jersey;
an ncromplitllnd lawyer and scholar, un
rivalled at lha bar of his tnofession, trav
ailed with much eclat in Great Britian, one
of the Judges of tho Supreme CRurt in
New'Jersey, -embarked early and vehe
moody in the Revolution, surprised'nnd
captured by she enemy, and committed to
ihnvcoioniohjnil in New ' York, congress
directed General Washington to tnterlere
in his belmlf and threaten retaliation, Ids
lies) h impaired, hi* properly devastated,
died prematurely, of roraplicated afflic
tions, Occasioned by Ills patriotism.
Button Gwinnett, of Georgia;-orig-
inully a merchant, became a plantar, on
n'husiastic rebel, president of provinca!
council* killed in n duel with General
M’lutosh, in 1777, at the age ef forty-
five.
JoaiAH BAilTLRtT, of New Hampshire;
a sitccussful piactnitiher of 'medltine,
lendinc whig to his province, commanded
n regiment, lha Grst' who voted in Congress
for the Declaration, and the second who
signed it, chief justice of New Hampshire,
the Arst republican Governor of that
Stale.
PuiLir Livingston, of Now York; otto
of tlto committee pi five apiatimed to pre
pare the Declaration of ludependonco, a
graduate of Yale College, a prosperous
nnd honorad more hum, conspicuous mem
ber ot the provincial legislature, peuker,
diiid whdo'nttending Congress, m 1778, a
manvr to his pultltc r.eal.
R cdR &HCRUAN, of Connecticut, also
one of i lie coniiiiiltee of five, appre'ntiee to
a shoemaker; pursued the business' unlit
after he was twenty ItvoyeArs ofuga, 1 trav
elled on foot, with his tobls, ga heritig h
livelihood, nourished Ilia fiend bv various
reading, kept a country srdra, turued sur-
.or of Rhode Isl >nd; a man ad' sttnenor | veyor, ui)(>liedhimi 'll io the law, acq died
..- ii,e, and a.good uud successful tv.
u -I utii^aiished'msihi'iaatirJau uud N.uu-
rut T^tnloso'pher, though hi* etiiicuiiun was
tl.g.n, and n* member oi tlfce Atuertcan
P • iiMophic it Society. His signa.uro to
tit.. D-'dar lion iu tlto onlycrouked and
feeble one. “A* ti indicates," -sAys hi*
hiagiappfr, “a vor> tremuliios ' li tOtl, io
pi'rfect •onlrssi with the bold nnd pcomi-
twat writing of President Hancock, it'may
a practice und' fume, member ofthe cidour-
al assembly, member of the Albany Con
vention iif-iT34, Judge of the Superior
Court of Connecticut 23 years, ntemoet
of Congrese-I'rom the opening Of the first,
in 1774, down to the period pf his deal It,
in 1793, of g'oni authority and usefulness,
a member of the convention that framed
lie prestwit constitution .if the 'luitcd
States, took • considerable and mOuenttal
THE INDIAN WAR OVER.
Cdpy of a letter to the Eilitor of the
Globe, dated U. 8. Indian Agency at
Prairie da Chien, 3d Sef/iember, 1832.
F. P. ’Blair Esq.
Gear Air;—Thu Indian War is ovwr.
The celebrated leaderso.f the' hostile In
dians, Black Hawk and the Propht were
delivered to me at this place on the 28th
ull. by the Wninubagoes of my Agency
The day after Gun'ls. Scott aud Atkinson
left this place, I sent out two parlies of
Winnebagoes to-bring Bl irkTIawk, the
P'rot’hei and Niapope t . mb.—-They re
turned theiTih ult,,abou’10or II o'clock
Hild-delivoted the two first. The same
day I turned ihi-nt overdo Col. Taylor,
commanding Fort Crawford, nnd 'expect
to accompany them with a military escort
10 the Head Quarters ofGon. Scoit, ut
Rock Island, lit a dry or two
I am now waNiog iha return of an ex
press seut up (lie Mississippi, by which I
ex pec i to fecoivo about SO 1 , or CO more
prisoners, taken bv the. Imjlans. — Tlioro
ire now '48 in tlto tori, delivered to me by
t‘ie , Winueb«goe* of my Agency, and 1
have previously delivotrtl 'to General
Atkinson 43 prisoners taken by the SVin
ueb-igoes and A Meno<netieca,'
■ The InoiWkmt the hostih-Mndians enter
ed the limhs of my Agency, ’by crossing
the Wisconsin, with tho njdof alio Com
manding Officer ut litis fortv-I assembled
the Indians of my Agency, and otic mped
them before ray door, where they remain
ed unfihlie battle of the Mississippi, und
the rout ofthe Hostile Indians.
I hereby cover to you an account ol the
delivery Of Black Hawk und site Prophet
to- me.
'Your mttsi obedient's(frviihi.
JOS. M. STREET. '
Prailie tin Chieu, 27th August, 1832.
At 11 o’clock,to-day, Black Hawk and
tliePniphe-. were delivered in Gen. Jo
seph M. Street, by tho One-eyed Deconi
nnd Chnetnr. Wimfebugoes, belonging lb
his Agency. Many of the nffii eru front
the Fort were pie-cni. - It was ii moment
of much interest. The prisoners appeared
in a 'full dress of white-tanned drei-.kies.
Soon after they were seated, die One-
eyed Deroni rose up.'oud snid—
My Father—I now-stand betoieyou:
When we parted, I told you I would re
turn soOn; but I could not-conte'a ny soon
er. We have had to go a great distance,
[to the Dalle on the Wisconsin—above
ilio Portage.] ' Yotl si-o we have done
what you si'll! uslo do: llteso are the two
i hat vou-roid us to get— [pniirtiug to Black
'Hawk and the Piophei.J
My Falhor—Wn have done"what you
told us to do. We always do-what you
tell us. hrcmise we know it is for our good.
My Father—You told us to gel these
men, and it would be thn'emise of much
good to the Winnebagoes. Wo |iave
biooghl them; but ii has been very hard
for us to do so. That one, Mocatuuiish
ka-kackq,* was R gront way off.: You
told us to bring them to' you alive: we
have done so. If voiU )i!id' told us to
bring thoir heads alone, we would have
done so—and it would have been loss
difficult tiuin what we have done.
• My- Faihor—>W -deliver theso men to-
to -your hands. Wo could not deliver
them even to (mr brothers, the Warriors,
bm to you, because see know you, and be
lieve you rn-e our friend. 'We'wum you
tO'kestp thorn safe. •' If they are to be hurt
we dif not wish to wo it. IVuii until we
•ro gone, before it it dona.
-Mv Father—MAny'little birds -havo
been flying about our ears of late,-end we
thought they whispered to us that there
was evil intended for ut; but now we hope
these ovil birds 'will let our ears alone
My Father—We knew .you are our
friend, botnnse you tako our part; and
that is the reason we do wharyou tell us
to do.
My Father—You say you love your
red cirldren: we think we love you as
much, if itiit more than you'love us. We
huve confidence ill you, and you rely on us.
My F-nher—W'e'hitvo been promised
a great deAt'if We Would take these men—
that it would-do much good to our peo
ple. 'We now kope'to see wlinl-will bo
done for us.
My Failtor—We bavo come in'haste,
wn tire tired-a*d hungry. We not* put
these men into your hands; we have-doiib
all thin you told ns to do.
-Clteatar, a Winnebago -warrior then
said io Gen. Street—
My Father—I am young and do not
know Inn* to make speeches. This is the
second lime I ever spoke to you before
people.
Mv Father—I am do Chiat; I am no
ora'or; hut I huve been allowed to sjieak
ttivou. * >\ . r„
Mv -Tniher— If 1 shnuloxtot-xpeak ns
Wi ; ll ms oiliers, still you nntst Ksteo to me.
* Black Hawk,
My Father....Whoo you made tho
speech to the Chiefs' Waugh-Kort-Oe-
Cuni Carr-Hoana, the One Lw«t Deeont
and oilier* ’lother day, t was there. I
heard you. I thought what yen 'said to
them, you also said to me. - You said
if theaa two (pointing to Black Hawk
and'the Prophet) were tattoo by us and
broofM go you, there would never more
a black cloud hang over.your Witutoba-
goes.
My F«ther....Your words-entored info
my ear, Into my bruins, end into my heaft.
My Father—I left here that same night
and you koow you have not seen me since
until now.
My Father....! huve been* great way*;'
I have bad much trouble; but when i re
membered what you said, Tknew whnt
you said was right. This ntade-me con
tinue aud do what you told nth to do.
My Father-—Near the Dalle, on the
Wisconsin, 1 took Black Hawk. No One
did it-but me,.... I xay this in the ear* of
all-present, and they know it--and I now
appeal to the Great Spirit, our Grand
Father, and (he Earth oor Grand Mother,
for tho truth of what I say!
'My Father,...! urn no Cltinf, but what
I have done is for.tlio benefit of my uaiion,
and'I h >pe to see the good that has been
promised to us.
"Mv Father....That one, Wa-bo-kie-
shiek,* is my relation—-if lie is to be hurt
-I do not wish to sen ii.
• Tho Prophet.
Description of the • tioo distinguished
prisoners ( Black Hawk and the Prophet)
at tht time theyiocre delieereil to Gen.
Jos. M. Street, by a gentleman ttho teas
, present.
Black Hawk, a i’Otanatomio by birlh,
but raised by the Saukiet, appears to be
about BO yours old, bay ajAniall bunch of
grey hair on the crown of Ills head, the
rest is bare, has a high forehead, a Ro
man nose, a full motith, tiihich generally
inclines to be a little open, has a sharp
Chin, no eyebrows, hut a very, fine eye;
his head is frequently thrown hack on his
shoulders; ho is about .5 foei four or five
inches high; nt oresent he is thin and ap
pears much dejected; but now rtntl then,
lie assumes the aspect ol coinmtri)d. Tie
hold 'hi' his lefFhaad a white flag,'in tho
other the tall, with ihe beck skin, head and
beak-of the Calumet Etgle; with'this he
(rdqiiethly fans himself. Hi* Indian name
is Muscita-tnidVrita-kark.
The Prophet, a half ‘Saukie arid-half
Wini-ebugo, is about 40 years old, near
ly' G feet high; is stout and athletic; has a
large broad faco, short nose, large full
eyes; broad mouth, thick lips, with a full
suit of hair. - lie wore a white cloth ht-ad
dies*, which rose several iurhes above the
lop of hhrhead—the whole, man cxbibit-
ins <i deliberate savageness;- not that he
would seem to delight in honornble war,
or fight; but tuking him as <hp Priest of
assassination or secret murder. ' He had in
One hand-n While flag, while the other
hune rnretosely by his side. They were
both clothed in very while dressed deer
skins, fringod at tho seams with shortcut-
tings of the same. His Indian mime is
Wa ho-kie-shiek—(While Cloud.)
From tho N'ew-OHeans Deo.
Extract hf n letter from a respectable
merchant to his friend in thi* c"v, dated
“ flatamoros, Aog. 9,1833.
Santa Anna is shortly expected to wake
an attack. In the vicinity of HI (taco •-
boat 2600 men; from dillerent villages,
have pronounced ia favmr of the latter,
who stippMS no other Caen but that nf
Pedrsaa, 4|» ’CsuiiiilKsnsI
Two ibMa ot tiro atutea of the repuMw
have ribo dpektiwd themselves fo the same
manner. Daily-imprisonmeota are taking
place in Mexico; among othora they haao
arretted Saota Anna's own sister. Tho
crisis is fttsi approaching—things cun 00
longer -wear the tame aspect, and peace
must soon be restored in the republic.....
At Tampico all is quiei. Montezuma
has had u recontre in the state of San
Lovis de potozi with the government for
ces, which he has defeated, and he is now
actually marching on Mexico, at the head
of 6000 men, bis army having previeusly
been < increased by troops sent from the
state-of -Zacatecas.”
New Orleans, Sept. 4.... Villalcal, com-
-mandant of the Mexican armed sc In. Mon
tezuma, which Wat captured by 'he U. S.
schr. of war Grampus, Caot. Taltall. for
an act of piracy upon the American scltr.
William Tomer, was examined before
his honorJudgc Harper, yosterday morn
ing. He told the most impudent story
that has ever been sworn to. Tlfo nrti-
cles which were taken from tho Amcricnu
vessel, he says, were given gratuitously, e
ven'the writing desjt containing the schoon
er’s papers, and the letters of the consig
nees! The prisoners were remanded for
further examination to-Hav.
THECHEROKEES.
. The following documents which we find
in the Cherekee'Pbtenix, «ie interesting
as presenting the-’piesem smio ofthe ne-
gociation between thn government of the
Up'ited States and the Cherokee Indians,
on the subjecl'of the removal' of the latter
beyond Ihe Mississippi- AVetnurh regret
the pertinacity with which this unhappy
people refuse to accede tn tho proposiiom
so obviously liberal and just; as thosejen
dered by the executive in ho fo lowing
communication AWt Banner.
Devirtment or War,
April 17th. 1832.
My Frithds: Your gien. faint 1, ihe
President of the United'States, ins rect-m
ly b-en informed, that a-ctiange h.m proba
bly taken place in the sentiments you
Imve heretofore entertained, on the subject
of a removal to the country west of the
Mississippi,and that prepositions from the
government having that object in view,
would be favorubly received by yon
Satisfied s tho President is, that ibis
measure can alone secure to you pcimu
mint prosperity, and lay the solid founda
tions of your future improvement and
civilization, and prepared us lie ever has
been to make you offers, which shall not
be only just, but liberal,’-he has instructed
itie to nddress you upon the subject, and
to make known to you tho stipulations he
is willing to giant, so far as bis authority
extends. I have therefore to request,
that you will lake the matter into your se
rious consideration, nnd communicate to
mo your ultimate decision.
I The President is willing to enter into nn
arrangement, for your removal west of Ihe
Mississippi, upon the’following general
principles.
1. That a country sufficiently extensive
. -’and fertile, shall bo distinctly marked out,
“The American si-humicr I Fin A. 1 west of’.he territory of Arkansas, for you
13. That your stock be valued andp '
for by',the United States.
14., That the annuities due to you by
ftMwr treaties, be paid to $ou west of the
Mississippi.
13. that provisions be made for your
orphan children.
1<>. That protection be guarantied to
you against the hostile efforts of any other
Indians.
It.is the wish of the President that ’
nil your people should remove, nod he is
therefore unwilling that uny reservations
-of land should lie mode in the ceded ter
ritory. Still he would not make this an
indispensable condition, but would agree,
should it be found tteccHury, that reservu- -
lions should be made for a few of your,
people, in situations and Under circumstan
ces rendering tueVa measure proper, and
within -the scopo ol his legal authority.
But your -people most distinctly under
stand, that those who remain will become
citizens of the state in which they may
reside, and that all the relatioqs between
them uud the United States, founded upon
previous circumstances, us Iridiaus, must
cense.
These ore the general terms I have
been directed bytlta P resident to offer you*
They form an outline of nu arrangement,
which can be filled up, when you tire pre
pared Vo enfor into u negociation. Tha
details and other stipulations you may usk r
will more proporly lift discussed and deter*
mined, when your views of the mattor are
kDDwn, and tho Ultimate mode of proceed
ing adopted.
-If you arn prepared to assume theso
propositions as the basis of a negociation,
you-can appoint yonr agents to come on t<r
this plant, clothed-with authority to act,
or the President wiH-nppoint commission
ers to meet you in-council and concimjo
the afl'air.
I cannot hut hope, flint you will sec, ip
this.frank and liberal offbr, - full evidence,
of the desire ofthe President, that the dif
ficulties of your prosent.situation may be
remnVed, and future destihics placed be-
vnud the reach;-Of .those ettussa, winch -
have occasioned such misery to the I ndian'
race. ' il _
Shut your ears T entreat . yon, to had
councils, if any such should be offered to
you. Whatever may be told you, it ia
impossible you can remain where you note
are ai.d prosper. And if you persist in
the effort, the time of regret will come, I
am afiaid. itfier the most injury to your
selves. Your'fi-iend.
LEWIS CASS.
To tho-Clierokccs East Of the Missiwippi.
Tumir, Mary, muster, am veil this morn
ing from New York whence site sailed on
the 20’It June 1st. ’ Tho captain reports
that; ves'erd-iy, being in lat 20, 44, N.
96, 30, W.i'ho was boarded by an armed
Mexican vessel, colled the Montezuma
of Tampico, commanded by Pedro Vil-
laveal. and detained nine hours; rind they
forcibly took from on bonrd 'n considera
ble quantity of provisions and sundry oth
er ui‘tielf-8 of merchandize, together with
a writing desk and pipers belonging- to
thn supercargo; that en the eve of their
deptrture they forced him to -sign papers
tho ccntenis of which hn did not under
stand; and'that lie protested in the stran
gest terms against their conduct, - but was
silenced by offensive and abusive language
nnd threatened with confinement and the
halter. They ofleretl no explannlion of
their motive nnd apparently manifested us
little concern for tho consoqueuecs as the
most hardened pirates could do.
“The U. S. schooner Grampus,Lieut,
contd’t. Jusiah Tatnull, was off this purl
when the Wm. A. Turner nrrived. As
soon es the particulars of this dnprovoked
outrage were communicated to Linut. T.
ho immediately set out in pursuit of tjie
Montezuma, with a determination that if
hn fo'tnd her the crew should sppnd the
balance ofthe summer in’Bostoe. -I sin
cerely hope an exemplary punishment
may overtake thorn, as well as evory oth
er delinquent, who- may wilfully iustilt our
flag, or trample upon the rights of free
men.
“ Tlto last mail brought us the decla
ration of tho state of Durango in Javar of
Gen. Pedrails for President.
“ It is reported that a battle was fought
near'Sun Luis de Potozi between Gener
al Montezuma and the government troops
and that the former obtniued' a signal vic
tory."
Another letter, from Vera Cruz, under
date of August 13th, gives thu annexed
view of the posture of political affairs in
the republic of Mexico:
* General Santa Anna is now at Oriza
ba, at the head df a division of ubout
4,000 men, well armed, and iu perfect
health. The distance of Orizaba from
thin place is reckoned 80 leagues. The
ministerial troops, commanded by the
minister of war, Facta, are in the vicinitv
of the same place with an inferior force,
hwV'tie been obliged to send a detachment
of 600 01 800 men on to Puebla, to keep
in the tnob. T .
In General Council convened nt Red Clay,
Cherokee Nation, August 6th. 1832.
Totlio Honorable Lewis Cass Secretary of War.
rit'r---Your letti-rbearing data die 171I1
-of April last, containing certain proposi
tions-as the general terms upon which die
President is willing to treat with this Na
tion, has been received through the hands
of Elisha -W. •Chester, Esq. - It is with
much astonishment we learn from this lat
ter the Presideut has bnen informed, that
a change hud-probnbly taken place in tho
sentiment this Nuliou heretofore enter
tained on the subject of a removal to
the country west of tlto Mississippi, und
that propositions front tho government
having that object in view, would bo fa
vorably received.
Tho subject matter line-boeu fully con
sidered, together widi tiro peewliur embar
rassments that now surround us, aud in com
pliance with yfiur rmpmsi, we proceed to
our reply. In the first place wo wish u>
cull your attention to tlto decisions of the
Nation on former occasions on this sub
ject, nnd to inform the President that tlto
true sentiments of the Cherokee people
remain tiro same. That tlto basis of lti»
propositions is objectionable, and that the
Nation is placed in duress, front tlto ille
gal proceedings of Georgia - in assuming
to exercise .jurisdiction over n largo por
tion of our territory, and by placing u mil
itary forro with other officers of Iter own
creating in our country, for the purpose
of oppressing our citizens; Site Iras also
introduced u great number of her citizens
among us, to intrude on our lands, aud ves
ted in lint chief magistrate (be discretionary
power of drawing a -lottery for the occu
pation cfihein. And in this peculiar state
of things, tlto protecting arm of the Presi
dent's withheld from the enforcement oC
the treaties and laws of the United States
made for the protection of our nnl'or.aT
rights. And moreover, divers ngen’.s of'
the general government have ho-. a com
missioned tor the purposo of ei>’ oor
citizens as emigrants for tho *cjuutrv W'-si
of thn Mississippi; and in tk. e proswut^n
of tins business, some of ’ (hem ^
seduced under c.rcums- , ance , ,
to create d.squteiodr J flm ,
•fooling*. But let t» ° R
all lire diffirul-iesa* r / AKien ' ren,0VB
ores, aud'ufford u ; “ 0M *
(ton which ts »(•',„
bv treaties; ar d t, ^ glK " ua, . lcd «• M»*«
orivilcco wb' ■ ,i0 * Lo exerc,5e of Hint
joyment of ^ ’»'* *° 1a "> 0 «*'
liberty tr, refl ?* «
the suV.jeci r'’ 8 ^ 811 . Bni, 1 ucl -<Mf oh
wella-, J , ol °“ r nnll0nal mtarest ami
itecr tiiMv c “ ne,us '0". would res.
eall your attention to the fro-
^ . ^'onojiluinis which h&ve boru na 0
1 ciepnrinipni a?:iinst tho Dumflrntio
and your brethren, where they now are
2. That this country shall be surveyed
to you by patent, under the provisions of
the act, 1830,- and that it shall be forever
without the boundaries of any state or ter
ritory.
3. That you stroll have all the powers
of self-government so far as may be com
patible with that general supervisory au
thority, which i> is necessary Congress-
should exercise over you.
4. That you shall have the privilege of
nopointing no agent, Who shall reside at
Washington, to communicate your claims
and wishes to the govornment; and who
shall be paid by the United Slate*.
5. That i( Congress assent to tlte mea
sure, you shall be allowed n delegate to
that body, and shall al*Q, when -your Im
provement and other circumstances will
permit and when Congress thtuk proper,
be placed ih the relation af a territory.
0. That white persons, uuless special
ly authorized by the laws ol the United
States, shall bo oxcludcd from your coun
try. ‘ ,
7. That you shall remove to your new
country at the exjtensn of the Uniloii States,
in. either of the following modes you may
prefer. •
1. By a commutation to be allowed to
individuals or families.
2. By persons to lio appointed and
paid by the -United Smles.
3. Bi an arrangement to bo made
amoug yourselves, by which some of those,
who.urn competent to tho imdciInking,
may remove all \ our people ut a rule to lie
fixed.
8. That subsistence shall bo provided
by the United Stales, for the tcrut of one
year, after you reach your destination.
9. That an annuity proportioned to the
value ot the cession you may malic, be se
cured tovou.
i°. That all the imptovemonts upon >o l( <0 department agninsV tlto n^mwoua
^ C<! ? a tL ° r> ’ ^ a T V!,IU ' , !"* vusimrs on onr lauds, bordering on thw
to the land, be appraised at.d paid for. 'snndarios of the seven) adjoining state*!
11. That ample provtstons be ni-ade and.ourgo.heremovalof .be intrude,,
for the support oUchools and teacher. ur jd Very respectfully your (riendsand obe-
of blacksmiths, &•-. lor the supply of s^j
and iron, and lor the erection of m j|| s
school houses, Cherokee council. houses
and honses for a few of your principal
chiefs. r “
12. 1 hat a rifle and equipments be
given to each male adult; that . quantity
of blankets be allowed la your families,
looms* 1, **'b rxr A, hoes, wheels, cards arid
diem servants.
[Signed by all the members of (lio Get).
• * Council.]
PJircnoiogy~...Qo Monday evening
Dr. Sporzheim gave his Introductoi*
Lecture, at the Aiheneum Hall. The ati-
riiente was not very numerous, hut was
composed of ladies and gentlemen ol a
high character for intelligence ptA duel-