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CHRONICLE A ND SENTINEL
I
A U 4 s T A.
WEDNESDAY MINING, APRIL 15.
Centiml Bank.
We clip from the of Union the fol
lowing article, and as-tlfo editor no doubt speaks
by authority, we may-soon expect a new issued
the Bills of the Central jßank.
Heretofore we have forborne the expression oi
our opinion on this subject, for we did not suppose,
that those who had cl;a|r|ie of this institution, se
riously contemplated suc> a measure. "W hat is
the true state of the case i The Bank is now un
der the controul of the
mocrats” a party that has signalised itself by its
folly and madness upon tjiis subject, and has in
duced the people to believe, that, were they in
power, the whole banking “ monopolies'' of the
Stat should be forthwith crushed, and in place oi
the • Bank rags,” which now flood the country,
gold and silver should fi'Xiw in bounteous profu
sion. Yet the leaders of ibis party backed by the
Governor of the State, all of whom have prated so
much about an exclusive;specie currency, are now
about issuing from one-; 1 ) three millions of dol
lars of the same u pap£*.rcgs,” the issues of a
Bank that are not now received at the counters of
one half of the Bunks «K the Stare, and with its
M.. . .
present small amount o| is at a dis
count of four percent in? thrs city. What then
we ask must be the discount at which it will be
s >ld when the Bank Ushies from one to three
millions more, upon no o.tuer assets than it now
has ? Let the directors oif this institution answer
this qucs ion to themselves, before they get their
consent to practice sues. ; Bm imposition upon an
unsuspecting people. Fj)*r, that it will bean im
position to issue bills atjfsn, which must inevita
bly in a short time be ct|a ruinous discount no
one will pretend lo controvert. It must and will
result in ruin to the borrduers, who will be com
pelled to give their notes aind receive the money
at its nominal value, and; ihefore they can apply
it to the payment of the.;r;<|ebfs. be compelled to
submit to a discount of 20 to 30 percent.
The idea of the Standjifi of Union, that the
people will sustain the crtjijit oi the bills is, to our
minds, the most absurd w';0: have ever heard urg
ed to sustain any position! illovv, we ask, are the
people to sustain the crellit of the bills? They
are the borrowers—they h»ar e no means to sus
tain the credit of the Bank; :r its bills. Os what
avail (hen would be the|r determination to re
ceive and pay out the bills} at par, provided they
should so resolve 7 None Whatever. The reason
i
is obvious, the people arp indebted tc the mer
chants, and the merchiii?o;3 to the Banks or
through the Banks to the Northern or Eastern
merchants. Can it be supposed that the mer
chants or planters who are indebted to the Banks,
will pursue such a suicidal policy as to receive
bills at par upon which they will loose twenty to
thirty per cent? We apprehend no man in his
sober senses will for a moment expect them to
pursue such a policy. If (his be true then, of
what use will the money fcs to the unfortunate
man who borrows, unless !s.* consents to the dis
count ? It will remain on did hands perfectly val
ueless, while his notes are in Bank and he is pay
ing interest upon the amount so borrowed. We
repeat, the people cannot by any possible means
sustain the credit of the tilts at per, it is impos
sible, they cannotdo it now and how is it possi
ble for them to do it, when tb® issues of the Bank
are so greatly enlarged as.tbi? directors contem
plate ? =
If the Bank were able to sustain the credit of
its bills, nothing would ass ml us greater pleasure
than to see it stepping forward to aid the people
and relieve them from their distresses. But un
der the present aspect of thjj affairs of the Central
Bank, we cannot hut issue of such an
amount of bills, as a measure fraught with the
most dangerous and l u noi-sv -esults to those who
may be induced to borrow i.*ie money under the
hope of relief. No 'fact is | more clearly estab
lished by the experience of; all men, than this,
that the planters oi Georgia* cannot, for a long
period together, with any improvement to their
pecuniary interests, pay eigh: per cent interest on
luge sums of money. Wh*i then must be the
consequences to those who ib&y borrow the bills
ol the Central Bank and in ciCidilion to the inter
est, be compelled to submit iq the heavy discount
I J
upon the bills of even 20 percent, and we have
no doubt it will be greater ‘Jaap that ?
I
Were we to look upon this,measure as one of
party management, without, regard to the best
interests of the people of Georgia, we should re
joice to see the leaders of tlje party adopt this
measure, and loan out even ifvee millions of the
bills of this Bank, for it woul|ii most assuredly, at
no distant period, recoil upon teem and result in
their complete overthrow, asiia parly. But our
object is of a higher character, we look to (he
consequences of this most fala-1 measure, and al
tho gh we do n it i,n igine thiiXuny thing we may
say will arrest the intention til? the directors, lo
oiler the loan, yet we may perhaps be instrumen
tal in preventing some unsuspecting citizens from
falling into this alluring snaijfc, which although
it promises relief from their ii|jmediate and press
ing wants, will only merge tf|ein into greater d f
ficullies, from which it will? be a more difficult
labour to extricate themselveL
As we anticipated, the Central Bank will com
mence a distribution as eailv* as arrangements
can be made, and it will tbop be seen whether
the chartered institutions wilt be content to mind
their own affairs, or combine lor the purpose of
sinking their credit. .
Much as they seem opposed to her distributing
money among the people. vuUet hope they will
not attempt to interfere wit|>her arrangements,
as no can result from tV-lr hostility, in any
view of the subject. Ohuld ijhey even succeed
in depreciating her bills, they itjroiild g,i,. nothing
by it, while the credit of the s‘ns.te, and the inter
est of the people, would be ln e sufferers; nor
nee i it he concealed, that in isfoiportion lo the in
jury sustained by both would |be the spirit of op
position aroused against the rF But, in the first
place, we sincerely hope, th is the dictates of pru
dence will admonish them to‘|u course of moder
ation, and that all maj work l:dgether for good.
The times require, that relief should he found
in some quarter, and that forbearance should be
the governing principle*, as *jsi'll among men as
- banking institutions, and the Central Bank' acts
liberally in her discounts, and the chartered
banks do not allow themselves to interfere with
or thwart her policy, much good will he done
and harmony will prevail ; but should they rush
blindfold upon her, we entertain no fears for the
issue. The people, whose institution she is, will
rally around her and support her credit, in spite
of all opposition.
I* In conclusion, we invoke a spirit of modera
s j tion. Theie is distress enough in the country,
j without agitating its fury, and increasing the gen-
I eral calamity.
Let all extend a helping hand, and vie with
if each other in the race to do good.
'♦
Letter of Col. Johnson.
s The letter of the Vice President, to Lewis
Tappan, of New York, in this day’s paper, will
be read with pleasure by every class of citizens.
s It is the best thing, except the Sunday mail re
port, we have ever seen from this pen.
i .
# From the New York Journal of Commerce and
Courier of Friday morning.
f LATER FROM EUROPE.
’ By the packet ship St. Lawrence. Capt. Bunk
- er, we have Liverpool papers to March lllh, and
3 London to 10th inclusive. By the Albany, Capt.
} Watson, we have Paris and Havre papers to
Saturday, March 7th.
' The rates of dismunting on Banker's security
continue at 3J to 3£ per cent, and on good se
i condary paper sto 6 per cent, without however,
p there being many hills offering.
The alarm created in the money market by the
1 great demand for money by the Tea oesple to
meet their prompts has subsided.
Mr, Featherslonhangh and Mr, Mudge have
not yet made their Report upon their survey of
the N. E. Boundary Line.
Lord John Rus-eli has suggested the position
of affairs on the Boundary Line as an argument
for maintaining the strength of the British army
in Canada.—Nothing, however, was said of the
prospect of a war.
Private letters by the St. Lawrence, state that.
Mr. Jaudon will return to the United States by
the packet of the Ist May,— the affairs of the
United States Bank being in a fairer conditi- n.
The news that Pennsylvania had paid the inter
est on her loan, had produced a favorable im
pression.
The accounts from London possess little in
terest here. The most important item in general
politics that we find in these papers, is the pai
ticulars of the force England has already direct
ed or is about to direct again-t China, the mag
nitude of which would indicate that the inten
tionsof the British Government are not confined
to the mere mercantile question, but that she con
templates teritorial acquis.tions or the overthrow
of the Chinese Government; and when it is re
collected that the native princes of India were
subdued and the foundation of the British Em
pire there, laid by, comparatively speaking, a
handful of men, there can be little doubt, that
with ? he means England has now employed, she
will succeed in her plans of conquest, however
vast they ay be.
One of the papers contains the particulars of
the British expedition against Canton. There
have already sailed for that port, or about to sail,
four seventy-fours, two large steamers, and a great
number of frigates and sloops of war. The num
ber of men on hoard from 12 to 15,000.
The Constantinople intelligence of the Journal
de Smyrne, under date of 18th February says,
“ A treaty of commerce, similar lo that with
England, has just been made with the United
Stages.
Correspondence of the Courier <$- Enquirer.
Paris, 7th March, 1840.
The bonds of the Bank of the United States
remain firm at 984- Some parties here take it
! into their heads that there is a chance of war be
tween your government and that of Great Brit
ain on the boundary question which has more or
less influence on the public mind.
London, March 9. —f evening .) —In the Con
sol market very little business has been done,
and it has been considered heavy, though the
money price has shown a disposition to improve.
Dank of England.
Quarterly average of the weekly liabilities and
assets of the Bank of England, from the 10th
Dec. 1839, to the 3d of March, 1840, both in
cl jsive, published pursuant to the Act 3 and 4
William IV., cup. 98.
LI ADIT.TTir.S. ASSF.TS.
Circulation, £ 16,678,000 Securities, £23,223,000
Deposits, 7,896,000 Bullion, 4,271,000
£24 574,000 £27,494,000
Downing street, March 5, 1840,
The returns show an augmentation in the cur
rency to some extent. Compared with the last
account, there is an increase on each item : on
circulation, £ 167.000 ; on deposites, £326,000 ;
on securities. £242,000; and on bullion of £307,-
000. We estimate the actual stock of bullion in
the hank, at this moment, to he about £4,500,-
000, and. as it is increasing steadily, there is no
cause for alarm, unless a sudden change of cir
cumstances should occur ; such as had weather
for the spring corn, or any thing to cause violent
speculations or panics in business.
Rumored Bank Dekaecatiox.— The Nor
folk Beacon, of Thursday, says :—Rumors
reached town by the Richmond boat yesterday,
that there had been an overdrawing of an accoun 1
by some thirty thousand dollars in the Bank o
Virginia, and that the officer, through whose
oversight it had been committed, had disappear
ed.”
Abolition Petitions.
A Letter f nm the Vce President to Lewis Tap
pan. of New York, upon decVning to present
ic the Semite an Abolition Pe, -f on, signed
by one hundred end forty women.
W ashixgtov, March 23, IS4O.
Sir: —Your letter of the 7th instant, was duly
received, enclosing a petition to Congress, signed
by one hundred and forty women of the city and
county of New Y'ork. praying for the abolition
of slavery and the slave trade in the District of
Columbia and in those Territories of the United
States where they exist, and to admit no new slave
States into the Union, requesting me lo lay the
same before the Senate. I have also received
your idler of the 17th instant, requesting me to
inform you when I would present the petition.—
Having declined to present the petition, it is, per
haps, due to the fair petitioners, and to you. their
organ, as well as to myself, lo state some of the
reasons which dictate my course.
The constitutional right of petition is contain
ed in the first article of amendment, as follows:
“Congress shall make no law respecting the
establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free
exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of
speech, or of the press; or the right of the peo
ple peaceably to assemble, and to petition the
Government for a redress of grievances.”
Congress has never made a law abridging this
right, but the people assemble at pleasure, and
petition at pleasure tor a redress of grievances.——
Os course, this part of the Constitution has not
been violated; and if it did not exist. Congress
could not, constitutionally, have passed such a
law, because no such power is delegated to Con
gress. This right, reserved to the people, does
not devolve upon the presiding officer of the Sen
ate the obligation of presenting petitions of eve
ry conceivable description.
There are considerations of moral and politi
cal, as well as of a constitutional measure, which
s would not permit me to present petitions of a
d character evidently hostile to the Union, and de
i, structive of the principles on which it is founded.
!, The patriots of the Revolution in-de great sacri
h fices of blood and treasure to establish and con
e firm the doctrines set forth in the Declaration of
II Independence. Each Slate was then an inde
e pendent sovereignly; and to form a perpetual
confederacy for the safety and benefit of the
i- whole, embodying the great doctrines of the De
claration, e a cornpomrise ofinterest and feeling was
- necessary. That compromise was made; and
the principle which your fair petitioners are now
li agitating was settled. The right of regulating
and aholish'ng slavery was reserved to the States;
and Congress have no more right to destroy sla
very in Virginia and Maryland, than they have
to establish slavery in New York or New En
-8 gland. '1 he right of petition for these objects is
1 reciprocal, and the obligation of the presiding of
ficer to present a petition to the Senate, if it ex
ist in either case, is equally strong in both. But
' [ cannot recognise the obligation in either case,
though I acknowledge the right of the people in
both. Is a difference made between the District
r of Columbia, and the Stales of the States of Ma
ryland and Virginia, from which it was taken ?
The question was settled in relation to this Dis
trict by those States, by the formation and adop
tion of the Fedora! Constitution when it was a
part of those States; and a subsequent cession
1 , of jurisdiction could nol deprive the citizens ot the
1 rights already secured to them both by the Feder
al Constitution and the Constitutions ot their re
spective Siates. The right of Congress to exer
cise exclusive legislation in all cases whatever,
does not mean omnipotent legislation. Congress
have no right in the District of Columbia to take
away the right of trial by jury; t pass an ex
pod facto law ; to abridge the freedom of speech
or of the press ; to establish religion by law, nor
to destroy the rights of property, or the personal
liberty of the citizen. These reserved rights are
as sacicd in the District of Columbia as in the
State of New York. They have the same right
to consider the abolition of slavery in New York
a grievance, and petition to Congress to establish
it there, as the citizens of New \ ork have to con
sider it a grievance in the District, and petition
Congress to abolish it. Their right in either
case to assemble peaceably and make their peti
tion, I do not call in question ; but the obligation
on my nart to present it to the Senate, I do not
adm<t.
If a number of citizens should consider a Re
publican Government a grievance, and petition
Congress to establish a monarchy; if others should
consider religious t deration a grievance, and (hv
tition Congress to destroy heresy, by abolishing
all religious sects but their own, I should not
consider it mv duty to present their petitions to
the Senate, nor do I consider tt my duty to pre
sent a petition the certain tendency of which is
to destroy the harmony, and eventually to break
asunder the bonds of our Union.
In regard to new States, the case is, if possible,
stiil stronger. They must be united upon terms
of equality. Each State having reserved the
right of regulating this subject for itself, no one
can be constitutionally deprived of the right.
The State of New York has abolished slavery;
but this abolition is not the condition on which
she holds her place in the Confederacy. It is her
own policy; and if it shall be her pleasure to
change it. Congress cannot interfere. iSo, if new
States are admitted into the Union, when admit
ted they will stand upon an equality with New
York. They may establish or abolish slavery at
their pleasure, and neither Congress, nor any
other Stale, will have any more right to interfere
with the subject than with the laws of primogeni
ture in the British empire. The object of the pe
tition does nol affect the abstract question of
slavery; that is a subject which the abolitionists
of the free States can no more affect than they
can that of the privileges of the British nobility.
The plain question is this: shall we continue a
united confederated Republic, or shall we dissolve
the Union 1 If the prayer of this and similar pe
titions should be granted by a majority of Con
gress, the inevitable effect would be an imme
diate destruction of the Confederacy, and. with it,
those bonds of affection which have united us as
one great, one harmonious family. It has be ;n
my griaf to observe a recklessne ;s on the part of
some, whom I otherwise highly esteem, showing
an utter disregard of all the consequences which
must, result from the perpetual agitation of this
subject. We have an interest at stake too dear
to be compromised for a phantom which we can
never gain, however enthusiastically we m.iy
pursue it. As a free, a powerful, and happy ra
tion, we stand unrivalled in the annals of the
world.
Turning the eye alternately to every region of
our country, it is greeted with the smiles of hap
piness, amid the scenes of liberty, and peace, and
plenty; and yet imagination frequently pauses up
on the localities winch remind us of the price at
which these blessings were gained. Do we com
pare our condition with that of adjoining colo
nies'? We look to Quebec —and there Montgom
ery fell. We return to view the beautiful town
of Boston; an 1 take our stand on Bunker Hill—
there Warren died. We cross the delightful
fields of Connecticut—there. Wooster bled. W. 3
continue our observation through the Jeiseys, till
we reach Princeton—there Mercer perished.
Even from the Capitol in which we are assem
bled wc cast a look to the South, and the heights
of Vernon remind us that the mighty Washing
ton slumbers there, who forsook these peaceful - ,
shades for the toils, the dangers, and the priva
tions of the sanguine field, where, with thous
ands of others equally brave and patriotic, the en
emies of our rights were defeated. It is at the
price of their blood that wc, in common with
your fair petitioners, now enjoy these blessings.
When these rights were again threatened, I re
garded it my duty, in humble imitation of those
apostles and martyrs of liberty, to offer my own
life upon the altar of my country, to confirm to
von and to them the permanent enjoyment of
tho-e blessings. A merciful Providence protect
ed me, and I find a twofold recompense in the
preservation of our institutions.
With these views, I cannot reconcile it to my
sense of duty to present the petition. I shall en
ter into no discussion on the principles of slavery,
as that is not involved in the subject. I can view
it in no oth r light than that of an interference
with the constitutional rights of others, and in
such away as tends to the destruction of the
rich inheritance purchased by the blood and toil
of the fathers of the Revolution. Another cir
cumstance exists aside from what I have noticed
above, which would make me reluctant to present
this petition ; it comes from ladies, ordained by
Nature and by the customs of all civilized nations
! to occupy a higher place in society than that of
| petitioners to a legislative body.
If courtesy could induce me on a subject that
could nol become a matter of injurious notoriety
to present a petition from females, yet I should
regard it purely as a matter of courtesy, and not
of constitutional right. The rights of women are
secure through the coarser sex—their fathers,
their husbands, and their brothers. It is the right
of a woman to maintain a modest retirement in
the bustle of politics and of war. She does not ap
pear at the polls to vote, l>ecause she is privileged
|to be represented there by man. She does not
serve on juries, nor perform the duties of tlie bai
j liff or executioner, necause it would be a degra
dation of her dignity. She does not take up
arms and meet her country's foes, because she is
a privileged character, and man is her substitute,
who represents hei in all these drudgeries. Every
man is bound by the perfect law of custom and
of honor to protect and serve her. This is the
light in which the law of God places the woman.
She Is veiled and silent even in religious discus
sions; not because she is unworthy, but because
she is exempt from the strife of man; and it is
her right to observe that retired modesty which
renders her the object of admiration and esteem.
In this respect the Constitution of our country
is established upon the principle of the Divine
law. If the rights of man are inviolab'e, they
are of course confirmed to woman ; and the most
dignified of the sex are the least inclined to
meddle with public matters. I presume females
who sign petitions would not consent to the pub
lication of their names. I should be very reluc
tant to be accessory to an act which should, in
any degree, cast a shade of reproach upon an in
dividual of that sex whose modest degnsty is the
glory of man. i bus, sir, 1 have frankly stated
my views in returning the petition, as I now do.
I trust you will nut deem it disrespectful to
vou, nor to the ladies for whom you act. Be as
sured that, for yourself individually, I entertain
high respect; and could I serve you personally,
it would give me great pleasure to do so. Though
a stranger to the signers of the petition. I do not
doubt the respectability of thejr character; and
I deeplv regret being requested, on their behalf,
to perform an act with which I cannot consistent
ly comply ; but with the view which I enteitain,
I cannot better testify my regard for them than
bv returning the petition. Motet Respectfully,
" R. M. JOHNSON.
Lewis Tappajt, Esq. New York city.
From ths Baltimore American.
Sugar in Louisiana.
A memorial remonstrating against the reduc
tion of duties on foreign sugars has been address
ed to Congress by the Legisla ure of Louisiana.
It contains some valuable stali-lical statements
relating to the present condition of the sugar
growing interests, and the effects produced by the
policy of diminished duties.
The memorial states that investments in the
production of sugar were chii fly made in Louis
iana after the passage of the Tariff laws of 1816.
From that year to 18*28, the annual production
increased from 15.600 hhtis. to 4b,000 birds, ot
1000 lbs. each, la 1838, the capital vested in the
business was about thirty-four millions ofdollars,
with manual power to the amount of 21.000
hands. 12,000 horses, oxen, &c., and machinery
of 1,640 horses power. From 1338 to 1830,
new estates were undertaken requiring an outlay
of about sixteen millions more; at the close of the
last named year, there were in Louisiana 691 es
tates devoted to the pioduction of sugar, with a
capital of about fifty millions. Under the system
of protection then existing, the Slat*-’ was supply
ing one half of the sugars required for consump
tion in the United States, and was bidding fair,
>ays the memorial, soon to moot the entire con
sumption.
The reduction ofdutics which took place upon
the passage of the * 'oniprornise Act operated dis
astrously upon the sugar grow.ng interests. One
hundred and fifty-six estates have been compell
ed to abandon the business, and the further ac
tion of the present system, introduced by that
Bi'l, threatens to ..anihilate that important branch
of national industry. Some statistical estimates
are given going to show the profits of sugar
growing under existing prices. The capital now
invested in the business is reckoned at fifty-two
millions, many improvements in machinery hav
ing been added of late years to increase the value
of estates.
The average annual crop is estimated at 70.000
hhds. or 70 milhons of pounds of sugar, and
35l).000 gallons of molasses. At 6 cen s for su
gar and 20 cents for molasses, the product of the
crop would he $4,900,000; expenses -eckoned al
$3,000,000, the nett balance would be $2,900.-
(•00, or about per cent on the capital invested.
At 5 cents for sugar and i 7 cents for molasses,
the nett product would yield 4 per cent on the
capital; at 4 cents and 16 cents, the nett product
would yield 2 8-lUtlis per cent.
The memorial states that in Louisiana, sugar
cannot be raised for le s than cents per pound.
In the West India Islands, with their advantage
of climate and cheap operations, Muscovadoi.s
can be produced so as to yield a fair remunera
tion at and 3 cents. Under these circum
stances it is declared that the heavy in vest m nts
in the sugar business which have been made in
Louisiana would never have taken place had not
a cont.nuance of protection baen relied on. It
is further urged (hat while a protective duty
would enable this languishing interest to revive
again in the State, the abandonment of tile cul
ture, under the present low duties, would not op
erate to diminish the current prices of the com
modity. In other words, under a protective du
ty, the prices would be no higher than they would
be if no protection were extended. This is
shown by a table of prices from 1830 to 1839,
both inclusive, from which it appears that the cost
of production in the West Indies has been no
criterion of the selling price, which has always
risen in proportion as the supply from Louisiana
fell short of its usual average. If that supply
were withdrawn altogether, the West India pro
ducer having no competition to dread might im
pose his own price upon the commodity.
We may here add that this consideration is of
great weight in reference to other articles besides
sugar. Duties for the protection of home manu
factures are said to raise the prices of articles to
an unnecessary height—much above the regular
price based upon the cost of manufacture in Eu
rope. But if our domes'ic industry were left
entirely without protection, so that the British
capitalist and er might command the
market, without a competitoi. who does not see
that prices would run up without our being able
to help ourselves ? The demand for au article
would regulate its price—nol the cost of produc
tion ; the seller would require not what the thing
was worth, but what he believed he could get.
The Louisiana memorialists, temperate and ac
curate in their language and statements, conclude
by praying Congress to revive the sugar duties of
181 G, as a measure essentially impniant to the
sugar growing interests in the United States.
Every thing in England now is a la Prince
Albert,’ from locomotivasteam engines down to
mouse traps and penny whistles. In the window
of a cheap dirty cook shop, in vicinity of White
chapel Church, is a paper displayed, setting fin th
that -nalbert soope tuppense hapeny a pint’ may
be had within. In one of these bye streets, run
ning from Hounusditch to Petticoat lane, an
enterprising sugar plum and bull’s eye manufac
turer advertises ‘Albert lollypops two a penny,’
and in Bethnal green road, one Jeremiah Riggs, a
poetical barber, exhibits a flaming playcard in his
window, surmounted by the royal arms, with the
following choice and important announcement:
‘Gentlemen’s hare cut and dressed a la Albert:
only lurpence : ladies ditto ala Reine, 3d. The
best Albert hair hile only 6J a bottel.’
Names. — A recent act of the Legislature of
Maine, to change (be names of certain persons,
provides,—That Shearjashub Hatch, of Mercer,
be allowed to take the name of Francis Hatch ;
that Mary Jane <’arpenter, of Cornville. lie al-
I awed to take the name of Mary Jane Newbegin ;
that John Blue. Betsey Blue, (wifeof said John.)
and John H. Blue, their son, and Agnes P., wife
of the said John H., all of Bloomfield and Mon
mouth. be allowed to take the the name of Ballou
as their surname; that Jonarhan Fly Wormwood,
hi-i wife, and seven minor children, of Surry, be
allowed to lake the name of Wood as their sur
name.
The Eastern papers announce the death of
Peter E Jes, well known inN. York, where he once
lived with his son, Benjamine Edes, who carried
on the printing business. Mr. Peter Edes was,
at the time of his death, o.r the 28th ult- ihe
oldest printer in the United States, being then in
his Bsth year.
I j A War Sign.— The New \ ork American
. states on good authority, that orders have been
r received at the New York Navy Yard, to get all
u the vessels in port ready for active service. These
r vessels are the Indprndence, (razee) just re
t turned from Brazil, the Fairfield , the Natchez ,
> and Boston , large sloops of war, and the Relief,
i lately returned from the South Sea Exploring
- Expedition.
The greatest despatch is also ordered to be giv
i en to completing the new steam-ship of war now
. building here.
I Bridge across the Mississippi— The people
• of St Louis have'for a long time been thinking of
1 building a bridge across the Mississippi at that
' j city. The city Council some time since authoris
-1 ! ed Mr. Ellet to examine into the practicability and
> expense of such a structure. He has made a
1 report, of which the Gazette gives the following
■ as the essence :
1 “The bridge is to he 3.000 feet long, from bank
’ to bank, to he supported hy wire cables, to have
only two piers and three arches, and to be elevated
above low water mark 70 feet; and above high
1 water mark 45 feet, so to admit of a free passage
under the arches for the tallest steamboat. The
cables are to be suspended over the two piers from
towers that, from the bed of the river, rise to an
elevation of 200 feet. The central arch is to be
1,300 feet long—the arches at ihe ends 1)00 feet
each. The entire cost is set down at $737,-
566.”
From the New York Commercial Advertiser.
Av oli» Subscriber,— A Veteran*.— -We
had the pleasure yesterday morning of giving the
. korty-sevkxtii bill and receipt for the New
York Spectator, to the venerable William Luu
, lam, of Oyster Bay. During the whole of the
period, forty seven years, he has been a constant
subscriber, has paid punctually every year, and
has the whole number of receipts in order. He
f is an example for the world to look at. What
, sound and quiet sleep he must have ! And how
much more comfort would there be upon the pil
, low, if all men were like him! Reader, who
ever thou art, think of this matter. And if in
those hours of the night when deep sleep falleth
' i upon man, you lie tossing and tumbling about,
without being able to sleep at ail—pause a mo
ment and reflect whether you do not owe for your
newspaper ! Mr. Ludlam, hy the way is eigi. tv
three years old in excellent health and spirits,
and promises long to read the Spectator still.
African Slavery. —Let Northern and British fa
natics read the following statement, and blush for
their warfare on our institution of domestic service.
1 Recapitulation of the African Trade, and by what
nations, for tiie port >.f Charleston,from I st'jan.
'■ ISU4, to 31 st December, 18C7.
SHIPS OK VESSELS EMPLOYED.
I nr fOc*-i -r j 2 -! —• -i" —•
~- aig.BiS .«i 2. §<? I 5 S 5
- ? i c o|2 i». o ' ais“ 3 i - ° (•> ®
; !|i I I sf: g-S-:=■•
a r; i | |s-*(g.2 =•: i
1 i i i j js »i c o i
I <-* !/j j *->' 1
1659 dl 2 II 170 13 ij 13; Bsj 91l 10
T ital, 202
THOS. 11. JERVEY, Surveyor.
Surveyor’s Office, Custom House, Charleston.
L fe Insurance in New York— The Le
gislature of New York has passed an act respect
ing insurances on lives for the benefit of married
w- men. It makes it lawful for any married wo
man, by herself, and in her name, or in the name
of any third person, with bis assent, as to trustee,
to cause to be insured, for her sole use, the life of
her husband for any definite period, or for the
term of his natural life; and in case of her survi
ving her husband, the sum of the insurance be
coming due by the terms of the insurance, shall
be payable to her, and for her own use, free from
the claims of the representatives of her husband,
or of any of his creditors. This exemption, how
ever, does rmt apply when the amount of the
premium paid annually exceeds three hundred
dollars.
The design of this law is to secure to widows
some more certain provision than any which pre
vious enactments had been aide to secure. The
New York Commercial Advertiser commends
the law highly, and says :
The peculiar merit of the law just enacted is
that it rescues the amount insured from the hazard
of insolvency. Heretofore, the widow and chil
dren of a man dying in debt might softer the bit
ter disappointment of seeing the little fund which
he had in this way provided for their relief, ap
propriated to the payment of his creditors; hut
now insurance may be effected by and for the
wife, with the certainty that at the decease of her
husband the sum insured will enure It) her own
benefit and that of her little ones, even though
all else that he has left be swallowed up in the
satisfaction of claims which misfortune or impro
vidence had prevented him from discharging. It
is an excellent law, and the Legislature that en
acted it deserves the thanks of every wife and
mother.
Subterranean Village.—A French paper
stales that accident has just brought to light, an
an. iciujsubterranean village in the commune of
Herrnies. near Bapaunte. During late heavy rains,
a consi erable landslip took place, leaving an im
mense chasm, into which some of the young men
of Herrnies, with more courage than prudence,
decended by means of ladders to the depth of
about 30 yards. Great was their astonishment
on finding themselves in the midst of streets, bor
dered by cells and chambers, which evidently
had been formerly inhabited. The streets are
wide enough for vehicles to pass, and the chambers
! which are of different sizes, amount, according to
the exaggerated statements, perhaps ofthe explor
ers, to 1,400, or 1.500. They were particularly
struck by a winding staircase, which they ascen
ded, and at length discoved that it reached the bot
tom of the tower of the church, at Herrnies. into
which they soon made a wav. In continuing
the progress of their researches, the candles they
had with them were extinguished, by ihe foul- j
ness of the air, and were forced to ictreat. On
reaching the spot where »hey descended, one of :
the party were missing. His companions, though
I wiliioui any fright, returned in search of him, and
I discovered him fallen into a well 20 yards deep,
j They succeeded in getting bim out, but with one
I leg broken, and nearly suffocated.
Extraordinary Manner of Manufactur
ing Cloth,—A gentleman in London hasjust ob
tained a patent for making the finest cloth for
gentlemen’s coats, &c. without spinning, weaving,
or indeed wiihout the aid of anv machinery,
similar to those processes, and at a cost less than
| one-fourth the present price. The most extraor-
I dinary circumstance in this contrivance is, that
air is the only power used in the u auufaclure
of the article. The ingenious inventor places in
an air-tight chamber a quantity of flocculent
particles of wool, which, by means of a species
of winnowing wheel, are kept flouting equally
throughout the atmosphere contained therein ; on
one side of the chamber is a net-work of metal of
the finest manufacture, which communicates with
a chamber from which the air can be abstracted
by means of an exhausted syringe, commonly
called an air-pump, and on the communication
between the chambers being opened, the air rushes
with extreme vehemence to supply the paitial
vacuum in the exhausted chamber, carrying the
wooliy floccular against the netting, and so inter
lacing the fibres, that a cloth of beautiful fabric
and close texture, is instantaneously made.
For the Chronicle 4- Sentinel. r
To all whom it may concern.
There 'will he held on Thursday evening
meeting ot the Augusta Benevolent Socie* *
the Masonic Halt. Th ; An,„. crsary ,
changed from August to April, h w iH j 1
terming meting. The action,, exponZ',”'
I and services of the Society 1. , *
- ‘“Vt- last Au,r u .
| will be presented to the public and every iv * k
al should feel interested in it [t t i ’ n ' ,IVi,!u
--* 1 the only inm*
tution in this peace that has for i ts 0 , • t , ‘
deration of the contlition of i( lp CI - ’ leat,ie '
SiCli POOF nf
city. But it is a lamentable f aC f t j ° Ur
lively) but a small portion of on/ 1
feel interested in this work of tl i 1 ) ‘ mJUrm . v
labor of love ; whereas it ought '° P ‘ V and
ry individual. To the support of ***
every one should give his aid, becau*
are like sun beams diffusing light and '
overall, without respect of pcr.-Tons.
... oocic
ty is now m a languishing state. The t,
IS empty, in e number of subscribers l 9 Ve /.
diminished.and it is very desirable thatihos#
are in arrears should come prepared to pay their
dues, and it is hoped that the majority of J,
community, especially the wealthy and i n fl u J
tial, will come forward to the support of this
gutsiiing, but Heaven born child ot mercy jp
benevolence. Let it not die. O! let it l'i Ve to
bless you. It is our duty, nay. it is the
of all to be engaged in this labor of love, pi
low-citizens you know it is written in the bookef
God, “It is more blessed to give than to receive ” ji
Do not then enter the plea of hard times,scarcity
of money. Ate. The times art a great Jealharo
er and money a great deal scarcer with (he poo
and especially the tick poor. You have enough’
and to spare. () ! spend it not in extravagance
and pride. Remember there is one in Heaven
who governs all the earth, and who has given to
nations communities and to individuals his Jaw
and with it the earth and all its fulness; and be
has said to all “ occupy till I come.” And you
know llieie cannot be a law without ha-.\ng pen
alty attached to it. Our duty is clearly pointed
out. We cannot plead ignorance, and He will
no, let the guilty escape. Sins us communities
or nations He v.sits with temporal calamities—
So it has been Irom the beginning of time. No
one at all acquainted with sacred or profane
history can deny the truth of Solomon’s asser
lion, that “Righteousness exalted a nation, and
that sin is a reproach to any people;” and is it
not a sin to withhold from the poor, aye, from the
sick poor, that which the Supreme Ruler overall
has put into our hands to be given to them ; and
is not such withholding a reproach to*any peo
ple ; Mho can doubt it 1 I should suppose nor
even a sceptic with a spark of patriotism in his
bosom can doubt. If, however, there should re- '|
side among us such a sordid individual, I maid
refer him for his doom to the first three verses of , p
| the sth chapter of St. James. However, mxfel
j low-citizens we hope and expect better things of
; you. r ray remember the promises left upon re
cord to the liberal soul. Hear what the mouth
of the Lord hath spoken ; “ Prove me here with,
if I will not open you the windows of Heaven
and pour you out a blessing that there shaW not
be room to receive it;” and again, “Blessed is
lie that considerelh the poor, the Lo r d will deli
ver him in time of troub e.” Come then, ye
friends of the country, ye friends of humanity,
ye friends of the poor, come on Thuisday e c
ning to the moi ting, and lend a helping hand to
make prej aroi on for the lime of affliction. We
have #0 assurance that we shall not be visited
this summer with disease. Those that are able
can retire. Bub fellow-citizens, what must be
come of those, who have no place to retreat to»
nor means for support in (he time of affliction.—. -
Consider seriously, act well your part, and Hea
ven’s blessings shall he yours. A. B^S.
At a meeting of the Pathological 8 » defy of
Philadelphia, held March, 1840, the following
| resolutions were adopted ;
j Resolved. That the Pathological Society have #
learned with deep regret the demise ot their res
peeled associate member. Dr. Joseph Parris? fa
i whose philanthropy and devotion to the scieiw f
|of medicine, have for so many years commanded h
the high respect and regard of the members of hi*
| profession, and will ever he remembered by then
; with the liveliest gratitude.
Resolved, That the Society highly appreciate
| the importance of the directions given by Br.
Pan iso, that his body should be examined, a
j believing that the example is one which is
I eminently to ihe advancement of the
science of medicine, and to the deepest interests
of humanity.
Gro. W. -<ohr Is, Secretary *
Indian Superstiton.—The Indians depend
much on ihcir dreams, and really believe dial they
1 dream the whole history of their future l ie- F (,r
| this reason they make dreaming a kind of reli*
I uious ceremony, when they come to suticient
; years, which is thus performed. Tirny besmear
t ieir faces all over with black paint, and fast sf
| veralnlays, in which time they expect the uoo-i
j genius or propitious spirit will appear or manife
j himself to them, in some shape or other, in the
dreams. The effect which this long fast mu
| naturally occasion in the brain ot a young pf
j son, must without doubt be considerable—aridity
( parents, and other old people take care,duringtl»'
1 operation, that the dreams they have during tl*
night, be faithfully leported the next mora/nf
In favor to particular institutions, thev sotnrti ,ne *
curtail the fast to a shorter term than is
judged neccessary—that this good genius or p 0 '
pitious spirit, the subject of the persons walking
thoughts becomes also the subject of his dream’
—and every phantom of their sleep is regards
as a figure of tiie genius, whether it lie bird, be l "
fish, tree, or any thing else, animate or minimal
and is particularly respected by them all td e::
lives after. When any person of more dist in '
guished parts than ordinary rises among.
suppose him naturally inspired, or actuated h'
this propitious spirit, and
regard and veneration for him on that acc ,u,n! '
supposing him to receive intimations nod inteih*
gence from the good genius or some of its agent?
By a late law in Liverpool, England* n 0 h'
son is allowed to smoke a segar or pipe on ‘ a,in _
of any vessel, or near the Jocks, or in any
house or other place of business; ~or
carry a light into any werehouse. an an( ]
closed in a secure lamp specially un tii it be
the same to be locked, and rcrva'.n ='
brought out of the warehouse*
MAR KI ED,
In Macon, on the 2d f l " ias ” to Ev«- iiU
Bragg, Mr. (if.orge D* * Ol »
Bullock, all of that city.