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CHRONICLE AND SRjTINEL. - - AUGUS T A.* 1 WEDNESDAY MORNING, A RIL 22. The imposing character of the all for a pub lie meeting on Thursday, needs no comment from us to induce the citizens to i lend. Large as the list is, it could have been uadrupled, if an exertion had been made. PUBLIC MEEI I*o. The Citizens of Augustsland Rlcli ,J mood county, opposed to pie present Administration of (he Ft leral Gov ernment, are requested to assem ble in tlie MASONIC HALI , on Thurs day Evening, at 3 O’cle k, for the purpose of taking into co isideration such measures as may ti cn be pro posed, in relation to the 1 residential Election, and particular iy for the appointment of Delegate!; to a Con vention to be held at Msledgevllle, on the first Tuesday In Ane next. April 20, 1840. | S. Hale G, W. Crawford John Kerr C. J. Jerjkin* Jesse Kent J. Meigs?' P Bennoch E! B. Beall M. M. Lb/e H. Bowdrie M. F. Bcfsclair Ed. Thomas W. M. *’Antignac W. W. Holt John He [ T. S. Metcalf G. T. D rtic A. Gould T J Par; iclce W. T. Gould Geo W Morgan John Milledge Thos I)s ms E Bustin F M Rt tertson I. Thompson A Bogs C. B. Hitt J J Col n J. M. Hitt AJMier M. Hitt W E J ckson W. Housely W P E thbone B. F. Kemick AG B 1 L.Dwelle Wra B stwick C. Dickinson J. A S yder T. M. Simmons H. Aid ch James Gardner jr S. ShoV W 0 Eve ' C. B. f artin Jno Hdimes W. H. ! rane J S Hutchinson J F M< Cinno J ('lark W. H. ones W M Force W. Ha iss, Jr. H W Risiey W. G. imrao R D Hamlin F. Bloc et A B Mallory R. J. D wcon A Baker John L tv A M Smith J. R. C acker A. Mclver 0. E. * ishin Israel Bond I. S. B Ijrs D P Russell J. P.S« ie R Carter J. G. D nlap D McCormick J. L. IV >o^ E Snyder Geo. R berteon B L Nehr M. Hat h W K Clark T. H. 'yatt Geo Lott J. J. V Sson Z Harris F. H. ( ioke W K Kitchen W A 1 jail L P Dngas W Ma tie W C Berry bill F Spea t J Clark J Higt ibotham A M Livingston A Geo 'e E Skinner A Ste* irt L Hopkins ECS anion L Bissell J Dangrlh Jr C J Blalock J H Illllinsworth G McCord LTSfepp R B White D B lldley L C Dugas A L Patterson H C Bryson C Roll J M Dowe J Wyrlt C Low J W l*!oy E G McGolrick M A 5»ovall E W Doughty J Coskp-y H J Russell E Fosar J Cash in J M vlj^per A J Massengale R T P* de W Janes L Rol l J D Crane J J Cllyton H C Cashman W Hilrson A S Holland J M if a C L Bray ton J W | Gilman G Simmons 8 J Alderson J W Freeman J Cuilarin Jno Hill * J KiriUatrick W M Rawland J B (Impbell O E Carmichael 11 D f ell W M F raser T R Ihodes J L Fraser J W lark J Sibley J F (Strsewell The list cf Directors of theUeorgia Insurance and Trust Company, as publihed by us yester day, was incorrect. The namiof W. H. Turpin should have been inserted insisd of George W. Lamar. 8 At a meeting of the Boartl yesterday, Adam Johnston was elected Presideif of the Company Rhode IslatSl. The New York Commercii Advertiser of the 17th inst., says:—“The verb! intelligence from Rhode Island, communicatedlyeslorday, is most amply confirmed by the Prtlidence papers re ceived this morning. The! Whig candidate’ Samuel Ward King, is eleclel by a majority not less than thirteen hundred-meing the largest majority ever given in a eonimted gubernatorial election. X The entire Whig Satiate Is elected by about the same majority. This rwijority will be in creased immensely at the Prlidential election. The House of Represents* ves wd* consist of 49 W big and 23 AdmiHisiranon members. About two hundred thous, id barrels of Flour have been -shipped from the ; .rt of Baltimore, to foreign and coastwise ports, j race the beginning of the yeai. C ZT Out patrons in Burke a d Soriven Counties* 'vill have an opportunity to f y their bills to this office, at the session of their S pei ior Courts. We hope they will generally ava themselves of the opportunity, as the expense w! incur in sending an agent is very considerable. A Chamber of Commerc’ has recently been organized at Houston, in Tc as. The fact may be regarded as indicating the commercial growth of the city. ? The New York Courier Id Enquirer says: “The ship Roman, which as run into by'the ship Richard Anderson, wa- owned in this city, and insured for $ 16,000 afth Safety, Union and American Insurance Offices The cargo, about 1400 bales of cotton, was on reight from Savan nah, and it is not known wh ther it w*« insured’ or jf it was, where.” Death of the lion. Hugh t>. White. It is with no ordinary emotions of regret,— says the Knoxville (lenn ) Times, of 10th inst, that we record the decease of the Hon. Hugh Law* sox White. He departed this life, at his residence near this place, on .last Friday morning at about half past eight o’clock. The public are aware, that his return from Washing ton to Knoxv'iie, immediately after his resigna tion of hi > seat in the U. S. Senate, subjected him to great exposure to the inclemency of the weather,and serio tsly impaired his health. After ! reaching home, his strength gradually decreased, and on medical advice being called, it was soon discovered that an abscess of the lungs had form ed, which would in all probability lead to his early death. Such, however, was his constitu tional fortitude, thdt the termination-of his dis ease was much prolonged beyond the anticipation of his friends, and although reduced 'to a con dition of great debility, he still, when the weather permitted, and even on the day previous to his death, took his accustomed ride. He retained not only his consciousness, but his vigor and spiightliness of intellect to the last-moment; and was evidently aware that the hour of his death was near, but a few moments to it* occurrence. ♦ * * * * In testimony of respect to the deceased, our citizens suspended their ordinary business imme diately on learning the news of his death. The Chancery Court which was in session at the time, adjourned over to the ensuing day, frora similar motives. On Saturday, whan the Court met, the Hon. Edward Scott presented the~ Preamble and Resolutions which will be found below, and which he prefaced with a few elo quent remarks, appropriate to the occasion. The body of the deceased was interred in the burial ground of the Ist Presbyterian Church, on Sabbath afternoon. ’lt wac followed to the grave by an immense concourse of citizens; all classes appearing to be deeply depressed with a s nse of the greatness of the calamity which they assembled to mourn. The following order of procession was obser ved on the occasion:— Clergy. Members of the Medical'Profession. Juuges and Members ot the Bar. Mayor and Aldermen. Pall-Bearers THE BODY. Pall-Bearers, Relatives cf the Deceased. Trustees of East Tennessee University. Students of the University. Principal and Students of Hampden Sydney Academy. Citizens. Tribute of Respect to the Memory of the Hon. Hugh h. White, by the Bar of Knoxville . At a melting of the members of the Bar at Knoxville, assembled this day a*. 2 o’clock P. M., on motion, the Hon. Thomas L. Willians was called to the chair, and John H. Crozier, Esq., appointed Secretary. The Hon. Edward Scott presented the follow ing preamble and resolutions which were unani mously adopted. A GREAT MAX HAS F AILEX IX TSUA HU?’!; This day, about the hour of 9 o’clock, at his residence near this place, the Hon. Hugh L. ! White ceased to exist. Henceforth he will live | only in the memory of his friends and his coun- j tryrnen, He was certainly a grest ami worthy j man; a friend to truth, virtue, liberty and the Constitution. His was a life of labor and activ ity—a life of usefulness, moderation, regular con duct and inflexible integrity. The law was his profession. By his fair, open and manly con duct, he won the sincere afiection and approba tion of all his cotemporarics. He was-an agreea ble and eloquent speaker In him were happily blended a profound judgment and accomplished j address.. In him the unfortunate and tbe honest ever found a protector while the guilty were marked for destruction. Raised to the highest office in his profession, he did honor to the sta tion. He was among the greatest and ablest magistrates that ever lived among us. Elevated to a seat in the United States Senate, he rnain ti ined that purity of character which marked his private life. He loved the Constitution—nor would he consent to a forced construction of that instrument, to the oppression of the people. The future historian will not fail to record his virtues —we alt know that his private character was without blemish ; an affectionate husband, a kind parent and a steadfast friend. In short, he j died as he lived, a true Republican, an ardent ad- ! vocate of the rights of man, and an enemy to ar- | bitrarv power. Reso.'vedf That in token of onr high respect 1 and esteem for the private virtues and public ] character of the deceased, we will wear the usual badge of mourning for thirty clays. On motion of John K. Crozier, it wa ; Resolved, That the foregoing Preamble and resolutions be presented to the -Hon. Edward Scott, on to-rcorrow morning at the Chancery Court, now in session m this place, with the re quest that the same be entered on the Record of the Court. Resolved, That we tender to the family 7 and relatives of the deceased, our sincere condolence on their late distressing bereavement, and that the Secretary furnish them with a copy of these proceedings. Taos. L. Williams, Chairman. Joux H. Crozier, Secretary. We know of but 10 papers in the United States devoted to the cause of abolitionism—the Ohio Philanthropist, thePittsburg Witness, the Pennsylvania Freemen, the Connecticut Char ter Oak, the Utica IS. Y. Friend of Man. the Michigan Freeman, the N. H. Advocate of Free dom, the Vermont Voice of Freedom, the Mass. Abolitionist, and the Boston Liberator. All these papers oppose earnestly and zealous ly 7 and bitterly the election of Gen. Harrison to the Presidency! Is he, then, the abolition can didate!—Louisville Journal, Dreadful Explosiox.—The Eclaireur sup plies us with the following particulars of the ex plosi an at Toulon : Eight workmen were employ ed in drawing charges from howitzer shells, and as a ter some time the powder attaches itself stro gly to the iron, they were obliged to intro duce a pin into the shell, which caused a friction. A spaik having fallen from one of them, the shell burst, and set fire to several barrels of powder which were lying near the spot. The five or six workmen who were standing together were blown to atams by the explosion, and the fire having reached the shells, they burst one after another until 12 o’clock, sending their fragments in va rious directions. Great efforts were made to pre vent the fire from reaching to a powder-maga zine near the rocket manufactory, and they were fortunately successful. Fears were entertained as to the shipping building in the new slips at Mourillon, but luckiiy the wind was low and blew from an opposite quarter. The number of persons wounded was considerable. Tho Ma rengo had eight, the Belle Poule fifteen, and the Castor two. There are also others of whom ac count* have not been received. A lieutenant de fregate and an officer 'of the 6th light infantry are among the wounded. Thirteen person* who have been severely injured hav© been taken to the naval hospital. Hants Merchant** Magazine. The'first four numbers of the second volume of this work have been placed upon our table by the publisher. The opportunity which has been affor ded us to glance at their contents, have ccnvinced us that the high estimation in which the work is heidby commercial men, is but just. Devoted to the commercial literature of the country, and em bracin' every subject connected therewith, in all its varied ramifications, it commends itself to every merchant who desires to make himself acquainted with the laws of trade and commerce, and should be in his counting room. Among the many evi dences of the value placei upon it by mercantile men, we copy the subjoined notice of it by the Directors of the Mercantile Library Association. Should any of our Merchants desire to subscribe for the work, they :an do so by calling at our office* where tire numbers es the present volume can be seen. The Mercantile Library Association and the Merchants’ Magazine. —The Hoard of Di rectors of the Mercantile Library Association, in their last annual report, speaking of the success which has attended the formation of that mercan tile institution, alludeto the existence of other aids, in elevating, as well as indicating the dignity of tiie pro cssion, and among these, mention “ as the most prominent, the establishment of a magazine, devo ted entirely to the interestsof commerce.” “ Here tofore,” says the report, “while a'mo t every de partment of learning, embracing polite literature, politics, the sciences, the arts and manufactures, have had journals fidvocattng their respective claims upon public attention, a commercial chronisle has been wanting, that might furnish a history of the rise, progress, influence, and statistics of co nmerce, together with the mercantile literature of the day This has happily been supplied by ‘Hunt’s Mer chants’ Magazine and t'ommcrcial Review,’ com menced under the auspices of this and similar associations. Tire success which has thus far attended this work, is another evidence of the liberality of our merchants, and a most flattering mark of approbation upon the efforts of the editor and proprietor, Freeman Hunt, Esq., in this new field of periodical literature The able manner in which it is conducted, renders it worthy of the most ample support, which we trust it will con tinue to receive from -all who are engaged in com mercial or other pursuits,” The commendation bestowed upon the enterpijze of Mr. Hunt is well merited and just, and we are gratified to know that his efforts are appreciated not only by this and similar associations, but by Tiiany of the most distinguished merchants and political economists in the country. — N. Y.Dispatch. Gen. Desha is a loco foco and a strong partizan and most certainly fee has no kind feelings towards Harrison, but, if the annexed paragraph from the last number of the Lexington Inte ligencer be true, he has more candor and magnanimity, than we have generally been disposed to attribute to •him : — L. Journal. We learn from a source upon which we can rely, that at a public house in Georgetown a few days ago, some person, in the presence of the late Gov ernor Dasha, was endeavoring to underrate Gen. Harrison, by denying to him either talents, bravery or general-ship during the late war. Gen. Desha observed with considerable animation, such as one soldier would naturally feel when he heard another soldier’s characlertraduced.“ that the man who de nied to Gen. Harrison talents of a high order, or -who said lie was not a brave man, and a good gen eral, did not know him.” The Baltimore American, One among the ablest Journals in the Union, which Iras heretofore occupied neutral ground in politics, has announced its determination to es pouse the Whig cause, in the following forcible editorial. “ It is well known to our readers that since this paper has been in the hands of its present pro prietors, its course in reference to political mat ters has been neutral. For many years past our airc has been to render the American a useful commercial journal, to identify its interests with those of the business community, and to devote its influence to the advancement of the general prosperity of our growing city. To these ends our efforts, —wc say it in no boastful spirit,— have been directed not without success ; for our feelings and hopes wore blended with our pursuit. We preferred to know not any distinctions of parties, but to vcw all our fellow citizens as mem bers of one community, bound together by busi ness relations, constituting a bond of union unaf fected by the political divisions which in other respects might cause diversity of aims. long as general politics were confined to matters pro perly pertaining to government, and business men were suffered to pursue their callings in peace, exempted from influences which sought to make the affairs of trade subservient to partizan purposes —we pursued our course without dilfi cultv. and were abundantly satisfied with it. But the time has now come when farther continu ance in neutrality seems impossible, without an abandonment, partial or entire, of those interests with which our paper is so closely united. It is not that we wish to go out of our sphere; but politics have intruded within it. For some time past in treating of subjects af fecting the general good, whether relating to the Currency, to Commerce, or Internal Improve ments, we have found ourselves restricted. We could give but partial view-s without incurring the danger of trenching upon political ground ; and upon some topics of vi’al importance, abso lute silence was necessary. The distribution of the Public Lands was one of these. The meas ure proposed by Mr. Clay, for apportioning the proceeds of the sales ot the Public Lands among the States, viewing the National domain as the propeity of lire States, held in trust for their be nefit, was one which we thought was founded in justice, and adapted with especial propriety to bring relief to the country in its present exigen cies when the burden of debt is resting upon nearly every Slate in the Union. But it was made a party question, and could not be discuss ed on its own merits. Concerning the great subject of the Currency —a subject conjoined with the very life of trade— we found ourselves embarrassed in a similar manner. In dwelling upon the causes which produced the unexampled distress and prostra tion under which the whoie country is laboring, we were obliged to pass by the chief one. For no one can doubt that the fatal measures of the Administration, directed against the very inter ests which il is the business of a government to uphold and cherish, have operated to bring about, to prolong, and to aggravate the commercial ills which have reduced this vigorous and powerful nation to a state of suffering and exhaustion, such as no people ever before endured from rulers of their own appointment. The Sub-Treasury scheme has been urged with a pertinacity so re i markable, notwithstanding the evident unwil lingness of the people to icceive it, and in spite of the disast ous consequences which the meas ures leading to it have already produced, that there can hardly be any doubt of the ultimate purposes of its supporters. It is apparent that nothing less is aimed at than the entire overthrow of the Banking system as the covenant machine ry of business, in order, not to substitute a “ bet ter currency” in the place of that which it is ca pable of supplying, but to vest the control of the moneyed circulation of the Union in the hands of the central Government, thereby subjecting the business interests of the countrx% in every depart ment of industry, to the direction of men in power to be used lor the building up of an influence un known to the constitution. Before the com mencement of the present disastrous era we be held the operations of Banking carried on wnh order, regularity and success; the system was adapted to the wants of the country ; it gave fa cilities to enterprise; it was detached from poli tics, and meddled not with things oat of the legiti- mate spherte of business. The war which has been waged against Banking institutions was de- Vigned—if we may judge from the plain indica tions of facts —not to reform abuses, if any exist ed in them, but to effect an entire revolution in the system —and this not a revolution of form, so much as of spirit; not to make Banks better suit ed to the wants of business, but to convert them into engines to serve as the recipients and dis pensers of political influence. But we design now to announce our new po sition rather than to discuss at length the causes which induced its adoption. W ithout in any degree changing the prominent characteristics of our paper as a Commercial Journal, we enter upon the political field for the purpose of more effectually advocating the interests t» which we have been hitherto and shall continue to be devo ted with untiring Z3al. We unite ourselves with the great constitutional parly of the Union—the Whir party, whose principles we believe are i blended will the true spirit of our republican in stitutions—with the support of order —with the stabilility of our political fabric —with the sanc tity of vested right and plighted faith. The time we think has come when the ground of neutrali ty,to those who would take partin support of any general interest, is so much narrowed as to afford no longer standing room. Political influence is diffused through the marts of business ; it has in vaded the counting house; it prevails in the es tablishments of the manufacturer and the me chanic. As citizens, as men of business, as friends of our city’s prosperity and of our coun try’s honour, we cannot avoid participation in the important questions to which it gives rise—ques tions whose decision must affect us in all the re lations of life. As a means of indicating the course and de i meanor of the American in the political sphere, which is now included within the limits of its field of action, we must refer to the character of this paper as hitherto sustained. We hope to discuss political questions with candor and mo deration, viewing them in reference to the ten dency of principles rather than to the motives of men, This course will afford room enough for all purposes of rational investigati m and discus j sion, without needing to wander into the arena | of partizan warfare —where petty annimosilies f too often take the place of liberal minded zeal. ! With our contemporaries who entertain political views different from our own, we would preserve that courtesy and decorum of language which it has always been our wish to maintain ; since there appears to be no reason why questions in | volving principles may not be fully treated with- I out resorting to personal aspersions or passionate recrimination. Indian disturbances. — The editor of the St. Louis Republican has received a couple of let | ters from Fort Leavenworth, describing fresh In | dian difficulties, on our North-West border. He I gives the substance of them as follows: • “ Strong symptoms of open war have lately , been manifested by the Indians South of the Mis souri, bordering on Buchanan county, the north west county of this State. Ttie citizens of this i county have addressed two letters on the subject ( to Col. Kearny, commanding at Fort Leaven : worth. The first, dated 14lh inst, states that j many of the Oloes from the Big Platte have cross i ed into the state, in small parties of fifteen or 1 twenty, and have impudently and forcibly levied contributions from all of the whites that they met with—killing their stock, and taking away what ever of grain and other things they might want —and in one instance, they stopped a man on the road, stripped him of most of his clothing, and threatened his life, until he promised if they would spare him he would give them a keg of whiskey as soon as they could reach a Hading house where it could be purchased. Tiie second letter is dated 21st inst., and from the same place, the Narrows of the Anishnabota nay; and represents that the whole or greater part of the loway’s had crossed into the st ile, in a body, and had committed, and were then com mitting still greater outrages on the inhabitants than the Otoes—among other things, insulting the women in the most indecent manner. They had no women or children with them, were well armed with rifles—and in their conduct, as in their appearance, gave the strongest reason to be lieve that they intended to war with the whites. In that part ofthe state immediately threatened, there are not en *ugh of settlers to unite and make a stand against the Indians; and in their letters to Col. Kearney, they express the greatest appre hension of danger, and urge upon him to send troops to their protection. On the receipt of their first letter the Colonel despatched to their assistance, all ol his disposable force, which on ly amounted to one hundred dragoons, under the command of Capt Boon. This, it was thought, would be sufficient to check the Otoes ; but should these unite with the loway’s they will jointly number perhaps six hundred warriors, against whom the little f, rce of Capt. B. would be entirely inadequate. On the receipt of the second letter from Buchanan county Col. Kearney has sugges ted to Maj Gen. Alcheson, of Clay county, the propriety of sending three companies of militia, of his divison to the assistance of Capt. Boone. The decision of Gen. Atcheson, is not yet known. From the National Intelligencer. In looking through the Senatorial career of General Harrison, we find him advocating what ever appeared to him for the public good, without regard to the geographical bearings of the various questions or to the rank of the officers whom they concerned. His parental care extended over all. Thus we find him contending, with an equal zeal, in favor of the erection of Batracksin the vicinity of New Orleans; of the building of an arsenal at St. Louis; of the construction of a military road from Penobscot to Mars Hill, and of a road from Fort Smith to Natchitoches; of the erection of an arsenal at Augusta, in Maine ; of the claim of the State of Georgia for militia ser vices on the frontier thirty years ago, and of the claim of South Carolina for unallowed expenses in the war of 1812. With equal earnestness, too, we find him standing up for the rights ofthe highest officer and the humblest private in the Army. He opposed, for example, the abolition ot the office of Major General in the Army ; and he supported propositions to increase the pay of captains and officers commanding companies ; to make allowances to officers for partial disabilities incurred in service; to amend the articles of war which relate to court manials; to provide for the relief of persons who had been wounded in the service otherwise than in conflict w.lh the ene my. But it is in behalf of his fellow man, the sol dier, whether private or non-commissioned officer, that we find hmi using his best efforts and pour ing out his whole heart. It is in a debate upon the bill to prevent desertion from the army, an evil which had grown to such a height that it had become impossible to keep the ranks of the army j full enough to be in any state of efficiency. The remedy proposed was a bounty upon re-enlist ment, an increase of pry, and other inducements to make the service more tolerable. In his posi tion of Chairman of the Military Committee, it became the duly of General Harrison to explain the necessity for the bill, and the objects which it proposed. The following extracts from his speech show to advantage the military knowledge and practi cal wisdom of one who had both seen service and deeply studied his profession : Ex tracts from Gen. Harrison's Speech. “ 1 believe no military man will denv the fact that on the character of the non-commissioned officers ofthe army, depends, in a more important degree, the character of the army itself than even in the commissioned grade. General Wayne thought so; and I can. from my own experience. i say that I have never yet seen a good company • that had not a good non commissioned officer. ■ And I have s**en many companies defective in • discipline where the captain was in many res s pects, an accomplished officer. General W ayne > often said he could ascertain the state of a compa • ny or of a regiment better by examining the non i commissioned officers than by a cursory review ■ of the regiment. It may, then, be considered an established maxim that, as the non-commission • ed officers are, so will be the soldiers of the line. » “ A similar opinion was entertained of the im r portance of the non-commissioned grades by the f great Napolean. I believe, sir, that there are so many anecdotes respecting Napolean, that every ; gentleman must be acquainted with them, going j to show that the attachment evinced towards him • by his armies, in so many instances, was produ t ced by the attention he paid to that grade of his ! army. If it were asked by what means these 5 wonderful results were produced, I should say, it • is by their being in direct and constant contact ; with the men; the commissioned officers seldom • are with them, and, when they arc, the soldiers s but rarely exhibit themselves unmasked. It is • the non-commissioned officer who sees them in r situations where he can dive into their charac -1 ters, and i btain an influence favorable to making 5 any impressions which they may choose. In i ■ ! every well regulated army, the men are divided - into squads, and at the head of every one is a uun ■ commissioned officer; and it must I think be ob s vious how much benefit may be derived from having this grade composed of efficient and trust -2 worthy men. Notwithstanding this, it is a little • singular that so little has been done for them in - our service—and it is ihe more singular, consid ering the nature of our government; the grade of - commissioned officers represent the wealthy and , well informed part of the community ; ihe non » commissioned officers are drawn principally from f the laboring class of the community, the mass of 5 the People—the real sovereigns of the country; - and yet nothing or very little has been done to ■ render that grade respectable. At present they f are cut oil from every prospect of promotion; r and, as long as the present system, which I pro ■ test against , exists, of confining all the mil tar y 1 knowledge to the sons of the richer portion of the s community, there is no alternative; if Government will not change their system, and diffuse a mili -1 tary education amongst the People generally, it must exist.” 1 The following, however, is the part of this e speech in which you may read, as in a mirror, ■ the true character of General Harrison. The • Daguerrotype itself could net reflect a more ex e act image of the man : •‘lf you arc not willing,sir, (said General Har rison.) to adopt a system of this kind—if vou e will not increase their pay from the apprehension .- which my colleague has expressed that it will - produce dissatisfaction in the army—what meas e tires will you adopt 1 Something must certainly he done. Will you say that the punishment of y death shall again be inflicted? Will you crirn - son your plains with the blood of your own sol h ; diers ? If you are resolved to do this, he assur -5 j ed the feelings of your fellow-citizens will not go t with you. Will you subject your gallant officers, / - j who gained you so much honor during the last t 1 war, to the revolting task of executing their fellow - | soldiers ? I assure you it is an employment fur r | which they have no stomach. Though accustom -1 j ed to scenes of blood.it is the blood of the cne t ; mies or friends who fall in de'ence of their coun - ; try, that it is not permitted a soldier to regret, t j If it were not from the apprehension of a charge 5 ; of garrulity, which it is said belongs to the char -1 actor of some old soldiers, I could tell you what ! I felt when at the age of eighteen, it fell to my lot to command the guard which executed two ; soldiers for desertion ; and what I also felt, when, as the commander of your army, I was called on i to sanction a sentence of death. But I will tell you what I have seen General Wayne, the Mar ccllus of your country, suffer on a similar occa i sion. I witnessed the tear starting from his fine • blue eye, and his breast heaving with emotion, s | whenever he was called upon to perform this pain : | ful duty. “If you do not wish to revive this punishment, I will you restore the omnipotence of the cat-of i nine-tails’ that instrument of torture? If you •do, you will find it ineffectual. Resort to severe punishments of that description, procure the , shlag of Prussia or the knout of Russia, it will s never be effectual in an American army. The s i punishment of the picket has even been tried, - I but in vain ; the only one that has proved effectu ! al is death. Perhaps it may be said it will be f best to continue the present system of confining r the deserter to hard labor in a fortress, with a ball ■ and chain around his leg,—Will the Senate con ; sider what will be the effect of this congregation , of bad men? Amongst this number there are 1 many old offenders, who are ha-dended in crime, 1 and others who are but young in guilt—the effect t of such a system always being to bring the least r guiltly to the standard of the greatest. And r what a mass of villainy will you periodically turn - loose in the community ? Try, then I beseech s you. some other plan— try the effect of lenity and , instruction—take the fetter from the leg, and ap • ply it to the mind of your soldier, and make him . what he should be, the willing and faithful ser vant of his country.” “ After all, sir, this bill is not entriely to my p mind. I would have added some other induce- ments; I would have added honorary distinction ; t and I would have increased the pay of the corpo s rals; but I feared to go too far, lest nothing ( should be obtained. There is another clause I j would willingly have added ; to restore again to } youi army the ministers of religion. Until late | ly I had not known that the grade of Chaplains P had been abolished. May not to this cause be in t part attributed the increased number of desertions j in your army ? I know there are objections in the minds of some military men to the cinplov j merit of Chaplains ; but it has always arisen from the character of the chaplains themselves. I know ; also that books of carricatures have been printed , in England against that grade; but, in the reform that has lately taken place under the Duke of 5 Wellington, a considerable change has been es . fected in that particuliar. They are now chosen j w ith great care, and faithful ydo their duty. A [ Chaplain, properly chosen, and employed "where j he can have constant access to the men, will no j doubt be of effectual service, and I regret they are . no longer to be found as a component part of our ’ armv.” J Frcm ttu New Orleans Bulletin If any confidence can be placed on the asser tions of Mexican journals, the hope is still cher ished of retrieving the defeat of San Jacinto, and 1 recovering the lost province of Texas. Nothing , h as prevented a second invasion, or rather a third , invasion, but the civil dissensions that have dis j traded the kingdom. In spite, however, of the , internal strife that is raging from the Del Norte 2 toA ucantan, the Mexican press is calling upon . the Government to raise ten thousand men for , the re-conquest ot Texas. But to such appeals . the Government must for th '■ present turn a deaf l ear. Ihe reigning authorities have as much on j I their hands as can now be well attended to, in expelling the Indian invasions and putting down the insurrections that are breaking out in diflfer r enl quarters. A glance at the internal condition of Mexico is enough to show exclusively the im j possibility of another invasion ot Texas. The whole country is impoverished. The treasury con tains not money enough to pay the public officers, of whom many a r e suffering for want. Thein t lerior is unprotected—the roads infested by rob -1 bers—several of .he provinces overrun by hoa~ 1 tile tribes of Indians, and others the theatres of 1 bloody civil war. J If in a condition so deplorable as this, Mexico » thinks of a foreign invasion, the imbecility of '■ |JpU her rulers is truly deplorable. The al'emm be an act of consummate folly. One * Mexican journals, we notice, inclines' t°‘ opinion. An article on thesibj c t c j r °*r the remark, that the result of the oroiect T * ill > *. quest will be, that when the Mexicai re ' Col1 ' shall have preished by hunger ami nakedur"' I'** 1 '** North American rifles, the Govern,nenT*^ plead its inability to carry on the war t * l|! want of means. Thus, after terminating 0 " 1 er war with disgrace and staining her with added infamy, Mexico will at last •'m* 011 necessity, and bid adieu to Texas. fj () ' C wiser would it bo now to listen to the i° W rr *** c k prudence, and at once acknowledge iK- lLt f es °i dence of a country which she can no* 1 , I* o, , • , 411 never hiv, contend against with success or to subdue ** * ° St. Louis Charter i3c c ,i 0n The election for Mayor and \u Louis, took place on the 6lh instant °! carried three out of the four wa r( J s • " the city is divided, and elected Johjp 0 W^ their candidate for Mayor, by a votes. J 101 G 4 China. —The following details of the arm ■ | navy of China are extracted from the w that country, by M. Gutzlaff, a missionary resided in it many years : “The total number of Chinese troops j ding those of the navy, but not the Mongul auxiliaries amounts to 765.222 Jp has two fleets, one for the rivers, and the otht-’f* I the sea. The first comprises 1,036 si, second 918. The river fleet has crews u -M' amount of 9,500 men, and that for the sea 98 P making an aggregate of 107.921 sailors, \ army is as regular as any in the world, but *'d rather a skeleton than a body. The soldier do'' not fight from love of country, but rather as J police officer, or imperial chasseur;and 1 greater portion of the year he is at home Vp l his family, carrying on some trade or profession The country has no need of a large embody* army, and it is the interest of all parties to reduce It the soldier to an humble artisan. Consequent!, H there is scarcely one-tenth of the nominal fori,3 underarms at one time, the other existing only on paper. W e have been in places where there were thousands of soldiers on the roll, and yet not more than two hundred effective men could be IL mustered. W hen any rebellion breaks out, noU more than 3,000 out of 10,000 can he collected. ‘ Several of the generals are admirals also. The officers and men are equally ignorant of navigj. tion. A great manv sailors of their merchant® vessels belong to the navy. Their war junks dis-H for in nothing from those employed in trade; the > largest do hot exceed 300 tons in burden. The £ whole coast is lined with ships, and there is not a single haven or calanyue, however small, which has not its post of soldiers. Womkx AM) Linns.—Time was when, in good old Scripture parlance, the word woman was regarded as an honorable appellation of adu females. But this term was too republican so community—for all such were “women,” and tinj term irnpl.cd no distinction between the nobilifr * and the common herd.—And so those who wore - the greatest amount of silks anti satins flirted the most gracefully about town and in fashionabhl parties, and did no work, must take a higher an. « more honourable name, and be called Lade But in this country, honorable names, like fashion- S able dresses, are coveted by all parties; and soo. it came to pass that we had no “woman in thi s land. From the stuccoed and ornamented parlor. to the kitchen of the log cabin, all became Ladies, As the intention of those designations has thw been defeated, we motion, that henceforth none be allowed the name of Ladies but good house wives—those who are real helpmates in the fami ly, and can if in health, earn their own living. These are the true nobility of the female sex and should be considered Ladies.—Your mere walk ing bundles of silk and piano forte players, who think themselves disgraced to be caught at the work in the kitchen, should have no Lierlier term to designate them than women, and this in the odious and unpopular sense which they originally attempted to employ it in. —Maine Cultivator. Nativity ot the Members of the House of Representatives of the United States—Of two hundred and thirty-five members of the House, the following States gave birth to tiie numbers set opposite each in the table subjoined: Pennsylvania 37 Georgia S Virginia 31 Maine 5 Massachusetts £5 New Hampshire 3 New \ ork 21 Vermont j Connecticut IS Delaware 3 North Carolina 17 Ohio South Carolina 12 Louisiana 2 Kentucky 12 Rhode Island I J Maryland 11 Tennessee 11 Ireland 4 * England Eight of the United States have not had the honor v of giving birth to a Member of Congress. A Screamer.—There is a young lady ofL “sweet sixteen” down the Seneca river, who cuts her two cords of wood per cay, when not too much engaged in household affairs. Being at school the other day, she settled some difference between herself and the schoolmaster by trundling him head foremost out of the house, and closing th* doors upon him. What a glorious remedy for the “ hard times” such a companion “in arms would be ! Ohio State Journal Ax Affray.—A horrid duel took place be tween Wm. B. Wade and J. H. Robinson a few miles above Vicksburg, on our side of the river, one day last week. The parties fought with Howie knives and Wade was stabbed to the heart. He died instantly, and Robinson, it t> said, is too severely wounded to render recover) probaulc.— Picayune. Ax Obstinate Fellow.—The following from the New York Atlas, is capital. Me ba>f heard of many obstinate fellows in our day, , this Atlas man’s obstinacy is the most ohstina--1 obstinacy that we remember to have read I “There is a man in the upper part ol this cn; I who is so contrary that he won t eat when is hungry—when he goes to bed at night be ways gets in feet first, and comes out head in the morning—universally lies with Ids at the foot of the bed. He made an unsucccssfo attempt the other morning to put his boots hind part before and his pantaloons bottom en up. When he reads, always holds the paper y book bottom up, and pats bis Fpectacles upon back of his head. The only way to get him the Battery is by telling him to go up Droad^; 1 and he is sure to go down.” Police Report. The following report, Both pithy and short, Wc find in the New Vcrk Dispatch, For neatness and sense, With as little pretence. We seldom have met with its match. Baltimore Visit«• I “One Christopher Twist ordered Hannah Christ to stand still and be kissed. But lJan EJ ; f gave out such a deuce of a shout, at what . was about, that a watchman named Top, cs' with a hop, and marched Twist io the shop- McGhi Ist not being there, to the kissing to Twist was cleared by the chair, and made U* 1 . like a hair.” As looking at fighting Is apt to enrage us, So gaping is catching. And rhyming contagious. Report , like a snow-ball, Is constantly swelling, Push along ihe report, And add something in telling