Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

NEW ECFIOTA: WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 20, 1H28. In another part of our paper will be found a piece taken from the Little Itock (Ark.) Gazette, which goes to confirm the report we mentioned in our last, respect ing the Arkansas Cherokee Delegation.— As the information is derived from the neighcorhood of the Nation, we have no reason to question its correctness. Those of our readers, who have any knowledge of Indian treaties are aware that the one which seems to occasion so much dissatisfaction, is a liberal treaty; yet it is objected to. Does not this fact prove that the Arkansas Cherokees arc as averse to re moval as we are? Does it not show that the country to which we are invited, and which is recommended to us as an excellent, fertile, and healthy country, is unlike the Arkansas country, much less like our own? for we musticonsider the Cherokees as good judges in this affair, by far better judges than many designing politicians. We are sorry that there arc self interested men in all the Indian tribes, who will not scruple to sacrifice the interest of their people, and that the United States, instead of discoun tenancing, will enter into treaties with them, contrary to the feelings of the rest of their brethren. If such a course is pursued, 'there is no hope for the Indians. ipAy<rnt.o-, Gy.T.TM>i»o- aj.p»u- VSIA (yhoSSO-Cs, J>h TDXiTSO- <PAj9G r I*RT. AA5F iyzp-<l, t T 0 01 AJc3Tt- <p JiuTBiiCK Bo^iy*v‘ , tttyhzo o j z?<r’ i*- 4T, D4Z ©tv O-BGrSR^. •.IMcTdCJ-SW* <y&,R O’IiZPm)!*', D(f UiA-q (HicSSO-Cs 9Kb- t et r o'ho-a./Krw* dct drgw- y Dh$«yoaw" iv4T. tgtz i<<a ec^y hO’ois- ot).1 0*W D4 (Phhlr. © TSFT, FG,*W 0o?y nOFeYBB I-SAGtVR-q^ -ISTP B©. OHiEi- <jyj8, D5-3. JOSFcSy FECvOS. 0mS4 T- Grebr , j\Ji o<»y Tcreo?-i tg~z ©F, D(f ^rPt^StSiAwIoF. ICr^yh JIv(TJ}(r SCTAd'’ ^>sy, DS-U*W (PEi.^y, O'A'OTot.I- cpsFoty. ds-owt^z ©w* ^>t.- CPhJi SAJi) 0>«AR^ *R TCFTotltiJia^) tSCPIi- ©F 1£Z O^TPA-S tMi TGrePoTFyia.?) /5EFO- toF. Boty^ayh IiJFoEti.10- R.I OFE&.- Id'OiT’, DcfZ Db O’hSW.r* Oo'iy TCTmM (PO- lo-Jt. fPhe^^.*acr^yii o<*y tcto^.j, (PhT D0T><A(T , R.A. Gcn!y D4 T<T0m>.1 CP0F- TSTPAJJ. TScSWPcSVIoTyh, LcS.I o«y TGCofcl »0FA0rvlM)E AR.I.lTif^a, (posy Dif D*-a (PE;<»y. CHEROKEE LANGUAGE. Answer to Professor Rvfinesque’s Questions. [continued.] Question 6. “Are there not several dialects of the language yet spoken, or is the uniformity complete? what is become of the Ayrati dialect which changed L into R, and called the Mountain Cherokis Otari instead of Otali, and the whole Nation Chiroki whence your English name of Chero kees? Are they all gone to Arkan sas?” Answer. There are two principal dialects in the nation, each of which is denominated by those who speak the opposite o-’o-otiF (U-nv-sta.) Between these two there are various shades of approximation to one or the oilier.— There has also been a dialect called yse, (gi-du-wa,) but I know not wheth er it is now distinguished. Those of the one dialect give the sound of R, where the other give that of L; and the difference in other respects is con siderable. The name of the nation is not pronounced by them Chiroki, but Tsa-ra-gi. No dialect has. or proba- ‘ Th bly ever had the sound of Ch. The name of the dialect Ayrati is not re cognized. It was probably given by some white man, and seems to have come from the word rivj, signifying low, pronounced in one dialect E-la-ti, and in the other E-ra-ti. Very few of these who speak the latter dialect were among the emigrants to Arkan sas. word signifying fireless, a place destitute of fire; Teliquo (Da-li-qua,) fpx, the name of a place in the state of Ten nessee, now called by the whites Tel- lico; Talasi uvt, the name of a place; Tanassi \voi>, the name of the Tenes- see river; Cusa ju, the Clierokee name of the Creek Indians; and Tsa- lagi, the name of the Cherokee nation. These names, if they were ever sig nificant, have lost their significancy, and are known only as proper names. Perhaps some others in the list may have sprung from Cherokee origin, but the attempts of Englishmen to write Cherokee names have been so extremely awkward, that it is often impossible to recognize them. Question 8. “Try to give literal translations of the Lord’s prayer and some other fragments, word for werd in opposition to each other, so as to offer at once a view of words and Syn tax: but the words must each be sep arated and distinguished either in two perpendicular lines or double lines, one word Tsalagi and one word En glish annexed to each other and sepa rated from all others!” Answer. Literal translations, word for word, from English into Cherokee, are beyond the limits of possibility.— The following of the Lord’s Prayer is perhaps as great an approximation as can conveniently be made. The trans lation & retranslation are substantially the OrtiliC as III No. I of tllO PhvX/iun, but here arranged in parallel columns, and the retranslation still morcliterfll. Our Father above who dwellest, honored be thy name. * Thou king the being so spring to light. Let happen what thou wilt on earth, above as does happen. Our food clay by day bestow upon us. In that, we have trans gressed against thee pity us, as we pity those who transgress against us. And do not place of straying *y.vi» M1V.I ? s-q*VMcr I*4oi.T SGAiT. GE©C?V» Jh-RT ©SO^AT. SUSPcST. .FFO-Sm'ET RG.4, s-aw.i H-hSPc^-JoF. iJ.SPMiT.E-t T.AVFRT oU y e@ /l oC b'oi -I. TcsriDso-T-rr <»y^APy, Ir^Ah-APA AyoiSO-T^. DtT LfrB.I (PW0m!-I.3> ©-I oi y-3-10-ov F- . o-y; oty fioDATt^lroil.I- f*Wo?yii DoT>Sh. GTF-jlZ |ge©ctw I*RT Dtf GPIiP-T I»RT Dtf RG^WMCT t*RT RA^-aT. crisy-.w ©IiSPolT#. Question 7. “What is the meaning of the following historical names and words in Tsala glish? gi, translated into En- Otali, «MVP Tsalagi, Alati, DWJl Teomi, Melilo, Olata, <6IV\V Teliquo, Tanassi, Amana, Talasi, Cusa, Matika, Alega, Satula, Olaimi, Atsala, Talomeco, Utina, Awnlatsi, Hitanatsi, Tiinuaca, Mayla, Yamasi, Atsora, Quowatsi, Aquowaka Hemalini. lead us into restrain us from (on the other hand) transgression. For thine [is] Jthou king the being and thou strong the being and thou honored the being forever. This let be. It will be observed that a single word in Cherokee requiress often sev- ral English words to translate it.— Fewer words are required in Chero kee than in English to express the same ideas, for the reason, that, what we express by pronouns adverbs and prepositions is, in Cherokee, express ed chiefly by variations of the verb. W. cd i: a book, presented to the Chciokees by 'Washington, and signed with his own ham As education has since been intro duce and progressed in this Nation, busi- etween the General Government and herokces is carried on through the ness the read past T medi m of written correspondence, as our * Thou king the being so, thy being king, thy dominion. f and <ayh are particles, insepar able from the word to which they are attached, and signifying variously ac cording to the connexion, vpz, two lines below, is also an inseparable conjunction. t Thou king—thou strong—thou hon ored. The Cherokee word in each of these instances must necessarily have person, for want of abstract terms.— The words gtf gesct^j i»rt, howev er, when united, convey the same idea as in English Thine is the dominion, empire, or, to coin a word, kingship. will have noticed in some of our umbers. e following Cherokee Chiefs and WamorS arrived at Philadelphia, on the ftVfenVy-eight of December 1791, by the waj of Charleston, South Car olina; brining with them evidence from Governor Pinckney and General Pickens if the authenticity of their mission, ^ wit: Nene\ooyah,—or Bloody fellow. Chutltoh,—or Kingfisher. Nontmka,—or the Northwards. Teest<ke,—or the Disturber. Kuthagjista,—or the Prince. George Miller. James Carey, Interpreter. Having beat clothed they were, on the fourth of January 1792, introduced to the President of the United States, who desired them to communicate their business to the Secretary of War. 7hey were assembled for this pur- jose at his house on the fifth, when tie Secretary of War addressed them ii the following manner—Colonel 7homas Proctor and Constant Free man being present, besides James Ca- rcy. and ;i young Indian warrior named tiebrgd Miner, wno joinuy acted as inteWreters: Cicfsand Warriors of the Cherokee Naim!—As you are now recovered fron the fatigues of your long journey and oyage, we will proceed to busi ness But before you mention the ob ject^your journey, it is proper that I shciikl inform you, that the President of tin United States, gives you a hear ty welcome to this city. He has cotnitiaiKled me to assure you, that your lrrival makes him glad—that he will lindly hear every thing you have to saj, and he hopes, that you will o- pen yt>ur hearts fully, and conceal no- thingjfrom him: as it is his desire that the \thile and red people should be* cornu one people, and live together like Brothers on the same land—speak therefore without reserve, for you speak to real friends. Conference of the Chiefs of the Cherokee Nation with the Secretary of War Thursday January 5th 1792. Bloody Fellow: I am come a long journey by the direction of my whole nation and others, our neighbors, to take the President of the U. States, and yourself by the arm—but I am not prepared at present to make a full communication of my business One of the Counsellors is sick and left be hind, I cannot therefore, till the next day after the morrow (Saturday) make you acquainted with iny particular bu siness. It was the wish of my nation when I left it, that all the speeches, both on their part, and the answers thereto, by the President of the United States, or yourself, should be committed to writing and transmitted to them. I will explain myself fully agreea bly to the desire of my nation, and I hope so fully to your and their satis faction, that an everlasting white cloud will be over them. [The'Bloody fellow then presented the Secretary of War with two silver medals.] These medals were presented by Colonel Martin, about four or live years ago, but as some disturbances have since happened they are now re turned, to obtain others from the Uni ted States. Medals are valuable to the Cherokees, and when cccompanied with speeches, are monuments of friendship to their nation. [As the Bloody fellow and the oth er Chiefs had nothing more to commu nicate on this day—it was agreed that they should again meet at the house of the Secretary of War, at 11 o’clock on Saturday morning.] [to be continued.] ed by a large chandelier, which spreads light in such a manner over itself and the rest of the frame, as to give to the whole the splendid ap pearance of millions of diamonds re flecting their brilliancy at once.—This bedstead, which is perhaps the only one of the kind ever imagined or at tempted, has been worked at the im perial manufactory of St. Peters- burgh. The picture of New York—Lately published by Mr. Goodrich, states the population of that city in 1656, at 1,01)0; in 1750, at 10,000; in 1776, 23,619; in 1799, 33,131; in 1800 60,- 419: in 1810, 97,363; in 1820, 123,- 706; in 1825, 166,086. If the pop ulation were to increase in the same, proportion it would in 1848, be 380,- 000; in 1868, 760,000; (not far from the population of Paris) k in 1888, 1,- 820,000, which is 300,000 more than the present population of London. If the environs, such as Brooklyn, and and other places, go on in the same proportion, there would he then, in the city, and a surrounding circle of five miles, two millions of people.— This would be realizing some of the apocryphal accounts of the populous ness of ancient cities. The line of shipping in the port of New York, ex tends at least three miles, and in some parts the vessels are crowded togeth er in the closest manner. “.A very different spectacle indeed, (says the Journal of Commerce) from that which must have been presented to the eye in 1633, when it seems the whole shipping of the port was only 3 barques, 3 brigantines, 26 sloops, and 48 open boats—all told.” gation, on which their heads aretotj exhibited as soon as they return. Om informant saw one of them as he passt through the nation. The people weJ very clamorous—collecting in rtobl drinking, and conducting in a verydij orderly manner. Their excitemej was principally directed against tl* Delegation; though our informal heard of their denouncing some whiij persons, whom they considered as i stigators of the treaty. It is, k°wed er, not believed that they will pi| cecd to commit violence on any e| cept the Delegation. We shall deavour to ascertain the result of til excitement, and lay it before our roJ ders, but hope that nothing serio| will grow out of it.. We understand, that Mr. John Flowers who acted as Counsellor to til Delegation, at Washington, in makiiil the treaty, returned home some wedJ since, but after stopping a few (M and finding things assuming rather squally an appearance for him, he de camped in a hurry and has not since been seen in the nation.—Ark. Ga: Ans. Among this list I find only the following recognized by those to whom t have immediate access as Cherokee names or words; viz. Otali <m.p, a mountain] Alati, prpbably Elati, rivj, low, below; Olata, aw&, an ancient WASHINGTON AND THE CHERO KEES. In our first number, we gave an extract of a speech of Bloody Fellow, or Oo-ne-nc- doo-vah, at a conference held in Philadel phia in 1791 between the Chiefgof the Che rokee Nation, and the Secretary of War, Gen. Knox. We now publish the entire speeches of the Cherokees, the Secretary of War, and Gen. Washington, ascontain- Ainong the presents destined ta the Schah of Persia by the Emperor of Russia, aid which are customary in Ancient Burying Ground..—Mr. Editor: While at Pittsburg, Pa. in May, the Rev. Mr. Gvvinn, an aged and respectable member of the Gen eral Conference, related to me some circumstances respecting ancient bu- rying grounds, in the section of the country in which he resides, which appeared to me of an interesting char acter. Having a desire to retain the facts, he very kindly gave them to make any use of them I pleased.—My informant said that he had examined those grave yards himself, and could attest to what he had written—the substance of which I forward you for insertion in the Herald if you think it worthy a place. J. Sanborn. New Bedford, Mass. June 26, 1828. “In White county, state of Tcnncs see, near the town of Sparta, there have been discovered three burying grounds, where a very small people are deposited in tombs (coffins) of stone. The greatest length of the skeletons is nineteen inches. Some of these people appear to have lived to a great age—their teeth being worn smooth and short, while others are full and long. Many of the tombs (graves) have been opened, and the skeletons examined. The graves are about two feet deep; the coffins are of stone, made by laying a flat stone at the bottom, one at each side, one one at each end, and one over the corpse. The dead are all buried with their heads to the east and in or der, laid on their backs and their hands on their breasts. In the bend of the left arm is found a cruise or mug, that would hold nearly a pint, made of ground stone, or shell of a grey colour in which is found one two or three shells supposed to be sea shells. One of these skeletons had about the neck, ninety-four pearl beads: There are many of these burying grounds. Near the one which I ex amined is the appearance of an an cient town. The bones found in these graves are strong and well set. The whole frame appears to be well form ed. These grave yards are in ex tent from half an acre to an acre and a half.—In the same neighbourhood is a burying ground where the dead are buried in the same manner as above described, and where the skeletons are from seven to nine feet long.”-—Zi on's Herald. LOTTERIES IN FRANCE. According to an estimate presentci to the French Chamber of Deputicj by M. Charles Du pin, the annual su pent upon lotteries in France amounl to upwards of 50,000,000 francs, ten millions of dollars. And it is re Qlarltnlllu, that nino tenths of this spent in five departments only, whirl include Paris and a few towns nextii size to the capital; and that the worsl crimes are committed in these depart-l ments, compared with the rest of thj kingdom, in a nearly equal proport'n to the lottery expenditure. For ii stance, in the department of the Seii (which contains Paris,)in'the course six years there occurred 21 cases murder, 50 of poisoning, and 1,756 suicide, of which 213 Were traci immediately to gambling in lotteri and otherwise. The money 'expenil ed in lotteries in the city of Paris lone amounts to twenty-two millioij francs annually, while that ci'ycal afford only fourteen millions for tin support of its many noble estabM ments of charity. It was in the viei of these and many connected fact- that, the worthy deputy declared in lit chamber of Deputies his positive i termination to bring forward during! present session, a law for the to/i abolition of lotteries and ganMij houses throughout the whole extertot France—and that too, although fee government would thereby lose tlw tax upon these establishments. the east after the conclusion of peace, YeJ is a bedstead of extraordinary magnif icence, and which has been exposed at the gmperor’s palace of Tauride in the capital, for public view, prepar atory to its being sent to Persia. It is entirely made of crystal, and is ac cessible by steps of the same mate rial, all worked in imitation of large diamonds incrusted in solid frame. On each side there are spouts, meant ; to eject scented water, which, by its murmur, invites sleep. It is crown- It lias been'estimated that the stem boats belonging to and trading frem New-York, consume during a runnii; season of eight months, about 180,' cords of pine wood, to which may )( added 20,000 cords for other modes# cDnsumption, making in all 200,01 cords. At Philadelphia, says the A rora, we have twelve boats besitl’ ferries in constant use, which, prob bly, with works and manufactories the neighborhood and in New Jcrse use 150,000 cords per season, mal an aggregate of the consumption of t two ports, 350,000 cords per annu This vast destruction must, we a| prebend; exhaust the lands witlil reach of navigable wafers in the cour; of a few years, when a substitute mii be resorted to, or the cost will heavily increased. It is fair ther fore to calculate, that the day is n far distant, when a demand for 17 000 to 200,000 tons of coal annual! for the use of steam boats', will added to the coal market. . The Cherokees.—A person from Loveley’s purchase, who passed thro’ the Cherokee nation last week, in forms us, that the people of that na tion show the strongest signs of disap probation of their late treaty. Pres ent appearances justify the belief, that their Delegation will lose their heads as soon as they return. There appears to be one general murmur a- gainst them. Poles have been erect ed in front of th« houses of the Dele* A teaming to nian stealers.—The ,c ty councils of Philadelphia, with zeal and humanity worthy of all praise have lately taken a deep interest in rc storing to their friends and homes ce tain free persons of color, who h^ been stolen and decoyed away fron that city, and brought to the South an sold as slaves. Three of the fiends human shape, who had b«en thus er gaged in carrying on this felconiou traffic in human flesh, have been a prehended, two of whom died in prii on before trial, and the third has bee sentenced to a long confinement hard labour. It has been discovered, that nearly thirty free persons of colour had with in a very few years, been thus stole from Philadelphia alone, and sold slaves in the states of Alabama, Lou siana and Mississippi. Taking tliii statement as a datum, the concluusioi will be a fair on6, that hundreds such unfortunate beings; are year! brought into the states and reduce*