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THE ARCTIC DOVE.
BT REV. W. L. BOWLES.
RMti on:—the ark, majestic and alone
On th- wide waste of the careering deep,
Its hull scarce peening through the Light or
Is seen.' 0U But lot the mighty deep has
shrunk'
Th" ark, from its terrific voyage, rests :
On Ararat. The raven is sent forth,—
Send out the dove, and as her wings Tar oft
Sh'ne in the light, that streaks the sev ring
clouds, ...
Bid her speed on, and greet her with a
song:— |
Go beautiful and gentle dov<», <
Bit whither wilt thou go?
For though the clouds ride high above,
■» How sad and waste is all below!
The wife of Shem, a moment to her breast
Held the jioor bird and kiss'd it. Many a
When she was listening to the hollow wind,
She pressed it to her bosom, With a tear;
O:- when it murmured in her hand, forgot
The long loud tumult of che storm without;
She kisses it, and at her father’s word,
Bids it go forth.
‘ The dove flies on! In lonely flight
She flies from flawn till dark;
And now amid the gloom of night,
Comes weary to the ark.
Oh! let me in, she seems to say,
For long arid lone hath been my way;
Oh! once more, gentle mistress, let me
rest, , *L
And dry iny dripjjing plumage on thy
breast.
So the bird,flew to Her who cherished it.
She sent it forth again out of the ark;—
Again it came atev’nirig fall, and lo.
An olive leaf plucked off and in its bill,
And Shem’s wife took the green leaflrom
its bill. . ... ,
And kiss’d its wings again, and smilingly
Dropp’d on its neck’ one silent tear for joy.
She sent it forth once more} and watched
its flight,
Till it was lost amid the clouds of heaven;
Then gazing on the clouds where it "as
lost,
Its mournful mistress sung the last fare
well :—
Go beautiful and gentle dove,
And greet the morning ray;
Ftor lo! the sun shines bright above
And night and storm are pass’d away.
No longer drooping, here confined,
In this ci^d prison dwell;
Go, free to sunshine and to wind,
Sweet bird go forth, and fare thee well.
Oh! beautiful and gentle dove,
Thy welcome sad will be,
When thou shalt hear no voice of love
In murmur* from the leafy tree;
Yet freedom, freedom shalt thou find, -
From this cold prison’s cell;
Go then, to sunshine and the wind,
Sweet bird, gd forth, and fare thee well
MISOfSLIiiLNEOCrS.
ISLAND
NEGROES IN THE
OF CUBA.
There is no part of Abbot’s Letters
from Cuba, which we have read with
more gratification than that which de
scribes the condition of the Negroes
>Ve apprehend that slavery in that i$
land is less severe* in its impositions
than in the United States, and this
impression is not weakened by the
fact which Mr. Abbot states that,
Carolina all, the work of slaves
lands is laid oat in tasks, which tasks
are usally performed by three or four
o’clock, and sometimes by two; while,
in Cuba, there are no tasks, arid the
whole time of the slave, except
part of Saturday and part of Sunday
is his master’s. Mr. A. says
They rise at day-break, and com
mence their toil; and with short in
tervals to take their food, they labor
till the light is gone, and renew it on
some plantations, by the light of the
paoon or stars, or a blazing fire. As
they move to the field in Indian file,
the driver brings up the rear with a
word and harmless snap of the whip,
to quicken their pace; and in the
field they work near together, and oc
casionally the driver rouses the gang
to a quicker movement, by an inspir
iting call, like a carter speaking to
his oxen. But I belive the lash is sel
dom applied; I have never seen it
Nor have I seen occasion for it. The
step of the slaves is quick as they
walk, their persons erect,*the bark
commonly hollowing in, and the arms
hanging a little hack; and a cheerful,
vigorous movement, and often a lofty
nnd graceful air, strike the stranger’s
eye.
It is certain that they work more
hours than the farmers in the north of
our own country, and I verily believe
in each hour accomplish as much or
giore. There is no conversation a-
htf W w
& mong them, no laughing or leaning on
the hoe, no slouch in their gait, and
every stroke seems to tell. I should
not think the opinion extravagant,
that the slaves in Cuba’ accomplish
one third more labor than the tasked
slaves of Carolina.
So far as I have been able to ob
serve, they have wholesome and even
delicious food, as much as they de
sire. It is not generally measured to
them, as in Carolina. They come to
the cook-room with their gourd and
take as much as they choose of the de
licious plantain; they have rations of
fish, indeed, of jerkdJeef, and of
hearts and skirts, to make a variety.
pretty good sized cod-fish is cut
into three parts, and one of them giv
en to a laborer for the day. A pound
of jerk beef, also, is a ration. In ad
dition to the common fare, they have
their favorite dishes, cooked in their
private kettles, in which they put
melanga, ochra, and any thing they
)lease, raised in their own gardens.
They cook their own suppers; and on
Saturday evening, they make enter
tainments, and invite guests with as
much form and ceremony as their
hospitable masters.
The simplicity and wholesomeness
of their food, and c Mistancy of their
exercise, commonly secure to them
the blessings of health.
It is generally agreed that the labor
on sugar estates is most exhausting to
the negroes, and it is confidently said
that on many estates there is a loss of
from 10 to 15 per cent, of their la
borers each year. This however,
does not take place on well conduct
ed estates. The severity of the toil
on sugar plantations seems acknowl
edged by the circumstance, that
some estates purchase males only,
and where both sexes are employed,
there is ofteif little or no increase of
population. As difficulties are thrown
more and more in the way of importa
tion of slaves from Africa, a greater
attention is paid to pregnant females,
to preserve the stock of the planta
tion. I trust there is with many, I
know there is with some, a commis
eration of female slaves in that deli
cate situation. They are exempt
from labor for a month before and af
ter the bifth, to nurse themselves and
the child, and have hours of the day
for months after for the same purpose,
during which others are at work.
In a subsequent letter, relating
chiefly to the population of the island,
Mr. Abbot says—
The free blacks are considerably
numerous; the number has been stat
ed to exceed 100,000. It is a re
deeming circumstance in regard t.i
the Spanish character, that their laws
favor emancipation, and the govern
ment faithfully executes them. Ifthe
slave can present his value, nay, only
his cost, to his master, however re
luctant he may be to part with per
haps the best body servant he has, or
an invaluable mechanic, or skilful
driver, he cannot retain him. If he
attempt to evadd the demand, the
captain of the Partido must enforce
it, and evasion in either case is pun
ished with high pecuniary penal
ties.
Nor is it so difficult a thing for
smart and saving negro to ' accomplish
the means. Food is furnished to them
so abundantly by their masters, that
the fruits of their own garden may be
converted into money. A certain
method is to raise a cog, which they
can do, to a large siz*, by corn of their
own growing. I have seen swine be
longing to slaves, worth two nr three
ounces, (forty or fifty dollars,) and
there are purchasers enough without
their carrying tlieia to market. .Liv
hogs are at this moment sold .here at
eight dollars per lundred on the hoof,
Ai any rate, negroes make money,
and some save ant bury it, and at an
early period in life may buy their
freedom. This tery week, a splen
did funeral was nude for a black wo
man who paid for her freedom, and
has left behind her $100,000, collect
ed by her industry,«and also an amia
ble and respectable character. From
my chamber-window I look down upon
a family of freed blacks, who are iny
laundresses. They; sell admirable
spruce beer, and I know not what
else; and the daughter amuses her
self, and the family, and the neighbor
hood, by singing with a sweet and
powerful voice of great compass, and
accompanies her singing by the gui
tar. All this I rejoice to see and
hear, aud delight to record in honor of
the Spanish government. And I would
hide my face for shame, that in some
of our republican states, a statute for*
bids trianumission, even when the ow
ner is disposed lo grant, or the slave
i9 prepared to purchase the bless
ing.
Mr. Abbot supposes, from the best
accounts lie could procure, that the
whole population of the island is 638,-
448—that one tenth of this number
are free blacks and colored,—and that
more than one quarter of the blacks
and colored are free. This is an im
portant tact, and, in Mr. Abbot’s
opinion, indicates a mode by which
slavery may he abolished. ‘‘Make
the earning of freedom easy and sure
to-the active and prudent. Men, then,
in obtaining their liberty, Will form
those habits, which will render them
good subjects, and capable of taking
care of themselves.” No difficulties
or barriers are thrown in the way of
a slave resolved honestly to woik his
way to freedoom—and so far, the
policy of the Spanish government is
more liberal than that of some states
in the Union, where the attainment of
freedom by a slave is made imprac
ticable by law. Every patriot and
philanthropist will unite with the ami
able Abbot, and exclaim—“Let not
the despotism of Spain, more relent
ing and merciful than men rejoicing in
freedom, and in the sacred creed that
all men are born free and equal,
spread blushes over any part’ of our
country.”—Boston Courier.
eral opinion that the crocodiles are
ferocious; they never attack the in
habitants even when bathing in the
Nile.
The flowers of Egypt are numer
ous and aromatic. A man may actu
ally travel for thirty miles upon beds
of roses. These flowers are appro
priated for the extraction of the otto of
roses.
Egypt is now four times moro
wealthy than it was twenty years ago.
This has arisen from the policy of the
present Pacha. He encourages Eu
ropean artists, and strains every nerve
to promote the interests of com
merce.
From the New York Courier.
THE EASTERN WORLD.
Mr. Buckingham, the celebrated
Editor of the London Oriental Herald,
and formerly Editor of the Calcutta
Journal, is at present delivering lec
tures in Liverpool on the slate of the
Eastern world. Mr. Buckingham has
long been known as an accomplished
traveller, a man of fine genius, and of
high and independent character.
From the Liverpool papers we
gather the outline of Mr. B: s present
lectures. He 'commenced with
Egypt, which, he said, comprised one
entire valley, about 600 miles in
length; and owed its great fertility
(three crops of corn annually) to the
deposits made by the overflowing of
the Nile. That river had excited
great interest among the ancients,
and whole armies have been sent to
solve the grand problem of its source
This river, supposed by some to be
the coeval in its source with the Ni
ger—the two rivers forming the
grand bounderies of Africa on the
west, and the north,—flows for 800
miles, without receiving any tributary
stream and imparting fertility
wherever it runs. Mr. B. next al
luded to the navigable' canals of Egypt
its lakes and works of art. fn ad
verting to the towns, he stated that
ancient Alexandria was half as long
again as London, yet was only a third
or fourth rate town in Egypt. It was
fifteen miles in length, arid nine in
breadth. ^onrpey’s pillar was a
column supposed to be erected 1 by
the people to' commemorate the boun
ty of Severus. The obelisks of Egypt
he next noticed—one of Which, though
brought 600 miles by the Egyptians
a modern army of 10,000 men were
unable to remove. Memphis was in
ruins before Alexandria was destroy
ed—anti, what is curious, the ancient
Egyptians permitted no body to be in
terred in lands producing animal sus
tenance.
In alluding to the architecture of
Egypt, Mr. Buckingham mentioned
that the portico of Hermopolis was
so beautiful that a peasant on first
seeing it was heard to exclaim.- “This
is a place worthy of gods and not of
men.” At another city, Koum Om-'i
bos, was a light-house for the guid
anee of vessels on the Nile, the only
one on record in ancient times. The
great gate'at Edfou was so immense
ijiat there'was actually a village on
the top of it.
Puring his travels through Egypt,
Mr. Sukinghara visited the famous
Statue of JYIemnon, which is of such a
size that w hen he stood on tiptoe (the
foot of the statue resting horizontally
on the ground) he could not see over
the instep of that stupendous monu
ment of art.
This statue stands upon alluvial
soil; and is cut from one solid block
V>f granite.
The Acropolis extends a mile un
der ground, and a' fine monument of
alabaster was procured from it by
the late M. Belzoni, and is new in
the British Museum. There are
chambers in this immense sepulchre,
in which the visiter may walk upon a’
pavement of human heads.
Mr. Buckingham confutes the gen-
THE POWER OF REVENGE.
Oiie of the most striking instances
of the influence of this passion is re
corded of a young Spanish officer, who,
being sent upon a military service to
South America, was stationed at Poto-
si.The government made a decree that
no Indian should be employed in car
rying the baggage of European’s. This
officer, whose name was Acquirra,
broke the Order, and employed an In
dian to carry his baggage. Of this he
was instantly accused, and condemned
to suffer the punishment enacted for
the offence, which was to be publicly
whipped-on an ass. Great intercession
was made for him, but without effect.
After many solicitations, however, a
respite for a fortnight was obtained
from the Governor, but just as this
reached the prison, the criminal was
stript, and mounted, and exhibited for
punishment. On hearing of the res
pite he said, “Nay, the shacte is suf
fered; worse cannot be done; there
fore, executioner, discharge your duty,
and return the tyrant his reprieve.”
The sentence accordingly took its
course, and the young man endured it
with the greatest calmness; but he
never afterwards could be brought*to
associate with gentlemen. He was
constantly wandering about by himself
in a state of gloomy melancholy, and
shunning the society and converse of
his fellow-creatures.
Soon after the Governor was re
moved, and another person was sent in
his stead. Acquirra was still seen to
hover about the place. The Govern
or’s friends, apprehensive of a design
upon his life, advised him to withdraw
to some other place. He did so, and
went to Los Reyes, three hundred and
twenty leagues fi*om thence; but in a
week’s time Acquirra was there,
having followed him -on foot. The
Governor then removed as secretly as
he could to Quito, which is four hun
dred leagues from Los Reyes; there
also came Acquirra in a short space
of time, though he travelled as before,
without shoes or stockings. Finding
himself so closely pursued, the Gov
ernor took another flight, as far as
Cusco, which is five hundred leagues
from Quito, but there he was always
followed by Acquirra. Being wearied
out by so many journeys, the Govern
or said, “I will fly the villain no long
er, but keep a guard about me, and
defy him;” which*'' he did; but the
gates being one day open, and all the
servants engaged in play, Acquirra en
tered, fount! his enemy alore, stabbed
him to the heart, and then despatched
himself with the same dagger.
being Accused of ahriduing the rights
of conscience of others?
Finally, should the transportation ,
of mails on the Sabbath he stepped
by law, whose conscience would be
violated? In Other words, are there
any, whose consciences would rtquiri
it of them, as a duty, even if the
laws of the country did not require it,
to be employed about the mail on the
Sabbath?—Fermont Chronicle.
FEMALES IN INDIA.
A letter from Calcutta, dated Au
gust 15, 1828, published in the Epis
copal Watchman, thus remarks—
“Native female education'is going onr
wonderfully well. The Central Sohool
House is built, fu/nrshed, and estab-'
lished, and the excellent Mrs. Wilson
has daily 125 scholars in atten
dance. She itinerates in the after
noon to four schools, established by,
her in the neighborhood, into each of,
which she has thrown three of four of
her former little schools, and in these
she collects near 250 girls daily.*
This is as much as she can do. She
gives up twp afternoons of each week*
to attend the Ranee of our munificent’
patrons, Rajah Budinauth Roy, and
teaches her English reading. The
Ranee already reads and writes her
own language, which is no small ac
complishment in a Hindoo lady.—Chr.
Watch.
RIGHTS OF CONSCIENCE.
There is a strange way of talking,
as if the rights of conscience pertained
only to Sabbath-breakers, profane
persons and drunkards. So far is this
carried, that persons unpolluted with
these vices cannot express their dis
like of them, nor even their intention
to abstain from them, without excit
ing the cry, that the'rightsof conscience
are invaded. But, as we humbly ? con-
ceive, ff moral and religious man may
have a conscience - ; and his rights in
this respect may be as well worth
regarding, as another man’s. As mat
ters now stand, some persons at least
connected with the Post-Office de
partment, are compelled by law to
violate their consciences by breaking
the Sabbath, or retire from their post
Some, we know, have chosen the
latter alternative. Are laws expe
dient, which exclude all such men
from an employment” where integrity
and faithfulness are peculiarly requis
ite?
' All persons employed about the mail
are hired and paid by the nation.
Every freeman is holden by law to
pay his part of the expense. The
consciences of many forbid them to
hire men to labor on Sabbath. May
thM not even ask that their m
ma^ cease tff be expendedin
their consciences condemo” without
Curran.—Curran, the celebrated
Irish Orator, formerly visited the cat
acombs of Paris.—The following
reflections, conveyed in a letter to a
friend, are not unworthy of the man
who could delight as well the festive
board, as the bar and the senate.
They are the simple effusions of the
heart, described by the pen of genius.-
“I do not remember (says he,) ever*!
to have had my mind compressed into
so small a space. So many human
beings, so -many sufferers, so various
in rank, So equalized in the grave! As
I gazed upon the strange congregation,
I could not distinguish, what head had
raved or reasoned, hoped or burned.
1 looked for thought: I looked for dim*
E les:—I asked, whither is all gone?
lid ivisdom ever flow from these lips,
or soft persuasion dwell upon them?
and if both or either, which was the
most captivating, which was the most
interesting?—All silent—they left me
to answer for them. So shall the fair
est face appear. I was full of the
subject.”
How to Prepare for a Flogging.— :
Geo. S late, a Lientenant in the
U. States army, and a native of this
county, was one of the most excentri©
fellows in the world. When a boy,
having incurred thd displeassurte of his
father, the latter called him to an ac
count; and after examining him as to
the why and wherefore of his miscon
duct resolved on applying the rod,
now more fashionably called “hickonj.*
But that the punishment might have
the more salutary effect, instead of
inflicting it immediately, he gave the
culprit time to reflect, aud chew the
bitter cup of repentance, made ten r
times more bitter by the anticipationof
what was to follow. “George,” 6aid
lie, “you may go for the present, but
prepare yourself early to-morrow
morning, for the most severe flogging-
you ever had.’’-George retired, ana
the next morning, bright and early?
appeared before his father to ubdergo
the execution of his sentence.—“Take
off your cost, George,” was the stern ;
command.*- Off went the old coat,
and the father standing with the well
prepared hickory in his hand, observed
that his son’s back, from one extremi*'
ty to the other, appeared unusally
protuberant. “What have you got oir
your back?” said he. My jacket,”
replied the boy.—“Well what have
you got under it!” demanded the fath
er! “A leather apron four double,
replied the lad.—“A leather apron,
have you indeed! and what’s that for?'
‘Why, pa,” said the youngster with a
grave countenance, “you told me to
prepare for a flogging, and I got as
well prepared as I could.” The an*
gry father now tnrned away to hide a
laugh, and the bojr escaped a flog
ging by being so well prepared for it.
Berk. *9mer.
LAWS
Of THE
CHEROKEE NATION,
for the years 1826, 1827 182b fit
salt at thist 0$ci.