Newspaper Page Text
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& IBTDIAW’S' ADVOCAT
-i t
c^rg.aw. ub~-.f -•-»■ -..- g*; .iar rg> zaire.
040* j?i.<JK- STiSr
?$&nn&! 2?»
>;LIA(S BOIJOIXOT, Etn-ron
PIUSTKU IV l-KI.V n*
josisr cAwnVj
l$2i0 if paid in adstnce, in si\
mwr 20'£m'&si iJLWJi&A'r, assess aa» assa*
SOT!£E&„ £S
be 01 ]-2j>2t1 ish growth, amt not «f fot-
ei.ii) in!• o.f;ac!ioi), au'b .rs re ; ,V(* t the
name of Su nr Anglic s, With or-
r asiona.l intermissions, the malady
i,s or 60 if paid ai he end of the r,MI1 ,|!l 'd ■ •> us forty years. In
' ’ 1525 it e ten led to the continent, anti
,isubscribers .who can re. d only the j passed in live years, ev'fcr nearly all
okec langiiago th. joicc t« II ,,f: '"-’j 10 ; Em ope. The more prominent fea-
v*ncc. or i'sSJ.BU to he pant w dluii tin , . 1 -. *
' anc ’ 1 1 tores were a . low or typhus fever,
very subscription will be Considered as t and profuse perspiruiEn which con-
inued unless suWirib'trsgive muio toj tinned Io the cud of the disease It
.onliary before, the commencement ol a was unaccompanied by swellings or
year, and all tirmaruges paid. S| ,.., S ,| ie sll j„.
tacEIg roIponsiKc Iot'tjl'ISautt 1 r hl l ^ 5 bi-fifatl lh« “Plague of
receive a seventh gratis. L udon,” the last instance in which
/•All (ctteia addressed la the Editor, i England was subject to epidemic pes-
|iaid, will rcceiv* dueaUcnliott. I lileuee jn f>e Egyptian Conti. Iii the
. . nutuinn ( f that year its violence was
,V y J J .t a O'.« .» i) i» «i t r. & 4 .1 . , r a ...... . i. .
.. „ , i gtea.es: 8.000 persons leaving died
ui.t.oM t&jit* u*t 4in<n.t.4 i»4»ra. ■ , . ,! ,■
, L ^ . I in otie w vek wit! in the hi Is ol mor-
jit ictjI nfi* o»om.i i
divis tns of tliis force the Cholera
prove! more tfalally effective than
could the shot of an unomy in a well*
contested field. in twelve days
nearly 9,00Auocn had fallen to rise
no more. At this time the tli -imoiti*
etor ranged from 90 degrees Farhreh-
licil. The heat was moist mid suffo
cating, and the atmosphere a ih ad
culm. The progress oi tlm Cholera
in (lie centre division of the am y
was as 4 bllowa: Alter creeping insicl-
iously for a few days among lie l w-
er classes of the camp followers, it
seemed instantaneously to gain fresh
vigor, breaking out with irresistible
force in (‘very direction, Pievious
to tin' 14tii, it had overspread the
can p, sparing neither age nor sex in
the, discriminating violence of its at-
ta. lv. The old and the young, the
In Cuiid, the Capital, it broke out w inter, h contagion became doi niant
December, 1818, with even gicatei lboth in Peisia and Syria.
In the spring of 1822 the Syrian
and Persian streams of contagion had
their forzen "energies restored to nc*
livity. They Quickly s-piead in their
primitive vi/or. .Mosul, llerij
Act,lab, and Aleppo,. .were inf ect i d.
In Persia, during Sept ember, the
t.f
tajitv.
,i icT’Z itvahm .i 5/£j a.i rite origin of some uln^t'es is so European an the native, lighting men
— ■ < • _ ancrent, or their history so
iha! wp 4 are tofally in the dark
Vesneet to their earlier caipe
nyz cr>ft.R unea.uoey, wr-,v* nan- ( j
n.iBvi i)*.iA-j®RZ rn y v-
n.*J, o^y/t o,sr- ojouh..! t>4:-i.t
i e+.if.l f'v.t• .c’, rerz E,«i:- r no c"-
1‘jf i K i'.tij o^f Go?y rw* o'*.i
•la^s is 'he small o.i\.
to have sprtiue up in Eastern >s'a,
I and w hich has since ravaged almost
every region on earth. Many • »*sti-
' fences, moreover, that for; eriv tri-
r. William, lu Maryville, E. ninphcd in ilesolutiou liuve ceased to
• rril'y in udkind, leatiug nothing,
save hie-igre description, to supply
their places; others aguin arc corn
ol.sei.ire. i nml caoipfollbu ers, wq C alike sc*
ark vt itli leeted, and all < qual.y sank within
QfJ its grasp. From the 14l it to the 20th,
»ij?»os ; (1 ! li' 4 ’ mortality h d hecuiue so exien
AGF.N IN.
ijp'-Kf'i .
G. iViilidme Calos
N'-w .Yoi-i
‘j.llvvs 0
■\j pj|.,s pjinwivciy modcril u i 'od i! .|j,,, )S : , s ||, f .
^ j ^ ‘'^‘.'Puiiii ic Vii ii.: and Y S11 o S Fever,
. , showing ilia! even diseases themselves
in iglijiur)-o o ,Ua a- jj|. 4 , s ( hjor't to a piogiessive cycle of
fmrn
jju.e,
'ha city lies sloop n- ;
<f,ic m » n to icjit 'r l,
4 v iwv-t o i it weeping/
Addenly', s'Cwviy,
Ur bUcat plague tl wv o’er it—
i Ik.i, ur. J • li- ]-.iv! ;
- ofth.usan is shall pcrislt—•
flic t.ving ha'l fly from
tli* d should cherish.** I)' 4 .' 1 him'V pci sons, jjhot aetjpaiidcd
Uvttosr. ! with ice “a 1 ore cf but!, spce.ies, have
els are not the only persons j confounded them Iliiiduston,
hiivo pmsoiclied th< plague, fitj Spasmodic (Me,lent .has proliaidy n|-
y youth, heforo the professional i tvays exist<*tl as a comparatively mild
lie had dttseeuded upon us, \ve climate disease, off cti
•Id in tin; union of portentous let- tain seasons of'the year a small, num-
P L. A. G. U E. the vcr'bal h«r ol uidiv idoa.ls i" various p i ts of
lesent. tive o' sumo sbapelcss . the count ry Ton opinion is couni/'O-
ister endowi'd w'itli hoiuoniverous , uuccd liy Hindoo authority. But
ivasilies. 'I'o sii ip the 'I'vphon I tlirre is no evidence to show that it
cvoi iiorn the enideiuic character un
til the year 1817 when it suddenly
broke out will) unprecedented ma
lignity- _ . f.._
Commencing among the inhabit-
lie uiicai tlilv xtci ior, to rciiuce
turn 1‘ alitv. wet; the necessary
ill of later experience. Touch-
ihis subject, ivc shall make a fo >
uiils tor the benefit of genera!
'-is; aiso to dear their vision
the mote facile impression o'.
Is. tie mysteries
. . '
otrtMedr
■ ta family of diseases cnmruonlv
led plaru.-s c pestilences, are
tiler more nil less than »t variety
cvers, with or without eruptions
It" skm, which have from time to
by spreading epidemically,
icd the ranks of mankind. These
jsivefli*xj t!»« stoutest hearts ivete
yi tding to despair. Tin? camp wore
the aspect of a general li\®iulul.—
The m dical officers, night iuid day
at their posts, were no longer able tc
administer to the numerous si- k, win
continued to pour in from eveiy
(juailcr. At tins time the scene w.n
si»ikin;;ly contrasted o what it hai
been a few clays before. Tho noisi
and bustle almost inseparable iron
the presence of a mnjiitudo of bu
man heiugs bad nearly subsided iul.a
stillness. Nothing was to be seen o
uuiioii, .save a sol it H i y individual.
liCiO and :liefer anxiously bur ying
from one flivisiptiPol the camp to in
tjniie after the fate of bis compau-
l.e tIn En»Usli Cholera. ns. Nothing w As to be heard but
the groans of tlm dying or the wailing
tor tiiC dead.
It was o'id-mit that such a stale of.
things could not continue liiuch jou-
gCi. Unless an tiniiiedialc chuck
was given to the mukatiy, it wou d
soon depopulate the cafrip. In this
emergency, it was fortunately dyter
mined by (he comitialider-iu-ehief
that ehauge oi'locality should be tri
ed as a last resource. 1 lie division
accordingly moved in a south-easter-
|v diieetion. In a short period the
Maiqiiis of bastings was enabled tti
transmit a despatch to the goveru-
u\.*t)t, intimating that havmg march-
tii i’ iiration and dcc;r.
Indian or Spasmodic Cholera, which
gives a i rune to, and forms tile imiuc-
diate obfcct of this paticr. is ols i a
pl ague of mo.dtM'ti oiiohV. 'flii's (iis-
casi* is in its o: incipijl symptoms nl
logetbcr ui
at
eCr-
vlqleiiee thaii upon tbc Continent
By the 15ili of September, 1819,
Mauritius .as included in,the Islands
iiuletfted. The disease did in t op
i peat until alter the arrival ol the
I 1 opaz frigate from Cejlcn f where
I Hie epidemic wiia then raging. Tay
'vessel, at tile lime ol Sailing, seemed j disease spre.ad to the northward
: healthy, but tluHiig tho passage the j Tclierau, tliruughoiu all Kurdista ti
Clioleia bud appeared a trio g theTonris. ‘ >
ereiv. lu Furl Louis 61) persons died ! In ih.* spring and aliiutnrij of 18?3,
daily, , i Diarbekir and Anliocli were ohm k?
In the adjacent island of Bourbon,! ed, and the disease rai aged-many of
the disease began early m D t ember, jlha towns along the - Asiatic suits of
' 1819. The Gotenior had odoplad |-lie. Mediterranean. Italsorxic tL
! ineasuios to interdict all commiiuica ed in an opposite course, at(air ing in
Lions yi illi Mauritius, but liolwilh-The Hi nth ol August. B ,ku, up u tl'e
stamlin, this, tup, b,bals from the i border ol the Caspjau sea. At leutihf
different islands held clandestine in-J in September, it reached tlie Russian
tercourse, and the contagion was iin-jeity ol Astracau, at lh« month oi ii e
pmted. 0; 25S pcisons seized with | Volga. It liibl broke (illt in (lie ma*
the disieiupei, 178 died. . rim* hospital. From the 2£d of
Dming the last six months of 1819, | 8e ( demt>er. to tho’ 9th of Octom-r,
the Cholera, pursuing its route to the ; l here dw d 144 patients, nearly tuo-
so ith and i*sisi, .had also invaded the * thirds ol all who had been attac ked.
iiulo-ChiuesB PctrVdsula. Siam re- Rigoro J measures were enforced by
ceiveu more than a proportional slip,-u the authorities for checking the i on-
cl tnislbrlu.ie. lu Bankok alone 4(V-; tagion, but it coutimfe® to ninnifV st
000 individuals ale said to h.ve tail- i sclf until the severity ol winter hed
-oil victims. The contagion marched j set in.
onw(Afc (o Malacca and Suigap su.l Altliot.gli Europe whs relieved
B. inei-iul of Ajtril, it was au.ic-ui'ced from the impendihg danger, hy l e
on the noi thorn coast o' Java. Du-! complete destnietion or exhaustion of
■ mg May it extended with violence j those parts 1 11 e co tagious etffieuts
the interior ot the island! which bail pen-iraicd ^to Astracau,
Co-liiii-Cliiiia and Totiquin were ! and t j the tiordcis id Egypt, yet the
• vailed in 1820. In December, of' cholera continued to reappear, every
,.,me year it entered Clnna, begin- i summer, in many of the countries pre-
iug its ravages at'Canton. Fekin j viotisiy infected, shewing tlmt the
, imiile.d the enemy in 1831, and du-jeold of w nlur had, in general, power
ring that and the follow mg year, the j to cheek is morbid influence upon
uioi lalily was so enoiinous, that col- i the human body, but not to destroy
lias and other luneia! rcuoisues wore! the mi sin altogctber. ^
necessarily furnished at the expense j «'i 1822, it appeared at Java, aed
of the jiublie trcasiiry, lor the mlei- carried «'ll 10U,dU0 people,
incut of 'lie poorer, classes. Num-i'’isi in I eruat^C ciebratrs
biers of people engaged in the pur.-uiis : da, m 1823, it first reached A rn b oy -
of husmess or pleasure, riding or wal- ! «a. I he inhabitants had no recollce-
king, were seen lo fall in the street^ ! tli«euse ever having been
exhausted by ihe sudien impression j in liiq Splec Island before,
of the disease, w hieb c..i rmd them mi wards it cnmmitTed great
a few hours 'Afterwards lb elerni- j l imor. I'm several years the cliol-
jura pursued its destructive cou.se
) Wc si)all now return to Bombay^ l UUough China. After desolating sev-
tind describe the course which the | eral.cities in Mongolia, it had-reach-’
»n the not til and west in its ! c'd tl;e fiouliers oi Siberia tit the. c d
s inmliiat island idwaids j'd the year 18^0. Ii 1’ebruary,
tin* coniines of Europe; mid liic route 1827, the disease fortunately lectit
by wliitiii at Iasi it was enabled to ed a che.yk during tlio prevalence of
After
and li i.ii-
Alter-
liavoe in
ants of Jcsso o, a to-vn 100 miles v.d ilfty miles, ho had at last fixed
N. E. of Cole, ui la, in loss than a- upon a dry and elevated soil, where
of a medical month it travelled ; long the course ol’ the postilcuee rapidly declined.
•oiielatui (vslt ill oe, as lar ob pos-1 the river to that city, having desola* j ^' !l . 4! Clio.lera now diieded tls
ted Ihe intervening villages. Before ! coiiHfc acrosMbt? Deccan advancing,
tli expiration of August, the native ; Di many instances, at the rate ol lit
population ol Calcuttawere attacked, i l,, en miles a day, and reiiituuing at
and early in September the disease ! various posts during u pci mu ol liom
was also maui csted among the Eu
ropeans.
Prout .1 anti-try to May, ISIS, the
pest licit 1 -c rag-^d with extreme vio-
ers n|)|ii. rs imder dwT rent Types, j I cnee, extended its destructive i ypy
J «grecs of immediate severity. i finance across Bengal, from Silbet
mope, liiougii less favbrahfe than! to Cuttack, mid towards tlie interior,
other quarters of the globe^o the i from the mouth of the G mges frt Its
ornling of elements of contagion in confluence with the Jufmia. a space
fiist instance, or to tho eduction J including 4-3 ; .) square miles
» epi letriic slate of the atmos
re, has been frequently visited by
blent ill diseases.
n 1348, during tl*e reign of Ed-
r<l III, a plague called the ‘ Black
ra^ed in England It had
"tiled in Chinn, and travelling
*1'1 aid, it committed great havoc
»’oUt Asia &tho wlialo o Europe.
fl .'ltjjtjt>n to violent fever, the dis-
s tvas ?t fi-s{ remarkable fol- a
,m g disnosilion to destroy flit*
S«. Aft er a time, it assumed the
«un aspect of the Egyptian
whicn. to n low debilitating
i adds swellings in the groins and
fill, leading, when favorably dis-
®d to supnuration. In London
iiOOpofsons died of this dbea'e.
Florence the mortality amounted
60 000
Leaving lE-ugal, the disease letircd
for-ioine time to the western, bank
of the Ganges and Jumna. In its
most maliguimi form it appealed at
Benares, where in two months
la.OHO persons .perished. -At Alla-
had 4d t or 50 died daily>_ To other
localities situated on either bank lltb
disease soon spread, i?nd (he utorlali-
ty was ccjually j^-reat. Ill the district
of Gr.rraknore, 30.000 were carried
off in a month. Tlteu suffered in
succession Lucknow, Cawnpors, l)el-
bi, Agra, Muttra, Dot:rat, 'aud Ba
reilly •
Between the 6lh and 7th of No
vember, the epidemic bad reached
(bo grand army, which, on tho ap
proach of the Pindarreo war, had
concentrated at Jabbnfporc, Mun-
dell.-.h aud Sanger, under the com
jn 148(J our island was traversed ! mand of the Marquis of Hastings —
»»oth(M rpecics of pestilence, flip I R consisted of 10,000 Hoops and
Wtirtg Sickness, Believiiig^t, lo, 80,000 followers. To the different
two to six weeks In this way it
reached ITo>Sf*inbad, whore the mor
tality was frightful for several days.
Taking tin* direction of the coa^t, it
arrived at Bombay- August, 1810.
Havi g crossed iht*ndian Peninsula
in twelve mouths from the date oi its
appearance in Calcutta.
Wc have thus boon able to trace
ill;* footsteps of this destructive .{rav-
ell-.r ihibiigh the countiy ol its birth.
Its measured rale of piogrtssion.pind
the occasional halts which it idiijle
for tie.finite (leriods in thickly ittliub-
itbd towns, m o worthy of remark, y.s
the tSjiidoiuic §iill retains llx^se chtjr-
aeteriStics. l-iko a -nascent liver,
its course has been at times direct or
devious; uniform or temporarily inter
rupted; appearing at various places,
not at the same period, but in suc
cession, either by tin gradual advance
of the main current, or of some do-
slribntive branches.
While the interior of llindosto'i
was submitting to this, the pestilence
had spread along tho coast of Mala
bar, and CofoinMidal, reaching Ma
dras the otlf of October. W idt hs
progress lierfe, a new and^ alarmiic-
fealuro » v as developed. 1 be possi
lulitv of tjansport-ing the contagion
hv sea was .evinced in its transit liom
Corotnandol to tho Island ol Ceylau.
epideu-j
a pr C
a s; rolig north w iml.
A'ler thtilirsi mtnsion, Persia Ind
several rcuunsol cbolerii. In Oc
tober 1829 ,i vcrv serious inroad
cu-iiiaic .ced in Teheran, the royal re-'
sideneo. But the o-cui rencc of.-■> in-’
ter stopped us j regress lor the time.
The contagion, however, was nga.i*
of
traverse tlie liussian E .-pire, tlneat-
ening in the present day, tlie neigh
boring European states.
In July. 1821, ihrotigh tho intpr*
course main'amod by s.iips I ratling
between Muscat, aad Arabia, the
contagion was exported to the latter.
Here the disease, destroyed t.'U,0U0. . . .
Mauv expired it n minutes after the resuscitated towards the miucile of
■ic- ess u. The cholera now spread ; June, 1830, in the provinces of ru-i?
lo different parts ..f the Pe.sianGulfJataudcion a-d Shin n upon the south/
to Bahrein, Busheer, iud Busgor?.! eru shore oi the Caspian bea. 1-iotn
It, Bassora, 18,Ot 0 individuals per-1 the loiter it passed mrough tl.e town
ished, of whom 14.000 died in a lort- • of Tauris, and destroyed 5-, 0( J0 f s
n j„ l)t ! inhabit mils. Crossing tlie It
From the Persian Gulf the Cholfcra ! frontier, it rapidly advanced lop d*
extended inland, in two directions, fol- j tho interior. In two. |iipymCes*4 ol
lowing the line of commercial mier- persons were seized wll-i
" ()„ „ne hand; it ascended ! dy, oi whom more Ihau a
the in..Irt-
tliiul tli--d
eutered TitTisd
soon diminished
from 30,0.00 to 8.000. by deaths, ni.if
H,c disease was^propagalcd into PeM migral.ou to avoid the distemper -
sia. la the city ol Shiraz, the pope-' l o aycrtlhc spreading mo.luli-y, the
the Euphrates, I reversing Mesepot - The 8th ot August it
«"*. si. ■»? 4 ««i Silk!
Bassora to Bagdad. Du the otlie.i,
sia. la tee city
I at ion of which is 40,000, there died
16,000 in the tiist low days. _ Among
tlie victims uas the Eas India Com
pany's ResiUr lit, Claudius (Lines
Rich, E;.q* lie bad retired to rest
hut sligh ly indisposed, in the morn
ing he was found dead in his bed.
"Extending through Pei sia, the con
tagion visited several districts in the
not ih aud toulli ol the kin’giftiui. Is*
pabnn escaped in consequence ofyUie
caravans from Shiraz heitp I'r.otiibit-
,.lo from entering the city. Tho route
dial was 'jbsliluted lay through
Yezd. This town paid dearly for
•In* vicarious vi^jVutioi4fcas 7,000 poi
sons wero afterwards away by
tho cholera. Duatfif 'ho succedmg
inbaoitauts had recourse to rcligi. os-
cei'Ctwcutcs and proccssioiyi, w hicb l-y-
collecting crowds only served to t-x-'
tend the disease. > *“ ' - (
In the ^iiicati time, by the the firsf
of July the malady had reached As-
lmean. Ten days' afterwards, 1829
individuals had been seized,-of w lioui'
more than a third died, including.
civil governor, and nearly all the of
ficers of police.
This was the second time, the de
voted city of Astracau had been \ is--
ileil by the' centajon. It was de-r
creed however, that the present at-
lack should not yield so readily as
the former, had done seven years.he«
fore* The resistless pi ogress which*