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COX ST IT T VlO X A IAST. PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY WflJd \M J. Conditions, A" ■;. For the CITY PAI'KR, twice a week, Five Dollars per amnio, payable in advance. COUNTRY PAPKR, once a week, Three Dollars per annum, in advance. Xo paper disconlinned till directions to that effect are given and a)I arrearages PAID. TKRM9. . . . Five Dollars per annum payable in advance ADVERTISEMENTS .... Will be inserted at the rate of 9i»iy-two und » half cents, per square, for the first insertion an.! F irly-thr'e and u»rr. quarter cents, lor each continuance {ty- COM M U NIC ATIONS by Mail, mutt he Post paid. Sales of land and negroes, by Administrators, Executors 9 ’or Onardians, arc required, \>y law, to be held on ‘he first Tue day in the month, betwocrrtUe hours of leu in (be forenoon and three in tin*afternoon, «t the Court House of the comfy m winch the properly is Striate.— Notice ol these ih e* mnsthe ,riven in a public gazette SI\TY days previous to the day ol sale. Notice of the sale of personal property must he given in like man ne.r, FORTY days previous to the day of sale. Notice to the. debtors and craditorsof an estate must be published for FORTY days. Notice that application will be made to tin* Court of Ordinary fur leave to sell land, must be published for NINF. 4 ON I'llS. iittiittvaV Wall’s Ale van tvs, Os the Campaign of the North Western' Jinny, in the year 1813. Addressed to the people of the United States, No. XUI. I As the letter of the Secretary of the de- i partment of war of the 2lih of June, au- ’ thorized me to commence olfe naive opera- I tio is, and gives assurances, in belulf of the < government, to Ihe inhabitants of Canada, i of protection, in tlieir persons, property, ’ and rights ; I shall now state the reasons, which induced me to make the invasion, and < issue the proclamation, when iht army land-] cd on the Canada shore. The authority given to commence offen sive operations, was absolute. There was no qualifications.—Nothing was left to my discretion. I'he intention of this order is very clearly explained, by another order! contained in the same letter. “ Should the force under my command: be equal to the enterprise, consistent with] the safety of our other posts, I was ardeivd to take possession of Malden, &c.” In this case, the authority was not absolute,] but the measure was left to mv discretion. If, therefore, I had not commenced, offen sive oo ’rations, the expectations of the go vernment would have been disappointed. Situated, however, as this army was, there were other verv strong reasons for the measure. The enemy were erecting forti fications on the opposite bank, directly op posite to the town of Detroit. Ibis ba ik Is a little in ne elevated, than the one on the American side of the river. Had the ene my, therefore, been permitted to have fin ished the fortifications, and armed them with cannon, the town of Detroit would have been greatly annoved, and the situa tion of the army made uncomfortable, To A. . 1 UuAt. aiu' l *'." t' l *I. I.J p. tU O , t thought both expedient and necessary. I’he possession of b *tli banks, would give its (he command of the river, and prevent the ene my from sending supplies to the garrisons on bake Union. There were other objects, under the cir cumstances 1 was placed, which render the measure expedient. The delay of only one or two days, in collecting and repairing the boats, urn I in making the necessary prepar ations increased the impatience, which had been before manifested and it arose almost to mutiny. This spirit was ftstered, and inflamed generally by the officers of the militia ; what the motives were, whether they were an expectant »n of plunder, £ will not pretend to say With many of them, however, they proved to be an unsteady, wayward spirit; as about two hundred of them refused to accompany the at my, al lodging as a reason, that by law, and by their engagements, thev were not obliged to march out of the LI. Sbues. Another object, which I considered of great importance, was, to preserve the neu trality of the inhabitants nl Upper Cam da, and (he siviges, and to prevent them from joining the British standard. I confidently hoped, when the inhabitants beheld the A nericaii forces in the posses sion of their country, and in a situation to afford them protection, it would be a strong inducement to them to remain quietly at their homes, and take no part in the war. 1 believed, when the Indians discovered the American standard elected on both sides of the river, it would have a favoura ble effect, and induce them to return to their villages, ami take no part in a war,in 1 which they hail no interest. At this time there was no information that Michillimack inack had fallen, and there were some grounds, that these expectations would ne realized. There was another reason, which most powerfully urged me to take possession of the enemy’s country. It was to draw from it provisions and forage for the support of my army, and to intercept, as far as possi ble, the supplies from the river be Trench, to the British garrison at Malden. In the course of these memoirs, 1 shall exhi >it the small quantities of provisions, which were at Detroit, the s(h of July, on mv arrival that none arrived afterwards, tint in the Territory of Michigan, there was not a I sufficiency for the inhabitants, and that the whole stock would have been exhausted, long before the capitulation, had not an ad dttional supply been obtained from the in habitants of Canada. The supply indeed! was small, but it had a double operation p as it increased our stock and diminished that of tne enemy. It wa* Aiken princi pally from mills on the river be Trench,! where it had been prepared for the garrison at Malden. 1 have stated these reasons, for the invasion of Canada, nut that the go vernment made it one of the articles of barges against me. This indeed, could iot have been done, because it was bv its own order ; but I have done it to satisfy some of my fellow citizens of its expediency, who have attached blame to me for the measure, under the circumstances, in which 1 was placed. Had it not been done by the or ders of the government, there is no doubt it would have been one of the first charges , _ ~ against me, for which I should have been condemned. These are the reasons, which induced me to commence offensive operations, and not with a view to storm the British fort at Mal den, with undisciplined ami mutinous mili tia. My letter to the Secretary of War, which has been recited, is conclusive evi dence on this subject, 1 repeat the words. “ The British command the water and the savages ; 1 do not thyik the force here c qual to 'he reduction of Arnhertsburg, (the [fort at Malden,) you therefore must not be too sanguine.” The following correspondence is perfect ly unique. Why is it published? asksev"- ry body. Is it to show to other nations how well an officer of rank in <>ur navy, celebra ted as a disciplinarian, and remarkable fur exacting the strictest obedience from his subalterns, can beard and brow beat, those who are placed in authority over him ? The worthy Commodore in penning his indepen dent reply to the order of the Secretary, must have forgot one of the most striking incidents ofliis own eventful life [ Nii-folk Herat I. Navy Department, 27dv De . 1834. Sir—Your letter of the 15th November last, relating to he extraordinary transac tions at Faxard t, in the Is'an I of Porto Ri- Ico, on the —of that inoiuh, has been consid ered. i It is not intended, at this time to pro nounce au opinion on the propriety of th s 'i transactions on your part, but their ini,nr ’ tance demands for them a full invesnga ■ lion, and you will proceed, without urine cessary delay, to this place, to furnish such ex plana'ion* a* may lie requir d of every tiling connected with their cause, origin, pro egress and termination. For that purpose, ; you will bring with you tlo>se officers whose testimony is necessary, particularly Uieut. Platt, and such written evidence as you may supnpse useful. You will return in such convenient vessel as may he best spared from the squadron, and on your leaving the station, you will 'deliver the command to Captain Warring ' ton, with all such papers, instructions, and ■ inf donation, as may be useful to enable him •jin the most effectual manner to accomplish 1 ~U *l.o oUjruis fin wnicll Itie vi-»»rts oow un * dei your command, were placed there. ’ I am, very respectfully, fixe. SWIL. L. SOUTHARD. » Com t David Dorter, Coalman ling ) U S, Naval Forces, IV. Indies, t GutJ of Mexico, fyc, J U. S. Ship John Adams, > Thompson's Island, Jan. 30, 182.5. y ; '■'ir—l have the honor to acknowledge ' the receipt of your orders of 27di ult. io forming me of your reception of mine of [ the I.‘sth of November, relating t- what on hTve been pleased to term “ tne extraor dinary transactions at Faxardo,” and re : calling me from my command for a full in vestigation of m}'conduct in that affair. ’ Agreeably to your orders I shall leave this place for Washington • without unne ' cessary delay,” and,have taken measures to obtain all the testi nony necessary, and such written e\idence as 1 supposed useful, a id, ' on my arrival in the U died States, shall .’hold myself ready to justify my conduct in every particular, not only by the laws of nations and of nature, and by highly ap proved precedent, but, if necessary, by the orders of the Secretary of the Niuy. To use the emphatic language of Mr. Ad -1 ams, “ By all the laws of neutrali y and war, as well as of prudence, and humanity,” I 1 was wirranted in chastising and intimolat- I ing toe authorities of a place woo had not only become the allies and protectors of outlaws and pirates, but our active enemies, bv the imprisonment and forcible detention of an American officer, while in the per formance of his du ies.—“ There will need,” ' [continues Mr. Adams.] “ no citation from I I pnnled treatises or int unatioiul law, to prove the correctness of this principle, li | is engraved in adamant on the common isense ot mankind. No writer upon the laws of nations ever pretended to contra diet it; none of any reputation or authority 1 ever omitted to insert it.” I lam willing, sir, to submit, my conduct i in this affair to (lie strictest investigation, I and if I cannot fully justify it, I, shall cheer ■ fully submit to the severest punishment that , can bo inflicted. But, if it shall appear ■ that Tne motives which influenced me were ; Collided in patriotism; that the necessity! tor my conduct really existed, ami that) liny vindication is written in every page of! the law of nations, as well as the first law. of nature, self-defence,” I shall then hope 1 that atonement will be made for this firci ' , file withdrawal, for an alleged (fence, from my command, by restoring me to my for mer station and allowing me to retire from it in a manner m > e honorable, to mvself, jand my country, and leas inj irious to mv feelings and character. i ' Tins, sir, will be an aet of justice that I [hope will not be denied to me. 1 have the honor to be, witlfgru|HMpect, your obedient servant, D. P(VhR. Hon. Samuel L. Southard, of the Navy. Extract of a /"tier from Com. Porter to the Hon. Secretary of the Navy, dated W ash ington, March 16, 182 5. “ Officers continue to make to me their reports and to request of me orders. Not knowing whether the Department still con siders me in command of the West India squadron, I have been at a loss how to act. VV ill you be pleased to instruct me on the subject. “ I have the, honor to be with great res pect, your obedient servant, D. POUTER. “ Hon. Samoel 1.. Southard .” Extract of a letter from the Hun S. L. Southard to Commodore Porter, dated Navy Department, 16//t \larrh, 182.5. “ Ii was the intention of the Department, in ordering Captain Warrington to he West Indies, to relieve you from the command of the squadron there. 1 am respectfully, &r. “ SAMUEL L. SOUTHARD. "Corn. D. Porter.U. S. Vary—Present.” V\w V*U\.aiv. The follow! gt rrifi description of the es lects of this desolating malady, during one id its visitations in London, we copy from Rothdan, Mr. (fih s last novel : “ In its malignancy, it engrossed the ill of all other in deities, and mgde doctors despi cable Os a potency equal to death, it poss essed itself of all his armour es, and was it self the death fevery other mortal distem per. The toui h, yea, the very sight of the infected was dea Iy*.nd it- signs were so sudden, that tam'd«-sVented in happiness at their meals, have seen ihe plague-s, ot begin to redden, andjj„ve wildly scattered ; em selves for ever. The cement f socle ye as isselved by it. M theis, when they saw the sign of the infection on the babes a their busmn, cast them from ihem wi abnor rn're. Wild p ace-. were smiglit f»- shel ter ; some went into slips md a irhpred t themselves afar o( n th- waters. Pmr the (angel that was pouring (he vial had a foot on .jthe sea as well a< car d land. N place was so wild, that the plague did not | visit ; none so seer tha the q i k sight • i pt*s 'nice did noi discover ; none could ll> r that it did not overtake. “ It was as il Heaven had repented the I making ot mankind, and was shovelling them all into the se) ulchre. Justice was | forgotten, and her courts deserted. The t- rrilied gaolers fled from the fel ns that I weie in letters ; the innocent and the guilty , leagued themselves together, a-nd kept with , in their prisons for ’salelv ; the grass grew . in t e market (ilac.es ; the cattle went moan in ; up and down (he fields, wondering whal had become of their keepers ; the r ioks a i I he ravens came into tne towns, and built heir nests in the mute helf b s ; siler.c ■ was universal, save when some inlecled wretch was s-eti clamouring at a window. “ For a time II commerce was in coffins and shrouds; but even that ended. Soiifi there was none : churches and chapels were open, but neither priest nor penitent enter ed ; all w >nt to the charnel house. I lie ! sexton and the physician were cast in o the same deep and wide grave; the testator a.ul his heirs and executors were hnrleij from the same cart into the same hole toge thei. Fires became extinguished, as if it« , element too hid expired; the semis of ihe jsailoriess ships yawned to the sun. Tim’ ( 'I ’"l's were open, and coffers unwatched, t lit i e was no theft; all off nces ceased, and no cnm. but toe universal woof the pesti lence was heard of among men. The welis overflowed, and the condu : ts ran to waste; the dogs bandeit themselves together, hav ing lost their masters, and ran howling over all the land ; horses perished of famine in their stalls ; old Mends but looked at one another when th-v met, keeping themselves tar aloof; little children went wandering up and down, and numbers were seen dead in all corners, N>r was it only in England I that the pi igue so raged ; it travelled over • a third part of the whole earth, like the shadow of an eclipse, as if some dreadful thing had ben interposd b-tween the woi Id and the sun-souroe of 1 ile.■ 5 ’ , * * * * * At that epoch, foi a short time there was ia silence, and every person in the street, for a moment stood sidl j and L hiUoil was as dam ias i churchyard. Again the sound of a bell was heard ; tor it w.is that sound, so long unheaid, which airested the fugi tive multitude, and raised tn-ii- silence.— At the third toll a uiuve. -al shout arose, as when a herald proclaims the tidings of a gi eat battle won, and then there was second silence. i'he peopl foil on their k -ees, and with anthems of tii.iukiulness rejoiced in the dis jmal -mind ot that tolling d.-atli-bell ; for i I was a signal of (he plague being so abited, jiliat men might again mourn for their friends ■land It dlnw their remains with tiie solemni ties of burial. I I Ji Remedy for (irPf. — Die Marshal de M mdty m., in’. lined,- Mi.tt the i.' of pi geons posse-sed a con-.ding vlrt ie ' ocn cver this nobleman Ins friend >. i,iinn be said tohi-.cn k, “Let mo hu •■us pi g-mis for dine I-• da*. —1 have .<! v.i --i e- I mark d (io idded )tnt after !i . 11 . _ ea ■ , two pigeons, I rose from die u,de much less j Sorrowful.” i P In compliance with established usage, the Board of Directors of the Free School pre sent their annual report to the Society of the actual cunditiortaMid future prospects of the ’ school. This institutioir; which was indebted for existence to that class in our community, * ever foremost in the cause of active benevo t lence, has, since the period of its organiza • ion increased the number of its supporters, i silenced the fears of the incredulous, and , realizid for its friends their most sanguine ; anticipations of its future usefulness. By reference to the proceedings of the last annual meeting, it will appear, that the Society resolved to authorize the Board of Directors to suspend for a lime (if necessary) the usual exercises of the school. This res olution was adopted, in consequence of the i embarrassed situation of the institution ; which not only then, but almost from its com mencement, had laboured under the pressure of pecuniary diflicul ies, from which it was . feared that the zeal and liberally of its triends would be found insufficient to re lieve it. These apprehensions have happily van , ished, and from the application of the means within the cunt i ol of the board, and the per sonal exertions of some of its members, the clouds which ovet shadowed the prospects of this institution at the last annual meeting, begin to disappear. During the last session of the Legislature. , application (by petition was made for relief, and from the favourable manner in which it was regarded by the country members, to gether wi h the urgent representation of the claims of this society to the justice and liu ■ inanity of several of the members of the Le gislature, by a member of this board—that honorable body, listened with attention to the prayer of our petition, and in accordance 1 therevi ith, gave to our Inferior Court a dis cretionary power in the disposal of a part of 1 the county funds—which, from (he well known disposition of the members of that Court, and the favorable eye with which the sHiool is regatded by them, will, it is cm ■ fidently believed, be so applied, as greatly I to rein ve it from the weight of its present, anil most pressing obligations. 1 0 i reference had to ike last annual re port of the Treasurer, it will appear, that the ndeb's then due by the society, to which add to- estimated expenditure of the ensuing year, would slo-w an aggregate amount of §ISOO. To meet this demand as far as pra- icable, re-nurse was had .o the mem > bers for tne a nount -f their subsciiptions ; 1 and donations of small amount received from ‘ sundry individuals ; —wnicb proving insuf [ fioent, imin> diat application was made to the Honorable the Inferior Court of this ’ county, who cheerful'y, and with prompti tude, ordered 'he payment of 55500 —ma- king an aggregate sum received by the Trea -1 -ur r as exhibited in his report, 0f551,191 50 —S' owing a balance due and unpaid at the end o[ the year, ol g 365 62 tor which (with " tne current expens s of the year now ensu -1 ing) provision must be made. I o enable the Treasurer to meet these * demands, an order has been obtained from 1 (he county Court for the amount of the •chool fund set apart by the Legislature to tins count -,, amounting to 55401 60, which, with a fmther sum expected from the libe rality >f the court, and the usual sub&crip ions and donations when collected, will, it 1 is believed, provide a fund, which will en able the Treasury to meet alt just demands 1 that may be made on it. | The Hoard are pleased to have it in their power to present this view of the pecuniary 1 situation of the institution—which, though gratifying as compared w ith its prospects at the last annual meeting, is nevertheless, not without apprehension, in as much, a* no ; permanent fund has yet been established for its future maintenance and support, and it must, until then chiefly depend on the ac tive and benevolent exertions of its friends i for the means to perpetuate its existence; and extend the sphere of its usefulness. I The Board have pleasure in noticing, the j mild, yet firm demeanor of the teacher in j the discharge of his duties, and his zealous endeavours to promote the objects of this society. From the reports of the weekly visiting committees, and committees of examination, the board take pleasure in deducing the facts, that the general average number of ; scholars in attendance during the last year and tne several quarters of it, is much the 1 same with that which preceded—that their progress in general is rapid, and in some in-, ’ stances beyond what miglrt have been ex-] peeled—that (lie institution is generally: popular, and more particularly so amongst; 'jtho<e whose children receive gratuitous ed-. : location. It is however believed, dial there] .ire children within the limits of (his city,' who do not participate in the benefits which i 1 this school otters to the indigent, and who] are otherwise without the means of educa tion —that there are parents who, from per ■ laps an excessive, or morbid sensibility, * would shun that exposure of penury, indi-j rated by the acceptance for their children of (he advantages of this public charity—that there .ire others, who, depraved or ignorant, ;; neglect or contemn for themselves and their -■r d lien its proffered benefits ; —if any of •'these suggestions have foundation in reality, ii it will n-q ii.-e no argument to stimulate the inr .bers ot this society to the due perfor ■, .on -ico of tii-dr duty—to encourage the timid ai d ;-rsitive mind to overcome the obsta >.c 1• s, wVch before appeared insuperable—to (array before the careless, the depraved cr the indifferent, die pure and unalloyed plea-, sure they have neglected, and the misery thus entailed in endless progression on their unfortunate offspring-—to endeavour to give expansion to the human intellect, to fast ion it so, as to enable it to discern the true char acter and government and laws of the great ruler of the universe, and the various inter ests by which it is surrounded in society. The board would abstain from the dis cussion of the question, whether man is any thing more than education, and the cir cumstances in life (by which he has been surrounded) have made him?— or the ex pression of any opinion on this contested point :—bat they feel it to be their duty to express their belief, that much of that hap piness or misery which is discovered in the character and conduct of man, may be tra ced to die circumstances to which in early life he has been subjected, and the educa tion he has received. From these, as chief inciting causes, flows that infinite variety of character which is to be found »~ mankind, which d'-" 1 ' ery condition of 1 man to man, and o n predisposing the n I the great concern 1 a future state n tie and civil governn To what, it ma nevolent feelings of this society in . ), so as to produce beneficial eft’ecte of society, than to give exicnaim. culties of the youthful mind, to enable it to continue a system of pi ogre-si ve improve ment throughout life—to enable it to dis cern and perform with more accuracy thfr duties it owes to the author of its exist ence, with more enlarged conceptions of his character and attributes, their perfect uni- i son with each other, and with a proper un derstanding of that revelation which he has been pleased to give of himself. To un derstand and perform the relative and po sitive duties which he owes to himself and to his fellow man—to understand and duly to appreciate the rights which are his fpoin nature, and to vindicate them under such conventional regulations of the society in which he lives, as wdl most conduce to his own and the general good. Finally : without indulging in visionary speculations, the board may be permitted to express the belief, that by the aid of human means, the mind of man will be so much expanded, and the stock of knowledge so much increased, as in due time to accom plish and fulfil the long recorded visions of prophecy, “ when the lion and lamb sliall lie down together”—when the light of the moon shall “ be as that of the sun—and the light of the sun seven fold, as the light of seven days.” Augusta Free School Society tu account with Augustus Moor« Treasurer. * htl. —To balance due the Treasurer per last stala nit nt,- jo 31 I3ds—Paid one year’s salary to Teacher, from Jst November 1823, to Ist November 18*24, 1,000 Paid incidental charges for Books, &c. &c. 1U 92 Paid discounts on money borrowed, 27 Paid note due per statement of last yfljar 370 Paid Teacher’s salary from Ist Nov. 1824, to Ist March, 1825, 235 1757 12 To balance brought down due to the Treasurer, 5 tp cu 1824—8 y amount cf collections subscriptions and *o nations this year from Upper Ward, 254 By amount of ditto, from Middle Ward, 240 56 By amount of ditto, from Tower Ward, 66 By amount received by M iss fi. Caulfield for subscriptions of ladies for 1823, 85 By donation from tiie City Council, re ceived by them for a room used for ex hibiting the Shipwreck of the Albion, IS By donation of K. Kelchum, Ksq. of New-lork, 10 By donation of the Inferior Court of thic County, 500 By lition money received this year, 21 By money borrowed in notes vet unpaid, 660 By balance due to the Treasurer, 6 62 AUGUSTUS MOORE, Treas’r. 2 Augusta, 26th March, 1825. ’ Li'itof Directors of the Free School. Rev. WM. MODERWEL, President. THU’S. GUMMING, Vice Pres’t. AUGUSTUS MOORE. Treasurer. 1. HENRY, Secretary . ANDERSON WATKINS. JOHN MOORE. PETERHENNOCH. H. H. GUMMING. JOHN BONES. , A. HUTCHINSON. JOHN CAMPBELL. ROB. A. REID. T. G. CASEY. 111 111 1 Canada. —In the House of Assembly of Lower Canada, on the 11th ult. a committee ( [reported that “ (he Commercial intercourse ibeuveen (bis Province and the United States jwould be considerably improved to the ad vantage of His Majesty’s subjects in this Province by permitting United states Flour to be entered under bond lor exportation, which migtH be exported from the ports of Quebec and Montreal free of duty, but ■should be chargeable with the existing du ties in case of its consumption in this Pro vince : and that all articles whereof the im portation into this province from the United |,States, is permitted by law, should be per mitted to be imported into this province by , inland navigation in crafts or vessels of any description whatever.” It was resolved on the same day, that to , encourage the intercourse between Quebec ■ and Halifax, it is expedient to grant die ■ sum of £.500 annually for three years to the 1 first person or company who sliall cause a ■ steam vessel of 500 tons or upwards to i built and regularly navigated between thos t $ ports. indistinct print