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T. DkWOLV K.J. YAUIXGTO2C....T. GILBERT.
TIIOS. GILBERT & (U,
luclitors and Propidei oi’.s.
SUBSCRIPTIONS.
For one year, pay able in advance 00
For six niuatin, payable in advance 1 25
ADVJSRTISJSMENTS.
Advertisements will be inserted in the V.ei-kly
Sun at ouu dollar per square (ten lines or less in
nonpareil type,) for the first insertion, and fifty
cents for eacli subsequent Insertion of the same.
Professional and other cards, not esc< edfng five
linos, inserted six months for eight dollars, or for
twelve months at fourteen dollars.
Announcements of candidates for a time not ex
ceeding three months, five dollars; for ail time
over three months, at the rate of two dollars per
month—pay required in advance.
Tuesday September 20, 1859.
The amount remitted home by the Irish
in America, last year, to assist the immi
gration of their friends and relatives
hither, is said to be 52,360,000.
The State tax paid in Georgia is said
to be the lowest in any State of the Union.
The tax levied for the support of the
State Government is only seventy seven !
cents on the thousand dollars.
The Courts of the 81 .> Judicial Circuit
of Alabama commenced in Pike county
Monday the 12th. Barbour Circuit Court
begins the 17th of October, and Return
L) ty will therefore be the 27th of this
month.
As an indication of the unusual activity
of the New York Fall trade, it is stated by j
a paper of that city, that draymen have j
been often compelled to wait twenty-four j
hours in aline leading to the Charleston ;
and Savannah steamships, and merchants |
pay by the hour for such service.
Special elections are to by held in three !
Congressional Districts to fill vacancies :
occasioned by the deaths of the lion. T. j
L. Harris, of Illinois; lion. Cyrus Spinck, !
of Ohio, and lion. Win. 0. Goode, of I
Virginia. These gentletnciTliave all died j
since their election.
The cash transactions for the Otli, at |
the New York Sub-Treasury, were as j
follows: Total receipts, $97,001 47; to- j
tal payments, $77,410 72; leaving a bal- !
ance on hand of $4,054,211 20. The re j
ceipts for duties the same day at the j
Custom House were $52,700 14.
Crops lu Wilcox.
The Camden (Ala.) Journal, says every
body seems to be actively engaged in
gathering cotton. The complaint of short
crops on account of the late rains, worms,
etc., continues unabated, and a very short
crop seems to be expected by ail.
Mllledgcville Dailies.
The two papers at Milledgeville—the
Recorder and Federal Union—havedeter
mined to issue daily during the ensuing
session es the Legislature. Price of the
daily during the session sl, to be paid in
advance.
The Louisville Courier states that Col, !
Chrisman, Democratic candidate for Con- j
gress in the 4th District of Kentucky, in •
the late election, has notified Mr. Ander- j
son Opposition candidate, who received j
the certificate of election, that lie intends !
to contest it.
Revival at Milledgeville.
The Recorder, of Tuesday, says:—
“We have a gracious revival of religion
now progressing in the Baptist Church
in this city. The spirit of God seems to \
be moving upon the souls of many, mak
ing glad the hearts of the ministers and j
all God’s people.”
From an advertisement of the President
of the Alabama and Florida Rail Road,
we learn the Company will open au office
in Greenville, Alabama, on the first day
of October, for the sale of 394,437 acres
of land on and near the tract of said road,
donated by the government to aid in its
construction. The land is to be sold at
valuation. Terms—One fourth cash ; j
the balance on time, two and three years i
credit.
+
The Lucas Will Case* Decided.
The Montgomery Advertiser ol'ycster
day says, the Lucas Will case about which
so much has been saiJ, was decided in
the Probate Court of Lowdnes county on
Saturday night. The verdict of the jury
sustaiued the will in every particular.—
As about half a million dollars is involv- j
ed, we presume it will be taken to the
Supreme Court.
CoS ton Crop of Troup.
A letter to the Augusta Dispatch from
Troup county, dated Lagrange, Sept. 7,
says : “ 1 may differ with you about the j
growing crop; I speak of Georgia only;
it will be less than the last crop. Troup
county will certainly be so ; there is not
a planter in this county that I have con
versed with but tells me his crop will be
less than the last one. The opinions
given ten or twelve days since, will not
do to depen J on now.”
imports of Foreign Dry Goods into
Kew York.
The imports of dr}’ goods for the week
run ahead of the corresponding week in
either of the two previous years. The
Journal of Commerce of the 10th, says
the total entered for warehousing is just
about equal to tbe withdrawal for con
sumption :
For the week. 1557. ISSS. 1559.
Filtered at the port.s2,CS4 438 $2,019:13452,097,925
Thrown on market. 1,911,115 2,141.475 2,094.724
Since Jan. Ist. 1857 ISSB. 1559.
Futered at port. $7 8 200,450 $43,703,032 $89.027,516
Thrown on m'kt. 75,590 973 60.564.198 88,980,085
It seems to be fated that New Orleans
shall not be free from the presence of
epidemics. So far the season has beeu un
precedentedly healthy, and free from the
visitations of the scourge of yellow fever ;
but disease, as if abhoring the vacuum,
has filled it with an epidemic of suicides,
which like accidents seem always to pre
vail thus. The Delta of the 10th says, it
is adding not a few victims to tbe weekly
bills of mortality, and has never before
known so many deaths in that city from
the same cause.
Legislative Nominations.
In Dooly county, William Beverly,
Esq., lias been nominated for the Senate,
an i B. B. Hamilton, Esq., for the House.
Mr. Hamilton however, has since with
drawn from the contest.
In Thomas county, the Democracy
have nominated lion. Jas. L. Seward for
the Senate, and J. H. Whaley, Esq., for
the House.
In Baldwin county, Briscoe have been
nominated for the Senate, and Robert 11.
MsComb for the House.
Receipts of Cotton at Galveston.
The Galveston Civilian, in its annual
statement, says:
The receipts of the closing commercial
year, at this port, sum up 150,016 bales,
being an increase of 31,688 over the re
ceipts of the last year, which exceeded
the r ceipts of the year previous to the
extent of 46,938 bales. The year ending
August 31, 1857, however, was not an
average, the cr.sp falling 18,908 bales
short of the preceeding year. Such, in
fact, has been the irregularity of the sea
sons, for the past ten years, that it is im
possible to fix an exact ratio of increase.
VOLUME III.}
The Homicide on tsc Nashville ;
Since the publication of the card of the
passengers on board the steamer Nash
ville, the Charleston Mercury has re
ceived further information from passen
gers on the ship, and residing or remain
ing in Charleston. They agree that the
McElroy alleged to have been killed by
! the engineer was intoxicated, and per
i haps sea sick, and that his cries proceed
-1 ed from the agony and delirium of h!s
| situation. It does not learn .that Capt.
’ Murray was implicated, save H orn a con
i structive'responsibility as master of tire
vessel. After the inquest was held, one
! of the jurors waited upon the Attorney
General and made an affidavit, stating he
was dissatisfied with the verdict.
Two laborers of the Nashville were
brought before a Magistrate and by their
testimony, it appeared that McElroy, on j
Monday, left the engine room and went
up into the forecastle, where he sat down,
holding his head in his hands, complaining
that he was sick. The engineer, needing
i his services, followed him to the forecas
to and ordered him to work. McElroy
replied that he was sick. The engineer
told him that he was “shamming,” and
took him by the collar, and drove him
below, with no more abuse than is cus- j
tomorary in such cases. McElroy at
tempted to work, and went through one
watch ; but upon a subsequent watch,
gave in and lay upon tbe fioor, the engi
neer not allowing him to leave the room.
In the evening, however, he was carried
above by two firemen, for he had become
the attention of the ship’s
company was devoted to him. He died
during the night.
Upon this testimony, the engineer was
arrested and bold to bail in the sum of
$20,000, which is the present condition
of the case.
+ ■
T3ie Georgia Platform.
lion. J. J. Day, formerly Speaker of
the lower house of the Georgia Legisla
ture, has written a letter expressing his
views of the political questions of the
day. Among others is the following, giv
ing his opinion of the Georgia Platform
and the propriety of amending it, so as
to make the election of a Black Republi
can President, the cause for dissolving
the Union:
The resolutions known as the Georgia
Platform emanated from the people of
Georgia in their sovereign capacity, were
approved and adopted throughout tho
Southern States, and acknowledged to be
just and right by a portion of the people
at the North. The principles and decla
rations laid down in that platform had a
most salutary effect; they were looked
upon as land marks, by which the people
would be guided ; they inspired confidence
throughout the country and allayed for a
time the feverish excitement previously
existing.
They said to the northern freesoiler,
thus far you can go, but no further.—
Their influence reached even the Halls of
Congress and exerted an influence there;
hence they ought not to be disturbed.
The election of a black republican to
the Presidency of the United States,
under the forms of the Constitution, al
though much to be dreaded by the South
ern people, would not of itself justify a
disolution of the Union.
To be successful we must always keep
ourselves right and let our adversaries be
wrong. If a Black Republican adminis
tration should adhere to the provisions
of the Constitution and violate none of
the principles laid down in the Georgia
platform, how could we expect to unite
the Southern people in dissolving the
Union ? Though we may have but little
to hope for from such a quarter, I would
say act in good faith and give them a
fair trial.
When our rights shall be assailed—
when tbe Constitution shall be trampled
on, and we reduced to the alternative of
living in the Union in dishonor and dis
grace, or severing the ties that now bind
us together, then let cur cry be, dissolu
tion in an hour.
Comparative Demand for Wlieat
Abroad, and at Home.
As an evidence of the great demand for
wheat at home, and the comparative in
significant demand abroad we subjoin the
following statistical facts: The total ex
ports to Great Britain and other coun
tries to the Ist of Sept., 18-50, were
j 0,809,284 bushels: to Ist Sept., 1851,
13,708,035; to Ist Sept., 1852, 14,785,-
404; to Ist Sept., 1853, 20,418,407; to
; Ist. Sept., 1854, 21,238,897 ; to Ist Sept.,
1855, 25,397,334; to Ist Sept., 1850, 27,-
| 827,845; to Ist Sept., 1857, 24,430,014;
to Ist Sept., ISSB. 21,646,148; to 18th
Aug., 1859, 7,470,428.
For tbe last tea years the average ex
ports to Great Britain have been 9,127,-
777 bushels; to other countries, 7,050,-
342. For the past ten years the average
crop of wheat has been over 150,000,000
bushels, while the average exports have
amounted only to 16,778,119 bushels in
cluding wheaten flour. Should the ex
port demand fail this year the foregoing
figures show conclusively that the United
States will suffer no serious loss, so long
as there is such a demand for cereals at
home.
“James McKean, a Public School
teacher, but believed to be a good man.”
The New York Daily News, of the 9th
inst.. publishes a list of delegates appoint
| ed to represent Tammany Hall in the
: State Convention, and gives an analysis
!of the personnel of the delegation. The
17th District will be represented by Jas.
! McKean, above mentioned, who the News
represents to be “a public school teach
er, but believed to be a good man.” The
antithesis thus made by the word but,
seems to imply that teaching, as a pro
fession in 2s ew York city, is below par,
or he standard of moral qualification is
very low. We often hear the phrase
“poor, but honest,” though rarely the
expression “ a teacher, but believed to
be a good man.”
The Nineteenth Century, of the 10th',
says Mr. Holcomb's corps 6f Engineers,
having completed the preliminary survey
of the Fort Valley and Brunswick Bail
lload, are now busy in tracing a profile
of the country, preparatory to drawing a
map of the line. The deepest cut on the
whole line is 18 feet, and about 200 feet
long, and the highest embankment 25
feet, aud 800 feet long. The whole dis
tance surveyed, from Fort Vally to the
junction, is i-34 miles.
lion. 11. B. Lindsay, formerly Senator
from Franklin county, Alabama, is a can
didate for Solicitor of the 4th Judic:al
b ircuit ot that State. Should he be elect
ed, unfortunate individuals on the lower
side of the versus will be in a dangerous
fix. Juries, also, would come in for a
share of compassion, for he is the most
flippant and uutinug speaker extant. In
this particular, he was the Samford of
the Alabama Senate.
T he first bale of cotton, of the new crop,
received in Liverpool, was sold at
It classed Strict Middling, with good
staple-
Tlie Port of tlie World.
Chambers’ Journal has published some
interesting facts regarding Liverpool, the
greatest sea port of England and of the
world. In 1857 nearly one half of all
tbe products of England were exported
from Liverpool. Out of about $010,000,-
000 of exportation $275,000,000 were
from that port. Within four miles of the
Exchange the population is at present
about 600,000, therateof annual increase
being 10,000. In 1857 the property and
income tax paid by the inhabitants
amounted to $35,000,000; the amount
of tonnage brought to that p rt the same
year was 030,022 tons,the amount of ship
ping entered and cleared the same year
was upwards of 0,000.000 tons. Os the
vessels which arrived from abroad, the
United States sent by far the largest
number, viz : 034 ships, of tlie average
burthen of more than one thousand
tons.
Os the 212,875 British emigrants in
1857,” 150,000 sailed from this port; of
which number 120,005 came so the Uni
ted States. The docks of Liverpool which
constitute her pride cover a space of no
less than four hundred acres of water
along the Mersey.
.
Increase of Southern Production.
A New York cotemporary speaks of the
rapid strides which the Southern States
have made in agricultural progress du
ring the last ten years, as tlie next cen
sus will undoubtedly show. In support
of this view, it says :
In the article of cotton alone they pro
duced, during the past year, over three
million seven hundred and fifty thousand
bales, which, at an average of fifty dol
lars per bale, amounts to the sum of one
hundred arid eighty-seven million live
hundred thousand dollars. Os this tbe
American manufacturers have taken over
seven hundred and fifty thousand bales,
of the value of about thirty-seven mil
lions five hundred thousand dollars, and
Europe lino taken about three million
bales, valued at one hundred and fifty
million dollars. If to this export of one
hundred and fifty million dollars in cot
ton we add the exports of the fiscal year
ending June 30, 1859, at the same figures
they stood at in the official report made
up to the same time last year, though
they probably have been nearly twenty
five per cent, larger, we shall find that
the exportable value of southern products
will stand as follows:
(Quantity. Value.
Cotton, bales, to Sept. 1,1869.3,000,000 $150,000,000
Tobacco, bhiis, to June 30,’58. 127,670 16,500,000
Rice, tierce?, “ “ .. 04,015 *1 .
“ barrels, “.. 49,263/ E 8705 ' 8
Naval stores, ros. & tur., bids. 578,573 | „, cn
tar & pitch, - . 42,475/ 1 -064,759
Total $169,435,367
Electricity ami Priatlng.
That subtle fluid, electricity, to which
it is commou to refer for a satisfactory
solution of all natural phenomena, has
been introduced to a considerable extent
in this country as auxiliary to the “art
preservative.” The Scientific American,
after a successful career of fourteen years,
commenced anew series the first of July
last, having every number electrotyped.
This process enables the publisher to fur
nish, in future years, back numbers and
volumes. That paper states that so great
was the demand after the begining of the
new series, that two extra editions of
several preceeding numbers had to be fur
nished to supply it. It is now regularly
printed from the copper plates of the
electrotyper ; and while one number is
undergoing this process, . the types from
which the mould was taken are in the
hands of compositors for the next impres
sion.
items from the Eufaula Sqirit of the
South:
An Abolitionist Bode on a Bail.—
A young man recently imported from the
North, but of foreign birth we are in
formed, was rode out of town on a rail on
Saturday night, on account of repeated
■expressions of abolition opinions, in
dulged in after being warned that a per
sistence in such conduct could not be
tolerated. He was released on the other
side of the river, as black as the sable
friends, whose favor he was seeking
The Weather and the Crops. —From
all quarters we hear of disasters to the
cotton crop. In some places boll worms,
in others rust does the mischief, while
the shedding has been every where un
usually great. There can be no ques
tion that what once promised to be an
overwhelming crop has been most se
riously cut off. The weather of the past
week has been dry and hot and has made
a good rain greatiy to be desired.
♦
The New York Day Book learns by
conversation with a western merchant
who has the means of knowing, that busi
ness generally throughout ail tlie western
States is very dull, and the people are
greatly discouraged. In some of the
counties in lowa the wheat crop is tur
ning out bad, frequently not over eight
bushels to the acre—in Illinois the corn
crop is backward, in consequence of the
coldness of the season, and a disappoint
ment. in the crop is felt. The debts they
owe they see no means of paying at pres
ent, and on the arrival in New York, a
.merchant hailing from the “West” is
looked upon with suspicion, unless he
has a good supply of cash in his pocket
to liquidate old balances. The “high
feather” the South is now, and the great
amount of trade with that portion of the
country, makes the “West” still more in
significant, by contrast, in the eyes of the
commercial classes of New York city.
Arrangements are being made by the
directors of several of the New York City
Bail Roads to test the practicability of
applying steam for running cars. A four
horse steam engine is in process of con
struction for this purpose, and will be
completed in about two weeks.
On the Ist of September there were re
ceived at the depot of the Virginia aud
Tennessee Bail Road nineteen loaded cars,
consisting of 2,740 bushels of wheat, 42,-
000 pounds of tobacco, and 50,000 pounds
of miscellaneous freight.
The Jacksonville (Fla.,) Herald has
learned that Col. Ilonston, President of
the Georgia and Pensacola Rdil Road, has
succeeded in purchasing iron sufficient to
lay the entire track to Lake City, and
that the work is progressing with energy.
The friends of Dr. Foster, who shot Dr.
Choppin in New Orleans on the 27th u!t.,
received ad ispatch Friday, from his
brother, W. L. Foster, Esq., stating that
he had been discharged, no prosecutor
having appeared against him. So says
the Nashville Union.
A Large Mail.
The Overland Mai! from San Francisco,
which arrived at St. Louis on the 2d inst.,
brought to that Post Office 4,771 letters,
with postage duties of $-517.10.
Advices from Sait Lake City, received
at St. Louis, Sept. 10th, say that A. T.
Hooper has been elected to Congress, as
successor to J. M. Bernhisel.
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, SEPTEMBER 20, 1859.
Politics and the Judiciary.
Several citizens of Kent county, Mary
land, including Senator Bearce, have ad
dressed a letter to Judge Carmichael re
questing him to become a candidate for
Circuit Judge, irrespective of party no
mination.
This action is worthy of universal imi
tation If there is an office that should
be independent, and untrammeled by
party obligations, it is the office of the
representative of justice. While the in
stances of judicial corruption are few and
far between, nothing is more calculated
to increase them than the dangerous po
licy of making party nominations for ju
dicial offices. “lam a man, and noth
ing which pertains to man is foreign to
me,” is a maxim applicable to incum
bents of all offices, secular and ecclesias
tical. Let then the sacred l ights of life,
liberty and property, be hedged around
by every safeguard, to secure which, it is
essential that the judicial ermine should
be unstained by the dust of the political
arena. This reformation can be easily
effected by the influential men of politi- j
cal parties, who owe it as a duty to them
selves and the country, to discard poli
tics in judicial elections.
Bieut. Mowry.
The San Francisco Herald publishes a
report of the proceedings of a Convention
Held at Tueson, Arizona Territory, to en
dorse the course of Lieut. Mowry, Dele
gate to Congress from the Territory. He
was re-nominated for Congress, and as
the people of Mesilla Valley have done i
the same thing, it is believed he will be :
elected without opposition.
Lieut. Mowry has merited all the con
fidence reposed in him, and has distin- j
guished himself in his devotion to his
constituents, and efforts to extend the j
benefits of the laws of the United States j
over tho Territory. Congress will doubt
less pass a bill at its next session, organ
izing it, and should it ever be erected
into a State, his efforts in its behalf,
while in a condition of Territorial pupil
age, will secure him the highest honors,
doubtless, in its to bestow.
Tlie Democracy’ of Sebraska on Slav
ery.
At the late Convention of Nebraska
Territory, the Democracy put on record
the following sentiment, on the question
of slavery :
“But inasmuch as the legislative power
of the Territories extends undeniably to
all rightful subjects of legislatiou, no
power can prevent them from passing \
such laws upon the subject of slavery, as ;
to them may seem proper, and whether
such laws, when passed, be constitutional
or not, can be finally determined, not by
Congress, but by the Supreme Court, on
appeal from the decisions of the Territo
rial courts.”
Mr. William Chambers, of the old pub
lishing house of W. & 11.. Chambers, Edin
burgh, has purchased and presented to
his native place of Peebles, in Scotland,
an ancient building in the high street of
the place, at a cost of SIOO,OOO. One
year has been spent in re-fitting the
building, which has been formerly known
as Queensbury Lodge. The ceremonies
of presentation occupied several days,
and over six hundred persons were pres
ent, many of whom were old friends of
the donor, not seen before by him for
twenty years.
Coffee Statement <tf New Ojleans.
The arrivals of coffee at New Orleans
since the Ist of July, up to the 9th inst.,
amount to 11,872 bags, direct. The arri
vals for the same time last year were 40,-
037 bags, making the decrease of imports
this year 28,255. The stock in first and j
second hands, the 9th, are 8,235; de
crease of stock this year 22,199.
Stock on band Ist Sept., 1856 40,361 bags. |
“ “ “ “ “ 1857 107,218 “
“ “ 1858 82.943 “
“ <• “ -i 1559 9,282 “
♦
The Savannah Republican learns from j
private letters received from Thomasville, j
that Col. A. T. Mclntyre has been recom- \
mended by a public meeting in that place, j
as a candidate for Congress in opposition
to Judge Love.
Mr. Mclntyre is represented to be a
gentleman of fine talents, but as Judge j
Love’s District is regarded as the Gibral- ;
ter of Democracy in the State, we pre
sume Mr. Mclntyre would not enter into
the contest.
Business versus Moustaches,
The Daily Chronicle, published at New
Castle, England, says a well known bank
er lately observed that several of his
clerks had adorned themselves with mous
taches. lie called them all into his pri
vate room and said : “Gentlemen, I have
no wish to interfere with your private
amusements or hobbies, but I must insist
upon your moustaches being off in busi
ness hours. After sp. m. indulge your
hobbies if you choose.”
o’
A Raised Note.
The Savannah Republican was shown,
on Monday last, a bill on the Bank of
Savannah, which had been raised from a
one to a ten, and was successfully passed
upon a gentleman who is in the habit of
handling a good deal of money. This,
however, says the Republican, was re
ceived in a package where only the ends
were exposed to inspection, and as the
bill passed rapidly under his eye it es
caped detection. When a full view is
obtained, the discrepancy is very appa
rent, as the altered bill has a vignette in
the centre of a ship, which is not in the
genuine.
Washington and Johnson.
A letter to the Savannah Republican,
from Washington county, dated Sept. 8,
thus speaks of the cotton crops in John
son and Washington counties:
“ The cotton crops in this and Johnson
county, generally, will be lessened by
the rust. I have seen in the past few
days large fields that will not average
one bloom to the acre, the grown bolls
are mostly open—arid those not grown
will open prematurely, which will dete
rioate tbe lint. Judging other neighbor
hoods by this, the cotton crop of Georgia
will be short. Those who have planted
new lauds will make good crops.”
John M. Gray, Esq., says the Mail of
the 13th, commences the location of the
Montgomery and Eufaula Rail Road to
day, (14th.) He is accompanied by an
efficient corps of engineers. The Mail
thinks it is the intention of the Directors
to “break ground”* in less than two
months, if everything works right.
■
Free Barbacue and Public Speaking
Yve have been requested to announce
that a free barbacue will be given at Ge
neva, Ga., on Friday, the 10th. Mr.
Hardeman, the Opposition candidate for
Congress, and other speakers will address
the people. The public generally are in
vited to attend.
Hon. 51. Li. Bouhaiu’s Better.
This gentleman, uow the solitary liviug
representative of opposition to the Con
ference Bill” in the last Congress, has ad
dressed a letter to the Daily Charleston
Mercury stating succinctly, but fully,
his views of the opposite constructions of
the Kansas Bill. The discussion cf
Squatter Sovereignty and its opposite has
thoroughly elucidated the question, and
be rejoices that there can be no more
danger cf “cheating” or “being cheat
ed,” unless the South chooses to be de
frauded. If it be true that a handful of
squatters from the teeming population
of Europe, and of the cities of the North,
poured by Emigrant Aid Societies into
the Territories can exclude slavery by
unfriendly and hostile legislaiiuii, and
Congress be impotent to intervene for its
protection, then would the Kansas Bill
be what its author is charged with saying
what it was—“ The best free soil measure
ever adopted by Congress?”
The advocates of Squatter Sovereignty
concede there is no power in Congress
to legislate slavery into or out of a Ter
ritory ; how, then, can Congress delegate
to its creatures a power it does not pos
sess, but which resides alone with the
sovereign States? No one maintained at
the passage of the act in Congress, that
non-intervention implied the right of the
territorial legislature to over ride the
Constitution and the decision of tae Su
preme Court, with no power in Congress
to restrain it. Such a construction
would not have commanded the support
of a corporal’s guard among the Southern
members. Congressional legislation would
bo requisite only when a discrimination
should be made against slave property,
by positive or negative territorial legisla
tion, and no other doctrine is compatible
with the rights of the States. It is
strange that the fugitive slave law which
carries out the provisions of the Consti
tution in the States should be supported,
while the power of Congress to carry out
its provisions in the Territories should be
denied.
The issue has been distinctly tendered,
and the South cannot decline to meet it
without an abandonment of her rights,
nor ought she to support a candidate un
committed. It is the duty of the South
to demand of the Democratic party not a
“ slave code”—an ugly name to make ob
noxious a constitutional right—but a dis
tinct recognition in the approaching
Presidential contest of the right of slave
holders to Congressional legislation when
ever it may be needed, to protect their
rights against the unfriendly and hostile
legislation of any Territory; and in de
fault thereof to support some statesman
sound upon this, as well as all other is
sues of vital importance to the South. It
is time she should know if the Democratic j
party, the bulk of which is at the South,
will risk itself before the country sus
taining the constitutional lights of the
South. If it will not, it should go down,
and be supplanted by a healthier organi
zation. It is better to suffer defeat on a
good constitutional principle, than gain
victory by its abandonment. We have
true friends at the North, but if they can
not sustain themselves at home on the
principles of the constitution, the sooner
we comprehend it, the better.
For all practical purposes the Congres
sional legislation of Mr. Seward is no
worse than the Squatter Sovereignty of
Mr .Douglas, and while a wide differ
ence exists between them on many other
important questions, there is no neces
sity, if the South be true to herself, that
she be subjected to the choice between
two evils. If the doctrines advocated by
either prevail, there can bo no well found
ed hope of having the rights guarantied
to us under the constitution, and affirmed
by the Supreme Court, guarded and pro
tected in the Union.
Swift Traveling.
The night train, going upon the New
York Central Rail Road, on the 31st u 11.,
being detained considerably behind time,
determined to make it up. The engineer
made the distance from Town Line to
Rochester, fifty-four miles, in sixty min
utes, made two stops, and took in wood
and water at Batavia. This was a littlo
over a mile a minute, and is said to be
the fastest time, for the distance, ever
made by any Road in the Union.
Griffin ami North Alabama Road.
An election w r as held in the City Hall in
Griffin on the 9th instant, to determine
the sense of the people as to the question
of the city subscribing for $50,000 of
stock in the Griffin and North Alabama
Rail Road. From the Empire State we
learn that there were 189 votes for, and
9 against the proposed subscription. This
added to the amount already taken,
swells the amount taken to $210,000.
Steam Line between Charleston and
• Boston.
The Charleston Courier, of the 13th,
announces, definitely, the consummation
of arrangements reported in progress, for
the establishment of a steam line between
that city and Boston. The line will con
sist, at first, of two iron screw steamers,
of 1150 tons, a draught, when loaded, of
feet, and capacity to carry 1,400 bales
of cotton.
Underwood against Douglas.
The Rome (Ga.) Courier iearns from
what it terms reliable authority, that
Col. J. W. H. Underwood, the Demccrat
is candidate for Congress in that District,
is taking and ably sustaining strong
ground against the miserable heresies
and fatal delusions of Douglasism, which
Toombs and some other democratic lead
ers are attempting to palm off on the
people.
Tlie French Heroes.
It is stated in our exchanges that a
meeting of enthusiastic Irishmen was held
in New York last week, at which it was
resolved to present a hor3e and furniture
worth $2,000, to Marshal McMahon, the
Duke of Magenta. It is understood that
the Sixty-Ninth Ptegiment, in that city,
will make a similar demonstration in
favor of Gen. Neil.
Memphis and Charleston Road
At the annual meeting of the stock
holders of the Memphis and Charleston
Rail Road, at Huntsville on Wednesday
of last week, the old Directory, consist
ing of Samuel Tate, R. C. Brinkley, Q.
C. Atkinson, IV. C. Hunt, Win. Dickson,
Wm. Echols, R. M. Patton, Geo P.
Bierneand J. J. Donegan, were re-elected.
The weekly Bank statement cf New
York city, made Sept. 12th, shows an
increase in loans of $237,000,; increase
in specie, $289,900; increase in circula
tion, $139,000; decrease in deposits,
$119,900.
Outline of Douglas’ Essay.
The Richmond Enquirer, by special
permission of the Harpers, has copied
Judge Douglas’ political essay, publish
ed in that Magazine. The object of the
essay is to show the unrestricted power
of the Territorial Legislatures to control
the internal legislation of the territories,
and, particularly to establish the power
of each Territorial Legislature to prohib
it the introduction, or holding of slaves
in the territories. The argument by
which Mr. Douglas endeavors to sustain
this anomulous theory, may be bri fly
stated as follows :
Ist. That the jurisdiction of sell the
courts established in the territories, is
provided and limited entirely by the en
actments of the Territorial Legislatures;
hence these legislatures may deprive the
courts of jurisdiction to sit in judgment
on their legislation.
2J. That these Territorial Legislatures
exercise no delegated power. Congress j
has no power to delegate any powers
which the Constitution has vested in
Congress: but that simply by creating
these legislatures, Congress at once and
necessarily “ confers ” upon thorn powers
beyond those which Congress itself may
exercise; that the entire right of inter
nal self-government accrues of right to
the residents of an organized territory,
apart from all Congressional sanction or
authority.
3d. That in the same manner that Con
gress may confer, but can neither exer
cise nor delegate judicial powers, Con- 1
gress may confer but eannot exercise nor
delegate the powers of internal legisla
tive government in the .territories.
4th That during Colonal times, Virgin
ia and other colonies rightfully claimed
the power of internal self-government;
and especially claimed riie right to pro
hibit the introduction of slaves in their
limits And that this “principle of our
political system” operates to establish
the same power of interual self-govern
ment, and especially the same power to
prohibit the introduction of slaves among
the residents of each of the organized
territories.
sth. That these powers of territorial
sovereignty were expressly admitted by ‘
the “Jeffersonian plan” or “compact”
adopted by the Congress of the old Con
federation.
6th. That in the Federal Convention,
Mr. Madison proposed to insert in the
Constitution the following clause:
The Congress shall have power—
“To institute temporary governments
in the new States.”
That the term “new States ” was that by
which the “Jeffersonian plan” designated
organized territories.
That instead of the clause proposed by
Mr. Madison the following clause was
inserted.
“New States may be admitted by the
Congress into this Union.” Hence, Mr.
Douglas concludes, it was the intention
of the Federal Convention to re assert, in
the Federal Constitution, the “Jefferso
nian plan,” and, consequently to assert
the right of internal territorial self-gov
ernment, and especially the right of a
territorial government to exclude the in
troduction of slaves in a territory.
7th. That the opinion of the Supreme
Court, in the case of Dred Scott, main
tains the same doctrine.
Bth. That the same doctrine was as
serted by the Compromise measures of
1850.
9th. That the same doctrine was as
serted in the Kansas-Nebraska act.
10th. That the same doctrine was
asserted by the Cincinnati Platform.
Tlie Next Census.
Next year the cigth census of the Uni
ted States is to be taken. This enumera
tion is one of the most laborious and dif
ficult tasks which the Government has to
perform. A timely suggestion is made
by the National Intelligencer, which is
worthy of consideration, and v/hich we
quote for the benefit of planters and oth
ers :
That each farmer this year, as he gath
ers bis crops, shall keep something like
an accurate account of quality and value
of the same; and, if he will take the
trouble, to make out a statement of the
names and ages of his family ; the num
ber of acres of land cleared and timbered;
the number and ages of his servants: the
number and value of his horses and mules;
the number of bales of cotton, barrels of
corn, bushels of wheat, oats, rye, barley,
potatoes, &c., and the value of each, and
leave it in some place where any member
of the family, who may be at home when
the deputy marshal shall call, can readily
get hold of it. It will save time to all
concerned, and very greatly assist to make
the census returns perfect, complete and
satisfactory.
Nominations in Wasiiingtou.
In the Central Georgian, of the 14th,
we find the proceedings of a meeting of
the American party, held at Sandersville,
the 13th, to nominate candidates for the
Legislature. Thomas F. Wells wa3 nom
inated by acclamation, for the Senate,
and Rufus A. Robinson and James R.
Taylor were chosen, by ballot, a3 eandi
dates,for Representatives.
On the sth inst., a meeting of the Dem
ocracy was held at the same place, to
make nominations for the Legislature.
Col. James L. Hook was nominated by
acclamation, for Senator, and Dr. J. 1.
Irvin and T. O. Wicker were selected as
candidates for Representatives.
Rail Road Accident.
The Memphis Avalanche learns that on
Thursday last the cars on the passenger
train of the Mississippi Central Rail Road
tumbled down an embankment twenty
five feet high, no person being seriously
injured. The loss sustained by the Com
pany is about two or three thousand dol
lars. The accident was caused by the
displacement of rails on the track, and is
believed to have been done by certain
parties in the neighborhood, in order to
be revenged for the loss of cattle recently
killed by the cars.
Cotton Picking.
“Agricola,” a correspondent of the
Uniou Springs Gazette, says on the 6th
inst. one thousand and fifty pounds of
cotton were picked by three hands, upon
the plantation of Dr. W. R. Cunningham,
Cotton Valley, Alabama. One of the boys
had three hundred pounds by noon. Con
sidering the season, and defects of the
crops, this picking ha3 hardly been ex
celled.
♦
We were pleased with a visit yesterday
from Dr. J. C. C. Blackburn, editor of
the Lumpkiu Palladium. The Palladium
has. an extensive circulation and is a
good advertising medium. Whenever the
Dr. may visit Columbus we tender him an
editor’s welcome.
The new Baptist Church recently erec
ted at Lagrange, at a cost of about twen
ty thousand dollars, was dedicated last
Sabbath. The dedication sermon was
preached by Rev. C. D. Mallory, D. D.
An arrival at New Orleans on the 14tb,
brought dates from the City of Mexico to
the 26th ult. It is stated that Miramon
was still at the Capital, and not at San
LuisPotosi, as previously reported.
The Democrats of Harris couuty held a
meeting on the 6th inst., and nominated
Flynn Harget for Senator, and George A.
■ B. Dozier for the House.
{NUMBER 23.
Senator Gavin’s Position.
San Francisco, Aug. 12, 1859.
On the evening of the 9ih inst., Mr.
Broderick made a speed) in Sacramento,
and in the course of it read the following
letter addressed to him by Mr. Gain, two
days before he (Mr. Gwiri) was elected
to the l luted States Senate:
Sacramento, Jan. 10 1857.
Dear sin : 1 am likely to be the victim
of the unparalleled treachery of those
who have been placed in power through
my aid and exertions. The most-poten
tial portion of the Federal patronage is
in the hands of those, who, by every
principle that should govern men of hon
or, should be my supporters, instead of
enemies, and it is being used for toy de
struction. My participation in the dis
tribution of this patronage has been the
source of numberless slanders upou tue,
and have created enmities that have been
destructive to my peace and happiness
for years. It has entailed untold evils
upon me, and while in the Senate. I trill
not recommend a single individual to appoint
to office in this State. Provided lam elected,
you shall have the exclusive control of this
patronage so far as 1 am concerned, and
in its distribution I shall only ask that it
may be used with magnanimity, aud not
for the advantage of those who have been
our mutual enemies, and unwearied in
their exertions to destroy us. This deter
mination is unalterable, and in making this
declaration, I do not expect you to sup
port me for that reason, or in any way to
be governed by it, but as I have been be
trayed by those who should have been
ray friends, I am, in a measure, powerless
myself, and dependent on your magna
nimity.
Verv respectfully, your ob’t. servant.
WM. M. GWIN.
Hon. D. C. Broderick.
This letter, written at a time when
Mr Broderick had a full control of the
Legislature, was the most slavish and
disgraceful bid for the assistance of a
political enemy. The promise made so
meanly was broken without hesitation,
and on the sth of April, 1857, Mr. Gwin
wrote thus from Washington to W. F.
Anderson, of Nevada:
You will have a history of the events
as they have transpired here within the
last few weeks, from the newspapers, i
‘don't think that I shall hereafter he charged
with bargaining off the patronage of the
Government with Mr. Broderick. lie has
left the city in great rage, and sails for
California to-morrow, with the purpose
of carrying the State Convention, nomi
nate his owu friends to the State offices,
and censure the appointments that have
been made.
Tiic Great Eastern asul New York.
The New York papers continue to in
sist that the Great Eastern can enter
their harbor, either through Long Island
Sound, or by the Narrows. Two skillful
New York pilots assure the New York
Herald (/■she only draws 26 feet of
water, they can bring her through Ged
ney’s channel and the Narrows up to the
Battery at high tide. It is not likely
that the managers of the Great Eastern
are going to risk the fate of such an
achievment upon the if suggested by the
New York pilots, or upon any other if.
There are but two harbors in this country
which can accomodate the great monster
of the deep, Portland and the waters of
Virginia, in the Elizabeth or the York.
We have no expectation that the Great
Eastern will come here; no, not if both
the York and Elizabeth were as deep as
the ocean and as quiet ss a millpond.
Both are deep enough for the Great Eas
tern, and quiet enough for an egg-shell;
but these, the most majestic and capacious
harbors on the Atlantic coast, lie in a
Southern latitude, and, like the dwellers
upon their shores, are tabooed and pro
scribed. We must content ourselves to
look as uninterested spectators upon the
contest of rival Northern cities for the
magnificent prize, and being thus neutral
and indifferent, we can easily decide that,
if the Great Eastern does not go to Port
land, it will be a breach of faith to the
enterprising citizens of that town which
would be justly punished by running
aground in the shallow channel of New
York, and lying there for the next hun
dred years. —Richmond Dispatch.
Ireland.
The Earl of Carlisle, is an address re
cently delivered before the Royal Agri
cultural Society of Ireland, gave statisti
cal proofs of the progress of that country
in the last twelve years. In 1847, the
land under tillage in the island amounted
to 5,238,575 acres ; it now amounts to 5,-
882,152 acres. The grain crops have
given way to “green crops,” the former
decreasing 17 per cent., the latter in
creasing in nearly the same proportion.
In 1841, the live stock was valued at
£19,375,000; it is now valued at £34,-
616,000. The farms of five acres and
under have largely decreased; those
above thirty acres were 48,000, in 1841;
they are now upwards of 156,000. The
most remarkable progress lias been in
the dwellings of the laboring classes ; the
rapid decrease in pauperism. In 1836,
1,800,000 persons, or nearly one third
the whole population, were dependent for
support on the Poor Commissioners ; now
only 37,000 persons are in this position.
“Mendicancy is nearly extinct, and wages
are very nearly doubled.” The change
is equally strik’ng in regard to the de
orease of crime. In 1848, the outrages
reported in Ireland were upwards of 1-4,-
000; iu 1858 they wore only 3462.
Georgia is probably the lightest taxed
State in the Union. Its State tax Is only
two-thirds of a mill on the dollar. A
man owning SIO,OOO of property pays
only $6 62 taxes. Georgia is one of the
most flourishing States, and also, rapidly
rising in manufactures as well as in agri
culture.
Whereupon the Montgomery Confeder
ation says :
We wish the same could be said of Ala
bama. Bills for State, county, and cor
poration taxes in thi3 State look like bills
for the rent of property. But “there’s a
good time coming,” when, after two or
three years more, our foreign debt will
have been paid off, or so reduced that a
reduction in the rates of taxation will be
not only proper but Decessary.
Tlie Bast Cotton Crop.
The long looked for—the summing up
of the last cotton crop—has at last come
to hand. The New York Shipping List,
which is authority, sums up the crop as
follows: Receipts St all the ports 3,857,-
480 bales. Total crop 4,017,000 bales.
So it appears we were not far wrong in
our opinion of what would be the extent
of the last crop. We trust those who
laughed at our folly, and jered us into
backing our judgment, will caff at the
Captain’s office and settle.
RectSpts of Cotton at Mobile.
The Mercury, of the 12th, says: “The
receipts of cotton yesterday were about
2,500 bales by rail road and river, and
want of water was all which prevented
the boats from taking a hundred bales
more apiece ; everybody on the river be
ing eager to ship.
Steam Line between Beaton anti Sa
vannah.
The Southern Steamship Company, in
corporated to run a line of steamships
between Boston and Savannah, have con
cluded contracts with Mr. Loring, of
East Boston, sos two substantial sea
going steamers, to be finished by the Ist
of June, 1860.
The New York Sun says the weekly
consumption of flour in that city amounts
to 50,000 barrels, or a little over 7,000
barrels per day.
Legal Anecdotes.
The trial of the Lucas Will Case re
i cenntly decided in the Probate Court of
Lowndes county. Alabama, has developed
the following rich legal anecdotes, which
we find in the Mail and the Hayneville
Watchman. The one from the Mail is
characteristic of the ex-chief Justice
During the trial, last week, at Hayne
ville, of lie great Lucas Will Case, Hon.
11. W. Hilliard, in an eloquent speech for
contestants, compared the vast estate to
a stagnant pool, giving off malaria, and
iufeetmg the moral atmosphere. It had
been proved, however, on the trial, that
the agreement between the contestants
and their lawyers was, that the latter
should receive ten per cent, of w hat they
recovered, for their services. In answer
ing Mr. Hilliard, Hon. Sam. F. Rice re
plied to the “Malaria” argument, by say
ing that he supposed, if Mr. Hilliard’s
side proved successful, “he would come
to his clients, holding his nose with oue
Land, aud opening a pantaloons pocket
with the other, and request them, as he
was very delicate, aud fearful of his
health, to drop very gently, a little—about
ten per cent. —of that “malaria” into that
pocket!”
That view of the malaria was too much
for the risibles ot the jury, court and
spectators. — Montgomery Mail.
During the trial of the Lucas Will case
now progressing in our Probate Court, a
witness on the stand was asked by one of
the counsel, “if he knew a certain gen
tleman (calling him by name,) before he
moved into the Lucas settlement, aud if
so, did he not sustain a good character
prior to his removal?” Witness answer
ed, “that he knew him, and he did sus
tain a good character before his removal.”
The counsel on the opposite side, on cross
examination upon this point, asked the
witness, “If Judas Iscariot could not have
proved a good character before he betrayed
Christ?” To which witness answered,
“I don't know him; I don’t know whether
he could or not."—Uaynei tile Wutcliman.
The Negotiations at Vera Cruz.
The Picayune gives the following as
the heads of the treaty proposed by Mr.
McLane to the Mexican Government:
1. The right of way for-a rail road,
through the Northern States of the Re
public, from some point on the Rio
Grande, to be afterwards determined, to
the port of Mazatlan, cn the Pacific.
2. The right of way for a rail road, to
be constructed equally by Americans and
American capital, Horn the Southern
boundary of the territory of Arizona, to
the port of Guyamas on the Gulf of Cali
fornia.
3. The right freely to navigate the
waters of the Gulf of California, at the
western termini of these routes, as also
the free use of other ports necessary for
the entry of goods therein.
4. The right to erect such warehouses
as might be necessary for the accommo
dation of business therein, at both ter
mini of these, as also of tlie Tehuante
! pec Transit Route.
5. The right to transport United States
troops and munitions of war over all of
these routes, to or from the Pacific, at cer
tain times and on certain conditions.
6. The right, in case Mexico herself
failed to do so, ourselves to give protec
tion to each and all these great transit
routes, in such manner as might seem to
us fit, cveu to the introduction of United
1 States troops, if necessary.
Opinion ii Liverpool about Cotton.
The Liverpool correspondent of the Sa
vannah Republican, in a letter dated
August 20th, thus speaks of the prospects
of cotton:
Political considerations have ceased to
exercise the slightest influence upon our
market, and the question turns, as invar
iably it will do, upon the probable sup
ply and demand for the coming four
mouths. With such a stock as we hold
here, the flattering accounts of your crop,
and the unsatisfactory advices from India
and China, I consider that our market
keeps remarkably steady, and I should be
surprised at it, were it not that the belief
is general, that worse accounts of your
crop must shortly be received, and better
accounts from the import markets of the
cast, in answer to the peace news. This,
it is hoped by holders, will open the eves
of Manchester, and make them keep up a
heavy tire, until the stock reaches a mod
erate compass, when prices will be entire
ly governed by the course of events on
your side.
Tlie Cotton (Jop-801l Worm.
We regret to learn, says the Griffin In
dependent South, as we do from many of
our most reliable planters, that their anti
cipations rfa favorable crop of cotton are
to be disappointed. A gentleman from
Rlerriwether, who wrote to one of our
townsmen, a short time since, that he
would make 150 bales, now writes that
the destruction of the worm will reduce
his crop to at least 100 bales, if not less.
Others who live in that and surrounding
counties say the same. In this case, we
are satisfied there is no cry of “wolf/’
but that the anticipated large crop of cot
ton will be seriously diminished by the
ravages of the worm and other causes, not
only in this but in other States.
Hurrah for tlie Central Rail Road.
The Montgomery Mail of the 15tli in
stant, says: “We have gratifying intelli
gence this morning, that Dr. William 11.
llives, who recently went east to purchase
slaves for the South and North Alabama
Rail Road Company, returned last night,
bringing eiglity-five likely negroes, and
three more will arrive to-day. Those ne
groes have been delivered to Mr. Boyle,
the contractcr, who will put them to work
as soon as Mr. Milner can arrive from
Greenville and stake off the road between
this city and Wetumpka.
The ground will certainly be broken in
a few days. This is glorious news.
jXew Orleans Calile Project.
The N. 0. True Delta says:
Letters received at New York, by the
Africa, state that Frederick N. Gisborne,
Esq., projector of a direct sub marine tel
egraph between Boston and Nova Scotia,
has organized a company to manufacture
tbo cable. The works are at Millwall.
Two hundred workmen are now employed
! in these works, manufacturing the cable
for the line from Toulon to Algiers, the
contracts for which are ratified to F. N.
Gisborne, by the Emperor of France.
They are also manufacturing the Atlautic
cable for the British Trans-Atlantic Tele
graph Company, to be laid down between
i Scotland and the Straits of Belle Isle, to
j Canada.
■
The Oldest Cliurcli In America
It was built in 1581, in the town of
j Iligham, Massachusets, and is still oc
-1 cupiel as a place of worship. The bell
rope hangs down in the middle of the
house; where it was placed in order that
the bell might be rung instantly to give
i alarm of any sudden Indian incursion,
j There are many of the old-fashioned
i square pews in the house, inclosed by
what resembles more a high and substan-
I tial unpainted fence than anything to be
; seea in a modern church. The frame is
of oak, and the beams are huge and nu
: merous. The old house is good for two
j hundred years more. This old church
| has an old pastor, the Rev. Joseph
! Richardson hav.ng preached in it for
j fifty-three years.
An Irisli Valentine.
Oh Faddy ! swate Paddy ! if I was ye’re
j daddy, I’d kill ye with kisses entirely ; if
I was ye’re bruther an’ likewise ye’re
■ muther, I’d see that ye went to bed early.
; To feel ye’re swate breath, I would
j starve me to death, and lay off my hoops
i altogether ; to joost have a taste of ye’re
arm on my waste, I’d laugh at the meau
j est of weather. Dear Paddy, be mine,
| my own valentine— ye’ll find me both
gentil and civil; our life wo will spend to
] an iiigent end, and care may go dance
with the divil.
Dluniiicent Donation.
Hon. Oliver J. Morgan, of Louisiana,
has presented to Bishop Polk, of that
State, the handsome sum of forty thou
sand dollars as the foundation of a Pro
fessorship of Agricultural Chemistry in
| the “University of the South.” The
munificent donation makes up the entire
amount of five hundred thousand dollars
required by the charter for the establish
ment of the proposed University.