The true citizen. (Waynesboro, Ga.) 1882-current, August 11, 1882, Image 2
“TH i iIEART OF A MAN.”
Garden and Farm Economies.
LABOR AGITATION.
lii the grim hush of midnight
Whm your house lias grown ho still,
1 rise from my sleep In he churchyard
To wander about at my will.
I pass y< ur unopened iU>or softly
And stand once more by your side,
Till you dream that In heaven 1 love you,
As wi 11 as the day l died.
But my l (in on earth la shortened;
The 11k tit ot the moon grows dim
As my teet godowi' your stairway,
Out Into the darkness grim,
And back to the yawning churchyurd
1 go wItli the rising wind—
But a sudden whisper nolds me
Though 1 dare not look behlud.
"Think t on, noor ghost, he loved you,
That you hasten to watch his rest,
When his heart was young he loved me,
I was his first aud best
In the land of death lie will Glalm me—”
Ere she finished a living voice spoke:
"I heard your voice in my chamber;
I knew you and I awoke,
Go hack to graves that, claim you,
He Is my husband true,
Who lives the life ot a mortal
And has no thoughts for you,
When the hand of death shall seize him,
Claim him then, 11 so you < aul-
Yours are the hearts of women,
His—is the lies rt of a man.”
Alice Turner.
A Bey’s Leisure Hours.
What a hoy does with his leisure is
most important; what he gets in
school is mainly drill or exercise; it
is a gymnasium to him; he must eat
elsewhere, What he does with his
leisure hours determines his desiiny.
Suppose he reads hlbtory every day, or
scientific books; in the course of a
few years he becomes learned. It
matters but very little what he un
dertakes, Latin, Greek, Hebrew,
Sanscrit, all disappear if he uses his
spare time on them.
A boy was employed in a lawyer’s
office, and bad the daily papers to
amuse himself with. He commenced
to study French, and at that little
desk became a fluent reader aud
writer of the French language. He
accomplished this by laying aside the
newspaper, and taking up something
not so amusing, but far more profita
ble.
A coachman w T as often obliged to
wait long hours while his mistress
made cal's. He determined to im
prove the time; he found a small vol
ume of the Ecologues of Virgil, but
could not read if, and so he purchased
a Latin grammar. Day by day he
studied this, and finally mastered ail
its intricacies. His mistress came be
hind him one day as he stood by the
horse waiting for her, and asked him
what he was so intently reading,
“Only a bit of Virgil, my lady.”
“What! do you read Latin?” “A lit
tle, my lady.” She mentioned this
fact to her husband, who Insisted that
David should have a teacher to in
struct him. In a few years he became
a learned man, and was useful and
loved.
A boy was hired to open and shut
the gates to let the teams out of an
iron mine. He sat on a log all day by
the side of a gate. Sometimes an hour
would pass before the teams came, and
this he employed so well that there
was scarcely any fact in history that
escaped his attention. He began with
a little hook on English history that
he foil’ d on the road ; having learned
that thoroughly, he borrowed of a
friend Goldsmith’s History of Greece.
This gentleman became greatly inter
ested in him, and loaned him books,
and was often seen sitting by him on
a log conVfersing with him about the
people of ancient times.
Character.
Many people seem to forget that
character grows; that it is not some
thing to put on ready-made with
womanhood or manhood ; hut day by
day, here a little and there a little,
grows with thegrowth.and strengthens
with the strength, until, good or bad, it
becomes almost a coat of mail. Look
at a man of business—prompt, reliable,
conscientious, yet clear-headed and
energetic. When do you suppose he
developed all these admirable quali
ties? When he was a boy. Let us
see lmw a boy of ten years gets up in
the morning, works, plays, studies,
and we will tell you just what kind ot
man he will make. The boy that is
too late at breakfast, late at school,
slands a poor chance to be a prompt
man. The boy who neglects his duties,
be they ever so small, and- then ex
cuses himself by saying, “I forgot:
I didn’t think !” will never be a relia
ble man ; and the boy who finds pleas
ure in the suffering of weaker things
will never be a noble, generous, kind
uian—a gentleman.
The concern that always makes
money—The Mint.
The fuschials readily propagated by
cuttings of the young wood. These
will root in from two to three weeks,
when they should he potted in rich
soli, Bay one-naif gaid-n soil or loam
enriched with well-rotted manun and
oili-half leaf soil, witli a little sand
added to make the compod very por
ous. From tiie time the plant is first
potted it should never tie allowed to
become so dry as that the growth
will be checked.
Charcoal is not a fertilizer. It is
almost indestructible, and wholly in
soluble in water. It is of great value
as a disinfectant and deodorizer, ab
sorbing many times its own bu'k of
ammoniacal gaa, and acts as a store
house of ammonia aud moisture, giv
ing them out as m eded by plants. Its
mechanical action is to lighten the
soil, and it tends tpurify it and keep
it sweet. Plants take their carbon
from the air by their leaves aud not
from the earth.
An Austrian paper recently gave
the result of an analysis of a sample
of tjie bread supplied to the Russian
troops iu Bulgaria. The examination
was carefully made and revealed the
presence of 19 per cent, of saw dust
aud 14 per cent, ot sand. Here is a
chance for the health reformers to
point to the splendid physique of (lie
Russian troops and base thereon an
argument for the incorporation iu
flour of the mineral and-fibrous sub
stances which the Grahamites make
so much of.
Few of our farmers have yet learped
the advantages of the practice of Eng
lish farmers in establishing what are
intended to be permanent pastures, of
sowing not only clover and timothy,
but several other varieties of seeds
in combination with them. In this
way they avoid the loss of time which
most of our farmers suffer, when na
ture is taxed to make a turf after the
clover and timothy have gone. Na
ture will in time do this work as Is
shown by our roadsides, that -w ere for
merly pastured very closely by cattle
running at large.
An exudation of fluid from cut
shoots or branches, sometimes con
founded with blteding, takes place in
winter when the part is warmed. The
increase of temperature expands the
air mixed with the fluid and causes
the fluid to be forced out of the stem.
When cooled the air contracts and
he fluid will be sucked in. This exu
dation or movement of liquid, by in
crease of temperature, can only occur
in tlie winter and early spring before
the leaves unfold and transpiration be
gins, because it is then only that air
and liquid exist together iu the cavi
ties of the wood cell.
The new varieties of the clematis
are among the most beautiful of our
hardy plants. They are naturally
climbing plants, but the summer
flowering varieties may be treated as
herbaceous plants, allowing them to
cover the surface of the ground aud
pegging down the shoots. There are
two distinct classes—one flowering on
the old wood, which must not be cut
down, and the other producing its
flowers on the summer growth, aud
cutting them down rather strengthens
and increases their vigor, inducing
them to throw up stronger shoots and
larger blossoms. They are now class!
fled by florists as spring or summer
blooming.
After a trial of many yeurs a practi
cal gardener says he finds the follow
ing method of raising peas iu small
gardens the most profitable and satis-
tactory : A warm, sheltered situation ’
is selected, and trenches are dug about
one and a half feet wide and three feet
apart. The bottom is tilled with old
manure, the latter being covered with
loam. The soil being light, toe then
sows the peas and covers them six
inches deep with soil. After the first
hoeing the sticks are inserted for their
support. The manure imparts great
vigor to the plants, the depth of cover
iug prevents the eflects ot drougth,
and the bed furnishes peas for nearly
a non lip
She Had Him There.
“Goods at half price,” said the sign.
4 How much is that teapot?” asked
an old lady. “Fifty cents, mum,”
was the response. “Guess I’ll take
it,” she said, throwing down a quar
ter. The sign was taken in.
The doctor told a Vermont woman
whose husband was sick that a certain
medicine wouldn’t keep, and as she
didn’t give it all to him she took it
herself, so us not to have it wasted.
Vermont folks are not disgustingly
wasteful.
AFFAIRS AT NEW YORX AND JERSEY
CITY.
Placards Posted Announcing that tht- Penn
sylvania Railroad Has ail the Freight
Handlers it Desires.
New York.—The freight handlers’
strike remains in the same eond tion,
neither party showing any signs of
yielding. The strikers remain peace
ful and quiet. The streets In the
n eight orb ood of :he various depots
are blocked up with trucks laden with
freig; t.
At Pier 39, Peunsy Ivania Railroad,
fifty Italians are at woik. One of the
officials here said they had received
all the freight that came, and expected
to do the same thing again.
A few Italians were at work in the
New York Central and Hudson River
Railroad depot in Bt. John’s Park.
No freight was being received there,
hut an elfort was being made to handle
that already taken in. Thousands of
dollars worth of perishatde goods are
waiting tlieie to be removed.
A communication was received
from the agent of the Erie Railroad
by the Superintendent of the Produce
Exchange in reference to the freight
handlers’ strike, and stating that the
railroad will rev eive freight from
patrons in Jersey City to the extent of
its ability, aud promising to adopt
necessary precaution for the protec
tion of property, etc.
The Jersey City striking freight
handlers had another large meeting.
The committee of five strikers ap
pointed by the morning meeting to
visit the yard of the Central Railroad
at. Co nmunipaw and induce the men
there to quit work came into the
meeting and made its report. It
stated that the members ot the com
mittee had been met by the police and
ordered ofT the premises of the com
pany under penalty of arrest.
Resolutions were unanimously
adopted refusing to have any further
dealings with the firm of grocers
charged with having furnished the
provisions to the Erie Railroad Com
pany that were gratuitously distribu
ted to the Italian workmen in the
docks of the Erie Company.
It was unanimously voted to “boy
cott” the Jersey City Evening Journal
on account of articles which have ap
peared in recent issues of the paper
iu reference to the strike.
The officers of the Pennsylvania
Company now claim to be able to for
ward frtigbl without any great delay.
The company has bad large*posters
placarded upon the various docks and
freight houses stating that no men are
required in any capacity.
The Central Railroad of New Jersey
is now woiking with a full fofte of
new hands aud is rapidly haudling
the freight intrusted to its care.
The New York, LakeErieand Wes
tern Railroad Company has had 150
Russian and Hungarian Jews and 100
Italian laborers working on its dock
at Jersey City and 180 Italians on the
di ck at the foot of Duane street, New
York. About twenty Irishmen have
remained at work at the latter point
during the entire strike. 0
The new men are taken back to
Castle Gardeu I-y a steamer from the
* ml of the dock each night, ami re
ceive the money for their day’s work
before they leave.
Jersey City, N. J.—The striking
’longshoremen and freight handlers
held another meeting. Speeches were
made recommending moderation and
giving assurance th »i their present
prudent course would insure success.
Vice President Murphy stated that
the committees appointed to visit
Newburg, N. Y., and South Amboy
and Elizabethport, N. J., to induce
tlie men there to refrain from hand
ling freight sent to these points by the
railroad companies, have met with
great encouragement. The commit-
tees,however, ares > small—consisting
of two delegates only from Jersey
City iu each instance—that the work
is necessarily very slow. He was, he
H»id, prepared to say that if the com
panies refuse to accede to the men’s
demands in a very short time a general
strike will be inaugurated at these
points. Resolutions were unanimous
ly adopted denouncing auy interfer
ence with trains or other property of
the railroads, aud denying that the
body of strikers approved or took auy
part in the uucoupl ng of a freight
train on the Erie Road.
The situation at the freight yards of
the various companies remains Un
changed. The Delaware, Lackawan
na aud Western Railroad Company
has a few men at work aud is moving
a few trains.
The Jersey City Police Commission
ers continue to swear all comers as
special police. The Commissioners \
h ive a written guarantee, signed by
the officers of the railroad companies,
in wliicii the latter assume all the ex
pense incurred by the special police.
Pittsburg.—Thr proprietors ot the
Leesburg Mills, Armstrong county,
have signed the scale. They will
make sheet-iron and tin-plate.
Clearfield Miner* Decide to Strike.—New
York Freight Handler*.
Houtzdale, Pa.—The miners’ meet
ing was well attended, aud it was de
cided almost unanimously to strike.
The nun will go into the mines in
the morning for their tools.
Cumberland, Md.—Prominent coal
officials said no notice would be taken
by the companies of the proposition
made by the Executive Board of the
Knights of Labor to arbitrate difficul
ties between Cumberland and Clear-
Held regions Th Meyersdale miners
held a meeting and elected delegates
to represent them in the Council
which will assemble at Bedford, Pa.
It is said all the regions will be fully
represented.
New York.—The Committee of
Fifteen of the Board of Trade ap
pointed to take action on the freight
transportation question to-day decided
to commence suits for damages against
the railroads for the non-forwarding of
freight. The Attorney General’s co
operation will be invited, if the strike
of freight handlers continues, to move
against the corporations for their
failure to exercise their franchise. It
will also be claimed that all goods
ready for shipment prior to July 1
must be carried at the present rates,
and not at the proposed advance.
A meeting of the cheese trade was
held for the purpose of taking action
as regards the non delivery of goods
by the railroad companies. Resolu
tions were adopted deprecating the
action of these companies and provid
ing for the appointment of a commit
tee to assess damages for losses sus
tained.
There are no new features in the
strike of the freight handlers. The
receiving piers and depots present the
same appearance they have done for a
week past. Great complaint is made
of the unsatisfactory manner in which
the green hands do the work.
At the New York Central and Hud
son River freight depot, at the foot of
Barclay street, seventy five Italians
are at work. The State freight is
being handled tolerably fa t, but
Western is not being touched to any
extent. Long lines of trucks stood in
front of the doors heavily laden.
At the New York, Lake Erie and
Western Railroad piers, at the foot of
Chambers street, 200 Italians were em
ployed. All the morning freight was
received and fairly handled.
At the Pennsylvania piers freight
was received without very much de
lay. The only trouble the officials say
is in unloading West-bound treight.
About six trucks were unloaded at the
Bt. John’s Park depot of the New
York Central and Hudson River Rail
road to-day. About 200 Italians are
at work there.
Jersey City, N. J.—The situation
iu Jersey City and Hoboken remains
uuebunged. The strikiug ’longshore
men and freight handlers were to
have held another meeting at Be.
Michael’s Institute at 8 o’clock, but
the meeting was postponed until noon
in order to hear from the Switchmen's
Union. A number of the latter body
feel much hurt at the manner in
which the freight handlers have
treated them, In allowing new men to
take their places without any effort
being made to restrain them.
A‘ prominent member of the union
stated that he thought it was a shame
that switchmen and drillers from
Newark and other places should be
allowed to work in the Jersey City
yaids. “ Why,” said he, “ we had no
gi ievauC' ; we were receiving $54 to $58
per month, work or no work, and
struck to help the freight handlers out,
and now they go back on us. We are
the weaker party, and are practically
in their hands. The day switchmen
are all right, aud can return to work
at auy time, and will he fully pro
tected. Willi ihe night men, how
ever, it is different; and a nun on top
of a car, with a lantern in his hand
makes too shining a target for the
bloodhounds for me to return to work.
I intend to ask for my time, aud after
receiving what is due to me I will go
to nome other point and look for a
job.”
Beciretary O’Bullivan, of the Freight
Handlers’ Association, said that the
switchmen would be fully protected if
they would come into the association
and remain in it, but he thought the
freight handlers were too level-headed
to make any more visits to the freight
I yards without a very grtat cause for
such action. Any way, the freight
handlers are deteriuiqBd to hold out
if all the other railrf^*i?ers return to
work.
The various railway companies are
now moving a large quantity of freight
and are working with a f ill force of
men. The special police are still on
duty at the yards day and night.
Their food is supplied i>y the compa
nies and they sleep in ihe passenger
coaches which have for their accom
modation been placed on side tracks.
The Pennsylvania Company put 200
additional Italians at work.
The New York, Lake Erie and
Western Com (any put 400 Russians
aud Hungarian Jews at work on its
docks,. This company now has 830 of
the refugees working on its piers at
Long Dock and at the foot of Duane
street, New York.
Boston.—The calkers here demand
$4 per day for eight hours work. At
a meeting of shipwrights aud ship-
owners it was voted to take no new
work and hire no new men except at
the old price, $3.50 per day.
The entire force of freight handlers
of the Boston, Lowell and Concord
Railroad In this city, numbering 450,
struck for increased pay. They are
now receiving $1 40 per day, and de
mand $1.65. Their places have not
been tilled, and business at the freight
houses Is at a standstill. The men are
quiet, and no trouble is feared.
The Sky Crofters.
To the stranger accustomed to the
symmetrical cottages of rural England,
a Highland cotter’s boothy appears a
miserable edifice. Its walls consist of
rude, unhewn boulders, rolled down
from the neighboring hillside and
piled one over the other, the interstices
being tilted up with turf from the
adjacent moor. Undressed birch
boughs, cut from the straggling trees
that glow on the banks of the nearest
burn, thatched over with tho wild
heather found on the cottage site, form
a roof not always impervious to wet
and wind. Inside the hut the pros
pect is hardly more inviting. . The
glowing peat fire, which generally
burns night and day in one of the two
rooms into which the cabin is divided,
casts a dim and flickering light round.
The rafters overhead are black with
the smoke, or, as it is called in Scot
land, the “reek,” of many years. The
floor is simply beaten clay, sometimes
strewn over with fresh-cut heather.
A chair or two of ancient pattern, a
rough deal table, and sometimes, but
not always, a bed constitute tlie turni-
ture. The Highlander of the moor,
even yet, as in days gone by, is content
to repose on no more luxuriant couch
than a heap of bracken. In one cor
ner will generally b* found a tub con
taining the skin of the last sheep slain
or found dead on the hill, steeped in
tan water. In another will %fand the
spinning-wheel for these western Crof
ters, when they can, tan the leather
which covers their feet with “brogues”
as they produce the thick aud com
fortable homespun in which they are
clothed. Frequently one end of the
but cpnstltutes the “byre,” where
sheep aud cattle find nightly shelter
from the inclement wintry weather.
But there is always a stone partition
separating the dwellings of the beast
from that of the human beings. The
above description will not, as I have
said, appd&r attractive to the Low-
lander ; but this Crofter, with his
breezy hillside, his sweet-scenting
heather, his springs of pure, delicious
water, his own house and plot of
ground, aud above all his indepen
dence, would scorn to exchange hi 0
lot for that of the laborer huddled into
the slums of the larger towns.
Borne deplorable incidents took place
recently in one or two churches at
Naples, iu consequence of an address
to the Pone presented by some stu
dents. Their companions protested
against this address, and a preacher at
the Church of San Carlo all* Arena,
having used some otFeusiveexprissions
respecting free-thinking students,
some of tlie latter entered the church
on the evening of tlie 25th of May
apostrophized tlie preacher and cried
out “Hurrah for liberty of thought,”
“Down with tlie Reactionists. A liot
ensued, the congregation attacking
the students, who, however, tscaped
In the confusion. One woman was
much hurt iu the souffle. On tlie same
evening in two other churches a false
alarm that the students were coming to
disturb the service gave rise to
slight panics.
He who wishes to txert a uselul in
fluence must be more careful to insult
nothing. Let him not be trouble by
what seems absurd, but let him conse
crate bis energies to the creation of
what is good.
P