The true citizen. (Waynesboro, Ga.) 1882-current, September 08, 1882, Image 6

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What the Face Shows, Round eyed persons see much, live much in the senses, but think less. Narrow-eyed persons, on the other hand, see less, but think more and feel more intensely. It will he ob served that the ejes of children are open and round. Their whole life is to receive impressions. It is only when childhood is maturing toward manhood or womanhood that thought comes, if it comes at all. But what is it that most leads to reflection? Ex perience. Our errors, our shortcom ings, our failures—these teach us to think befoteweact, to consider each step, to weigh every motive. When, therefore, the upper eyelid—for it has the greatest amount of mobility— droops over the eye, it indicates not merely reflection but something pain ful to reflect upon. Hence the length of drooping of the upper eyelid beto kens confession and penitence. The drooping, of half of the eyelid from the outer angle to the centre in dicates the disposition to confess one’s faults to parents or senior*, to a “father confessor,” or to the Supreme Being. The drooping of half of the ey elid from the inner angle to the centre betokens the disposition to re pent, and to “do works meet for re pentance.” Closely allied to these sights are those of prayerfulness and humility. The former is indicated by the muscle which turns the eye di rectly upwards. The faculty of hu- rnilitv is indicated by the muscle which turns the eye directly down ward, as represented in the pictures of the Madonna. Prayerfulness is usually large in connection with the sign of col fession, and humility in connec tion with that of penitence ; the rea son of which is,that between the facul ties of penitence and humility there is the same close connection as between confession and prayer. One who has more prayer than humility has the eye turned habitually somewhat up ward so that the upper part of the iris is a little covered by the upper eyelid, and so as to have a slight space be tween the iris and the lower lid. The reverse is true of one who has more humility than prayer. The faculty of truth—that is, the love of the truth—is indicated by tne niuscie which surrounds the eye, causing folds and wrinkles. Justice is indicated by the muscle which causes perpendicular wrinkles between the eyebrows. Fullness and wrinkles under the eye, for which some per sons are remarkable, indicate the love of mathematical accuracy ; and wrin kles curving upward from the outer angle of the eye and eyebrow indicate probity or personal truthfulness. There are three degrees of the faculty of justice. The first is a kind of ex actness or strict honesty in small money matters, which some people would call closeness, and is indicated by a singular perpendicular wrinkle or line between the eyebrows. The second is the disposition to require justice in others, and is indicated by two perpendicular lines or wrinkles, one on each side of the centre—a very common sign. The third degree is conscientious ness, or the disposition to apply the rule of justice to one’s self, and is in dicated by three or more wrinkles or lines, especially noticeable, extending above the eyebrow when the muscle is in action. The love of command is indicated by one or more short trans verse wrinkles across the root of the nose, exactly between the eyes. It may be seen in great military com manders, in masters and teachers, and in those generally who are fond of ex ercising authority. In those who are wantiDg in the power to command and have no desire for responsibility this sign is also absent. The facility of command frequently acts with that sort of justice which reprimands or requires others to do right, and both together produce that frowning and lowering brow which is so terrible to evil-doeis or those who love to be ap proved rather than condemned. No amount of good food will fatten geese originally of a mongrel type. The quickest and best to lay on sound flesh are the produce of Ernbden geese crossed by a Toulouse gander. Do not proceed to fatten suddenly. After giving free range of stubble and grass seeds, confine gradually, and at last wholly, in a partially dark place. Wheat and barley grain, and barley meal with brewers’ grains, fatten well. Goslings may be put up to fatten at five or six weeks ; seven weeks should bring them to perfection. Indian meal In also good, and turnip and fiiangel tops are also greatly relished. Ponds are not required, but large troughs of water should stand about in the shade. —American Cultivator. Tartar Emetic as a Poison. Antimony and its compounds, says Knowledge. would not be dangerous were it not for the too prevalent opin ion that they may be used in all cases, safely, as emetics. Antimony itself cannot be used in this way until it has been so modified by chemical admix ture as to be capable of decomposition by the fluids of the body. For this purpose tartarized antimony, in the form commonly known as tartar emetic, is usually employed ; and most cases of antimonial poisoning have arisen from the administration of tar tar emetic in large doses. The em ployment of this substance to detect children or servants who have taken forbidden articles of food has led to some very sad cases of poisoning. The practice cannot be too strongly repre hended. Tartar emetic has also been used, as foolishly, to cure confirmed drunkards of their bad habit by caus ing sickness. When tartar emetic has been taken in poisonous amount and vomiting does not follow, it must be excited until, if possible, all the poison has been rejected. Copious draughts of tepid water, tickling the back of the throat, and other such methods of producing vomiting, may be employed If, however, the poison cannot be got rid of in this way, a decoction of tinc ture of quinine may be given with advantage, for tartarized antimony is decomposed by nearly all bitter or astringent vegetables which contain tannin, producing an inert tannate of the protoxide of antimony (which is the base of tartar emetic and James’s Powder). Should no quinine be at hand a strong infusion of black tea should be administered, pending the arrival of a medical man. Referring to the Bravo case, Knowl edge says the whole theory of those who suspected Mrs. Bravo of poison ing her husband was absurd. Mr. Bravo, it says, probably took a poison ous dose of laudanum, trusting to the tartar emetic as a safe and sure emetic and not knowing that it should never be taken in cases of narcotic poisoning. Narcotic poisons so diminish the sensi bility of the stomach that it will re tain under their action what under other circumstances it would immedi ately reject. Failing to remove the laudanum by a dose of tartar emetic, Mr. Bravo probably repeated the dose until he had taken a poisonous amount. Borrowed From the Turtle. A Plan to Inerease the Speed and Ease of Swimmers. An elderly man, with thin pieces of wood shaped like artists’ palette strapped on his hands and feet, has attracted much attention in the water at Manhattan Beach some days by swift and graceful swimming. His equipment was called “swimming plates,” and he took apparent pleasure in teaching, free of charge, those who took an interest in his invention. The swimmer was R. H. Wallace- Dunlop, C. B., an Englishman, who has devoted himself to the science of natation, and has written a work upon plate swimming. After study ing lor years the swimming habits of seals, fishvs, beavers and turtles, Mr. Dunlop began to experiment, to see whether lie could not make man an amphibious auimal by supplying him with practical fins or flippers. Owing to the impossibility of introducing nerves and muscles for economic ex pansion and contraction, he found that all jointed, hinged, and umbrella fins were practically worthless, as the opening or closing of the fin was made dependent upon the action of the water duriug the stroke of the arm and leg, and that as the greater part of the stroke was employed in the expansion oftheflnit was rendered ineffective, and the aid obtained after expansion of the fin did not compensate for the extra friction and drag of the appara tus during its closing and recovery. But by devising the plates, which are attached to the hands and feet, the in ventor assimilates the equipment of man to the sea lion and the turtle, and, without describing the effect of the devices, it is easily said that the plates increase the pressure area of the hands and feet. The result of this, it Is claimed, is to give greater propulsion and sut plus float power, The inventor says that the plates increase an average swimmer’s speed 50 per cent., and that they enable weak swimmers to go long distances by reduciug the “slip” of the body in oidinary swimming. If the reader will imagine an artist’s palette, of thiii wood, varnished, strapped to each hand, and a large palette serving as a sole to a canvas shoe laced over the end of the foot, strapped across the instep, and again strapped across the ankle, thfe heel projecting at t he rear so as to rest on the ground, an Men of the plates may be obtained. "The heel gives me trouble,” says Mr. Wallace Dunlop, “because no swimming animal has a heel. By letting the heel through the gap of the plate a play of both the ankle and instepjointscan be obtained to bring the plate in line with the leg or square to it at will. The pressure upon the plate comes chiefly from the ball of the foot, and the freedom of the joints gives about ninety degrees of play. The main point in plate swim ming is to«carry the plates through the water edgewise during recovery and square during stroke.” “What added buoyancy is ob tained ?” “About seven ounces from the woodeu plates. They allow the swim mer to rest motionless upon the sur face without any constrained breath ing, as in ordinary floating ” “It is easy to go to sleep, then, in the water?” “Yes, because natural breathing without sinking is practicable. A friend, late in the Indian navy, told me that he slept for some time floating in the harbor of Jeddo. Moreover, with the swimming plates a man can carry a weight of fifty pounds of iron around his neck. Much is said about fast swimming, but the result of my experience is that, roughly speaking, one and a half yards a second is the ne plus ultra of swimmers. Great swimmers have to use an immense amount of energy to secure the few inches a second that they make over ordinary swimmers.” “What is the length of the leg stroke?” “From two feet to two feet six inches. The action is not directly backward and forward like the connecting rod of a craDk or the piston of a steam engine, but the feet trace a cycloid.” “Did you take the plan of the swim ming plate from the turtle ?” “Yes, the shape of the turtle is that of a swimming plate. It moves easily edgewise in the water, and has much vertical stability, which enables it to make the up and down blow of its front flippers very effective. When a turtle moves slowly its action is like that of a frog on the diagonal—that is, it works the left front and the right rear flippers together, but when doing its best the turtle works its flippers in pairs, which is found advantageous by human swimmers with plates.” Charles Lamb and the Cheese. The late Charles Mathews used to tell, with great glee, a little story#of Charles Lamb, which he vouched for as authentic, and believed to be un published. I am indebted for it to Mr. Henry 8. Leigh (the Poet of Cockayne) who had it from the lips of his friend, the lamous actor. One evening Marv Lamb took a sudden and violent fancy to have some Stilton cheese foi supper, an article of which they had not a scrap in the house. It was very wet, and getting rather late; but Cnarles, with that self-denial which showed itself in a life-long de votion to his sister, at once volunteered to try whether any could be got. He sallied forth, and reached their cheese monger just as the shutters were being put up. 4 In reply to his demand, he was as sured that they had fine ripe Stilton ; and the shopkeeper proceeded to cut off a slice. As it lay on the scales Lamb’s attention was forcibly arrested by the lively gambols of a number of maggots which came to the surface of the “fine ripe Stilton.” “Now, Mr. Lamb,” said the cheesemonger, “shall I have the pleasure of sending this home for you?” “No, th-th-thank you,” said Charles. “If you will give me a bit of twine I cou-cou-could, p’rhaps, 1-1-1-lead it home !” The man ner in which Charles Mathews ren dered Lamb’s stutter was, says Mr. Leigh, inimitable. ■ — » — When cows gnaw rotten wood, old bones, etc., it is an indication that they are not getting phosphate enough. Milch cows rapidly exhaust laud of phosphates, and in time pastures be come so exhausted of this material that the grass produced does not sat isfy the cows. There are two reme dies : First, feed small quantities of b me meal to the cows twice a week ; second, spread on the pastures 500 pounds of ground bone to the corf— this is much the best remedy, because it greatly improves the pasture by in creasing the quantity as well as the quality of grass, and it is the most natural way to supply the wants if the cow. Culinary Conceits. Fried Asparagus.—Blanch the asparagus a couple of minutes, and then drain it; dip each piece in batter and fry it in hot fat. When done, sprinkle with salt and serve Dot. This is nice, and easy to prepare. Vanity Cake.—One and a half cups of powuered sug»r, half a cup of butter, half a cup of sweet milk, one and a half cups of flour, half a cup of corn starch, a teaspoouful of baking-powder, white of six eggs ; bake in two cakes, putting frosting between and on top. Ice Cream.—Take three pints of sweet cream, a quart of .new milk, a pint of powdered sugar, the whites of two eggs beaten light, a tablespoonful of vanilla; put in the freezer till thoroughly chilled through, and then freeze. This is easily made, and is very good. Fruit Frapees —Line a mould with vanilla ice cream, fill the centre with fresh berries or fruit cut in slice*, cover with ice cream, cover closely, and set in freezer for half an hour, with salt and ice well packed around it. The fruit must be chilled, but not frozen. Strawberries and ripe peaches are delicious thus prepared. Dry LIma Beans. —Wash one quart of dry Lima beans in two warm waters; soak three hours, drain, and put on to cook in enough boiling water to cover them. Cover the pot with a tin lid, adding more hot water as it boils away, boiling rapidly one and a half hours, when there should be only water enough to come up to. the top of tne beans—just sufficient tc > make a nice dressing. Five minutes before taking up season with salt and pepper, and stir in a dressing ma e of one tablespoon each of flour and butter rubbed together until smooth. This is a delicious dish. , Creamed Cabbage.—Slice as for cold slaw and stew in a covered sauce pan till tender; drain it, return to saucepan, add a gill or more of rich cream, one ounce of butter, pepper and salt to taste ; let simmer two or three minutes, then serve. Milk may be used by adding a little more butter; or have a deep spider hot, put in the sliced cabbage, pour quickly over it a pint of boiling water, cover close and cor-k for ten minutes, then pour off water, and a id hall a pint of rich milk. When the milk boils stir in a teaspoon of flour moistened with a little milk ; season, cook a moment and serve. Pineapple Pudding.—Butter a pudding-dish and line the bottom and sides with slices of stale cake, spong- cake is best; pare and slice thin a large pineapple (be sure to leave out the core), place in the dish first a layer of pineapple, then strew in the sugar, then more pineapple, and so on until all is used ; pour over a small teacup oi water, and cover with slices of cake which have been dipped in cold water, cover the whole With a buttered plate and bake slowly for two hours. Asparagus ala Parmesan.—Only the tenderest young heads must be used for this entree, which claims Italy for its birthplace. The heads must be •ooked in boiling salt and water. Put a layer of grated Parmesan cheese in a rather deep dish, then a layer of the asparagus, on the top of which pour someoiled butter. Ttien another layer of the cheese, asparagus and butter. Finish with the cheese, and strew some brown breadcrumbs over the whole. Heat through thoroughly in the oven, or glaze over with the sala mander. Pea Soup.—Take a quart of shelled peas ; boil the pods in a gallon of cold water uutii all the substance is boiled out of them ; then skim them out, and put two pounds of beef into the pot. After the meat is boiled to shreds, skim the soup well, strain and return it to the pot; add the peas, with a little parsley, and let it simmer until the peas are quite tender; season with pepper and salt; thicken with a little butter and flour, let it boil up once and serve. Frogs.—The hind legs only are used. They are such a delicacy that it is a pity not to prepare them nicely and serve them done to a turn, crisp, and hot. Throw them into slightly acidulated salted boiling water and let them boil about three minutes. Then take them out and drain and dry them well. Season them with pepper and salt, roll them in cracker or bread crumbs, then in beaten eggs, again in crumbs, and let them color nicely in boiling lird. The crumbs should be removed from the bones before they are fried. Sometimes they are served with little paper frills curled round the bones, and they are generally arranged in a oircle upon a hot platter surrounding green peas. Statistical. The census returns of manufactures in twenty cities give the following figures in regard to the * mployment of children in factories : Philadelphia, 14,350 ; New York, 8928; Cincinnati, 5024; Chicago, 4799; Baltimore, 4111; Brooklyn, 3423; Boston, 1228; Cleve land, 1385; Detroit, 1220; Newark, 2586; Jersey City, 750; Pittsburg, 3235 ; Providence, 1510 ; Milwaukee, 966 ; San Francisco, 1081; St. Louis, 2942; Washington, 257; New Orleans, 552 ; Louisville, 1025. This Is a consid erable army of infantry growing up in factories to be future citizens. It is to be observed that the branches of in dustry which rejoice in the highest protective duties use the most children and pay the lowest wages. According to protective theories, these indus tries ought to pay the highest wages and consume the smallest number of children. After awhile the working men of the country will have a clearer conception of the benefits which they derive from the protective system. The wonderful progress that Texas has made in the past decade has ex cited the attention and admiration of the whole country. It has doubled its population in that period and quad rupled its wealth ; and from the lowest place in the Uuion it has risen to be the empire railrojd State of the South This improvement and development have been generally attributed to the large emigration that Texas has re ceived from the North. Yankee en terprise and energy, new blood and new ideas, it is said, have worked a change,overcome the ancient Southern spirit and made a new land of Texas. But here come the cold figures of the census bulletin and remorselessly up set all the claims of Northern self laudation, and show conclusively that it is to the South that Texas ow^s its population and its progress. Of the 1,477,133 inhabitants of the State 1,354,- 192 were born in the South, and only 82,941 in all the other sections of the country—the North, West, the Pacific slope and the Territories. Alabama alone has furnished twice as many people as all the Northern States put together, and the quota from Louisi ana exceeds that of any fifteen States north of Mason and Dixon’s line. Texas, therefore, is thoroughly South ern in its ideas, its enersry and its progress, and is a convincing evidence of Southern enterprise and industry. Although almost an infant compared with the original Stales of the Union, California must be accorded the van as an industrial, money-making State, Beginning its career by gold-mining, the development of silver-mining, which soon followed, proved almost as remunerative. Then wheat-raising became a most flourishing industry, and now we are told that the yield of vineyards and orchards promises to become of even more importance than the cereal harvest. Nearly 1%)00,000 gallons of wine are produced in the State annually. No trustworthy sta tistics can be obtained as to the total quantity of fruit grown, butthe report says that 2,000,000 pounds of dried, 4,686,430 pounds of canned and over 7,000,000 pounds of green fruit eame eastward by rail last year. These ex ports obtained very remunerative prices, the grapes, plums, pears, apri cots and peaches being in especial re quest, and the California orange is also said t% be coming into vogue. Only lour or five years ago the price of grapes on the spot ranged from $8 to $9 per ton for ordinary sorts, to $15 or $20 for the choice varieties. These prices have already douoled and, as viniculture presents few difficulties in California, those engaged in it are re ported to be makiug splendid profits. Unfortunately, the phylloxera has made its unwelcome appearance in several pUces, and the California farmers may possibly discover, there fore, that wheat growing pays best, after all. A California correspondent of the Rural New Yorker uses the almond as a stock for the peach, apricot and for prunes. The grafts grow with great vigor, nearly all makiug a growth of ten feet the first year, with side branches from one to four feet. They were shortened back to keep them within bounds the second year, and all except the apricots bore well the third year Many years ago we employed the hardy bitter almond in New York as a stock for the peach, as not being liable to the attacks of the grub, but the advantages gained hardly paid for the trouble, and the practice was given up. There is no question, however, that it would be better for this purpose than the plum.