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m Fruit. Its quality influences the selling price. Profitable fruit growing insured only when enough actual Potash is in the fertilizer. Neither quantity nor good quality possible without Potash. | Write for our fret books giving details. GERMAN KALI WORKS, Nassau St., New York City. MACON SEED HOUSE GABDEN AND FIELD BEANS, OOBN, ONION SETS,..* EARLY AMBER and ORANGE SORGHUM. KAFFIR CORN, PEANUTS, WATERMELON, / CANTALOUPE Stock and Poultry Powders. L. W. GRAY, Mug*. 40© Poplnr St. MACON, GA. A fflitpE HOTEL. HAVING LEASED THE Stubblefield House, Mulberry St., MAO ON, GA., „ Nest to Aoadomy of Muslo, It iB my purpose to conduct n hotel that will be horae-like and satisfying to alL guests. It is specially suitable for ladies or others viBitmg Maoou for a day or longer, We Strive to Please. Lreorge S. Riley. THE SEMI-WEEKLY JOURNAL OF ATLANTA, GA. Ib ft twJ<jo-a-\voolc NEWS paper, published on Mondfty find Thursday or each woolc, with nil the latest-nows of tho world, which oomeB over tholr leased wires direct to their oillco. Is an eight-page seven-column paper. lly arrangements wo have soourod a special rate with them in aonnootion with OUK PAPER. and for $2 we will sond If#l4#l THE ATLANTA -Serni-Weekly Journal- and tlio Southern Cultivator ALL THREE ONE YEAR. Tills Is the best offer wo have ever mado our friends and subscribers. You had bettor take advantage of this offer at once, for The Journal may withdraw their special rate to us at any time. The Semi-Weekly lias mauy prominent men and women contributors to tholr columns, among them being Rev. 8am Jones, Rev. Walk er Lewis, Hon. Harvio Jordan, Hon. John Tem ple Graves and Mrs. W. H. Felton, besides their crops of efficient editors, who take care of the nows matter. Their departments are well cov ered. Its columns of farm news are worth the the price of the paper. Send direct to this offioe' $2.00 and secure the three above mentioned papers one year. •Address THE HOME JOURNAL, PEIIRY, GA. BO YEARS' EXPERIENCE { Trade Marks Designs Copyrights Ac. Anyone sending a sketch and description may quickly ascertain our opinion'free whether an Invention Is probably patentable. Communica tions etrtetly confidential. Handbook oa Patents sent free. Oldest agency for seonringpatents. 1 " through f i.' receive Nitrogen and the Way In Which It Is Absorbed. »'♦*- r I weekly. Largest clr- itlon of any scientific Journal. Terms, $3 a r; four months, $L Sold by all newsdealers. nee, Stt F Bt» Washtcgtofl. D. 0. JOB WORK NEATLY EXECUTED — AT THIS OFFICE STATE CHEMIST'S LETTER NO. 4 Actual Quantities of Plant Food In Soils—What Determines the Crop Producing Power of the 8oll, Etc. Interesting and Instructive Treatise. Naturally the nitrogen we find In the plant by analysis next claims our at tention. As I told you in my last let ter that there are nearly eighty gal lons of nitrogen In one hundred gal lons of air, you would quite naturally exclaim that there would be no need to bother about providing nitrogen for the crops, as they ought to be able to obtain all they want from the enor mous oceans of it floating all around and about them. Yes, one would natur ally suppose so, but alas, It is not true-; the plant is helpless to feed on the ni trogen around It In the air, no mat ter how thirtsy It may be for It It Ib like the shipwrecked sailor in the open boat at sea, though parched and dying with thirst, yet he cun not slake his thirst, though there he nothing but water, water, all about him. It seems as though there were a cer tain malice in Nature in so constitut ing plants that they cannot take the nitrogen out of the air directly,, yet perhapB It is a good thing they cannot, because If they could, life would be so easy that we probably would not exert ourslves as much as we should. Nl- trogen being the most expensive ele ment of plant fobd, if it were provided free of cost like the carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, we could grow such enor mous crops at such small cost, that the cost of living would be so reduced, that a man would not have the same urgent stimulus behind him to work and to labor that he now has. The Form In Which Plants Absorb Nitrogen. But to return to our subject, the plant requires nitrogen, but it cannot take it through its leaves; it has to take it up through its roots, and In or der for the roots to take it up, the nl- trogent must be combined with nitrate. It must be in the form of nitrate of Boda, or nitrate of lime, or nitrate of mag nesia, or nitrate of potash, or some other form of nitrate before the plant can utilize It. If we put any organ lc matter containing nitrogen Into the soil, either vegetable or animal, aB cot ton seed meal, blood, meat, or even if we plow under green crops, they will begin to decay and putrify in the soil, until the nitrogen which they con tain In the form of protein (about which I wrote you so much last year) found in* the ash of the plant Only small quantities of these however are required by the plant and they are al ways abundant in soils. Soda Is like wise found in both soil and plant, but is not essential to the plant. Phosphor ic acid, potash and lime are found in only small quantities In most soils, but exist in considerable quantity in the ash of the plants, and each one of them is absolutely necessary to the life, growth and development of the plant. For this reason, tho other elements being usually abundant, a soli is said to .bo rich or poor accord ing to Hs contents of potash, phosphor ic aoid, lime and nitrogen. Potash and phosphoric acid are usually contained in soils In small quantity, varying from about one-tenth of a pound in a hundred pounds of the'soil, to one pound in one hundred pounds. Although that amount looks small; let us figure It by the acre. Weight of the Soil Per Acre. An avereage soil, when dry, if taken to the depth of nine Inches, will weigh three to three and one-half mil lion pounds to the acre. Therefore a soil containing one-tenth of one per cent of phosphoric acid, would really contain three thousand to thirty-five hundred pounds of phosphoric acid per acre, or as much as could be obtained by the application of ten to twelve tons of high-grade acid phosphate per acre. You would at once then say that a soli containing one-tenth per cent of pot ash or phosphoric acid ought to be a rich soil and should not require any fertilizers, but there you would be wrong, because it matters not so much what is the total amount of potash or phosphoric acid In an acre of soil as it does to know in what condition that phosphoric acid or potash exists. Availability of the Plant-Food In the Soil. The question arises, is it soluble, Is it available? It is in such condition that the soil water can take it up and convey it to the roots and root hairs of the plant, ready for absorption, by them into the plant-circulation? That Is why we find it necessary to put add phosphate and kalnit and other fertilizers on lands which are being constantly cropped; it is because the constant cropping has exhausted or drawn out of the soil the soluble phos phoric acid and potash, available to the plant, and we must either put on a fertilizer containing them in a sold ble form, or we must let the soil rest a while, that Is “lie fallow,” In order that a fresh supply of plant food may be made available by the slow action of the soil water, the action of car bonic acid, and the other organic acids resulting from the decay of vegetable and animal matters In the soil. If you cannot afford to either put on fer tilizer or to let your land “lie fallow/' then your next resource is to rotate is changed Into a number of other your crop; that is, to plant on the soil forms, being finally converted Into a nitrate ofter the decay of the oorlginal sustance has been fully completed. • As a nitrate it is in a condition where it dissolves easily in water, and is then absorbed by the root hairs and drawn up into the circulation of the plant. Now the vast majority of plants have to obtain their nitrogen In the roundabout manner Just describ ed, but there are few favored plants which are able to obtain their nitrogen out of the air through the Instrumen tality of certain minute organisms or microbes in the soil. We will have more to say of this later on. When the organic matters I have described above, animal or vegetable, as cotton seed meal, blood meat, manure or turned under green crops decay In the soil, the carbon and hydrogen which are contained in them are not ab sorbed like the nitrogen through the roots into v the plant, the plant does not get Its supply of carbon and hy drogen In that way. They simply re main in the soil'to form what is known as the humus of the soil, or the de cayed organic matter of the soil, which Improves its mechanical., condition, gives it a dark or black color, and serves as an excellent retainer of moisture and heat in the soil. Refer ring now to the analysis of a rich soil, which I gave you in my last letter, we find that besides the organic sub-i stance about which we have just been talking, there are also the Inorganic or mineral substances, such as we found in the ashes of the plant we first analyzed. The Various Elements Found in the Soil. The most abundant substance of all these mineral or ash elements in the soil we find to be silica,, or as you are quainted with it, sand. You will re member there was in this particular rich soil 71.55 pounds of silica out *bf every 100 pounds, and yet the wheat plant grown on this soil only contained two and three-quarters pounds of sili ca out of every 100 pounds, and even this was not absolutely essential to the health and growth of the plant. Although we find alumina in the soil, we find none in the plant; Alumata is one of the principal elements of a dsiy soil. Iron, magnesia and sulphur ic acid found in the soil are likewise which has begun to fail you some other crop of a different nature, which may not require so much of a certain element of plant food as the previous crop did. For Instance, follow cotton with peas or clover. What Determines the Crop-Producing Power of the Soil. In considering the capacity of a soil to produce crops we must remem ber one thing, and that is that the es sential element which exists In the smallest amount settles the qustion of th crop-producing powr of a soil. That Is to say, if a soil Is vry rich in avail able phosphoric acid, nitrogen, lime magnesia, and the other essential ash elements, and yet be poor In available potash, that soil cannot produce heavy orops without the application of an available potaBh fertilizer. If that soil has only available potash enough in It to produce ten bushels of corn per acre, or two hundred pounds of seed cotton per acre, then all you are going to get out of that soil is ten bushels of corn, or two hundred pounds of seed cotton, no matter whether there was available phosphoric acid and ni- trogen and lime, etc., in the soil enough to produce forty bushels of corn or fifteen hundred pounds of seed cotton. This brings us to the question of soil analysis, which we will treat in oiir next letter. JOHN M. McCANDLESS. Cures Blood Poison, Cancer, Eczema, Ulcers, Etc. Treatment Free. If you have offensive pimples or erup tions, ulcers on any part of the body aching bones or joints, falling hair, mu cous patches, swollen grinds, sore lips, eating, festering sores, sharp, gnawing pains, then you suffer from serious blood poison or the beginning of deadly can cer. It is a dangerous condition, but you may be permanently cured by taking Bo tanio Blood Balm (B. B. B.), made espe cially to cure the worst bipod diseases. It heals every sore or ulcer, stops all .ches and pains and reduces all swell lags. Botanic Blood Balm cures all ma lignant blood troubles, suoh as eczema scabs and soales, pimples, running sares, oarbunbles, scrofula, etc. Especially ad apted for all obstinate cases that have reached the second or third stage. Drug gists, $1. Trial treatment free by writing Dr. Gillam, 213 Mitchell St., Atlanta, Ga. Describe trouble and free medical advice given. Medioine sent at once prepaid. AVfegetable Prcparatbiilbr As similating IlieFood and ma ting the Stomachs andBowcls of I NMn TsHfiiMli: Promotes Digestion,Cheerful ness andRest.Contains neither Opium,Morphine nor Mineral. NOT NARC OTIC. Jdeape of OldDrSAtSUELPtTGHEl Pumpkin Seed’' Mx.Sejvut, * Rochelle Sallt- elaue Seed * ■Seed ed At gar vrttM. Flavor. A perfect Remedy for Constipa tion , Sour Stomach,Diarrhoea Worms .Convulsions .Feverish ness and Loss OF SLEEP. Facsimile Signature oP NEW YORK. /kt (j month-; ol(l 15 -D <.»■«*■k S -r- |yt. L N 1 % IE You Havp Always Bough! EXACT COPY OF WRAPPER. Thirty Years CASTORIA YMB CCNTAUH COMPANY. NIW YONH OITY. PENNSYLVANIA PURE RYE, EIGHT YEARS OLD. OLD SHARPE WILLIAMS Pour ful Quarts of this Fine -.Old, Pnre RYE WHISKEY, $3.50 We ship on approval in plain, sealed boxes, with no marks to indicate contents. When lyou receive it and test it, If it is not satisfactory, return it at our expense and we wil return your $3.50. We guarantee this brand to be EIGHT YEARS OLP. Eight bottles for $6 60, express prepaid; 12 bottfes for $0 60 express preoaid. One gallon jug, express prepaid, $3 00 j 2 gallon'jug, express prepaid, $6 50. No charge for boxing. We handle all the leading brands of Rye and Bourbon Whiskies and will save you The Macon Telegraph. Published every day and Sunday, and Twicq-a-Week, by The Macon Telegraph Publishing Co. * Subscription Daily and Sunday, .00 per annum. Daily except Sunday, $5.00 per annum. Twice a-Week, $1.00 per annum. Best advertising medium in the city. Rates furnished on appli cation. & f 50 Pev Cent, on Your Purchases: , Quart, Gallon. Kentucky Star Bourbon $ 36 $125 Elkridge Bourbon 40 160 Boon Hollow Bourbon 45 165 Celwodd Pure Rye 60 l DP Monogram Rye 55 2 00 McBrayer Rye 60 225 Maker’s A AAA 65 240 O. O. P. (Old Oscar Pepper) 65 240 Old Crow 75 250 Fincher’s Golden Wedding 75 2 50 Hoffman House Rye..... 90 300 Mount Vernon, 8 years old 106 360 Old Dillinger Rye, 10 years old,.... 125 4 00 The above are only a few brands. Send for a catalogue. All other 3oods by the gallon, such as Corn Whiskey, Peach and Apple Brandies, etc., sold equally as low, from $125 a gallon and upward We make a speciasty of the Jug Trade? and all orders oy Mail or Telgeraph wilj have our prompt attention: Special inducements offered. Mail Orders shipped same day of the receipt of order. The Altmayer & Flateau Liquor Company, 606, 508, 510, 512 Fourth Street, near Union Passenger Depot. MACON, GEORGIA. PERFECT PASSENGER AND SUPERB SLEEPING-CAR SERVICE BETWEEN ALL PRINCIPAL POINTS IN THE THE COMMONER, (Mr. Bryan’s Paper.) The Commoner has attained within six months from date of the first issue a circulation of 100,000 copies, a record probably never equaled in the history of American periodical literature. The unparalleled growth of this paper de monstrates that there is room in the newspaper fields for a national paper de voted to the discussion of political, eoonomio, and social problems. To the columns of the Commoner Mr. Bryan contributes his best efforts ;and his views of political events as they arise from time to time can not failitointexest those who study public questions. The Commoner’s regular subeription price is $1.00 per -year. We have arrang ed with Mr. Bryan whereby we can bur nish his paper and Home Journal to gether for ont. Year for $1.90. The reg ular subscription price of the two pa pers when eubcribed for separately is $2.50. Connecti ng at SAVANNAH with STEAMSHIP LINES PLYING BETWEEN Savannah and New York, Boston, Phifadelphia, Baltimore AND ALL POINTS NORTH AND EAST Complete information, rates, schedules of trains and sailing dates of steamers cheerfully furnished by any agent of the company. THEO. D. KLINE, W. A. WINBURN, General Sup’t, Traffic Manager, t J. q. HAILE, General Pata'r Agent, F. 4. ROBINSON, Aia’t General Paee’r Agent SAVANNAH <>C