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The World’s Largest Bauch lu Texas
In the Panhaudle of Texas is lo
cated the largest ranch in the west
and also in the world. It is known
*s the “X. I. T.,” the “Oapitol Syn- ployes.
dioate,” or "Farwell” raoch, and The cowboys
contains over 3,000,000 acres of
land. It is owned principally by
ex-Senator Uhas. B. Farwell and his
brother John of Chicago, and was
acquired by them about sixteen
years ago. At that time the people
of TexaB needed and desired a capi
tol building, but no funds were ob
tainable with which to erect one.
There were, however, immense tracts
of unoccupied land in the state and
khe legislature offered this one to
anybody who would construct the
necessary building. MiCFanvell or
ganized a syndicate in Chicago and
accepted the offer. Now their fine
granite capitol is the pride of Texas
citizens, and thousands of thorough
bred Hereford, Aberdeen, Augus
and Shorthorn cattle room over
what was formerly waste land.
The ranch lieain the staked plains.
It has an altitude at its northern ex
tremity of 4,700 feet and at the
southern end of 2,303. Its greatest
length is 200 miles. Its a\erage
width is about twenty-five miles
It iB situated in the extreme north
west corner of Texas and covers all
or a portion of nine different coun
ties. The state of Connecticut could
not contain it, and it would cover
the states of Rhode Island and Del
aware combined and then lap over
in adjoining states. Fifteen hun
dred miles uf wire fence inclose the
5,000 Bquare miles within its boun
daries and separate the different di
visions of the tract. The services
of a head foreman, seven assistant
foremen and about 125 eoytrboys are
requisite for the work upon it.
There are 800 wells upon the land
and these, in addition to prairie
lakes, dry in rainless seasons, ran
ning streams and reservoirs built tq
conserve the surface water, afford
water for the stock. The wells are
from 100 to 400 feet deep. They
Are unaffected by drought and have
n constant flow of good, pure water.
Each well, when supplied with
windmill and a reserve tank, will
ilurnish water for 500 to 1,000 head
of stock. In the summer time when
Miere is not sufficient wind somt-
i nes to run the windmills a gaso
kne engine is used to run them.
There are only two towns upon
tho.rauoh—Cbanning and Texline.
The main headquarters are at Ohan-
aiug. There a daily record of the
srainfall, temperature and Bnowfall is
kept. A telephone system connects
r,he headquarters with every divis
ion, and a stampede or anything
that occurs-out of the ordinary rou
tine, is known at headquarters as
•h>q as it happens. The top wire
•>f the fenoes is a telephone wire, in
flated ab the posts. When a gate
a* made in a fenoe two upright poles
are placed on either side of it above
■ foe height, of a load of hay or any
t ill object that might pass through
if, and the wire is stretohod over
f.hese poles and down on the other
*ide of the fence again. This sys
tem of telephoning is used on many
isolated ranches in the west, con
tacting them with other ranches
tnd the nearest towns. To keep his
telephone in working order a man
jutflt keep his fences in repair.
The soil is a black, fertile loam,
a id is covered with buffalo, mosqui
to ind other grasses, whioh cure up-
P l their stems in the dry season and
i irnish pasturage both summer and
v; inter. Cattle from the ranch have
Viken many prizes in stock exposi-:
Hjns all over the country. Ship
ments are made to Chicago, New
Yjik and Europe. The herds have
family been enlarged and im
proved. Upon the small ranches 90
. o 95 per cept of the calves are
W. .'jaded each year, but upon the
SlS h’acts n °k 80 a -percent--
is obtained, as it is more diffi-
tsiiMs to shelter and protect them,
f ba only loss is a small per cent by
am occasional "norther” in the win-
i@r time,
"The day of the large ranchmen is
passing away. It is found to be
si'oboj profitable to do business on a
■sroailler scale, in proportion to the
sT-irtlay involved. Since the opening
of Oklahoma the country is being
snore thickly settled, lands have ris-
«n in value, and many of the larger
xanches are being oat up into small
er ones. The next in size to the X.
i. T. are two ranches of a million
acres each. . Though the Farwell
xaach has been utilized heretofore
as one vast body of land, a portion
of it is to be divided and sold. The
head foreman has charge of the en
tire tract, but there are many divis
ions of thousands of acres each in
charge of assistant foremen or
em-
keep fences in re
pair, grease windmills, look after the
cattle—often having to ride long
distances after straying bunches—
assist in the round-ups and brand
calves. When at work on outlying
portions of the land a "chuck” wag
on follows them from place to place,
with a cook in charge. It contains
a complete camping outfit, and the
men take their meals upon the
ground around it. They often sleep
for weeks in the open air upon the
ground, living constantly in the sad
dle during the days. Bacon, coffee
and Mexican beans are the staple ar
ticles of a cowboy’s die*, varied
sometimes by biscuits and canned
food. They become - expert ropers,
riders and judges'of cattle. Some
times one is promoted to a position
as foreman, or leaves to become the
owner of a small ranch. Their av-
erage wages are $25 per month and
board, with much higher salaries for
-the foremen. The head foreman up
on the X. I, T. receives a salary of
$3,500 a year, with house, rent free
and provision and medical attention
provided.
The company has numerous store
houses at convenient points, and
have freight wagons to haul sup
plies from the railroads.
Intensified Farming.
One acre well attended will re
turn more than two acres indiffer
ently attended. This is true wheth
er devoted to cereal, vegetable or
fruit. An intelligent comprehension
of what the grain, the plant or the
food requires, and a knowledge of
what the soil contains, the plant
food be properly applied, is the first
requisite, and the second and not
lesB imporllhnt requisite is proper
tillage. The thrifty horticulturist
who lives in his garden, feeding.hia
plants, and constantly on guard
route the vegetable enemy, whel
germ, worm or weed, is the v
that makes the single acre turn i
his till as large net revenue as m
indifferent farmers can secure fro.u a
hundred acres.
The intelligent orchardist who
knows the treatment his trees need
and the soil upon which they feed,
and keeps a vigil over each fruit
bearer,when the fruiting time oomes
oau secure his produce in perfection,
and his returns are larger by far
than come from orchard or vineyard
many times larger owned by those
who permit weeds to associate with
tree and vine, giving no thought
other than to expect fruits from
weed and thistle patch.
The new era of farming and fruit
culture is particularly noticeable in
the south, where attractive truck
farms flank prosperous industrial
centers, and well-kept and well-at
tended orchards yield their abund
ance of incomparable fruits; where
thrifty farmers tfll less land, and do
Shredded Corn.
Editor Sauthebn Cultivator:
DearJ3ir—I am a subscriber to
your valuable paper and think that
I get a lot of information from it.
My wife thinks more of it than I do.
I have read a good deal of shred
ded corn in the Cultivator and would
like to hear from some farmer who
has shredded and used it success
fully, and the kind of machinery and
power used. I shredded part of my
crop last year with a St. Albans ma
chine, and used a two-horse tread
power, which I think was not suffi
cient power, as the stuff waff not cat
fine enough, but I think the same
machine run with steam would do
much better work. My stock have
to be forced to eat it. Now I want
to know if this is the case with oth
er people, or is the shredden stuff
overrated, • or did Ido poor work?
Now I could have sold this for $18
per ton, but it was to a man who
thought it extra good, and I would
not fool him. A. M.
Isom, Ga., Sept. 9, 1902;
Answer:—Shredded corn has been
thoroughly tested and stood the test.
Some cattle do not take *kndly to it
at firet. But if you will sprinkle- a
little salt upon it they will soon eat
it eargerly. Some of our best dairy
men use it entirely and find it satis
factory. Your power was not suffi
cient. Give your machine more
speed and you will be satisfied with
the result. Your neighbor was wiser
than you. Atl now feeds have the
same trouble. Cotton-seed-meal had
a long and hard straggle to get in
to popular favor. Stover properly
made is about as good as any hay
we have made and a great deal bet
ter than most we buy from the
northwest. I
IF YOU W_A_ITT
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call or write.
OLD SCHOOL BOOKS Bought,, Sold and‘Exchanged.
Our Circulating Library Plan is just the thing, and cheap.
We have the best of everything in our line
McEvoy Book & Stationery Co.,
572 Chefry Street, MACON, GA.
H, I
When Pat Played the Lion.
better, and get greater rewards
thau wasting time over large areas.
Southern Farm Magazine.
S. O. McCurdy of Sudbury, Pa.,
has been in the railway mail service
twenty years, and in that time has
traveled 767,084 miles, something
like thirty-two journeys around the
world. In the one wreck which the
veteran mail clerk has been through
his life was saved by a small mail
pack which he had in hiB hand. He
was thrown from his car and would
have gone under the wheels of the
locomotive if the sack had not block
ed his way.
America’s Famous Beauties
" Look with horror on Skin Erup
tions, Blotches, Sores, Pimples.
They don’t have them, nor will
any one, who uses Bucklen’s Ar
nica Salve. It glorifies the face.
Eczema or Salt Rheum vanish be
fore it. It cures sore lips, chap
ped hands, chilblains. Infallible
for Piles. 25c at
drugstore.
"No,” said the lion tamer to Pat
sy Flannigan, "you can’t have a job
to look after the animals,'but our
pet lion died last week, and we’ve
kept the skin, so I’ll give you two
i "i'i Is a week to dress up as the
ii iu.”
'T vo poundsl” echoed Flannigan.
,.rjod gracious, is there so much
gold in the world? Right, soorl”
So Patsy dressed up as the lion
and lay down in the cage. The
menagerie doors were opened and -
the performance commenced, says
London Answers.
"Ladies and gentlemen,” said the
keeper, "to show the wonderful do
cility of these animals, we will now
place the lion in the cage with the
tiger.”
"Man, are ye mad?” said Patsy.
"Think of me wife and childrenl”
"Get in,” replied the keeper, "or
I’ll run this pitchfork through you.”
Patsy thought he might as well
die one way as another, so he crawl
ed into the tiger’s cage, and when
he saw the animal’s big, ferocious
eyes fixed on him he uttered a dole
ful wail and commenced praying in
Irish. The tiger walked over to him.
"What’s the matter wid ye?” said
he. "Shure, man, ye needn’t be
afraid. I’m Oirish meself.”
Holtzclaw’s
The Indiana negro is different
from hjts brother in Georgia. In In
diana several negroes have been ar
rested for grave robbing. In Geor
gia you could not get a negro into
a graveyard at night for love nor
money.—-Savannah News. '
If Ion Suffer from Kidney Troubles
Use Smith’s Sure Kidney Cure. Noth
ing like it for diseased kidnevs. 50
cents, at Gater’s Drugstore
Nature har just., one pigment on
her pallette with which she produc
es all the marvelous tints of beauty,
and that one pigment is the blood.
The shell-like pink beneath the fin
ger nails, the delicate rose of the
cheek, the cherry ripeness of the
lips, the irridescent brilliance of the
eyes are all produced by the blood,
Just as the permanence of a beauti
ful painting will depend upon the
purity of the colors with which it is
painted, so the permanence of beau
ty depends on the purity. of the
blood. Paint, powder and cosmetr-
ics won’t avail to preserve beauty.
Beauty begins in the blood. Dr.
Pierce’s Golden Medical Discovery
is a true beautifier, because it pro
vides for nature that pure blood
with which alone she can paint.
The use of this medicine will cleanse
the skin, heighten the complexion;
brighten the eyes and give to face
and form that radiance of health
which is the greatest charm of
beauty. Dr. Pierce’s Pleasant Pel
lets are very effective in ridding the
system of clogging residuum, whioh
accumulates with constipated habit.
There are thirty-eight students in
Mercer’s law class.
Xhia signature Is on every box of the genuine
f Laxative Bromo-Quinine Tablet* $
tbe remedy that cures a cold In"eW - * -1-
WM
Gor, Second and Poplar Sts;, M AGONIC A
' AGENCY FOR THIS
ALL
BTEKK.
WOVEN WIRE
Made of large, strong wires, heavily galvanized.
Amply provides for expansion and contrac
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Never goes wrong no matter
how great a strain
Mum
Is put on it. Does
cot mutilate, but
does efficiently turn
cattle, horses,
hogs and pigs.
ROD OF AMERICAN FENCE GUARANTEED
by the manufacturers,
Oall and so© it. Oau show you how it will sav& you money and fence
your fields so they will stay fencod.
OTTIEB
ARE BEAUTIES AND LASTERS,
Sfou can t match them elsewhere for less than
We have cheaper ones and
Higher priced ones, too.
WILLIAMS BUGGY
, • - r ■ .
COMPANY,
<3-eoxgia
E. J. MILLER.
MILLER, & CLARK
C. J. CLARK.
AMERIOUS, GA
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