Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

ATLANTA Captation 130.000 Home* 26,000 T^W-phone* 14,000 Mato line* of railroads Stren Miles of street railways iso Banking capital 122,000,000 The Atlanta Georgian. Topnlatlon Miles of steam rallroadi _ ___ MU**i of electric railway* 400 Cotton factories 130, spindles.. 1,100.000 JlsJes cotton consumed in 1905. 800,006 Value of 1906 cotton crop noo.ooo.ooo GEORGIA ... 2.500.001 VOL. 1. NO. 129. Momiug Edition. ATLANTA, GA, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 25, 1906. Morning Edition. TWO CENTS. CALM IS NOW RESTORED AFTER THE WILD RIOTING; NO TROUBLE IS IN SIGHT Unfounded Rumors Sunday Rep lace Acts of Saturday. MILITARY PATROL THROUGHOUT CITY ' REINSTATES LAW Six Hundred of State Troops Were on Duty Suu- clay Night. . The riot Is over. Atlanta Is quiet and there is no in dication of further trouble. At 2 o’clock the streets presented their usual work day appearance and every vestige of the disorder of Sat urday night and Sunday had disap peared. Since midnight Sunday there has been no disorder In the city. Shortly after that hour a negro was lynched at East Point, but It was done so quiet ly that even East Point did not know of it until morning. The military companies of the Second regiment have returned to their homes. No more troops will be culled out. The local companies are still In uniform and under arms, but they have been with drawn from the streets and are at their harracks awaiting emergencies. The police and military authorities have the situation well In hand and be lieve that all trouble Is over. Rumors of disorder In the forenoon proved un founded. No city of North or South could re gret more deeply the riots of Satpr- day night and Sunday than Atlanta. But the citizens who stand for some thing—who own property, who have built Atlanta Into what It Is—are free from any stigma. The howling mob which made Decatur and Marietta streets a pandemonium Saturday night had not one citizen of standing In Its disordered ranks. Unkempt men of the streets, half grown boys at first, In spired by a boy’s love of excitement MINISTERS CONDEMN SENSATIONAL EXTRAS The Methodist ministers of Atlanta, at their meeting at the Wesley Memorial church Monday morning, adopted unanimously a number of resolutions denouncing the riot of Saturday night as an outrage, criti cising the authorities for lax methods In preventing It, condemning the dives which breed crime and the negro** who are responsible for attacks on women. They criticised the action of the sensational papers In Issuing Inflammatory headlines, on Saturday night. The resolutions were in substance as follows: ’’Whereas, The peace and good order of our city have been disturbed by a lawless mob; Its good name dishonored. Innocent people attacked and our population terrorized: therefore, be it resolved: “1. That we deplore and condemn the assaults on white women which have Justly aroused the bitterest feelings of our people, and we express our deepest symapthy with the victims of black brutes. “2. That we condemn the lawless spirit that would not only visit vengeance on the guilty, but wrath upon the Innocent, and that we call upon right-thinking people, by sentiment and action, to regard human rights and divine Justice. ”3. That we express our profoundest sympathy with the Innocent suf ferers of lawless violence. • ”4. That we deplore the weak and slow administration of justice by the courts and hesitating manner of the guardians of the public peace In suppressing dens of vice and hotbeds of violence. “5. That we believe that nearly all acts of violence are caused by the sale and use of Intoxicating drinks and we call upon all our citizens for t^ie suppression of the liquor traffic. ”6. That we deprecate all sensational presentations of assaults or at tempted assaults, as exciting passion and violence. "7. That we call upon the authorities to prosecute to the fullest extent of the law the leaders and instigators of this murderous mob. ”8. That as ministers of *he gospel, charged with the forming and strengthening of right public opinion, we will renew our dllllgence In con demning every form of wrong and In telling our opinion to obedience of God and of the state.” and afterwards animated by animal passion, formed the mob which has sent the name of Atlanta over the wires In no enviable light. Began in Comady. Like nil mobs, It had but a small be* ginning. It began half in comedy. It ended In tragedy. If that first gather ing In Decatur street, near Marietta, had been dispersed before It grew un governable, there would be no troops In Atlanta today—there would have been no terror In Atlanta homes for two long nights. At f> o’clock Saturday night a crowd of perhaps a hundred gathered at De catur and Marietta streets. It was stated afterwards that the trouble be- gnn when a white woman was stopped by a negro and her purse snatched. But those who were standing In the streets saw nothing but a swurm of boys, who yelled and hooted at every negro who passed by. shouting to him to run and aiding him with a kick or a blow with a stick. At first It was almost good natured. There was not an angry face In the crowd Even the negroes who ran the gauntlet seemed to mind but little the blows which hammered them and bent their efforts to reaching a side street, where they might escape.. There was no effort to follow fthem. But ns the mob grew its temper rose. Inflamed by the vile whisky of the De- »utur street dives, the white men who frequent the slums on Saturday night drifted Into the crowd and their temper hpread to the rest. Soon the street was tilled until it was black with men. Restlessly .It moved down Decatur : treet. Its’ leaders announcing that they were going to clean out the dives. Here and there a frenzied man would rise on a bale of hay or a wagon and brandish an "extra” In the air, and the mob would howl for blood. Policemen were sent from the sta tion, but they could not cope with the mob. Then the reserves were ordered nut and men of the day watch awak ened at their homes and rushed to the iwene.' . But the police had let Its op portunity slip by. The inob was now beyond all restraint. 8Hooting Begins. Suddenly a number of shots rang out hf Piedmont avenue close to Decatur. They were fired in the air to frighten a fleeing negro, but they were a signal for deadly shooting a little later. Other chotH were fired. Pletols were shown boldly now, as the mob realised its •‘trength. Then a fire alarm rang out and t'hlef Joyner in his buggy turned from Peachtree Into Decatur street and swept Into the crowd. He never check ed his horse as he reached the crowded street, but the mob had heard his gong and split Into two parts to give him passage. Down the street he drove at a furious pace and behind him came the hose carts and reserve men. Other companies arrived, nut the mob warmed In behind them and Jeered at the firemen. Water Turned on Crowd. Here the first effective repulse of the mob began. Six streams of water with powerful pressure from the mains were turned upon the rioters, the firemen advancing up Decatur street toward Peachtree and beating the mob (back before them. Had It been a question r, f storming a Jatl or of defending anv one spot the water would have solved It. Hut the streams only served to drive the mob, angrier than before, to a •treet out of reach of the hose. Then the mob turned toward Mariet ta Kfroet. By this ffnte the theater* ring their crowds. From the „ rt emptying —I **tar on Decatur street came a thousand »»en to join the mob. From the up- t''wn theaters came women and chil dren. who shrank back In terror from 11 ••• mob and took a roundabout course to their cars. Many sought refuge In the hotels rather than attempt a Jour- SCORES ISSUING OF WILD EXTRAS PREHY GIRL SHOT BY HER FATHER . AS SAT AT TABLE “I Am Thankful That All Papers Did Not Get Them Out.!’ Six Bullet Wounds Inflicted From a Colt’s Pistol. X MAYOR WOODWARD APPEALS FOR THE REIGN OF THE LAW To All Citizens of Atlanta: I appeal to every citizen of Atlanta to settle down again to business and to pay no attention to the rumors which will doubtlesa continue to go the rounds of the city, over nine-tenths of which are absolutely false. * I appeal to you to exert every effort to quell any disturbance which you might see and to report the Bamo immediately to police headquarters. I appeal to the negroes to keep off the streets as much as possible, as their presence might again arouse the animosity of the whites to further action. I appeal to husbands and sons to rcranin at home after nightfall until all semblance of ex citement has passed away, knowing that their services are more needed there than on the streets. These appeals I make with the greatest earnestness and belief that they will be answered. There have been a number of the better class of citizens drawn into the events of the past few days because of the general excitement, but now matters have reached the point where no more lawlessness will be tolerated. Tho law will tako its course. There will be no mercy shown to any breakers thereof. Affairs must become normal. And so it shall be. After 8 o’clock Monday night every minor found on the streets will bo arrested unless a sat isfactory explanation can be given. The police have been instructed, and I wish to notify all parents. The saloons will be closed throughout the day, and if at. night it is believed necessary to keep them closed longer, they will remain closed. Every protection the civic authorities can give will be given to tho people. This protection will extend to all law-abiding citizens. The fair name of Atlanta demands that the most stringent measures shall now be enforced and to protect this name nothing will be left undone. It is my earnest appeal, desire and belief that the citizens who have and who are making Atlanta what it is will give their united efforts to the cause. JAMES 0. WOODWARD, Mayor of Atlanta. STERN JUSTICE L HEIST POINT ZeJ Long Taken From Calaboose and Strung Up. NEGROES SHOOT AT THREE WHITE MEN very quiet, but determined mob, “I nm thankful that all Ahe-papers did not join In the buslneaa of set- tins out extras Saturday night,” eatd Mayor Woodward Monday morning. "Many of the report! that were pub lished were not only fuel to the Are, but entirely false. It la to be (loped In the future that the paper, will be exceed ingly careful what they publish when tlfe newit touches on anything like the cause of the riot.” Mayor Woodword showed plainly the illeguat nnd anger he fell because of the numerous extras Saturday night. These extras were sold from one end of the city to the other, and brought many hundreds of people to the center of the city. At the Qrand, ns well as at the other theaters, newsboys were ready and waiting for the crowd when the Anal curtain had been rung down. The men bought, read and Joined the mob as spectators and thus gave "the weight of their presence to those who were doing the killing,” ns It was stated by the mayor. Mayor Woodward stated Monday that the most deplorable part of the whole occurrence was the fact that so many Innocent negroes suffered. "The real perpetrators of the assaults were doubtless hiding while the work ing negroes were on the streets and were those who suffered. "The better classes of the negroes should he protected, and will be," said the mayor, “and the lawless class of ney home. Anil all this time the mob was swelling In number ami growing more violent as it swelled. First Tragedy of th. Night. In Marietta street. In the very shad ow of the United States government building, occurred the Arst recorded tragedy of the night. A negro, his head bleeding and his clothing torn, emerged from the mob and rnn up the street. A man stepped from the crowd and Ared and the negro fell. This was the beginning. Within half nn hour It was reported that two ne groes were lying dead under the For syth street viaduct and another a block out Marietta street. The mob moved cm and no negro who came within Its clutches eacaiied without a terrible beating. ...... I)y this time, close upon midnight. every negro who had escaped the riot era was making his way homeward through silent streets or crawling through dnrk alleys In nn effort t< reach shelter. Many slept In the Arst hiding place they could reach. The mob was losing Its prey. Negroes Dragged From Cart. Hut the street cars were halt Ailed with negroes who had thought them selves safe In company with respectable white people. The mob stopped a car In Forsyth, near Marietta, and dragged them shrieking from their seats. The motormnn made an effort to put on speed but some one pulled the trolley from the wire. White women and chil dren In the car saw what followed. At 12:30 o’clock the Are alarm rang out the riot cal! and members of the various companies began to muster at luIG’armories Hut the regiment was carried away wun rue excitement oi widely* scattered, an d it was long after the moment, have had time to come to wiopiy h- ■..km—t their senses. The hove who are re- HpeclaHn ThVGeofgtsn. Powder Springs, Ga, Sept. 14 J Bullard, living about one mile from Powder Springs, Qa., abot hla daugh ter and only child, alx tlmea with a Colt revolver, causing Instant death. One ahpt took effect In the right temple, one In the forehead, one In the neck, one In fhe shoulder and the other In the lung. Having left her aa ahe fell from the table, while they were at breakfast, he walked to Powder Springs and told w hat he had done. Mlsa Bullard was a lovely girl, about 18 years old, and was much loved for her noble character. Since her father's return from Texas, Inst Christmas, where he had gone for his henlth, she had kept house for him and waa a most dutiful daughter. He was taken to Marlette and lodged In Jail. 47/TH BALLOT TAKEN AND NO NOMINATION Hpeclnl to TIip Georgian, Waynesboro, On., Sept. 24.—The fourth session of the First congression al convention met In this city today beginning Its session at 12 o'clock and adjourning at 1 for recess until 2:20. The balloting began at the 4«2d and lasted through the 477th with no nomi nation. U seems that every effort made by the Sheppard side to refer the nomi nation back to the people Is refused by the Brannen delegation. It seems that from the beginning the same old farce at Statesboro will be enacted Waynesboro. broke dowjhJdpe door of the East Point calalJoosi ihbrtfy before' midnight Sun day night, and, taking a negro named Zed Long, lynched him without cere mony. Sunday night the negro armed hlnv self and came to East Point nourishing a revolver. He wae Immediately ar rested and lodged In Jail. The negro had been In Jail but a short while, however, when the new* spread over the little town. A well-organised posse got together and marched quietly to the calaboose, broke down the door, took the negro Zed Long out, and, marching him to a batch of woods a half mile from the town, lynched him. So quietly waa the lynching executed that the more peacefully-inclined In habitants of the town were Ignorant of any auch doings. No one In East Point neemn to know Just where the mob originated or Just when It evaporated' All |hat waa left to show for the lynch ing Monday morning was the battered door of the tall and the lifeless form of a negro hanging to a tree. CITIZENS TO MEET TO GUARD WEST END goooooooooooooooooooooooog O THANK8 GOD FOR 0 THE GEORGIAN. O O Thank Ood for The Georgian, O O especially for Its 12 o'clock edlton O 0 of this day, when there Is so much O O unholy excitement, both In the O O press and among the people. O 0 It. B. JOHNSON, O 0OO00O0O0OOOOOOO0OOOO0O0OO whites should be punished. If the mob had caught and disposed of the rapists, it would not have been so bad. But In many Instances I know iiersonally of negroes who suffered that were of the law-abiding kind. "This morning I have received many telephone calls from people all over the city, especially women, asking me to keep the men at home while the waters are troubled, and everything will be done to carry out these requests. "If the riot should continue, the governor will place the city under mar tial law, which will be an everlasting disgrace to Atlanta and to her citi zens. "It Is my belief, however, that the excitement Is now over. 'The law-abid ing citizens who Joined the mob, being carried away with the excitement of midnight before It could be mobilized By that time the rioters had left the untown streets and broken Into smaller squads, which rallied negro settlements In various quarters. Crowds Come to Town. During the hours from 10 to |2 o'clock the streets presented such scenes os never before darkened a page In At lanta's history. Reports of the riot ng reached to the suburbs and every In- Continuod on Pago Two, their senses. The hoys who are re sponsible for much of the trouble will be kept off the streets, and the author ities will attend to the others." 8HOT SEVERAL TIMES BY A NEGDO HOWDY Special to The Georgina. Wilmington, N. t\. Bept. 24.—As the result of a trlval quarrel, Fred Hill, a dlsreptuahl engm, Ared several pistol bullets Into the abdomen of another negro, (.'has. Washington. Washington will die. Hill escaped. West End will be protected by a eltl- sens’ patrol. The cltlsens of that por tion of Atlanta plan to meet Monday evening and lay nut plana to have an organised set of men protect the homes from any possibility nf outrage or dis turbance. The organisation will place guards, and a system of notifying the residents will be perfected. This move eomes after the scare nf Bunday night when the rumor of a con centrated assault on West End spread to nearly every home. “A mob of BOO negroes Is marching on West End with the Intention of burning the homes,” was the report, and because of It some ISO men sat with guns across their knees until dawn scattered all possibility of such an action. Sanitary Chief John Jentzen said Monday: “West End Is not frightened, but It Is prepared for anything that may turn up. A vigilance organisation will guard that portion of the city per haps for the next month.” ALL NEGRO CLUBS On complaint of H. L. Johnaon, of the firm of negro lawyer*. Johnson A Malone, Acting Chief Joiner sent a squad of men Monday afternoon to close all the clubs, dives and negro reatAurants on Ivy street. Johnson went to the station and re ported that these places were filled with negro toughs and questionable charac ters, and he deemed It wise to close up the places for the time. A squad of men were dispatched at once to do eo. At 3 o’clock Monday afternoon there was trouble at the corner of Baker and Butler streets In Darktown. Three white men wero fired upon, but only one of them waa injured. A squad of negroe# gathered ahd shot five times at Tom Fretwell, driver for the Coca Cola* Bottling Company. None of the bullets hit him. J. T. Moore, a collector for J. C. Mason, was fired upon and chased Into a store at 276 Butler street. He was not hurt. A white man, who did not give his name, was slightly hurt and was taken to the hospital. He was merely scratch ed and left the hospital Immediately. A squad of militia, under command of Adjutant Burton Smith, hurried to the scene In an automobile. CaptAln Smith made a talk to the negroes hanging around and urged them to cease violence for their own protection. The police were first on the scene. Frank Turner, who Is suspected of being a member of the negro mob, was caught In a house at 342 Butler street. Twelve policemen surorunded the house and drew him forth. He Is 22 years of age. Several Punished in Police Court Monday Morning. BAPTIST MINISTERS DISCUSS SITUATION Fifty Baptlit ministers mat Monday momlng In the First Baptist church at the regular meeting of the Baptist Min isters' Conference. The situation now existing here waa the chief topic of dlecuaslon, but owing to the tense feeling now those present deemed It wisest not to Issue any state ment at this time or take any pro nounced course. A committee consisting of Dr. W. W. Landrum, pastor of the FlWt Baptist; Dr. John E. White, pastor of the Sec ond Baptist; Rev. John E. Purser, pas tor of Wast End Baptist; pr. J. W. Mil lard, pantor of Ponce DeLeon Baptist. Dr. V. C. Norcroaa, pastor of Western Heights Baptist, and Rev. Samuel Cow an, pastor of Emanuel Baptist, were appointed to Investigate and make a report next Sunday. This committee will make a report on the causes and InAuences of the situa tion now existing In Atlanta, looking toward organization of sentiment among Baptist people to go to the bot tom of the matter.' They will begin work along this line Immediately. WHOLE POLICE FORCE KEPT ON EXTRA DUTY Police Captain John C. Joiner, who Is acting chief of police Monday, an nounced that the whole of the police force will be kept on extra duty os long aa la considered necessary. Chief Henry Jennings remained at his home Monday morning In an effort to get a little rest, he having been on a terrIAc strain since early Saturday night. The police, both ofArers nnd men, are all working extra time, and an In creased force of call ofAcers la being kept on duty at the police station to answer emergency calls. The day watch, under command of Captain Joiner, went on duty Bunday morning at 8 o'clock nnd one-half of the watch remained In service until midnight. The other half went off of duty at 3 o’clock In the afternoon and came back at midnight. These men will be on until noon Monday. The ovenlng watch, under Captain Mayo, went on duty at noon Sunday and remained In service until midnight The morning watch, under Captain Jett, went on at that hour and came off Monday at noon. This arrangement will be continued until all semblance of trouble has been dissipated. By this means, one full watch and half of an other watch la on duty nil the time, The police have rendered splendid service and have offered no complaint at the extra duty Imposed on them. ATTACKED BY HEART FAILURE, AGED LADY FALLS FROM WINDOW \ Special to The fSeorglnn. Valdosta, Oa., Sept. 24.—Mrs. Mitch ell I*angdaie, at Mllltown, fell from a second-story window at her home today and was picked up dead. She was an aged lady and had been In poor health some time. The physician who was called gave It as his opinion that she was attacked by heart failure and was dead before she fell from the win dow. WAN! TO TRANSFER CASE Of H. T New York. Kept. 24.-aifforil W. Hnrt rMjte nml John II. (ilciiwiu. counsel f«*i Harry K. Thnw, the young inllllonulre In ... 'chargml with "the murder of 8tnnfi>nl White, *|»peurei| lief ore Justice Ulftctioff. In the supreme court. DmIiiv, and nioretl the trial l*e transferred from gen eral pi'nmWmin to the Nupreme court. Juntlre ftfpchnff set the hearing of the motion for this afternoon. CARPENTER IS DEAD FROM FALL ON STEPS 8pccl.nl to The Georgian. Thomson, Oa., Sept. 24.—Lewis Hol ley. a carjienter. Is dead, the result of a fall he received Saturday night. He waa descending the steps to a negro restaurant on Railroad street when he became overbalanced and fell to the street below. He died an hour later, never regain ing consciousness. BY Philadelphia. Sept. 24.—Pursuant to the declaration of Thomas W. South, former assistant director of public safety, that the mayor endeavored to use the police In the Interest of the candidacy of Fred J. Shover, for the district attorneyship, a quiet investiga tion has been'Instituted. If these charges can be sustained, Immediate steps are to be taken to Im peach Mayor Weaver. LONG TERM PRISONERS ESCAPE FROM JAIL Hperlnl to The Georgian. Bristol, Tenn., Sept. 24.—Several prisoners escaped from the Jail at Abtngdon. Va„ today, hetng released by a trusty. Among them were John <)rr, of Bristol, convicted or murder, William Whitaker and Porter Hale, each sentenced to a long term In the penitentiary. "This Is the most Important court In Fulton county today. AH the other courts'will have to wait on this one,” was Recorder Nash R. Broyles' rejoind er to a local lawyer Monday morning, who wanted a special case called In order to attend another court When court was called to order every seat In the room was Ailed, nnd a large crowd stood around the ratling. For once the negroes were somewhnt conspicuous by their absence, the large bulk of the crowd being whites. Only a few of the rioting cases were disposed of at the morning session be cause of the absence of a number of the arresting officers. The majority of the cases will be called In the after noon. Enough were disposed of, how ever, to Indicate clearly the attitude of the recorder In the cases to follow. A thirty-day sentence In the stock ade without the privilege of paying a Ane, and a thousand-dollar bond for rioting waa the pace set by the record er on those alleged to be guilty of tak ing an active part In the rioting. — . F. Clements, a young white man. wore a bloody shirt when he faced the recorder. He had been struck a blow across tho hend by Officer J. A. Hollis Saturday night after he hnd first struck the officer. Officers Clark and Starnes stated that Clements was one of the leaders In the mob which was chasing negroes and breaking window lights, and doing other damage around the corner of Pryor and De-' catur streets. When arrested he re sisted and struck Officer Hollis with a heavy stone wrapped In a cloth, so the officers testlffed. The officer was un able to appear In court because of his Injury. Rscorder Lectures. The recorder gave Clements a severs lecture. "Guilty negroes will be prose cuted, but the Innocent ones must be protected,” said he. "Ill give you thirty days without a Ane and bind you over to the superior court under a 39.000 bond for assault with intent to murder and for rioting.” "Well, Pm going to get me a lawyer and see about this,” was the remark of Clements as he was led back to the prisoner's room. “Yes. you’ll need Ave or six. of them before you get out of this,” was the re corder's sharp retort. In the other cases tried the recorder administered a severe lecture to thoee engaged In the rioting, and the follow ing young white men, all of them of good address, were given thirty days without the privilege ot a line, end bound over to the superior court under 31.000 bonds for rioting; W. P. Carter, claims he worked for L. W. Rogers. Officer Hudgins arrest ed him Saturday night on Mitchell street, taking a Winchester rlfto from him. The oAlcer was considerably bruised up by the crowd white trying to take Carter to the patrol box. R. L. Hurst, the young son of a former policeman, was given the same sentence. M. J. Ware, a young dentist, was also given thirty days, and 31,000 bond. Two young men named Polk and Green received a like sentence. Many Concealed Weapons. H. Hinton, 17. E. Callaway and J. W. Webb, young white men of good appearance, were arrested by Officer Rowan. Tho officer produced a large bundle of knucka, knives, pistols, ra il he claimed he found sore, etc., which concealed on their persons. They were each bound over under 3100 bonds for carrying concealed weapons. J. L. Cook, who was with them, had a gun, but It was not concealed, and he waa released. Cleveland Roper, Charles Cowan and Frank Henderson, young boys, hardly out of knee pants, were Aned 329 and costs each, for prowling around on tho streets Sunday night armed with sticks and stones. MOTORMAN STRUCK ON READ BY ROCK W. M. Johnson, a motorman on an Auburn avenue electric car, waa struck on the head by a rock while pawing the corner of Auburn avenue and Fort street Monday afternoon about 1:30 o'clock. He was not seriously Injured and was able to continue on duty. It Is believed that the rock was thrown by a negro concealed In that vicinity. g0O00O0OOOGO0O00OO0O000000 O SITUATION IN HAND, O O BELIEVES GOVERNOR. O O O O Governor Terrell believes that a O the gravest trouble here Is ended, O O and that whatever comes now O O will be sporadic, and with prompt 0 O action on the part of the officials O o and national guard all attempts at 0 o rioting will be quickly suppressed. 0 O It Is hla opinion aiao that tha O O situation la now well In hand, anil O O that with coolnew and clear-head- O O ed action on the part of the best O Q people, no further outbreaks w ill o O occur. o O Practically all reasons for mar- O O tlal law have been removed, and a O the governor has no. Intention of o o declaring It unless there should O O be repetition* of Saturday nigh' » o O disorder. He was busy Monday O O morning conferring with officers a O of the state guard and prominent O O cltlsens of Atlanta. o 00000000000000000000000000