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XIIE CONSTITUTIONALIST. JAMES GARDNER, JR. TER M s . D.iily, per annum, (iL * Tn-Weekly, par annum,. if paid in advance, 3 Weekly, per annum, '_ Ht If paid in advance, • - J 1 new subscriptions must he paid in advance, must be pitid on u.il L/UHunuiiications flflc j I,el f ersuf business. M ESS AGE* I'ROX THE PRESIDENT, Relative to the Prosecution of the War—Or ganization of Volunteers, Revenue, df-c., ; Jn the House of Representatives, on Sa turday', tlie following message was received from the President of the United States : To the Senate and House(f Representatives r>J the United States: Congress by the act of the 13?li May hist, declared, that “by the act of the republic o' ' Mexico, a state of war exists between that government and the United State.'; and “for the purpose of enabling tlie government ot the United States to prosecute said vvarto aspee <ly and successful termination.’’ authority ; was vested in the President to employ tlie | ‘•naval and military forces of the United • {Stales. It has been my unafierable purpose since i the commencement of hostilities hy Mexico, and the declaration of the existence of war ! •by Congress, to prosecute the war in which The country was unavoidably involved with j the utmost energy, with a view to its “speedy and successful termination” by an honorable i peace. Accordingly, all the operations of our naval and military forces have been directed with i this view. While the sword has been held in one hand, and our military movements, | pressed forward into the enemy’s country, | and its coasts invested by our navy, the fen der of an honorable peace has been constant ly presented to Mexico in the other. Hitherto, the overtures of peace which have been made by tin's government have not been accepted by Mexico, With a view to avoid . a protracted wir which hesitancy and delay ! on our part would be so well calculated to | produce, 1 informed you, in my annual mes sage of the Btb December last, that the war would “continue to be prosecuted with vigor ■ as the best means of securing peace,” and re commended to your early and favorable con sideration the measures proposed by the Sec- I relary of War, in his report accompanying • that message. In my message of the 4th January last, \ these and other measures, deemed to be es sential to the “speedy and successful termi- ■ nation” ot the war, and the attainment of a just and honorable peace, were recommended to your early and favorable consideration. The worst state of things which could ex- j Ist in a war with such a power as Mexico, Would be a course of indecision and inactivi- j tv on our part. Being charged by the cun- j etitution and the laws with the conduct of ' the war, I have availed myself of all the means at rny command to prosecute it with energy and vigor. The act “to raise for a limited tinrm an ad ditional military force; and for other pur poses,” and which authorizes tlie raising of ; ten additional regiments to the regular army, to serve during the war, and to be disbanded at its termination, which was presented tome On tlie llih inst, and approved on that day, will constitute an important part ofour mili tary force. These regiments will be raised and moved to the scat of war with the least practicable delay. It will be perceived that this act makes no provision for the organization into brigades and divisions of tlie increased force-which it j authorizes, nor fur tlie appointment of gener- j ill officers to command it. It will be proper i that authority be given by law to make such I organization, and to appoint, by and with the advice and consent of tlie Senate, such num ber of major generals and brigadier generals as the efficiency of the service may demand.— Tne number of officers of these grades now in service are not more than are required for Ineir respective commands; but further legis lative action during your present session will, in my judgment, be required, and to which it is my duty respectfully to invite your alien- j turn, Should the war, contrary to ray earnest de sire, be protracted to the close ol tlie term of service of the volunteers now in Mexico, who engaged for twelve months, an additional vo lunteer force will probably become necessa ry to supply their place. Many of the vol- , miteers now serving in Mexico, it is not doubled would cheerfully engage, at the con clusion of their present term, to serve during the war. They would constitute a more el- | ficieiil force than could be speedily obtained by accepting the services of any new corps | who might offer their services. They would i have the advantage of the experience and dis cipline of a year’s service, and will have be- i come accusloncd to the climate, and be in j less danger than new levies of suffering from the diseases of the country. I recommend, therefore, that authority be given to accept the services of such of the volunteers now in Mexico as the statemf the public service may require, and who may, at the termination ol their present term, volun tarily engage to serve during the war with Mexico, and that provision lie made for corn- j missioning the officers. {Should this mea sure receive the favorable consideration of Congress, it is recommended that a bounty I be granted to them upon their voluntarily ex tending their term ol serv ice. This would not only be due to these gallant men, but it would be economy to the governmeutjhecause, il discharged at the end of the twelve months, the government would be bound to incur a heavy expense in bringing them back to their j homes, and in sending to the seat of war new corps ol Jresh troops to supply their place. By the act ot the thirteenth of May last, I the President was authorized to accept the services ot the volunteers, “in companies, batialions, squadrons and regiments,” but no j provision was made for filling up vacancies j which might occur by death, or discharges ; from the service, on account of sickness or j other casualties. Iu consequence of this omission, many of tlie corps now in service have been much reduced in numbers. Nor " as any provision made for filling vacancies of regimental or company officers who might I die or resign. Information has been received ' at the War Department of the resignation of more than one hundred of these officers.— I bey were appointed by the State authori ties, and no information has been received, j except in a few instances, that their places have been filled, and the efficiency. of tlie service has been impaired from this cause. To remedy these defects, 1 recommend that authority be given to accept the servi ce* of individual volunteers, to fill up the places of such as may die, or become unfit >-■>." rrr~=r. -~a. ** wcxgcur -r-g-r- ■•.a.tr for the service and be discharged, and that provision be also made for filling the places of regimental and company officers who may die nr resign. By such provisions, the vo lunteer corps may bejconstanlly kept full, or may approximate the maximum number au thorized and called into service in tlie first instance. While it is deemed to be our true policy ! lo prosecute the war in the manner indica ted, and thus make the enemy feel ho pres sure an I its evils, 1 shall bo at all times ready, with the authority conferred on rne by the constitution, and with all the means which ; may be placed at ray command by Congress, to conclude a just and honorable peace. Os equal importance with an energetic and ; vigorous prosecution ot the war, are the means required to derfay its expenses,and lo uphold and maintain the public credit. Jn my annual message ol' the Bth Decem ber last, I submitted fur the consideration of Congress the propriety of imposing, as a war j measure, revenue duties on some of tlie ar ticles now embraced in the free list. The principal articles now exempt from efutv, j from which any considerable revenue could be derived, are tea and coffee. A moderate revenue duty on these articles, il is esiima- i led, would produce annually an amount ex ceeding two and a half million of dollars. Though in a period of peace, when ample means could be derived from duties on other articles for tlie support of the government, it may have been deemed proper not to resort lo i a duty on these articles; yet, when the country is engaged in a foreign war, and all ’cur re sources are demanded to meet the unavoidable | increased expenditure in maintaining our ur- ,; mies in the field, no sound reason is perceived why wo should not avail ourselves of the 1 revenues which may be derived from this ; source. The objections which have hereto- 1 fore exhted to the imposition of these duties i were applicable to a slate of peace, w hen they i were out needed. W e arc now. however, engaged in a foreign war. We need money to prosecute it and to I maintain the public honor and, credit. It cati ' not be doubted that tlie patriotic people of the I Unified States would cheerfully, and without ! complaint, submit to the payment of this addi- I tional duty, or any other that may be neces sary to maintain the honor (if the country*- provide for tlie unavoidable expenses of ihe j government, and to uphold the public credit. | It is recommended that anv duties which may ; be imposed on these articles be limited in i their duration to the period of the war. i An additional annual revenue, it isestima- i j fed, ol’ between half a million and a million of j dollars, would be derived from the graduation | and reduction of the price ot such of the pub i lie lands as have been long offered in the ; ! market at the minimum price established by j i the existing laws and have remained unsold. | And, in addition to other reasons commending i the measure lo favorable consideration, it is ' recommended as a financial measure. The i duty suggested on tea and coffee, and the graduation and reduction of the price of the • public lands, would secure an additional an nual revenuelo the treasury of not less than three millions of dollars, and would thereby j prevent the necessity of incurring a public : debt annually to that amount, the interest on which must be paid semi-annually, and ulti mately the debt itself, by a tax on the people • it is a sound policy, and one which has long been approved by the government and people of the United States, never to resort to loans unless in cases of great public emer gency, and then only for the smallest amount which the public necessities will permit. The increased revenues which the me-a-ures : now recommended weld produce, would, j moreover, enable the government (o negotiate | a loan, for any additional sum which may be found to be needed, with more facility, and at i cheaper rates than can be done without them. . Under the injunction of the constitution 1 which makes it my duty “from time to time to give to Congress information cf the state : j of the Union,and to recommend in their con ! sideration such measures” as shall be judged “necessary and expedient,” I respectfully and earnestly invite the action of Congress on the measures herein presented for their con- j sideration. The public good, as well as a sense of my responsibility to our common con stituents, in my judgment, imperiously de mand that 1 should present them fur your en lightened consideration, and invoke favorable j .action upon them before the close of your present session. James K. Folk. Washington, Feb. 13, 1847. [From the Washington Union, 1 2th inst.] The .**cnie in ll«e . fc >cna(f. w e cannot adequately describe the excite ment which has prevailed for the last three days in this city. The Senate chamber has 1 been the great centre of attraction, and the j denouement of the drama has been exhibited in the vote of this evening, which expels the j editors of the Union from their privileged j seats. All the democratic senators have j voted against the infamous resolution, ex- I cept those whose names are inserted below. ! They have united with the federal parly in the {Senate in the miserable, frivolous attempt to attach a moral degradation upon the char acter of the editors of this paper. The bond is sealed, the coalition complete, between these four men and tlie regularly organized opposition to the present administration and ' the great democratic party of the Union. In vain has this administration struggled, and succeeded in carrying out tlie great and fun damental principles of the democracy. It lias done more towards reforming the abases of the government and putting tlie “ship upon the republican tack,” than any other President who has had tlie power to perfect these reforms, since the days of Thomas Jefferson. We boldly and fearlessly pro nounce tlie fact in the face of the world. In vain have we striven our utmost for nearly the two last years, and devoted every energy of mind and body, in co-operating with our friends of the administration in achieving these important purposes. And now, be cause the leader of the little clique, profess ing to belong to the democratic party, has become soured and dissatisfied, he and they have united with the federalists to strike at us, and through us, to strike at the adminis tration; and lo effect that object they have rushed on to strike down the liberty of the press, consecrated as it is by all the strong est principles of the democracy; and embalm ed in the memory of every republican by the protests of Jefferson and of Madison, against tlie prosecution of W in. J)uane, and still more remarkably, against the prosecuting spirit of the sedition law cf old black-cockade federalism. Tell us not that it was this particular | communication of “Vindicator” which has invoked their vengeance upon our devoted head. “Vindicator” might have spoken’in more courtly phrase; but he spoke with an honest zeal for the honor cl his country, jeopard.z?d, as he believed il lo be, by the opposition in the Senate, (consisting of the u?ss«. j-zzjx. Jg t - .sc=sgST."~. ~ —pMMHMgMHrp«afe*axs Federal party and the small balance party of that body.) indicator 5 ’ might have em ployed more courtly and polished phrase— but he virtually spoke llie truth as to the con sequences of their act. IJ e believed the defeat ot the ten regiment bill was calculated to weaken the supplies of the nation in the war i against Mexico, and therefore he spoke of it ; as a Mexican victory', and for speaking the trutii as the virtual consequences of the vote, he denounced that vote, and gave the pretext to the enemies of the Mexican war to strike at us—to strike at the administration—and, : by so doing, to strike down the liberty of the | press. I Ihe federal press persecutes the President without any moderation. It. abuses him in the most virulent manner. It heaps charge upon charge, like Peiion upon upon his | devoted head. 1 here is no punishment for them. They are Iree from all responsibility. And yet the senators must punish every free j press which publishes any communication Criticizing their course. What gives them a 1 higher claim than the President of the Uni -1 ted States? \S e defy them all. and appeal from ambi tious leaders and their supple followers to the j people themselves. They will not desert the cause. What becomes of us is of little account. \\ e arc but atoms in a powerful community of twenty millions of people.— ; \\ e invoke no commiseration upon ourselves. We defy any coalition between tire federal : party and the mongrel party of the Senate to : degrade us, or to injure the administration, j or to stab lire, great constitutional principle i of a Iree press and free discussion. For one, we repeat, we nail our flag to the mast, and under that glorious flag we are prepared to i stand or to fail. i The strong and indignant sentiment of the 1 democratic party Unwed in upon ns this cvc ; ning. We h ave not time to dilate upon ti e subject, but wc content ourselves with laying i before our readers, as a specimen of the rising spirit ot the party, the following extract of a note addressed to us by one of the ablest and most distinguished republicans of this city : “1 cannot withhold my word of approba tion and encouragement, in your controversy with the Senate. In the first place, you did no more than your duty, in letting that body know that it was amenable, through the press, l to the people for its conduct. You will re member 1 advised you to this some weeks ago, and s uggested to you that, at the head j ot a strong democratic journal of this country, you wielded a greater power than any mem i her or clique upon that floor. Perhaps it was more prudent for you to wait unfii pub- I lie opinion, in regard to the course ol Con gress, had more fully developed itself in the j country, That time has now certainly ar- j i rivedqaiul I was rejoiced to see thej.-pirif. of the j people reflected in the columns of the Union. And the attempt to muzzle you will bo re garded everywhere as an attempt to stifle the tree voice of the press. 580 far, you have nobly vindicated it. Your articles have been j lofty, dignified, and patriotic—just such as ! the cause and the occasion demanded. And you will be sustained by the people. You will not only triumph in this controversy ; with the Senate; but the inexperienced gen- ! tlcmen who have permitted themselves to be ; used as the instruments of others, will have : j to endure the mortification of an ignomini- | Otis defeat in public opinion.” We have tune only, at this 1 ite hour in I the night, to subjoin a few more remarks I j whick grew out of tin scenes of this memo rable day. We inform the country, then, that at a late hour this afternoon, the Senate of the United States perpetrated a gross outrage , upon the liberty of the press by the adoption i ol the following resolution: “ Resolved , That the editors of the Union— j a newspaper published in the city of Wash j iugton—having, in a publication contained in a number of that paper dated the 9ih of February, issued and uttered a public libel ; upon the character of this body, they be ex cluded from the privilege of admission to the | floor of the (Senate.” it is our purpose, without delay, to express ! ; at some length our views upon the whole j character cf this proceeding, upon the pur poses which it was designed to accomplish, die pretences alleged to justify it, and the combination of agencies out of which it grew. We shall deem it our duty to hold I the doers of this deed to the whole of their just responsibility before the people. We | shall spare no effort to present to the coun -1 try all the facts, and all the considerations upon which a sound judgment in this case depends. We shall begin the discussion of ths sub ject in our next publication, when our re porters will lay a full copy of the proceed- J ings of this eventful day before our readers. The professing democrats who united with the federal party in perpetrating this dis graceful deed, are the following: A. P. Butleu, John C. Calhoun, James D. Westcotx, and David U. Vulee. The Senate aad Uie Kclinors or the Union. At the request of several subscribers, who are anxious to read the article which caused the expulsion of the Editors of the Washing ton Union from the floor of the Senate, we publish it below. It will be seen it is a com munication whit h appeared in that paper, [ For the Union, j Another Flex Scan Victory. The war now pending between the two great North American republics is raging over a widely extended theatre, amd is waged with a great variety of weapons, and milita ry stores. A great number of leading cham pions are figuring in the arena, and the suc cess is fluctuating. The war rages along the line of operations of our army, and on the eastern and western coasts of Mexico, where our brave soldiers and sailors carry it on, ani where swords, small arms, artillery, balls, shells, and rockets are the weapons and stores. On this part ol the field of operations we have defeated the enemy in every conflict where we measured arms with them. The floor of Congress is another section of the field of conflict. There the cause of Mexico is maintained with zeal and ability; there the supplies of men and money are at tempted to be withheld; there the sympathies of federalism are invoked in their behalf; there the war is branded with every abusive epithet, and the President of our country, who has so successfully vindicated its honor by his pen, and before whose vigorous arm the invading enemy has fled into lus strong- ■ hold, is denounced' as a bloody tyrant and murderer. The halls of Stale legislation also, so far as Massachusetts and North Car. olina are concerned, exhibit similar scenes; there the Mexican cause has triumphed. We confess the disgraceful fact! In l (Senate of the United States, on yesterday* the Mexicans achieved another victory. The bill for organizing ten regi ments'ol regular troops having been submit ted, w ith its amendments, to a committee of conference of the two houses, that committee unanimously agreed on a report which was submitted to them for their approval. The House of Representatives at once adopted the report by a very large majority. In the Senate it was, in its most important feature, rejected by a majority of six. When the result was ascertained, a distinguished sen ator from Georgia exhibited the most marked tokens ot exultation. It is the same senator who urges a withdrawal of our army from the Mexican territory! If Santa Anna, Ampudia, or any other Mexican general could snatch from our sol diers a corresponding \ ictory, we should place them upon the same elevation where their compatriots, friends and fellow-soldiers in the Senate of the United States now stand. As the friends of the United States have, on this occasion, sustained a defeat, and the President been deprived of ten thousand reg ulars, [should earnestly advise him to throw himself into the hands of the people, invoke their love of country, call out the remainder of the volunteers, and inevitable success will attend him. As for the pub'ic will in this country, it points to a war to the knife if necessary, am ple indemnity in the enemy’s territory, and no more namhy pumbtj talk about a desire for peace! We want reparation for the past, and security for the failure—and we will have them. ' VINDICATOR*. [Freni the Washington Union, 15.7 t inst.] ton"rtssio»ai In the Senate, to-day, Mr. Webster sub mitted the following resolutions: That the war now existing with ; Mexico ought not to be prosecuted fur, the acquisition of territory to form new Slates to be added to this Union. Resulted, That it ought tube signified to the government of Mexico, that the govern ment ot the United Hlates does not desire to dismember the republic of Mexico, and is ready to treat with the government of that re public for peace, for liberal adjustment of boundaries, and fur just indemnities due by either government to the citizens of the Other. Mr. W . indicated that it was n it his pur pose to address the (Senate upon the three million bill now pending, but that he would do so npon these resolutions afier the bill was disposed of. The bill to provide for the construction of four steam frigates for the navy, was taken up and passed. The civil and diplomatic ap propriation bill was reported from the Com mittee on Finance, with amendment. Mr. Huntington gave notice that he will call up the naval appropriation bill to-morrow. The special order was taken up at 1 o’clock, and M r. Uagby addressed the (Senate at length in support of the bill, and upon the various topics which had been introduced into the discussions of the past week. When he had concluded. Mr. Badger ob’ained the floor, and the Senate went into executive session, and; after spending seine lime therc -1 in, adjourned. in the House, the three million bill* was I passed, will* tiie Wilmot proviso as the only ; amendment. The vote on the amendment . was as follows; \ CAS—?»les>rs Abbott, John Quincy Adams, j Anderson, Arnold, A-lnnun. Benton, Blan ; chard, Brinkerlioff, Buffington, Willem W. j Campbell, J. 11. Campbell, Carroll, Cathrart, tipi -timer, Collin, Cranston, Culver, Cummins, j tmrragh, Delano, De Mott, Dillingham, Dixon, I Dunlap, IMsall, Ellsworth, John If, Cuing, Far i an. Coot, Foster, Fries, Carvin, Biddings, Good | year,Gordon, Gr.nnell, Grover, Hale, Hamlin, i Hampton, Harper,Henley, Henry, Huge, Cl has B ; Holm-- 1, Hough, John \V. Ji mston, s>aiiiuei U. ( Huhbard, Hu Con, Hungerford, Washington Hunt ! Janies 15 Hunt, Joseph it lug.-rsoll, Jenkins, Jas. H. Johnson, h una-dy, Daniel B King, Preston King, Lawrence. Levin, Lewi--, Maclay, McClel land, -VlCCrate, Joseph J. McDowell, JleQaughey, Mc'ivaitie, Marsh, Miller, Moseley, Moulton, Niven, Non is, IVrrill, Pettit, Pollock, Ramsey, Rathbun, Ripley. Ritter, Julius Rockwell, Juiui A. Rockw eil, Root, Rank, Russell, iSawleiD, Scam | mon, Schenck, Seaman, Severance, Truman Smith, Starkweather, SC-wart, Strohm, Sykes, I Albert Smith, Thomas Smith, C. 15. Smith, B >nj imin Thompson, Janies Thompson, Thurman, Tiiden, Vance, Vinton, Wentworth, Wheaton, W hile, W iliiams, Wilmot, Wiuthrop, Wood, W oodruff, Woodworth, Wright, and Vust —IJ3. NA\S—Messrs. Stephen Adams, Atkinson, Barringer, Bayly, Bediuger, Bell, Biggs, James Black, James A. Black, Bowdon, Bowlin, Boyd, Brockenbrough, Brodhead, Milton Brown, Wm. G. Brown, Burl, John G. Chapman, Augustus A. Chapman, Reuben Chapman, Chase, Chipram, (harke, Cobh. Cocke, Constable, Cottrell, Crozier, Cullom, Cunningham, Daniel, Dargan, Garrett Davis, Dobbsn, Dockery, Douglass, Dromgoole, Elicit, Erduian, Edwin H. Ewing, Ficklin,Gen try, Graham, Grider, Haralson, Harm inson, Hil liard, IsaacE. II lines, Hopkins, George S. Hous ton, Edmund \V. ilubard. Hunter, Charles J. Ingersoll, Joseph Johnson, Andrew Johnson, George \V. Jones, tSeaborn Jones, Kauffman, T. B. King, Leak, La Sere, Ligon, Long, Lumpkin, McClean, McClernand, McDaniel, Jas. McDow ell, McHenry, Mi Kay, John P, Martin, Barclay Martin, Morris, Morse, Newton, Owen, Parrish, Payne, Pendleton, Perry, Pilshury, Reid, Relfe, Rhett, Roberts, (Sawyer, Seddon, Alexan der D. Sims, Leonard H. Sims, Simpson, Stanton, Stephens, St. John,Strong, Thibodeaux, Thomas son, Jacob Thompson, Tibbatts, Toombs, Towns, Tred .vay,Trumbo, Wick. Woodward and Young —lO6. Mr. Brockenhrough attempted the introduc tion of the following preamble and res olutions; which were ruled out of order as not being strictly within the scope of ,“a question of privilege:” Whereas it is understood by the House of Representatives that on Saturday, the thir teenth instant, in the chamber of the Senate of the United (States, in open Senate, a sen ator from the State of Florida used the fol lowing language, to wit: ‘■l warn the democracy of this country, the people ol this country, that they do not know one-twentieth part of tire corruption, the feculent, reeking corruption, in this respect, in this government for years past. 1 tell the people of this country that the government and institutions of this country have been, and will be, used as a machine to plunder them for office beggars, and to perpetuate the possession of political power. I solemnly believe, if the people of the United States knew the manner in which their government was conducted, if they could be all assembled at the city ol Washington, they would be ex cited to kick up a revolution in twenty-four hours, which would tumble the President, heads of departments, both houses of Con gress, democrats and whigs, heels over head into the Potomac; and 1 believe they would act right in so doing.” And whereas silence on the part of this House may seem an acquiescence in the . of the remark, and an indisposition or indill erence to the correction of the evil cm the part of the representatives of the people; and whereas, “no member of either House i can be questioned in any other place for any speech or debate,” and this House, from the , vagueness and want of specification in the charge, possesses no means of vindication or investigation, and whereas this House,speak- j ing only for itself, deems investigation pecu- I harly necessary, as well from the boundless ( generality, and (he excessive, dangerous, j and degrading character of the corruption ; charged, as from the high position and lofty place whence the charge emanates, being made without formal contradiction, in the presence of all the States ot the American Union, and all the great powers of the world, by their representatives: Be it liter of tv e resolved by the House of Re presentatives of the people < J the I ailed States <f America, That a committee of one mem ber from each Siateshall be appointed, whose ; duty it Hiaii be to wait upon the Senate of I the United Slates, at tiie first convenient mo ment when in open session, and deliver to the President of the Senate, for the consideration : of that body, this preamble and these resolu : lions,and to request the Senate, most respect i fully, to take such measures as miy seem best, adapted to procure, as speedily as possi j ble. the most accurate attainable specifica tion of persons, times, places, and circuni l stances intended to be included in the charge, jin the preamble mentioned,so furas the same | relates to the House of Representatives, and, ' further, to request most respectfully that the I Senate will be pleased to communicate the j result of their proceedings upon that subject i to this House at the earliest convenient tune, in such manner as the Senate may deem I most proper, to the end that such proceedings may be laid before the American people tor their information and action, and that ibis : House may adopt such measures as iu own | honor and the interests of the people it re | presents may require. Ba it further resolved, That the committee have leave to perform its duties during the • session of the House, The committee appointed to report upon i the disorderly scene in the House, for giving 1 a report of which Mr. Douglass moved to ex pel our reporter, and which the House re ■ fused to do by a vote of 131 to H, through ■ its chairman, Mr. Douglass, asked, this day, to be discharged, and were discharged ac j cordingly. f Correspondent of the \. (). Dtlta .] Eucumpmoils of lue Troops, &c. —Mtoxi- titloi’iflciilioii over l»ie capture of Jlayh Hfur-guurd—Gen Taylor’s Bear guard, Ac. Tampico, Mexico, Jan. 30th, 1817. Gentlemen. —Yesterday was qu.te a busy I day in Tampico, and every thing in ihe military line wore an active appearance. Besides the numerous wagons that were moving to and fro about the forage and Com missary Departments, the hundreds of Mexi can carts that were hauling the public stores from the wharves, the division of Gen. Pillow moved through the town, on,their march to their new encampment, and taking all things together, it was with great difficulty that either a horseman or pedestrian could make head-way against the moving mass. P was I on the Plaza, when the head of Pi low’s i column were passing it, and 1 do not believe : my anxiety to cross the street caused me to exaggerate, when I estimated the lime of ; their passing at an hour and a half. The Tennessee cavalry were in front, numbering over 700 men, and they seemed to stretch out ; to the length of two miles; then the two regi- I merits of infantry from the same State, and in the rear, the Third Regiment of Illinois Volunteers. The natives were out in large I numbers, and many were the speculations ! as to whether the mounted men were sure enough Rangers -from Texas, or merely Voluntario Cubelleros. The place selected lor tiie encampment of this division is about two miles from the town, on the edge of a i lake, and near to a conspicuous white house, j which can be seen from all parts ol the town. I Gen. Quitman has also moved in from the 10 miles, encampment, and is now about half a mile m the rear of Gen. Twiggs. With these two divisions encamped so near together, on tiie same road, it is perfectly lined with soldiers and officers, going to and coming i from Tampico, from reveille to retreat. Tins : is particularly pleasing and valuable to the I Mexicans who live on the road side, and j there is not a house or shanty to be found, that does not exhibit something in the eating or drinking line for sale. The ardent is pro hibited and the show bottles contain general ly beer, cider and wine, but a sober man can always go into a back place, and obtain aguardiente * muscal and American whiskey. We have some latter news from the city of Mexico, brought by land. The news of the great fight of Col. May. with the rancheros in the pass o Santa Rosa, had been received, and the Chamber of Deputies, had been con vened in extra session to receive the report . of the courier. The received account went i on to state that—2s valiant citizens of the great Republic of Mexico, seeing 150 or 200 Americans, go through the pass, immediate ly resolved that they should never return from | their during adventure, and for this reason assembled themselves in the narrowest part of the defile, and when their cnimigos were I retracing their steps, pounced upon them, i kilted a number—about 30—took 11. prison ers and a large train, and effectually scattered I lire others; and would have iiad the honor of i sending till the command to the Capitol, had j they not made such good time out of tiie passes. A vote of thanks had been tendered j to the rancheros, and 1 believe the liberty of the great city, but I have yet to learn wheth er there was an illumination. 1 have never j been ol the opinion that this adventure in the mountains, when rightly made known, would refl .’ct any great credit on our arui'; but were I not aware of the lying and bombastic character of the?e Mexicans, I could not for a moment believe it to be anything like that report. Col. May, no doubt, thought it pru dent to leave there—in fact he said so in his narrative—but no such insignificant number j as 25 men caused him to do it. [I should have mentioned to you before, the end of tiie court-martial, which was con : vened to investigate the charges against I Lieut. Sturges, and bis acquittal, bad 1 not ! been promised a copy of his defence, hut as j it has failed to come to hand, 1 might as well now say that he came out in flying colors, 1 and stands one hundred per cent, higher in | the estimation of the officers of the army, than he did befoie. He was rather severe on Col. May. and Lieut. Wood, but consider ering the aggravating circumstances that brought him before the court, many excuse him. He said the Colonel had not too great a share of moral courage, and that the Lieu- I tenant could not see what was going on all | the time, as he had acknowledged in hisevi- I deuce, that whilst the fighting was going on, he had taken shelter under un overhanging ; ledge.] There are rumors here that Gen. Taylor’s rear-guard had been attacked near Linrses j and that he had lost a number of wagons and mules, but 1 will not believe it until 1 hear something more, although it is a section of 1 country where an attack of that sort is most likely to be made. Besides the numerous | hiding places about there for Mexican soldiers i and the large suttlemenl9,the Mexicans would i like to trouble old Taylor, for the money 1 transaction in Linares. You may kick a Mexican, and he will probably forget it, but touch his pocket, and lie’ll remember you the longest day he lives. Bigelow, the beef contractor, who was shot by the Mexicans a day or two since, lias been brought into Tampico,and well without a resort to amputation. I learned last night, that an Illinois volunteer was killed on the first days’ march of Quitman’s division, this side of Chicoy. lie had lagged behind the rear-guard, and a parly of lancers rushed upon him, shot and lanced him. He was found during (he day, and at night his company returned and buried him. Gen. Worth with the Bth and 4ii infantry, has been some time on the road to this place, and may be looked for bore in a very short time. W hen lie arrives, all the regular i force, as Scott desired, will be on the sea board. 1 learned last night that L*. Ritchie of the 4th Infantry, was assassinated at Villa Grande, by a Mexican. He was on his way to Victoria, accompanied by a company of Kentucky Cavalry, Gen. Taylor encamped there for the night, and the Lieutenant was sauntering about (he town when it happened. The next morning the General had arrested > O the alcade, but 1 have not learned w hether the perpetrator of the outrage had been ta ken. Chaparral. FRIDAY MORNING, FEB. 19,1847. Re!id' »« Ireland. A meeting for this purpose was (o lie held in Savannah on Wednesday last. The-call is signed by a number of the most respecta ble and influential citizens of that city. I*e:ice with -Uc\ico. The editor of the Philadelphia U. S. Ga i zetto has received a letter, in which the wri ter, now in the city of Mexico, states that the diflerence between Mexico and the United Stales will soon be adjusted. He believes that Mexico needs money more than she does land, and that she will w illingly part ! with California, in order to obtain some equivalent in cash, and she will expect, of course, that the difference between the real value of California, and the money which we pay to her. shall be all the compensation which she can be made liable for, either for I former spoliations, or cost of present war. Tea .TEJilioit* ia Sjiccic Coming. The New York Sun learns from its fur ■ eign correspondents, that over A12,030,000 sterling, or about ten millions of dollars in i specie, w ill be shipped to this country from England before the Ist of May. The pre sent low rale of Exchange makes this move ment profitable. It is said the Bank of Eng land is engaged in it, and will part with that amount of specie to gain the difference of exchange, which is about three per cent., 1 equal to a profit of $300,000 on the sum named. Itxt'iteaiCKt In IVcw Vork. The repeal of lue charter of the Plainfield Bank created intense excitement among the holders of its notes in New Vork, and on Thursday morning. 11th lost., a mob of seve ral thousand surrounded the Agency in that * city—the New York Sun office—which re i fused to redeem the notes. The building i ** j would probably bavejjeen demolished had not the police interfered. The circulation of the j Bank amount to $142,886, while it lias only : SIO,OOO in specie on hand. The New Jer | sey legislature has appointed a Receiver, but i whether the assets will be sufficient to mett , the liabilities, is doubtful. HIT The U. 18. schr. Sarah Churchman, Capt. Baymore, 7 days from Tampico, arriv ed at New (.Means on the 12th inst. ISlie left at Tampico, sclir. \\ illiain Thompson, for New Orleans next day; schr. Louisa,Post, for Brazos St. J ago, in two days. When about 15 miles E. by N. from Tampico, spoke j schr. Harp, from New Vork to Tampico, Dr. Dorris, .Messrs. McKnight and Palmer, and six discharged volunteers, came passen gers on the Sarah Churchman. The Cotton nml Grain t! u krtn, &o. The New Orleans Delta of the 13th inst, says—“ The Cotton market was very active yesterday, and the sales at the close of the i day summed up fully 10,000 bales. The ■ downward tendency of prices has been ar rested, and they have become more settled: Middling and Good Middling may be quoted at 10 a per lb. The Flour market is also steadier. About 8009 barrels were taken for export, mostly at $6 per bbl,, for good shipping brands. Corn continues brisk. The sales yesterday reached 15,000 bushels > nearly all at $1 asl 02£ per bushel. Pro i visions are quiet but prices firm: Prime Lard is held at Bc. per Jb, and even higher. Mess Pork, in small lots, brings sls, and Prime sl3 per bbl. Louisiana. The democrats of New Orleans have elect ed their Senator and Representative, by hand some majorities, and a Representative in the 3d district. In the fifth district there was a tie between Fontenean, (dem.) and Forstall, (whig.) Troamrj This is a singular world we live in, and j all the people in it the whigs are perhaps ! tlie hardest to please. The New York Ex | press (whig) of the 13th inst. says—“ The sub-treasury, just now, is in practical en forcement at the custom-house. Treasury notes are so much above par that none are paid in, and the consequence is that all lie duties paid are in specie.” The correspondent of the Washington ¥ T . ® Union, correctly remarks—“ The Express is hard to please. If the contrary were the case, it would be lamenting over the depre ciation of government credit, and seeing therein all sort of ‘ruin,’ particularly a stumbling-block in the way of the new 7 loan. Everybody can't be pleased in this world of our? } any more than in E:op.’’