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the constitutionalist. J A IVIES GARDNE I!. JR. TER M s . Daily, per annum,.- k 00 Tn-vVerkly, |*r annum, 6 00 If paid m advance,. 5 00 Weekly, per annum, 3 00 If paid iu advance 2 50 * TO CLUBS. W'can particular attention to the following terms of our paper : To Clu'is, remitting $lO in advance. FIVE COPIED are sent. This will put our weekly pa per iu the reach of new subscribers at TWO DOLLARS A YEAR. All new subscriptions must he paid in advance. £5" postage must be paid on all Communications *nd Defers of business. tea. 1 ” [ From the N. O Delta 3d inst. j Butlie of Bucks* Visla. As pvprv tiling relatin'; to tho great bailie nf Buena vTsta is deeply interesting we publish the followin'* letter foin one whj bore a pari in that glorious achieve ment: Saltillo, February *27, 1847. Eds. Defta. —Throw up your caps and B hout—we have‘-fought the good fight,” and won against odds so gfea f , that we can sea reel V realize it ourselves. For some lime past it has been suspect ed that Gen. Santa Anna would take ad vantage of the weak and exposed condition of this army, and attempt to crush it with a lar m force. On the night of the 2()th, our parties fell in with his army, 30 miles from our camp, and as the latter had been j .elected solely with reference to wood and water, Gen. Taylor determined to fall back to a stronger position 11 miles in the rear. , , . . On the afternoon of the 221, (auspicious day!) the enemy’s columns appeared m eight, and Gen. Santa Anna sent a Hag to Gen. T. with a note, stating that he was surrounded by more than 20,000 men, end offering to accept the surrender Gen. T., in order to spare the effusion ol blood. The General at ftrsttold Maj. Bins !o write that he was not in the habit of stir- i rendering to any one, and as for his 20.000 I men, he didn’t care if he had 50,000; but be afterwards sent a note of a somewhat j different tone, declining respectfully to j accede to the proposition, and at it ve went, hammer and tongs. Night put an end to the fight on the22d, without either party- having gained any advantage, the I affairs having been between light troops. On the morning of the 23*!,. the fight i was renewed, and onr people were tudv ! aware that there was a hard day s w'otk before them. The enemy’s force a manned to 24 000 men, with 13 pieces of 10s. 12s. j and 8-., (all larger than anv of ours.) j besides a brigade of horse artillery, while , our armv numbered 4320, ad told, and 13 pieces of artillery. The. enemv directed his efforts to turn our right, which lie succeeded in doing in handsome style, about the middle of the day', with a,column ofahout 5000 men i —threatening the camp and baggage. At this nrfosson-t uLiitgs>* looked desperate far us, and die enemy j had the victory to all appearances. B it the old General would not think so. lie girded up his loins, pitched into them with infantry, cavalry and artillery, cheeked their advance, then made them waver,and finally put them to flight in confusion. They never regained the advantage—both our flauks were protect ed from their enterprises, and about an hour before sunset their firing had nearly ceased. We slept on the field, and in the morning discovered that the whole force of the enemy had decamped in disorder, leaving a larg° number of killed and wounded on the field, who were taken by us. Qur loss has been severe, perhaps 700 men, killed and wounded. But that of the enemy must he far greater. The precision of our artillery fire, (which saved the fight.was incredible. Shot after lyhot would fall into their corps, ca r rying destruction to whole ranks. Go the 25th,after we had had all the ran cheros of the country at work burying their dead, I went over the field to make a plan, and, besides the many scattering bodies in pairs and singly dispersed over the field, I saw three groups, one of eight, one of seven, and one of sixteen! each group having apparently been slain hv a single ball. An officer was lying in the first, and another in the last. The army of Santa Anna became en tirely demoralized after the fight, and he ha. retired on the San Luis road, on which ho advanced. His plan of operations was well project ed—white advancing upon Gen. T. with an army which he confidently believed we could not resist an hour, he threw a corps of 1500 cavalry five miles in out rear, and another nf from 4 to 6000 on i our line between Monterey and Comargn. I These corps arrived in position at the j wine time that lie appeared in our front, j It is said that orders were given to take i no prisoners. Ido not credit it; hut from the ferocity evinced by their cavalry in ‘ putting to death all our wounded whom they passed, I am certain that if we had ! been beaten on the 23d. not a man would ; k»vo reached the Rio Grande. Besides, the whole country, which we have gained at such acewt of blood and treasure, would have been wrested from us in a fortnight. Although w© were the actors, we may be pardoned for saying that our victory has been a glorious one. The battle was 5 fought in the open field by 4320 men, against 24.000, and a greatly superior force of cavalry. Gen. Taylor, God Lies his soul, narrowly escaped. A buli struck, the breat of his buttoned coal, (a very bald one by tlis way.)made five holes, passed through his shirt and under-shirt, without drawing blood. i could relate a thousand acts of gal lantry, but really would be at a loss which to select, if I had the time, which I have not. When we drove back the column that had turned our left flank, two Mexican officers came in to know ichol General Tuylor leanted!'' 1 he old hero replied instantly, that he wished General Santa Anna and his army to surrender at discretion, and would give him half an hour to consider —which was a tolerably cool proposition to come from the commander of 4800 men, to one with 24,000 at his heels. Yours, T. B. L. AUGUSTA. GEO.. FRIDAY MORNING, APRIL 9, 1847. O'No mail received last evening from (Hikes North of Charleston. Hr The communication signed “Publius,” is from an able pen, and is well worth the consideration of every Democrat. We will not occupy our columns at this time with comments of our own on the topics 4 discussed, though prepared to do so, but will defer the task for a few days, to make room fur items of more pressing interest. At this lime, we will merely say that none ran desire the harmony and identity of opin ion of the great Democratic party, more sin cerely than we do. But we cannot be insen sible to the disclosures which the Wilmet Proviso has made as to the fidelity of north ern Democracy to our constitutional rights. ; We feel admonished that the south must re ! ly upon herself and not upon northern De- I mocracy for protection. Whether Mr. Cal houn is to be the Pallinurus to guide us through the storms and the breakers that threatens us, is a minor question. We are ■ not with him in opposing under all circum stances a national convention of the Demo crats. But having serious apprehensions that a Wdmot Proviso candidate would be put upon us by Anti-Slavery delegates, we should advise that the southern delegation, in such a contingency, should withdraw in a I tody, and abjure b th the nominee and the j P art y- Q-ITCoI. Totten (bearer of despatches) and ; Maj. Chase, nf the army, and two naval offi ce 13, all from Vera Cruz, passed through our city yesterday morning, on their way to W ashington. They represent the carnage as dreadful | among the Mexican forces and population of ! Vera Cruz from our batteries. What is to be much lamented, is that the lives of many wo -1 men and children were destroyed. Three days notice had been given the Mexicans for all persons to withdraw except those underarms, j and it was hoped that at least their women and children would have been sent to places of safety. Major Vinton was killed while standing up at his battery by the descent of a shell, which struck him on the side of the head and | parsed down his breast without exploding. |lt wa4 picked *'P> an( l examined. It was w'kh mussel ba!!s!\ * General Scott hajJ already sent forward a portion of his forces towards the City of Mexico, and wouldsoon follow with the main body of bis army, first leaving sufficient gar risons in tbe City of Vera Crdi, a fid the Cas tle. We may therefore expect to hear in a few clays that the banner of the Stripes and Stars floats in triumph over “the Halls of the Montezumas.” Tiic Illumination Last night was grand and beautiful be yond description. Broad-street shone re splendency in a blaze of light. Nothing could exceed the brilliancy of the display. It seemed a work of enchantment, such as f.he Palace-creating lamp of Aladdin could not have surpassed, in responding to his j brightest dreams of splendor. Almost every window,with some exceptions where sickness or tenantless rooms interrupted the line of j lights, was converted into a blaming chande- i O j i lier. The sky above seemed overspread with an effulgence that resembled the lustre of the Aurora Borealis. The street was thronged with a dense mass j of people, passing up and down,admiring the j i gav exhibition. Banners fluttered in the air and transparencies greeted the eye in every | direction. The boomin'* of cannon and the j enlivening strains of martial music, the shouts of the multitude, the fire balls, and sky rock ets and Roman Candles, a'l united to charm the senses and swell into an exulting tide of joy the feelings of our citizens at the late brilliant feats of tbe American arms. The air was mild and delightful, which i tempted the ladies to come out in all the ra i diance of their beauty, to add the potent charm of tiieir bright glances, and sueet : voices to the gay sights and sounds which ■ {. led the senses captive. It was rather l.ke the ; i display of a Carnival than of a ball room, yet might we apply the words of the poet to ' another scene more famous, but not more ; brilliant— I “There wa? a sound of revelry by night, | And Belgium’s capitol had gathered then Her beauty and and bright The lamps shone on fair women and Grave men. A thousan 1 hearts beat happily, and when Mu=jr arose with its voluptuous swell, Soft eves looked love to eyes which spake again, And all went merry as a marriage bell.” We will not attempt a particular descrip tion, where ail was so showy. But we will mention that in addition to the brilliant displays on Broad-street, the City Hall, illu minated on every side, lowered in sp'entor above ilie tender fuilage of its beautiful grove and glittered amidst the surrounding gloom “like a diadem upon the brow of night. We strolled along the crowded pavements and watched with unabated interest the bright spectacle, until each lingering light faded in darkness. And as Ihe night gradually assumed her empire over our city, we recalled to mind the poetic simile which describes the parting day that , *' Dies like the Dolphin, whom each pan" imbues j With a new color as it p.ops iuvay ihe Inst—still loveliest—till—’tisgone—and all is j gray.” , Alter this very tasteful and patriotic dis ; play, the most brilliant but not the only one which the events of this war has occasioned . among us. Augusta may appropriately bo called—The City of illuminations. Another Concert. The accomplished musicians who perform ed, fur the last time, as they fully expected, before an Augusta audience on Wednesday evening, were prevailed upon by a large num ber of the audience present, to give one more concert. We never saw an audience more delighted with an entertainment. They will therefore appear again this evening. See advertisement. • [communicated] Mr. Editor—l consider this a crisis with the democratic party in Georgia. The party is strong, aye, powerful, and all that it re quires to be absolutely and permanently triumphant, is union. • Its principles are its strength, its invincible power, if scrupulous ly adhered to. If we forsake them to run after men, we shall lose the firm support which they ever give to the cause which they sustain. The great standard principle of the democratic party is an adherence to the letter and spirit of the constitution. They regard the constitution as the same unvarv , ing charter—not fluctuating with expedien cy or changing with popular caprice. I think I may safely say, that no adminis tration has sustained more nobly its great principles than that of Mr. Polk. It has given fervor and life to the doctrine of free trade. He has firmly rebuked all efforts to overstep the bounds of the constitution, to look fur objects of unauthorized appropriation, lie has, enforced with great power, and so has his able minister of finance, the necessi ty of the strictest economy in those expendi tures which are warranted by the constitu tion and demanded by the public exigency. In the management of our foreign relations, he has shewn wisdom and patriotism. He has asserted and maintained the rights of i the country and vindicated the honor of the nation. He has answered the expectations of his friends, whilst he lias falsified the j wicked prophecies of his enemies. His poli cy towards Mexico is approved by a large majority of the people. There are but few democrats who would now bo willing to see him recall the army to the Ilia Grande, or even to an arbitrary unsettled boundary } and thus leave on the mind of the Mexican, the conviction that either his climate or his sword, secured him an impunity for ipsult or aggression. It is a matter of sincere regret that I have observed a disposition, on the part of representatives in Congress, who |j ;vc fraternized with the democratic £arty on other subjects, foseptrate from them on this, a measure identified with the honor of the nation and the security of its rights. 1 have said ihai I conceive this to be a crisis with the democratic party. It is tru’y so. But for tint, I would spare my pen (he labour of this feeble effort. I foresee divisions and dissensions. If they come, they will grow out of personal attachments to men, attach ments so strong too, -as to overcome, to st me extent, that devotion to principle, Which i should be held inviolable by every democrat. It should be a rule without an exception, that | no man shall be upheld as the candidate of j the democratic party for the Presidency who ' is not sound, to the core, on every cardinal principle of the democratic party, and who i has not sustained (he measures and policy of i the democratic party. “The tree is to be | known by its fruit. We do not gaiher | grapes of thorns, or figs of thistles.” It i» i not to that some of Mr. Cal ! boon s friends look forward to running him i as an independent candidate. I hope that this project will receive no countenance in Georgia. If it should, democrats who love i principle more than men, should begin to j marshal their forces and buckle on their ar ; mour. It should be resisted to the end. ; There ' s n 0 possibility of Union without a : nomination. The great difficulty is to be the organization of a convention on a plan to harmonize conflicting views. My own opin ion is that we should consider well, before we depart from ancient usages, which have worked beneficially in practice. The peo ' pie are satisfied with the present mode of ! procedure, and there will be danger in adopt infT any plan emanating from an individual aspirant. Mr. Calhoun wishes elections of delegates to bo held by the people in the dif ferent Congressional districts. Another as ! piranl might desire a different plan of elec | tion and organization. If the people con sult the fastidious tastes of aspirants as to • the mode either of selecting delegates or or ganizing a convention, they will surrender a principle of voluntary action by which alone their real wishes can be attained. I find, Mr. Editor, you approve <jf Mr. Calhoun’s plan and pronounce it decidedly preferable. This, I must conclude, you have done, with | ollf a due consideration of its tendency and effect. There are to my mind, irresistible objections to it. It will create a personal rivalry amongst democrats, and engender I feelings of resentment. Any thing but har i mony will grow out of it: democrats will be | set together by the ears. A glorious specta- S de for whigs! Again, wings will vote in | the choice of democratic delegates. There wiji be no preventing it, and in this manner thev will control democratic nominations. I repeat it, we should pause, before we de part from ancient usages. There can be but little fault in a system which has given us such men as Jefferson, Madison, Monroe. Jackson, Van Buren and Polk. Depend on it when a man’s purity and consistency of conduct, his wisdom and ability have given him so strong a hold on the affections of the people as to enti !e him to their support, there will be no danger of juntos and caucuses. Hut here permit me to say, that democratic nominations ought not to be thus character ized, at least in Georgia. Public notice is given and all who choose attend. Delegates are appointed, or nominations directly made. There is neither secrecy nor dictation and the proceeeding is free from the excitement of an election. Besides, Ido not consider it ! a matter of so much importancehave lie name of Mr. Calhoun submitted to a demo cratic convention as a candidate for the Pre sidency, that tiie whole action of the demo cratic party in its organization, should be made to conform to his wishes. His objec tions imply a censure upon the integrity of former plans. The Democratic party has departed from no principle. Mr Polk’s Administration has departed from no principle—nor from the ob vious policy of the country in any of its mea sures, and yet Mr. Calhoun is found in op position except on the Tariff and Sub-Trea sury. His departure has been voluntary. When he voluntarily ret urns, the spirit erf con ciliation will welcome and recieve him. This is all that can he expected. It is all that Democrats will consent to. Mr. Calhoun and his state have been kept aloof from the Democratic party, in its party action ever since his breach with General Jackson. Both have refused to go info Demo cratic nominations except on terms prescribed by themselves. Mr. Calhoun lias opposed the measures of Mr. Polk towards Mexico— measures demanded by the relations between the countries and opposed by the Demo cratic party, He now wishes to recall the troop?. He has given no cordial support to, the war. He did not respond to the call of | the President for men and money for its en- : ergetic prosecution. Instead of vhtii g both, promptly, Congress postponed its action to the tinal moment, leaving our brave men in ! Mexico, in a state of inaction during a long period that they, with sufficient reinforce ments, ought to have been operating against the enemy. The mischiefs of this delay have already been partially and grievously expe rienced. Had the recommendation of the President been seonded by the prompt ac- ; tinn of Congress at the very first week ! of the session, Gen. Taylor might have 1 been sufficient 1 v reinforced to have captured or destroyed the whole Mexican army. Con cress is entitled to no thanks that Gen. Tay* lor and his whole army were not captured and massacred hv the Mexicans. Their own un aided resources of skill and valor secured them. But this i< not the only evil to which our brave men are subjected by the delay.— They are to he thrown into the rainy and sickly season, in a climate fatal to strangers, and in an enemy’s country. 'Hie inhuman and culpable tardiness ofCongress in strength, euing the army, will bring more disasters to the American soldiery, than all tfie contri vances and forces of the enemy with whom they are engaged. Where were the genius and {Slents of Mr. Calhoun amidßiis time of trial and peril to the army? Slumbering in sullen lethargy in the Senate. Such times “try men’s souls.” When the army bill came up fur final action in the Senate, a constitu tional doubt was suddenly sprung on his vigorous mind, unhinged it and reversed for a time his notions of near half a century on the subject. Unfortunately all Mr. Cal- ■ houn’s doubts have operated most unfavora bly to the Democratic cause. The stupendous project of internal im provement, confined to be sure to the Missis sippi and its great tributaries, if carried into effect, will render futile and abortive all the effirts of the Republican party in favor of free trade. It would create necessities fur duties, even on the ad valorem principle that would be acceptable to the most ultra protectionist. To the consumer, I presume, it would make but little difference, whether he is plundered horizontally or perpendicularly , on the ad va lorem principle, or the principle of absolute protection. This measure of Mr. Calhoun is understood to be much disapproved in his own Slate, as unwarranted by the Constitu tion. What I have written. Mr. Editor, has bec n prompted by a sincere desire to harmonize the j Democratic party and produce unity of ac tion. This can be done by adhering to prin ciple alone. The Democratic party has its well defined principles. Those who depart from them, seperate themselves, to that ex tent, from the party. Mr. Calhoun, from the ourity of ids private life and the stupendous ■ power of his mind, has attracted to him much admiration; but *t?re are few, I trust, who will be allured along his gi'ded path, when they reflect that to pursue it they must do it at the sacrifice of their dearest principles.— Mr. Calhoun is a tower of strength to any cause which he advocates. So are Henry Clay and Daniel Webster. They can all give plausible reasons for absurd propositions. For this cause the} are the more dangerous. Had these great minds co-operated, from the time they became known to the public, in sus taining the great principles of the constitu lion, what a structure of concord, prosperity and happiness might they not have reared ! How complete and how durable! It is not because the two last named gentlemen are Daniel Webster and Henry Clay, or that the latter is of the West and the former of the North, that they are not sustained by us. It is because their principles are not identical with ! ours. Identity of principle is the test. Before I conclude, Mr. Editor, will you per mit me to (jive this public expression of the high estimate I place upon the zeal and abili. | tv with which yon have sustained the patri otic administration of Mr. Polk, who has so firmly adhered to tiie principles proclaimed by the convention which nominated him, PUBLIUS. P. S. Mr. Calhoun I perceive, now opposes a nomination and a convention, under any plan of organization. P. [communication.] At a public meeting of the citizens in favor o re-building the L pper Bridge, held at Lamback’s Loni; Room, on the 31st March, 1817, it was Resolved, That a Committee of iliree be ap pointed by lhe Chair, to request of each of the | candidates for the Mayoralty, to inform said com- i inittee, fur the information of the voters of the « ily at the approaching election, whether or not, they, or either of them, if elected, will support or oppose the immediate re-bailding of the Upper Bridge. Under which, Messrs. 11. C. Bryson, L. Hopkins I and S. 11. Oliver, were appointed. They addressed the following note tothecandi- | dates,accompanied hy the resolution : Sir: The undersigned appointed a committee, agreeably to the above resolution, respectfully re- j quest, your attention to the same, and a reply at as early an hour as may he convenient. Respectfully, [Signed by the Committee.] Having received the replies of the gentlemen ad ; dressed, we sent them to the Chairman of the ! meeting, with the following note : i* ’ = P. Stovall, Esq., Chairman,&c. Dear Sir : The undersigned committee to whom was assigned the duty of ascertaining the views of the candidates before the people for the j r office of Mayor, on the subject of re-building the I Upper Bridge, addressed separate notes to t lie gen i tlernen. from whom they have received the follow’- ! ing, which they beg leave to submit, as their re port. Respectfully yours, [Signed hy the Committee ] Subsequently the replies w ere replaced in our ( hands, and we now hand them to yon forpnblica j tion. L. HOPKINS, 11. C. BRYSON, S. 11. OLIVER. AUGUSTA, April 2J, 1817. Gentlemen : I have received your note to-day, communicating a resolution adopted by the meet ing of the citizens in favor of re building the j Upper Bridge, with your request that I will give my i attent'on to the same, and an early reply, I cheerfully comply with your request. I was ! opposed to the re-building of the Upper Bridge, as j proposed to the Council in June last, being per snaded that a Bridge to he fini>hed at a cost of \ , $10,01)0 would seriously endanger I lie lower bridge; I tlie question, however, never reached the Chair, j an I 1 had no opportunity of voting upon it. In ny opinion it is inexpedient to build abridge ' of any kind, nnder existing circumstances. I thus give you gentlemen, distinctly my opinion ! upon lids question; regreting that the teims of the | resolution preclude me from giving the reasons i therefor—which,otherwise, 1 would gladly give. With respect, gentlemen, I am your obedient Servant. LEWIS I). FORD. To L. Hopkins, H. C. Bryson, 6.11. Oliver, Com i millet. I _ ! AUGUSTA, April full. 1817. i Gentlemen: As one of the candidates for ! Mayor, I am asked by you, the organ of a public ! meeting, to say, “whether nr riot, if elected, I i will support or oppose the immediate re-building j of the Upper Bridge.” The wording of the enquiry would seem to limit i my answer to a narrow range, and, 1 presume, was ■ so intended. Whatever might he my opinion of the public expediency of re-building this bridge, at any indefinite future period, I am opposed to its being done immediately. B -fore assigning any reasons for such opposition, which, I presume, the committee expect, I will he allowed to say g< ncr ally, that, if elected Mayor, 1 shall feel the, sphere of my duties expand beyond the narrow limits of any particular section. I shall consider myself the Chief Executive officer of the whole city, and hound to consult, with equal and impartial hand, the interest of every part —believing that what permanently benefits a portion of any communi ty. tends by a reflective action, to spread its pros perity over the whole. And as lam bound by the : i principles of the Republican creed, to he ruled j jhy tlie maj irity, whatever the majority of my fel- | low citizens determine, it will he my duty and pleasure to execute with all the zeal of my nature —content, if my particular opinions shall he over ruled, to acquiesce in the wisdom of the decision against me. I cannot expect the reasons I may assign fir ray own opinion will he universally approved, and 1 am aware of many of the suggestions, by which ; their force is attempted to he parried. Though due weight is given to said suggestions, the substantia , validity of those reasons is not, in my opinion, much weakened. 1 will only state a few of the most obvious and least disputed reasons against the “immediate re-building of the Upper Bridge.” The city is deeply in debt and will require, for some time to come, all her resources to maintain her credit. And we have on hand a great unfin ished public work, on which the city has expended nearly S'2OO.OJO. That work should be completed at least the probable prospect of its successful} ! operation secured, before any other large expendi tures a r e ordered, which if they only substituted one species of city property for another, might still impair her credit and lessen herahility to complete | this great enterprise. Her Rail Road Stock, fo r instance, from its divisibility, could, in any emer gency, he more readily converted into money than ; either of her Bridges. And the successful opera- j tion of this great public work, Is expected to re dound to the special, if not exclusive, benefit of that portion of the city, whose prosperity, it is thong t, has been affected by the destruction of the Bridge. The “immediate re-building of the Upper Bridge” will not surely be urged as a financial measure, as it would cut so poor a figure in tlie budget of the Finance Committee. Became, Ist, it would probably not yield as much income as the Rail Road stock, by the sale of which some pro pose to rebuild it; the receipts of that bridge, du ring the last years of its existence being scarcely sufficient to pay a gate-keeper. And 2ndly—Be cause, though there will he a double outlay of cap ital, (two bridges,) the profit, to the City Treasury is not increased, in as much as what is paid as toll at the upper bridge would he little more than so much substracted from the present receipts of the lower; w hile the expence of management, repairs, &c. would be all doubled. But there is another reason, which cannot be 1 -immediately set aside. I mean the threatened dis ! ficulty with South Carolina. It is more than pro | bable, that we shall not get our charter renewed I for exen the lower bridge without great opposition | and the attempted imposition of conditions subver , sive of the interests and abhorrent to the pride of the city. 1 deem it imprudent, from public consid erations, lobe more particular. Shall we increase our probable trouble, by doubling, at this time, the area of annoyance? Eel us settle one difficulty before we start another. Has the. public forgot ten the history of the upper bridge—how its own ers were annoyed by vexatious law-suits, Ac. ami a charter obstinately refused by South Carolina? It is nearly certain, that she will still refuse a charter. Shall the bridge then rot down w hile the dispute is settling? I spoke of annoyance. I meant nothing disre spectful to South Carolina, whose duty it is to se cure to her citizens their rightful proportion of iho j public trade. None will deny that the main ob ject of the upper bridge is to divert, if possible, i some portion of the trade of our spirited little sis ter on the opposite bank of the river. Will not South Carolina protect her? Is it not her duty to do so? Has she not already exhibited her jealousy of the effect of our Canal, by ordering Bull Sluice to he examined, and the expense estimated of im proving its navigation on the Carolina side? Bull | Sluice had tumbled its angry torrent over the rocks ' for ages, and possibly would have continued to do I so for ages to come, undisturbed and unaltered, if the step of improvement, so near her repose, had not aroused the sleeping energies of our neighbor. I But she is now fully awake to every movement in j tins quarter, and if we are to judge from recent legislation on these subjects, will attempt to thwart our efforts with an ill-natured good-will. To show what even individuals can do in thwarting the promised benefits of the upper bridge, the owner of the land between that bridge and Hamburg told me, within a week, that as soon h< the bridge was begun, he would open a large pub lic road on the hank of the river from the foot of that bridge to Hamburg. He has a perfect right ! to do so, not only as lord of the manor, but in vir { tue of a reservation to that effect by the former owners of the lower bridge, and if his manorial rights should not extend to the future location of the bridge, llie Commissioners of Roads in South Carolina, who have ample power, would, I have ' no doubt, without hesitation, remove such difficul ty. Suppose this done—w hat will he the eonse | qnence? Trade, if free, it is well-known, will ; choose its own markets and deal in the most profi table. You bring traders to the foot of the bridge, within a mile of two rival markets. As it re spects the Carolineans, is it not probable they will consult their ow n market before crossing over to ours? Would not State pride determine the wa vering of interest? As it respects North Carolina, Temie see. Kentucky, <Lc., “Let us first go to Hamburg,” they would say, “we shall there hnvo as good a bridge with as cheap a toll,over w hich, as well as here, we may seek, if necessary, to bet ter our bargains in Augusta.” This is much more probable than that they will lake the opposite cuurs* —cross to Augusta first on tlie upper bridge, and if that market does not answer their expecta tions, be finally compelled to sell at a disadvan tage in Hamburg as their last resort. To allege that they would surely come to the largest market first, is to assert that they would not trade in Ham burg at till, and contradict® all past experience. No, I have never rated the probable benefits of that bridge us highly as many others. The depres j sion of business and lessened value of property in the upper end of the city may be more truly us cribed to the general causes which have operated every w here, than to the destruction of the bridge, i The business of the whol- city has been changed, am! will be farther changed, by the public im provements, and time must elapse bcf«re it can adapt itself to such a revolution. Nothing will restore the. old wagon trade. Many persons are j di-posed to place the purchase and Ireedora of Fu ry's Ferry on a par with the restoration of tho bridge. The great body of trade that would cross the upper bridge would as easily find its way across Fury’s Ferry. The road is nut only shorter by 4or 5 miles, hut vastly better than (he Mar tintuwnfjroad, which is, for nearly half the year, one of the worst roads within my knowledge- Above all, this is certain:— Hamburg would get none of the trade that approached Augusta on that route. j It is acknowledged that much may be said, and paid truly, in faxor of the. restoration of the upper bridge. Many believe that it would add to the. probable business of the upper end of the city. If such opinion should become general, and be indi- I rated by a corresponding instruction to the city government, it will become the duty of the city to rebuild it as soon as her finances will permit, and I particularly so. ns, from the alleged destruction of the, bond of the first purchasers, in which the ori ginal stockholders are said to have stipulated for i its permanent continuance, the city, though she | purchased without that condition, but with in knowledge, lies under something like an obligation to rebuild it. With great respect, I remain Your fellow citizen, j. g. McWhorter. : To L. Hopkins, Harper C. Bryson, IS. H. Oliver, j Committee. ]>ir.(lcuii. The Savannah Institute for Savings has declared a dividend of eight per cent payable on the T2lh ins?. News from ffiurcpe. The Mary 'l', llnnleii, Captain M’Near, arrived at New-York on Saturday last j from Cork, whence site sailed on (lie sth ult. one day af:er the steamer. We may look daily for the arrival of a packet with latter news. At the late adj m rued term of the Snpe j riot C >url in Greene, the two Boons were | sentenced hy Judge Meriwether, the elder to be hung, and the younger to the Peni tentiary for life. India ICubbcr. The growing importance of this article de mands a passing notice. A few years since, it was only usetul for rubbing out the marks of a lead pencil. It was then, through the enterprise o American citizens, manufactured to some ex tent by the natives of Brazil, into over-shoes and j bottles, and became a considerable article of im ! port. The principal supply still coates to us from Brazil, mostly in the form of shoos and butties; and the trade emplo. s unite an amount of ship ping, owmed pi incipaily in New York and bt lem. Mass. The shoes and bottles are now used as a raw material, which being ground by cylind ers heated with steam, and compounded wuh minerals, form a water proof and durable coating for cloth —that can be joined by its own adhesive ness, and manufactured into almost everything. If is then heated to a point far heynd the degree of heat at which native rubber is destroyed. A chemical change is produced, and it assumes a new character, and great additional strength, though still retaining its elasticity and water