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THE CONSTITUTIONALIST. "jAMES GARDNER, JR. T 1 K .11 s . giQ AQ Daily, per annum, - Tri-Weekly, per annum, If paid in advance, •VT II * m •• • • V V/U >\ eekly, per annum, 2 )0 If paid in advance, TO CL V US. We cull particular attention to the following terms of our paper: To Cluhe, remiuin? $lO IN ADVANCE, Fl\ E COPIES are sent. This will put our weekly pa per in the reach of new subscribers at TWO DOLLARS A YEAR. JKJ-AII new subscriptions must be paid in advance. Postage must be paid on ail Cominunicaikns and LePers of business. [From the N. O. Delta ,21lh all.] From tlic Isio tirmulc* We received yesterday, bv liie steamship Telegraph, the Matamoros Flag of the IBdi .inst.fand the Monterey Pioneer of the 12th. We give from them such extracts as we deem of interest to our readers. Gen. Tay lor i 3 still at the Walnut Springs, lie does not comiemplaie leaving there loi some lime no t until he is fully reinforced to cross the country, attack, and, with the certainty of success, take San Luis Polosi, We should not be surprised to hear of the forces under (Jen. Scott reveling in the “Halls of the Montezurnas” without the cooperation of Gen. Taylor. From the Monterey Pioneer, of the 12th, we learn that a fire broke out there on the 9th insl., m the Market-house of the city.— The wood work of the building was consum ed. The tire communicated to the Mexican prison, which was also considerably injured. A number of concealed arms were discov ered, consisting of muskets, hand grenades, fuses, rockets, Sic. A rumor was current at Monterey that Gen. Urrea has returned to that neighbor hood, with four pieces of artillery, and was then somewhere between Comargo and Marin. We believe there was no founda tion in fact for the rumor. The rank and file of the Ist Ohio Regi ment have taken measures to present Maj. L. Giddings with a sword, to cost SSOO, as a token of their respect and thanks. The 2d Regiment of Mississippi Volun teers have arrived at Monterey. They are all armed with rides. Robert White, of Gapt. Bullens company Louisville Legion, lost Ins band by the ex j plosion of one of the rockets, found during V ihe.fire on the morningof the 9th inst. The editor of (he Matamoros Flag has re cently paid a flying or rather a steamboat visit to Comargo. Speaking of it he says: A happier looking people than the Mexi cans on the Rio Grande we never saw, and many of them are becoming enriched by sup plying the steamboats with wood, which is easily obtained, and for which they receive S 3 50 per cord, Comargo we found all life and bustle— apparently more business doing there than here, and merchants looking with confidence to a brighter prospect ahead. Considerable Blocks of merchants’ goods were being sent forward to Monterey, Saltillo, and towns along the line protected by our troops, and the trade between our merchants and the Mexicans bids fair to open again with new life and activity. In our paper of Sat urday morning we al luded to the following assassination. The Matamoros Flag, from which we copy, gives more fully the particulars. It says: A private in one of the companies of the 2 J Mississippi Regiment, named Carson, form erly a member of the Mississippi Legislature, who had lagged behind the regiment on the march up, between Carnargo and Mier, was waylaid by two Mexicans and inhumanly butchered. His mutilated body was discov- 1 ered in the chaparral a few feet from the road, by Capt. Jack Everitt and Mr. John Hays, i who were journeying up to Mier—the warm blood was yet trickling from him, which in duced them to think his assassins were still near; and they commenced a search in the thicket and came in sight of the two .Mexi cans, not more than two hundred yards from where the murdered man lay. Chase was given, and they were soon overtaken, and their guilt sufficiently proved by their ulood stained hands and garments, and the proper ty of the murdered man found upon their per sons. The first impulse was to kill them upon the spot, but reflection induced their be ing taken forward and turned over to Col. Davis, who, with his regiment was not many miles in advance. The assassins, we learn, were shot. Shameful. —Persons recently arrived from ; Monterey inform us that, in coming down, they beheld strewn along the roadside, where had been massacred the teamsters who fell j into tlrs hands of Urrea’s assassins in the at- i tack on the wagon train, the decayed and mu- , tilated remains of upwards of fifty of these i unfortunate men. Where they fell, there dill they are suffered to remain—their flesh made the food of vultures and wolves, and their bones scattered about by these beasts tnd birds of prey. Train after train lias pass- | cd them by, with no more notice than a pass 1 ing commentary upon their sad fate—none* have stepped forth to give them burial. Hu manity sickens at man’s indifference toman. It was rumored at Matamoros that the Massachusetts Volunteers were about to be relieved by the 2d Ohio Regiment, and that the former would start for Monterey in two weeks. Henry Aldrich was arrested at Palo Alto an the 17th ult., by order of Col. Cushing, j charged with having murderously assaulted ft Mexican named Serbantes. He was taken to tlie guard-house, where he awaits his trial. Serbantes is in the Hospital. Fiendish Murder. —Father Ray, says the j Flag, so long and favorably known as a Chap- j lain in the array, was recently killed by a j party of Lancers on the road between Ca margo and Monterey. What ignorance, com- j bined with fanaticism will do, may be judged by the butchering of this faithful old minister j of peace. True to his div ine calling, he for- 1 ftook friends and home to make easy the couch of the dying soldier—he came with design of harm to neither Mexican or Ame ricas, and was arrested in his divine vocation by those who choose the same mode of wor ehippingJthe Almighty. Strange infatuation I The Ist Mississippi Regiment (“Gen. Tay lor 1 * Own, 11 as it is sij’led,) forms what may be considered bis body guard, and are with him at the VValcut Springs, near Monterey. In and around Monterey are ilie Kentucky Cavalry, 2d aud 3d Ohio Regiments, 3d In <liana, six companies of Virginians, and a few companies of Texan Rangers. Six compa nies of Virginians are occupying China aud Cadareyta, which places are being fortified. 'A* 2d Ohio Regiment is by this time, on its way lo Carnargo, its term of ser- 1 vice is nearly up, and the buys are homeward j bound. Five companies of Kentucky Caval ry were in a few days ago, but were to return to Monterey as an escort to a train. This regiment has, also, but a brief time to remain in service, and will soon be j returning. * 1 [From the A, O. Della, 28 ih, inst.~\ From Texas. The steamer Florida, Capt. Butler, ar- j rived yesterday from Texas, She brings ! j Galve.ston papers to the 21st. The fol- : J lowing is the only item of news we find, ; it is in relation to the new German colony. Nlw Braunfels, Comal Co., March 25. j “Baron von Meusebach lias made a j very important expedition to the Llano j ! and San Saha rivers, accompanied with j Maj. Neighbors and others, whence they j had arrived within the last few days. This ! expedition resulted in having ma le peace- 1 ful relations with the Camanche Indians, i thereby enabling the German Emigration ; Company to proceed colonizing that part j of the country, and already some survey- j ors have commenced to survey the lands, j '['he .settlement al Fredericksburg, on the ! Pieclernales, is successfully progressing; there are already several stores, and the ; Camanche Indians and ether tribes have I : frequently visited ihe town for the purpose i of trading. The people have enjoyed i perfect tranquility, and no acts of hostility have yet been committed by the Indians. ; Here there is much more industry dis | played this season than in former ones j towards the cultivation of the ground—a i favorable omen. Everywhere around ! are to be seen enclosed and well ploughed j fields; and we want only some rains lo ! give assurance of a return for our labors, | and to cheer us again with the verdancy of spring. The season is extremely late, and rain is much needed, there having been scarcely a shower for several ; months. “W. 11, Meriwether, a most enterprising gentleman from Virgina, with a large force of negroes, has- settled upon a fine piece of land, upon the admired stream of the ‘Comal Springs/ and has already made extensive improvements. lie has ' cultivated a field of wheat, which is , already above the ground, and promises, j so far, complete success. lie is now con i structing mills upon the Comal, and will . shortly have asavv-mill and grist mill in ; operation. • ‘The settlements around are numerous and increasing rapidly; say, on the Cibolo, , Santa Clare, York’s Creek and Gauda loupe, where but a year ago none were 1 to be found. Arrival of the Sarah Sands. TWO DAYS LATER FROM EUROPE, The steamer tsurah Sands, Capt. Thompson, arrived last evening from Liverpool, whence she sailed on tlie 6ih insf She bering 45 cabin passengers, 123 second cabin do., and a con siderable amount of specie. The news is of no great importance. The grain and cotton markets remained as by last advices. Ur. Murphy, the Roman Catholic Bishop of Cork, died on the Ist inst. He owned a j library of 200,000 volumes. I The London Observer of Sunday, the 4:h inst., states that the returns of the Quarter’s | Revenue (winch were to be made up the j : previous night) will show a considerable in crease under the heads of Custom and Excise; , an improvement under the head ot tramps, : ■ and an undiminished Revenue Irom the Pro : perty and Income Tax, Ireland. —Emigration from all parts of 1 the country proceeds at a rapid pace. The Quays ot of Dublin resemble the bailing place of an Eastern caravan. Crowds ot emigrants, with their separate allotments of luggage, stud every availaule spot. Rear-Admiral Pigot, in command on the | Cork station, has written lolbe Cork Harbor I Board to the effect that the Lords ot the ' Treasury have received a communication i from the U. IS. government declaring its in tention lo despatch a sloop of war lo Ireland with a cargo of provisions, supplied by Boston and the State ot Massachusetts. The Cork Constitution gives a dismal ac- | count of the devastations committed by lever; the victims to the contagion tilling the grave yards to overflowing. Printing by the Electric Telegraph.— ; We were invited on Satuiday to a private : view of Mr, Brett’s system of printing by the 1 electric telegraph. The mode ol operation j is very simple, consisting merely of a row of | keys similar to those of a piano forte, t marked with the letters of the alphabet, at 1 oneextrem.ty of the line, and at the other a printing machine which a slight electric power is sufficient to regulate, and which, * without limit ot distance, prints the letter at the same instant that the corresponding key | is pressed dow n. i Spain.—Queen Isabella has at length emancipated herself by dismissing the Min istry which enslaved her. At Die head of the Ministry is M. Pacheco. Emigration.— Upwards of GOOD German emigrants have, within the last fortnight, , passed through Cologne, on their way to Bremen, Havre and Antwerp, where they will take their departure lor America. The J greater part of them seemed to bo rather well off. The town of Menden was lately so full of emigrants that it resembled the camp of a wandering tribe; the streets were literally crammed with baggage, and the people wail ing lor the steamers, it is calculated that i 120,009 Germans will emigrate tiiis year. __ By .llagncik Telegraph. [Correspondence of the Jiullimore Sun.] i\ew Vork, April 30, 5 P. M. The news by the steamer Sarah Sands : was not fully digested until noon to-day, and j consequently but few operations have taken ! place. 'Plie feeling in the flour market was not fully developed. There was a sale of 500 barrels Genesee brands, on the spot, at §7 75; some few- light sales were made under these figures on Thursday afternoon. Southern flour was dull at $7 50, with rather a down ward tendency. Corn continues firm, with moderate sale. There have been sales of about 20,000 bushels Western and Southern yellow at 94 a 97 cents per bushel. There were also sales of while and mixed at 92 a 93 cents per bushel. Since the receipt of the news cotton has been rather dull and inactive, and the ten dency was rather downwards. Sterling exchanges are steady. L j Philadelphia, April 20, 6 P. M. The news by the steamer has caused hold- I ers of breadstuffs to be more firm. I learn from Pittsburg that Frederick Rei del, who was to have been executed to day for murder, committed suicide last nigbt ; i in prison. He first severed the artery of his j l left arm with the a sharp nail, and then hung 1 ! himself with a rope made of h>s bed cloths. | He left a letter stating bis determination to | commit suicide, and avowing his innocence, i The two men who murded an inoffensive ! black man on Wednesday, in this city, are i said to have been arre.-ted. F. AUGUSTA. GEO.. TU ESDAY MORNING, MAY 4, 18-17. £s"Tbe dust was laid yesterday by a rain which | was still falling when our paper went to press. ; j We presume it has heeu general. It was much ; j needed by the crops. | ttrWe are indebted to Harper &- Broth j ers, through Mr. Richards, for the following ’ new books : Russell’s Juvenile Speaker. Alice Harden; by Joseph Alden, D. D. The Rose of Persia, a novel, 2 vuls., by Sam. Spriug. o*We are much pleased at the opportunr ty of introducing to public attention the very attractive lectures of Hr, Boynton, to be de livered This and To-Morrow Evening.— They are upon subjects of the highest inter est, and have been ot late the world’s won der from the great practical results which j have been accomplished by the Magnetic Telegraph. For the manner in which Dr. Boynton ! illustrates and adorns the subjects of his lec- I 1 lures, we publish the following cards from \ ' gentlemen of high distint ion. We have, in addition seen numerous letters from distin guished sources, using language of warm , encomium of these lectures. They have nftide quite a sensation in other cities and | have been numerously attended. Dr. B >yn ton’s Lectures. —l have great I pleasure in testifying in favor of Dr. Boyn : ton’s Lectures on Magnetism, Magnetro- ; Electricity and their applications. I have lately listened to his course in this place | and unhesitatingly rank him by the side of J the most popular and instructive Lecturer 1 | | have ever heard on these subjects; he is cer- i | tainly not surpassed, in my estimation, by | the best teachers in the Loudon Polytechnic j 1 _ . . J i Institutions. CHARLES UPIIAM SHEPARD, 1 Prof, of Chemistry in Med. Col. of So. Ca. I Charleston, S. C., April 13. 1817. ! CHARLESTON, April 13, 1847. We gladly subscribe to the above well de j served enlogy of Prof. Shepard, and bear the ( j most unequivocal testimony to the ability > and success of Dr. Boynton as a Lecturer. j ; In fluency, facility and felicity of expres- ; | sion—in the uniform flow of language at j once precise, clear harmonious and agreeable : —in The intelligent selection and most inge | nious adaptation of experiments—and in j graceful and unfailing manipulation, he is 1 ! entitled to rank with the highest order of I Lecturers in any department of Practical | Philosophy. We earnestly hope, for the benefit of our fellow-citizens, as well as fur our own high entertainment and instruction,tlial Dr. Boyn ton may be induced to repeat his excellent j and interesting Course before be leaves us. ; J. Bachman. D. D. S. 11. Dickson, M. D. ! S. Gilman, 1). D. Wm. Hume. M.D. P. N. Lynch, D D. F. M. Robertson. M. H. R. Frost, M. D. D. F. Y. Porciier, M. D. A G. Mackey, M. D. o*We sincerely hope that the views of our able correspondent “Publius,” as regards j the position of the Northern democracy on ! the Wilmot proviso, may prove prophetic. ; To that party have the democrats of the ! South been accustomed to look with firm re i liance, for co-operation and sympathy in j maintaining intact enr constitutional rights, i The Southern whigs 100, though they will | ! not confess it, have exhibited a palpable feel j jn 2T of security for those rights while know ; ing that so powerful a parly as the democra i cy of tiie North stood manfully np to resist j | the mischievous designs of the abolitionists, i | It is but recently they have exhibited an j alarm, and the Wilmot Proviso has fur- | nished the occasion of it. It is the intro- j i auction of that porten'ous question in Con- j ! gress, and the support that it Has received j ' from the Northern democrats, which have for j | the first time seriously alarmed them. Un til then, they were wholly undisturbed by j the evident sympathy existing between the j Northern whigs and the abolitionists. These ! had been seen to harmonize ami to combine —to inarch hand in hand to the ballot box, \ in all local elections, and to unite in emu- j ious exertion to defeat their common ene- j mies, the democrats—at home and in Con- | gress. Yet the whigs of the South stood ; undismayed. Why? Because they knew i that while the democrats of the North stood { firm to their principles, the South was in no 1 danger. Therefore, the Southern whigs in Congress proclaimed to iher constituents that all was bade them be of good cheer. But the moment a portion—a large portion of the Northern democracy showed themselves recreant to their acknowledged principles, and united un this Wilmot Pro i-iso with the entire body of the Northern whigs and abolitionists, then the alarm is given. Then they taunt and jeer the South ern democrats about “ their Northern allies''’ — then they proclaim that these are as unrelia ble as Northern whigs and abolitionists, in a crisis like this—that they are as unsound on the question of slavery. So great was the panic among them, tint to stave offthe issu« , we find Judge Berrien in the Senate, and Mr. Stephens in the House, offering resolu tions disclaiming all intention on the part of our government to annex Mexican territory as indemnification for the expenses of the war. This panic is produced by the unex pected position of the Northern democrats on lliis question. Whether this alarm bo well founded, is the subject of discussiuii with ‘•Publius, 55 and lie takes the position that it is wholly uncalled for. We repeal that we hope his views may prove prophetic. W'eaie loth to believe that the democrats, whose political principles and rule of conduct have hitherto boen in accordance with a strict construction of the Federal Compact, w ill swerve from the republican faith—should yield to a fanatical folly,and resolve to interpolate a new feature into that compact. It is clear tiiat die con stitution furnishes no ground for the distinc tion sought to be drawn through our national domain, dividing-it into slave and free terri tory. There is no clause in it, upon which even lalitudinous construction can operate. I 'The Missouri compromise (a most unfortu nate compromise we fear it may prove to the South) made the distinction. But it is 100 evident tiiat an intense dc&ire to confine sla very within its present territorial limits, pre vails in the ranks of all parties at the North. It is equally evident tiiat a portion of the democrats have determined to unite with the unanimous whigs and abolitionists to effect that object. “Publius” thinks that it w ill be a small portion, insufficient for the purpose. He relies upon the main body of the demo crats to defeat it. We confess that our con fidence is not so strong. The passage of the Wilmot proviso through the lower House of Congress two distinct times, most of the Northern democrats voting for it, is an im pressive warning. It is not to their const i lutional scruples that we look for safety. It is not to their sense of moral obligation that we look. The vote was in contraven tion of both. The spirit of the Missouri 1 compromise should have forbid it. But lfie j South has been taught the folly of relying j upon the North to regard such obligations. ; She grossly violated in 1842, the tariff com promise, afier she had enjoyed all the bene fi s to be derived from it; disregarded it the I moment it became no longer beneficial to her to regard it. So she has equally exhibited a \ determination to disregard the Missouri coin* 1 promise. She is in hot haste to manifest tiis determination. She lias not the decern i cy to wait till the new territory becomes ours, but greedily appropriates it all to her self in advance. The South ie scornfully told that she is unworthy to have any part ; 0 f —(he South is so told, v. ho?e b'oed and treasure have so largely contributed to win | these fair and broad lands. We confess that } the resolutions of seven of the non-slavehold ing State legislatures approving and adopt, ing the principles of the Wilmot proviso look very l.ttle like a due regard to the rights of the South, and the compromises of the con i stitution. We find many democratic mem | bors uniting with the whigs and abolitionists in these votes. On the other hand, we have not seen in 1 any sing'e instance, a leading press, or a leading politician at the North taking the bold stand that the South is equally entitled with | the North to occupy and enjoy national terri j lory acquired by conquest or purchase, and i to carry her institutions into them. Until some such proof of justice and fairness is given, we shall look nearer home for the protection of Southern rights. The North— the entire North is in favor of territorial ac quisition. The opposition to the policy is ' feeble there, as it is in the Sou’h. But ther-* is no party at the North in favor of an equal divisi >n. Even the sterling democrats oi New Hampshire have not so avowed them selves. We repeat therefore, that we look nearer home for the vindication of our rights. The entire South must stand united on this i question, and demand of the confederate States of tiie Union that herself and her in stitutions to be treated as their equals in every particular of social and moral worth political privileges. From considera | tions independent of and above all party view’s, w’e regret so w idea diversity between the opinions of Southern whigs and demo crats in reference to the war. and Ihe rcsulls that are to accrue from it. For these con siderations, we have regretted to see such rancorous and bitter hostility to the present administration prevailing among Southern whigs, and which their party presses foment with such untiring and unscrupulous zeal. That administration is eminently Southern in its views, its policy and its sympathies— as much so at least as is compatible with a due sense of constitutional obligation. It is in fact Southern, because if has regard to a strict and literal construction of that instru ment. This is the great safeguard of the South. Upon all questions of territorial ac quisition, the present administration will be with the SiMh—with it because the consti tution, justice and right are with the South. The time is surely approaching when whigs and democrats at th«r South must unite against a common enemy. In that Union alone will be safety and strength. That enemy is anti-slavery fanaticism, and jit numbers among its subjects at the North de mocrats as well as whigs. With them the question of slavery is as declared by Mr. C. J. Ingersoll in debate, not a matter of rea soning, but a sentiment. On this point the last Southern Quarterly Review, in an arti cle entitled ‘Tiie Wilmot Proviso, 55 makes the following remarks. With them, Campbell’s “Pleasures of Hope 55 and Mongomery'jj “West Indian, 55 are substituted for the Federalist and the Constitution. Sentiment makes the law and the right. Although obtaining more benefits from negro-slavery, through the agency ot the General Government, than the South itself, lliis only quickens their lender sentiment; for it gives them the luxurious ottoman on which they lounge, in the golden light of silken curtains, to read and tell ot the fancied horrors ot slavery. At prcsen’, no Cloud ot fear dims the rays of this sentiment, with its glorious prospect of emancipation through out the broad and tortile South. Put her down in Congress; hem her in, in the terri tones, and “kindle the fires of liberty so hot around her, that the shackles shall melt, and drop from her slaves.” There ks no fear ot themselves —but instead of making millions happy, they may only bring to millions mis ery and slaughter. There is no fear ot the South. “You submitted to tli£ repeal ul the 31st Rule,” said Mr. Rathbun, from New York, in the late debate, “and you will sub mit again.” So far from fearing, they revile aud (aunt the South, wnilsl they trample on her rights. Her people are oppressors, imbe ciles and cowards—her religion, hypocrisy — her institutions, a curse. So in wrapt secur ity, Northern sentiment stretches its arm over the government of the United Slates, 1 and commands our inferiority and subm.s- i sum. If the South succeed in obtaining her rights, it will be bv presenting an unbroken front. It will be by showing to the Union that she relies upon herself—she plants her- ! self upon the constitution —that she knows her rights under that instrument, ‘‘and know ing, dare maintain them,” that the Union is only valuable to her as respecting and pro tecting those rights —and that it cannot be preserved one single day after a deliberate 1 violation of those rights by the adoption of such a principle as (he H ilmol P aviso. ' The Union cannot and ought nut to survive , such a violation. We copy from the National Intelligencer the following letter, which is a sufficient re ply to the gross misstatements recently pub lished in the Delta, and extensively copied, in regard to Mr. Atocha. It turns out, after ! ; all, that he was simply bearer of despatches ! I from this government, and acted in nodiplo j matic capacity whatever. I Gentlemen: My attention was attracted by an article published in the National I Intelligencer of the 23d instant, copied I from the New Orleans Delta, entitled | ‘-The Aloclia and Yucatan Follies.” 1 ! beg leave to be allowed a few remarks I upon its contents concerning Mr. Atocha. I The answer to said article, made in this i morning’s Intelligencer, has fully ex- J I plained Mr. Atocba’s position with regard to the despatches entrusted to his care by our Government. It remains therefore to bring the other statements to a proper standard of truth, and it is merely with a view to vindicate truth that 1 request you to give publication to these few lines. Mr. At rcha’s position in New Orleans from 1830 to 1838, during which lapse of time I had a daily intercourse with him, was the position of an honest and indus trious citizen, engaged in the brokerage business, which has been the foundation of respectability to so rnanv of our most aristocra'ical furnilits. Co mected by marriage, in 1833, with one of the mos! respectable families of Louisiana, Mr. Atocha has always commanded, by bis private conduct and his capacity for mer cantile pursuits, the esteem and respect of his fellow.citigens. Me was never “an bumble member of the night-watch in the First Municipality;” and I anj confident that all those who have known Mr, Atocha will look upon the story, as it ought to he viewed, as a ridiculous fabrication and a perfect humbug. Should even this state merit be true, under the blessings of our republican institutions we daily witness s rnilar eleva’ions, and very often from ranks of society still less conspicous than the one occupied by an honorable guard ian of the public peace and safety. I am not prompted by personal motives ■n making this exposition of facts,my social nosition and independence of character Macing me entirely above such consider ation. I have received no favor from Mr. Atocha. nor do I expect or wish for any from him or any oilier person. A. DC VADRISCOURT. Beer's Temperance Hole?, Washington, April 24, 1847. I>rath of Gen. Dromgoole. The Baltimore Patriot of the 30th ult. says. “We learn by telegraph from Washington, that Gen. Dromgoole, member elect to Con gress from the Second District of Virginia, died at his residence yesterday, after several weeks of severe illness.” Large Clearance*. There were cleared from New Orleans on the 26th u1t.—8796 bales Colton, 3941 sacks Wheat, 13,960 sacks Corn, and 41,155 bids Flour, nearly the whole of which is for France and England. The latter item is “hard to / beat” as the work of a single day. The Weather. A correspondent writting from one of the middle Districts, gives the following account of the weather: Our planters are beginning to grumble about the dry weather. They are threat ened with a drought, and those who have not enjoyed the pleasure of seeing their Cotton and Potatoes coming out of the ground, begin to apprehend that, without an early rain, they will hardly show themselves. Another consequence of the dry weather is the rapid spread of fires. Carelessness, and the barbarous habit still continued in spite of penalty and philosophy, of burning the woods, has caused the most extensive conflagrations in some of the middle districts, destroying the vegetable matter, and consuming and threatening fences. The crops are left to themselves in numerous quarters, the hands being all employed in “fighting the fire.” —Charleston Patriot, [for the constitutionalist ] Mr. Editor—Absence from home, and in disposition have prevented me, until now, from calling your attention to a tew errors in my communication as published in the Con stitutionalist of the lOih ult. In speaking of the administration of Mr. Polk, I am made to say, “It has given fervor and life, &c.,” it should read “It has given form and lile to the doctrine of free trade.” Again, I find this sentence, “Mr. Calhoun and his Slate have been kept aloof from the democratic par ty, in its party action, over since his breach with General Jackson.” The word “been” should be omitted. This sentence also oc curs in the printed number, “Mr. Calhoun bus opposed the measures of Mr, Polk to wards Mexico—measures demanded by tho relations between the countries aud opposed by the democratic party.” This latter op posed should read approved. If I did not so write, I certainly so intended, for these mea sures have had the cordial approval and sup port of the great democratic party, 'flies® errors may have been my own, for the com munication was hastily written and I pre served no copy. One word in regard to the Wilmot proviso, and the manner in which its advocates should ibe treated. 1 have no hesitation in saying they do not come up to my standard of de mucracy, and so far as they maintain the principles of the proviso they have departed from the democratic faith. 1 remarked that “the great standard principle of the demo -1 cratic party is an adherence to the letter and spirit of the constitution; that, they (the par tv) regard the constitution as the same un varying charter—not fluctuating with exp«- I diency or changing with popular caprice.” { The compromises of the constitution are em braced within its spirit. As by mutual con cessions that noblest work of man was clot bed with authoritative power, so by mn i tual concessions must it be preserved aud I maintained. II the Missouri compromise line will not do, let another be adopted, but i that having been once assented to there will j be less difficulty in maintaining it. Jam not for denouncing the Northern democracy as a body for the folly of the Wilmot proviso. The great body of the democratic party of the North are with the South on this subject. How nobly has that glorious old State, New Hampshire, deported herself in rejecting the alliance of the abolitionists. She has tum bled the notorious Hale overboard, and no ( Southern man could stand up more boldly or speak more independently for Southern right* than did the hardy democrats of the Granits State in celebrating their late victories. The people of the North love the Union—their interest, if nothing else, attaches them to it. Let an inviolable adherence to the harmoniz ing compromises of the constitution be ther* I made a test of true democracy and depend ■ on it, selfish combinations for ambitious ob jects will be utterly demolished. Instead of denouncing the democrats of the North, as a body, for the wickedness or folly of a few, who would count popularity at the expense of principle, let the constituency be enlight ened, and the temporizers w ill fall before the i force and power of truth. Let it be known that there is a difference between the advf • cacy of slavery in the abstract, and the ad vocacy of the right of those States and peo ple where slavery exists, and depend on it, however much they may undermine the in * J i stitution, they will maintain the rights of ! the States and people. The disaffected de* rnocrats of Finns ylvania, were afraid *f the power of the manufacturers on the tariff' question. They could not meet it. A few were bold enough however, to disregard tbs effect on themselves and firmly maintained the doctrine of free trade. The cnnsoquenco is, tlmt the subject has been discussed there, the public mind has been illuminated, the errors of the protectionists exposed, and free trade principles are taking a firm hold on the affections of the people. The liberty loving people of Pennsylvania will be thoroughly free trade in their principles; and the true democracy of the North, however much they may disapprove of the institution of slavery, will regard as sacred, the constitutional rights of those where it exists, as well at the compromises of the constitution, which , will leave open its progress to the unsettled Territory of the Union. The democratic motto should be “The Constitution, the spirit ot the Coustilution r and the compromises of the Constitution.” PUBLIUS. Fire. A fire occurred on {Saturday night last be tween the hours of 10 and 11 o’clock, among a quantity of cotton, piled up several tier I deep, under an open shed, situate on the southern side of Central wharf. The watch man on the w harf, who was attracted to the i spot by the smell of smoke, gave the alarm, and the timely arrival of several of our en gine companies, soon arrested the progress of the fire. This attempt to set fire was • doubiless the act of an incendiary.— Charles• ton Courier, 3d itist. Virginia .Election*. The State has nearly all been heard from, and exhibits the following results: Five whig members of Congress, ma king a clear gain of lour. In the Legislature, the losses and gains to the whigs are as follows: Whig gains. —Louisa, 1; Dindvviddle, I; Gloucester, 1; Elizabeth City &, Warwick, 1; Buckingham, I; Greenbrier, 1; Franklin, 2; Fauquier, 1; Henry, 1; Montgomery, 1; Floyd, 1; Monroe, 1; Giles and Mercer, 1; Patrick, 1; Braxton and Lewis, I—l 6. Whig losses. —Caroline, Senator, I; Cul peper, I, Charlotte, 1; Accomac, 2; Morgan, 1; Harrison,! —7, Showing a nett whig gain of 9 in the Le gislature, or a difference of 18 votes on joint ballot, the democratic majority last year be ing 22, In the House, thus far, the whig* have a majority of 8 votes. MEMBERS OF CONGRESS ELECTED. Democrats. —A. Atkinson G. C. Drws*