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1 THE CtHSTITI TMO\A 1 I Bforivr sr nr.vr f:! m tT TERMS — For the «etni-weckly j'apcr, pi.biintieUj J cvetf Tuesday and Friday mofririjr, ffb pc r artmim i | and for the weekly S 3, all payable in advance. I OT ADVERTISEMENTS arc insert* J weekly f-<r 62 1-2 cents per square; sem -weekly C‘2 1-2 cents tor the first, and 43 3.4 rents for each subsequent insertion, and monthly for £> 1. U'J per square for each insertion. , For yearly advertisements private arrangern* ..ts are So be made. A deduct.on is made on the ailvertiic- I merits of public officers. OT Postage must be paid on letters of btif.r.cs-r. PUBLIC N£LTL\GS. WILKES COUNTY. To the Editors of the Constitutionalist. On tlic 21st of August, the citizens of \V likes Count}', wore invited to a general conference on If the 7th inst. to give u public expression of s -n- j timent touching the larilf, alid the mode of re h dress. About four hundred convened for that purpose. The Court-House was judged insuf ficient to contain them, in cons.-quence of wliich ’4 they rcpairerl to the Methodist Church. Ihe meeting was then organized by the call of Col. | Thomas Woollen to the Chair, and the appoint ed m».-nt of Benjamin I). Sirns as Seer tary. ihe Chair disclosed the object of the meeting in a brief and pertinent address. (On mo ion. the formal appointment of u Cornmil'cc was dispen sed with.) Whereupon Col. Andrew-, present ed a Preamble and R< solu ions whicli he read and submitted, recapitulating briefly the bas:.s of ui the resolutions, and the character of the s ip || port he designed to give them. A subs itute was then offered by Robert A. Toombs, Esq. M which he read. Upon this substitute and the resolu ions which were subsequently adop’ed, S considerable discussion ensued, in whicli she fol lowing gentlemen took part :—Col. Andrews, 11. W. Brewer, Esq. Dr. Jno. 11. Pope an ! Dr. A. 11. Shepherd, in oppos’tion to the subs i;nte and in support of the original resoiu ions. Cupt. T. A. Pasteur, D. Chandler, Robert A. Toombs, and \V. L. Harris, Esqs. in oppositionjl to the original resolutions, and in support oi the substitute. On motion of Daniel Chandler, Esq. he substitute was proposed for adoption by the meeting in lieu of the original. 'J his motion was rejected by a largo majority. The original Preamble and Resolutions wore then taken up by sections, each in their turn expe-j; ricncing more or less opposition, but were suc cessively adopted by corresponding majon ies. Our Representative James M. W nyne, Esq. addressed the meeting with Ins usual ease and perspicuity. The subjects upon w hich the meet ing was deliberating, he disclaimed the | roprie- i ty (on his part) of discussing, but entered at •nee upon an exposition of the tarill ac‘, and a vindication of himself and abs nt friend John Forsyth, for their course in relation to it. Nor was he less eloquent, in defence of the whole! Delegation. The (hanks of the community un due the meeting, for their almost unexampled order and patient attention. The follow ing are the resolutions adopted by the meeting —below, you have the substitute : We, the citizens of Wilkes County, deeply impressed with the importance of expressing our united opinions on tho matters of great mo ment which at this juncture agitate our conn- : try, having convened for that purpose, trust that moderation and firmness shall alike b v man ifest in our deliberations and resolves. While we concede tli.it the Tariff act of 1832 has materially lessened the burthen of which wo complain, yet at the same time, we f el sa tisfied that it will raise a revenue beyond the ne cessary wan s of the government, and will therefore prove an engine of taxation, parties- , larly upon ihe consumers of certain articles, and consequently w 11 be unequal in its opera tion on the good ci izens of those United States : against such an unequal and protective tariff we enter our protest. We believe also, that this Union, bequeathed to us, by our venerated fathers of the Revolu tion, and which has in a few years raised us to : such a proud an 1 enviable stand among the na tions of the earth, would long since have prov en, “ a rope of sand,” if its dissolution could have been effected by the passage of oppressive : i or unconstitutional laws. p We believe that the preservation of the Go- i vernment under which we live is important not i only for our own happiness, but to shew to the I world, that the people cun govern themselves. ] Like other contrivances for the protection of persons and property, the ban I of Rage may in a few years bring it to the dust. Ue, though 1 a small portion of this community, are not yet 1 prepared to give up this ark of safe y, built by I our fathers, and madly plunge into an uncertain ) ocean of anarchy and confusion, to seek some j frail barque on which to commit the fortunes of ; ourselves, our families and fri. nds. < Be it therefore resolved, That w-e believe the t Tariff as modified by the late Congress, though t a considerable melioration of our burthens, is < contrary- to the spirit and intention ol the const!- < tution —unequal in its operations, on the differ- 1 ent interests of our country, and oppressive on 1 the south. Therefore we will by all constitu- ( tional and peaceable means in our power, con- ; tinue to oppose it, until it shall be brought down I to the revenue standard. ‘ Second , That wo believe nullification to be 1 the forerunner of disunion, and disunion the i death of our country's glory, and the birth of our * country’s wo. We are therefore opposed to 1 its adoption, as a remedy for the evils ol the c Tariff. t Third, We are not yet prepared to adopt any j measure in relation to the Tariff, that we be I.eve t will end in a dissolution of our I nion, and more : particularly do we oppose a separation by our I state, without a concurrence of the rest of the { south, who arc equal with us in the sufferings of t which we complain. ( Fourth, We believe that our Sena-or and Re presentative Messrs. Forsyth and Wayne, ac’ed c the part of wise and prudent agents in acccpdng, i the lesser of two evils, as evinced by their vote i on the lute Tariff Bill. 1 Fifth, We view a convention of the people of c this state, at the present time, impolitic -.first. i because there is too much s range fire in ihe ji land ; and, secondly, the one contemplated at s Milledgeville on the second Monday in Novtm- ' ber next, affords too little time for due delibera- \ tion on the part of the people. Butjflhe gene- (' ul prevalence of a contrary opinion should ren- i der it proper for us to concur in the election of 1 delegates, be it so. In that event, this coun’y < reserves to herself the right of having their act- ( ings and doings returned to the people for their acceptance or rejection. t Sixth, Resolved, That our confidence in the c ‘.Administration of our Government by Andrew f • Jackson, in all the purity of the constitution, is c ondiminished. It is even increased by the frank i and open declaration of his principles in his veto I of the Bunk Bill, and with such a paper before s us, we would Willingly leave the adjustment of < &€ Tftriff and every other constitutional q-ies- t jtion, unit! the presidential election is over ; be ilieving that should he be re-elected, all ours 1 difficulties will soon be settled on jus* principles; and should he no*, it will then be time enough ,to take the settlement of them into our own bauds. Seventh. Lost some should mistake our opin ions, and suppose that in estimating (ho value of the Union we have loe’ sight of ihe rights of the s ales. liesof-r l, That while we oppose Nullification as a remedy for the Tariff, we would publish to our fellow-citiz -ns. hat Ih< -a in dividually retain all their original and inherent rivh’s. except such ns they ceded in the forma tion oflh • Constitution of he I . St»t« s; that in the exercise of those righ s. they should a•- knovib duo j**-ref»tri€ l ive powe r w, hotu T:- own limbs. and that while wv hope ic. dom, justice and moderation, u If cv«-r regulating their corns they show! . u ' fbr anv power, even that of ihe Ln to . s. to interfere in the exercise of th a-, r-.g • i. , - nullify tiicir ac’s. j Kif!hilt. Rrsolved, Tha* the f - amble and Resolutions be si , r i;< man and Secretary', and that t in the Washington News (A* ' v-.- vertiser. THOMAS WOOTTEN, Chairmen. Benjamin D. S-ms, S Substitute ofrred 'y A 'To n’.s. V* heceas the sever .1 • ?-• t C? a:r -'s -f, the United Slat s, I. yi » f .* ' - hnports i : ••- tt.e prolrt tion of JJo/.: .. ” : - : are in the opinion of this in* el nu. I, oppressive, unconstitu ion.al, an 1 in.-o.: .■ And whereas, the Legi.s Cure of our late, from the year 182-3 to the pu s n dm . have, by solemn Resolutions declared, the arts aforesaid to be thus dcstrue ive of our inter st. and violative j of the constituti-m, uhicii deek.rations h-ve been approve d with singular u.ia-u m.ty, by ’he; citizens of our state. And vrher s, he peo ple of the sate through he Legislature have solemnly declared, that uc would not suhm: to 1 a system so unjust, un qua!, opj»ross;ve and 1111.. cons'itutional any longer than the period of ihe extinction of the public debt of the U. States, And Wlu reas, our said declaru ions and re mon trances thus made, have been disregarded hv Congress, and cur sufferings mocked by our oppressors and a large and respectable number of our f llow-ci i/.ens, in different par's of our state have invited us to meet them in conven tion, to consider our mutual wrongs, and to de-: | vise some mode and measure of redress. And whereas, wc consider unanimity o! sen timent an object much to lx* desired, in the- pre sent excited state of the public mind, an 1 be lieve that the contemplated convent on will be a mean most likely to produce such an end. 1. Be it therefore Resolved, That we theci - izens of Wilkes county, do approve of a State- Convention, having for object lie considera tion of our Tariff grievance, and the mo le and measure of redr-ss tig ■hem. I 2. Resolved, That it is expedient and pro per that the result of the dcliberadons of said | convention be submitted to the people of the several counties in this state for their ratilicu ition or rejection. 3. Resolved, That on the first Monday in Oc tober next, the people of Wilkes County elect throe Delegates to represent its citizens in said convention. 4. Resolved, That our confidence in the- in tegritv and firmness of our chief magistrate,; n , *—* . ; Andrew Jackson, remains unimpaired, and at this important crisis we look forward to his re election with increased solicitude. FRANKLIN COUNTY. Agreeably to previous notice, the Citizens ot! Franklin Countv, to the number of 6 or 700 hundred, assembled at the Court-House, on | I Mond y tlie 3 I ins ant, to discuss the proprie-y of I electing D,-legates to he contemplated Con veil- ! tion, to reduce the number of Members in the jSt ate Legisla’ure. The Meeting was organised by calling Gen. Thos. F. Anderson :o the Chair, and appointing Daniel Bush, Esq. Secretary, 'i'he Meeting having fully acted upon the sub ject for which it had been assembled, the follow-1 ing preamble and resoiu ions were offered by Major John R. Stanford, and after an animated debate, in which .Major Stanford, Col. Jas. C. Terrell and Samuel Shannon, Esq. advocaed,! and Capt. William Hammond and Garret .; Sandige, Esq. and Mr. James 'ikoe opposed their adoption: the question was taken and Ik-Pre amble vSc Resoiu ions adop ed almost unanimous ly, not more than 20 voices being raised in op position. PREAMBLE AND RESOLUTIONS. The people of Franklin Coun’y having con vened for the purpose of taking into cons? U tion then -cessi y o.’rc hieing he numbt-i o hr. -m --bers in the sta'e Legislature, and .hr v: ; cone through with the avowed pu-pose o*’ ? . -e: seinblage, and having always die us • s rongj and ardent attachment for our K u " n furinj of Government, and free inst; u < - .! ■ • rig taught to believe that the pr >■- -• en.; • j tinuance of ihcs ; depends m in - 1 ■• ; n j of the States : That a govt i- :2‘ excited the admira ion ■ -a r. V--. v-.-uly won the respect of die civ ! - ■ , demands; from die hands of cv rr ;*• . o ordinary i exer ions -o pres rvc i e:'i:v, and n ns original! and constitutional pe * ih.ai •• lit cost ofthej Unionofiht-.se Stives * t blood of thou.;| SANDS—its ha.-p-n ss of MIL LIONS W e car c b-i - .nsiblc to the fact, j that a crisis -s i s appr- .e' ug ".'bieh may shake it to i s ve v f nidation, a crisis fraught with imjKir.an e tot ■- dcs'ini s no oily of tics country, but to the c esc of freedom throughout the world. The dowufdl ofti s g -vernment, the destine, tion of this Union, udi animate the waning spirit of despotism, and eh il with a death-damp the proud s ir: of freed-“ids votaries "in other parts of the Globe, who hr. vein her o been guid ed by indep-.m lent Am-riCa as ’heir “ cloud by do.y. mid their pillar o‘\ fire ‘ y night.” The evils that woul i result from a dissolution of this Union canno be enumerated —le* the; match be once applied, and ho cxpl Tsieneff.-c’ed, when, when could we hope to collect ‘Oge her the scattered fragments ? We beseech our countrymen earnestly, seriously to reflect and deliberate upon the miseries that such an even would settle upon them, and “ we invoke the spirit of that patriot hero, that saint of liberty,- whose very name .excites in every virtuous bosom a veneration almost religious, of tha WASHINGTON who led our armies *o victory, 1 and our councils to harmony and union, and who has left us in his parting advice a sacred legacy of pa’ernal wisdom, second only t« he teachings of inspiration itself,” to aid their deliberations. “ If we know ourselves all minor considera .... ! tions are on this occasion end rely lost, in the deepest solicitude for ihe ins itutions, the peace.:; and the happiness of our country.” And that our opinions may be known, at a time when many of our most distinguished ci izens, and pub lic servants are industriously attempting to dis seminate among the people of Georgia, the dan gerous heresies of a sister State, and are using ( their and influence to mis'* s party f<v“ the avowed object of opposing the laws of the f Union. Resolved, That we be-lh vc t'.e t rvit; ! ws of the United Siatcs to be un as s" 1 unoq,, a ) in their operation upon th con.. tiexpe-iic-nt for its jront ral w Ifire, an ['■ ''miy op pressive on the So them S j * ■? ; D it that wo vi* w the r-cen’ mo-'ific. i<m as eonecssion to the just cUm.an ’s oft *e o; e t.- "on h, and ns a di*jos : ‘ion in Congress to aban don the who!.* sv-ten. Hewired, *• T:a wr v. .. jse eve:", uort an.! r-s * l l <■ <>U proper tin mi ns -o free ours -!\ • s trom the n-nti<*spated evils of the i urill, bat that we think thrv have bet n exaggerated, end that ( ' the r in ‘Ji s proposed would be more i i * »rious than the Tanifi'self. .'re', 'it ,f we view ‘he doctrine of Xu 1 'realion as d ! sivc in theory, an 1 dangerous :,;■ r t and as direct 7 y lending to Civil tear (1,1.1 ■ ioUj.'ilm. R>. ’ a, That a State Convention as recoin :h ' ■ hens an i Lexington meetings, ■ full mart rs to m iiniuin, preserve and de i:-c ,' v a! < ,<d privileges of the free citizens i fuii Sfite” is clothed with “ powers too broad and uuresiru : ncd, and at a time of great ’ excitement eke the prt-sent, inexpedient and ex ;jCeedingly dangerous.’’ Resolved, That should we deem it n cessary to elect delegates to the proposed convention, we will, at some future day, do so, expressly in ’ stracting them to oppose any measures con'em- i plating rash or violent opposition to the laws ot the Union, and we shall “ pro est ngains* the an horitvofanv ac s of that convention, which, ar<- not dulv ratified by the people in tlieir res pective colludes.*’ Reserved, 'l’hat our faith and confidence in the wisdom, firmness and integrity °t Andrew Jackson, being unshaken, and believing his re election to the presidency absolutely necessary and requin d in the presen* s‘a*e of affairs, we do therefore earnes* v desire las success in the approaching pr s 1 nfml contest. II Rpso’v •■', T : ■ b.e proceedings of this, meet ing he si i - ’ airman and Secretary, and puh.l she ■ ■ ’ • s ver d tinners in this State. TIU U.’A A i.ucOX, Chairman. \ Jt'vrr!. fl -;- T , V*» • /’•?/, m. mmme- nm r mr-ryjr . iil«i ui'»TWW—w»g-iiJn» rv - ,*• v- A * 4 V || JL - m • ■ - ■ % Fllli*A\ - Hl’] 11 ■ i». ISSIkA i (J 3“ The commuulci.tion oi Co;. Zach. iViilimts will | appear in O; r rex’. BJ- We c i!I the artenl >n o; the reader to an aril :le on our n- st rage, under the title of “ Occasion 1 Re views-.” Ii is s.ii-I mb- from the pen of Mr. L mgdon | Cneves. This is eloagii to ensure it a welcome among i those v,ho V v been ;t n!l lima, the linn sup.virtcrs ol the ri icipluso. tii. Jdfcrsuns h rol. I. cannot fail, at tne, pr. sent cr : us, t • produce ;i banefi dai etio . t —we, there fore, i-an.c t:y rceommed it to our readers. i Corrections in the Communication of Dr. Antony to the Medical Board, published in our 1 isf paper. In the Ist column, lor “undiluted,” read undete-ted; for “every part,” read every fact. In the 21, for , “change” read changes; for “will produce,” read it , will produce ; fur “ mutual,” read mental; for “ large 'hominy,” read lie hominy. In the 3!, for “pursue ~’ ircad prcst.rtd ; for “ from any apathy,” read fion nr. , apathy. r.ri.i COTTO.V. Four bales of the new crop were receive . I : day, from the plantation of Mr Hear, 1 H e sold for 11 cents. Four other bdeswer* ;c • terday, from the plantation of Mr. Bv.va, stored. ILL Ia • i- Three Jackson men, Messrs. Du ■ C a-: v. | Slade, have been elected to Coagn ss. I -;c ct.-.-jv. i Ninian Edwards was a candidate. i VOiCB >■ f G F.- 1 H %\. I So far, meetings held in nine; ee C---.ii e have been, dpublished in our paper. The ’r- ;r il object o those! meetings was to take into c >Rsta- toe .-v.oj.c- t o II the tariff for the protection o' ni -. ■ ;es, -■ i they, have been‘distinguishe.l by th ■ -m .'ext no' the reso-; lotions adopted, and by the P;i ivf pnacipies which, pervaded them. It seems tii.-t herevc-r -hey h ive been: held, the spirit which pr • e ' ... . : -.iccting in Athens,® I'either predominated, t - . We shall there-’ 1 ifore place ill together, thos.; c-names which have adopt-' I'ed resolutions similar to of Athens, or adopted in t!ie same spirit, an !er tin-, head of “ Athens Meetings,”, ■land place all together, under the head of “ Union Meet-] ins,” those count t-s whole resohidons were adopted, a-j i’gainst nullific tion and a state convention, or for con vention with limited powers, the'proceedings of which’ ■ were to bo submitted to the people for their sanction or, | rejection. ATHENS MEETINGS. UNION MEETINGS Bibb, Baldwin, Monroe, Burke, Newton, Chatham, Oglethorpe, Franklin, Troup. Gwinnett, Hall, Jasper, Jones, Liberty, Morgan, Richmond, Upson, Walton, Wilkes. TEX XE v SEE RA IL-ROAD. The Greenville, S. C. Mountaineer, of the Sth instant, savs, that “delegates from Tennessee and North-Caro-j lina assembled at Ashville last week, fur the purpose of: ;ascertaining whether a Rail-Road was practicable from; Hamburg to Tennessee. They determined that theval-jj I ley of the French Broad was admirably adapted for such a road, and that there would be no difficulty in accom- j pi siting such a project on that side of the Blue Ridge. I We have been informed that the result of their delibe rations was, to recommend to the enterprize of the conn try such an undertaking. The only difficulty in its ao- I complishmcnt would be in crossing the Saluda Mountains. The time will no doubt be when such a road will lee- I fected from Hamburg into Tennessee.” ~ j l OKEIGX I XTELLIGEXCE. By late arrr-- ds in New-York from England and Ftt-cc, T v - - ! and Havre dates to the Ist ofAu | gust, and 31s: f Udy, have been received. We copy ’ from the Con v-r .. id Ejonirc-r the following items:— Bf the Pacific from Liverpool. The accounts -v i Portugal contain nothing dtfi.iirive as to flic result of Don Pedro’s expedition. There is a r< n-'Tt .fa b r 'e a b'fie to the southward of Oporto be. tween • -Ji*. is- • it M’ ruc’.’r Toopsand Don Pedro’s, jin which -lie 1 tier were eni'-rmn: 1 -- s ’ccessful. Anotlier account s*..*es D n P’ Go t» be in possession of Coim bra, but is i- evidett there is -o ;-ir-:-liigence from Portu gal on which any r-- La : r cis to be rda- cd. The papers before us coni .in numerous decrees issued by Miguel on learning that his brother w.-.-s in possession ot Onorto, and serve at least : o «how that Miguel is not inclined to succumb without a s.ruggle- The accounts from H .Hand are of a mare warlike character. On the one hand they represent the Belgi cis as more inclined to host lines, and on the other the King of H >!laud as persevering in his determination to make no c. ucessions. “ The reply of the King of Holland, received but yes terday,” says the Times, “ stirs not an inch, as we’are informed, towards any definite arrangement of the ques ton respecting Belgium. Os course not. We said he would not move. He has got his pipe in his mouth, his lugger fast, and the cheeses in dispute in his hold, and the devil a bit will he stir, any more than the .Dutch skipper that ever cheated.” J The Screes of the Diet of the Germanic Coafedera-T ilea still occupy in s r*ry pes* gre ,, Fn blic attest!« 11 The States of llano-: r, C-ssel ami Baden, have evinced jjtl s determination to resist the last despotic act emanating,;e from that body. , jb. In France, although no movement agimst the govern-, , menthes actually taken place, a feeling of discontent at - the measures adopted seems gradually increasing. a Ti e Irish Reform Bill has passed the British House c of I. Us. but the state of Ireland is represented as ter- t rifi - Some men tried ai Kilkenny for murders commit- f te lin resisting the collection of tithes, * had been acquit- a ted. Tr.rs v -rdict, the L union pipers allege, legalizes t ihe'use of anv violence and gives impunity to every crime i which may be perpetrated under the present system ot levying an odious tax. I},/ the Charlemagne from hnvre. The dep-rtur.- of the mail allows us only time to state 1 That a telegraphic despatch from Bayonne of the ~/fh Ju ly, announces that, on the 10th. Don Miguel’s position ; was carried hv the troops oi Don Pedro; mat one regi- >■ mem. w tli 9 pieces of artillery, had gone over to the i i nrr: that Ponte de Lima was o-copied on the min o> I Don Pidrc; ard that it vv is believed he would occupy : Lsb>n on the loth. Don Miguel being already retiring p on Spain. France and England had both announced to the King i of Holland that he must immediately ratify the treaty ot |« separation between Holland and B Igium, or they would n compel him by force of arms. A’ter the rat.fic mon, r.e- i gociauons might be entered into for the settlement oi m nor points. The anniversary of the three do vs hod passed over a. p Paris without any commotion. The festivities on this ’ occasion were on the most splendid sc de. LeopoK s J nmrri ge with the daughter of Louis Philippe it is - fin lively settled shall tike place on the anniversary ot his accession t>j the turone. ij From Germany, ail accounts agree in representing tne . exasperation among-t the people of the Northern States. ; as very great in consequence of the Decree of the Diet, j Hanover in particular had presented most energetic re- j. nio-strancos on the subject to-the King ot Holland. IJ The Son of Napoleon it will be seen has closed his i inglorious career hv au early death. _ (j ChOi-B U -V. We obtained from Dr. Antony, for publication, the j j following interesting papers. The inform, iticn they con-, | tain will no doubt be very acceptable to our citizens, es- ( j oeciallv at a time when a dreadful disease may extend ;| * J # , , j its ravages so far soutii as Georgia. Drs. Cuantung and: DcKay are so well known, that the utmost confidence a can he placed in the information they communicate re-1 spec tin i; the Cliolcru. us symptoms und treatment. NEW-YORK, 21ih August, 1832. ; Dear Sir ,—Your letter of the 1-ith inst. requesting in ; urination on several points relative to the absorbing sub ject, the Cholera, reached me late on the 22.1. I should have replied with less delay, but that 1 have been desi rous oi giving you the best testimony as to the subject oi ■ i your letter that 1 could promptly obtain. Ij As to the causes of Cholera, and especially tne cause or causes of its epidemic character, most that has been said and w ritten, is little better than idle speculation. On j this subject I shall confine my remarks to a single point, i It is, 1 believe, conceded on all hands, that every cir cumstance which is known to exert a decided influence in predisposing to an attack—as anxiety, fear, grief, in to* i it ion, intemperate eating, excessive fatigue, expo s :r. to no!.!, moisture and impure air, personal tdthiness, sr.intv n n-; i uncut, previous disease, &c. &.c. directly , tends to u press the vita! energies of the human system, | v. hich is ;»uis, le-s competent to resist deleterious caus es exc i'iug disease of any kind, and especially a cause | so active, so generally pervading, and so stealthily and suddenly fatal as that of the epidemic now ravaging our .' country.' It matters not if the endemic constitution of the atmosphere, be considered, as by some it. is, the pre i disoos-ng cause, and the class of circumstances abote j named, crci’ing cau-es; if the joint operation ol both i be necessary to the dcvelopement of the disease, tne in-1 ; ference must be the same, viz. that whatever tends to ; ! ; depress the vital energies of the system, during the pre valence of the epidemic, must he active in producing Cholera. The prophyl ictick course then is clear —to a vo.d exposure to these causes. ii But there is one, perhaps more active than the rest, certainly more occult, and not to be eluded. r l iris is ; flic ;nk .own aunt which operates so mysteriously in * tc, s d’seasc “ a local habitation and a name , h indicates its presence to almost every ■ v ’ h'a its s-I'pe, it by no other evidence, ’ - use of enfeebled powers—powers ex- ! -.O rative'y slight efforts—a feeling anal. 1 od a r tcr suffering tlie lieat ol a. ' • ' ■ ni. If this be so, audit will hardly be to be done to avert consequences ! if a slight additional cause casually •pressed and hence predisposed con as ho doctrines here promulgated with j i t r’tv'Tgv o* names, have inculcated —to live abate- i ; T..,t >:;ly avoiding ardent spirits, but every mode! i : h may be deemed trct.erons; and oven the 1 1 v. allowed to be taken so sparingly, that thejj. : powets o’ life are permitted to languish? Vi hath s. ; b--c; the- c- quence of such advice ? Precisely what ■ t : two gra: a- ,-i common sense might have predicted—in it | ! . many h.-.v.- unnecessarily fallen victims to the pestilcm-c, j i or ,tr, victims to ultra-temperance, or intemperate : : i =-; a ~i;i ee, the sages have wondered how such ex-! i c-.--->!.ay temperance sh rul-J have met such a late. Such I : cases, and such arc here notorious, are a satisfactory j |; commentary on the principle I have advanced, and en- 1 force most strenuously the importance of sustaining the j powers of tlie system by a course ot living, not less, but, i, mere generous tiian o-dinary circumstances render ex-; , pedient, taking more animal food, with bread, instead ot ■ .vegetables containing little nourishment; pure port and j ' sherry wi.ies, and even brandy and vv iter, il required, ns ; ; in some cases it is, to aid the digestive powers—careful-j ’ !y avoiding intemperance on the one hand and on the o-j j thf r. This, sir, in reference to the avoidance of the j- causes of Cholera, be assured, is the golden mean o! !' safety, in support of which I might give the authority of[ many, and could multiply facts, had I time, beyond the L 1 1 limits of my sheet. In reference to the Pathology of Cholera, I will not j L add to the many evidences of ingenious hypothesis and i of gross absurdity, already before the public, by attempt ing any speculations of my own upon the post-mortem phenomena I have witnesssd. 1 1 is enough for me tliatj the presence of the disease is clearly marked by sytnp. ■ toms which can hardly be mistaken ; and that it can be I removed, as my experience and that, of my friends have j j taught me, with as much ease and certainty as most of( the d’seasca o' our country. j Os the practice w hich I have, from the first, pursued,; you will find enclosed, a compendium so simplified that lan intelligent nurse, in most cases, may put it in force! i successfully. It has been drawn up to answer the mul- 1 I tiplied calls for information. It is submitted to the dis- j posa! of your board in any manner in which they may I think most conducive to the relief of human suffering—: with this only prov-so, that if published, it should be as, a whole, for mutilated fragments will convey imperfect! and often unsafe ideas of such a subject. Perhaps it | will not, with the citizens of Augusta, detract from its , j merits, to be informed that the enclosed copy is in the hand-writing of a fair Georgian, who has volunteered ; this offering to the safety of her fellow citizens, as her I testimony to the benefits of the camphor treatment. This morning I have received, at my solicitation, from j . Imy friend Dr. DeKay, a letter expressing his views of; , ■various modes of practice—after his very extended op .portunities for observation. A copy ot his letter is en- i ' closed. I regret that he has omitted Iv.s views of pre- ; ; ventive regimen. I know however that they coincide ( j with mine. i j True ing that the statements herein transmitted, may; ■ prove in your hands, valuable in aiding your extorts tol t ■ stay the pestilence, I j I am, with true respect, vour cbd’t. eerv’t. WILLIAM CHANNING, M. D. \ » | To Milton Antony, Esq. |j ( Chairman ot the Board of Health, Augusta, Geo. “E— -i ' CAMPHOR TREATMENT OF CHOLERA ASPHYXIA. i i The following compendious directions—intended to s meet, in some degree, the exigencies of those who de- t sire informal on relative to the use of C nnphor in the ; r treatment of Cholera, —are essentially a summary of tlie t practice of several physicians of New-York, and now c i sanctioned by their expetience in more than Five Hun dred c-.sf s, many of them of the m st malignant charac ter-—ls they shall prove instrumental in lessening the | destruction attending tlie pestilence now ravaging our; country, the writer’s design will have been answered. It is netessary to premise that in specifying measures' t generally efficacious in cases as they have arisen, it is f hardly possible in a single sheet, even to touch upon the - principles upon which the practice is founded; and still less to enumerate various circumstances ofage, sex, con- « s itudon, Ac. of the patients, and the diversified phe nomena ot the d.se- sc, that, as in other diseases, require t correspondent modifications of the treatment, —modifies, c Tion= which, it is manifest, must be left to the proses-, / sional tact ot tfie intelligent physician. : s Another remark too important to be overlooked is, c that there have already been observed no less than six g different forms of epidemic Cholera, each having its i characteristic features, and each its appropriate treat. J. ment. Several of these may prevail during the same t se-son (according to laws nor ascertained) in different a countries or districts, as noted in Europe in its late deso- u . lating progress. It must therefore Lc explicitly understood, that the r, practice here set forth, i« designed only for an epidemic t sxh'-bitmg T ’ n e seme distinctive fearr-res have marked h r p e footsteps of Cholera in this city; and tnat tn such an epidemic cases may be expected in which the literal . adherence to directions necessarily general, may prove pernicious and even fatal. Moreover u must be con st mtlv borne in mind, that throughout the several stages I Ot this disc ise, from its first premonitory symptom to , confined convalescence, it is essential to the success of the camphor treatment, that the patient he free from the t counter influence of other medicinal agents; and hat of •HI others’none is so utterly opposed to its efficacy, 1 uoneso fatal to every hope of a favorable issue, as opium t in every form in which it is administered. To avoid repetition, it is thought expedient to present j. the treatment of the several stages or t holcra m n Ty l. versed order, commencing with that m which i s app*. - ling symptoms are most strikingly developed. THE STAGE OK ASPHYXIA. . ,Ij la this stage, if the collapse sh ill have iOt.g exi» t , or if the march of the disease shall have been unusa.i > | rapid—the evacuations so excessive that the patient ap pears nearly exsanguinated, the pulsations of the carotids j. and of the heart remarkably feeble, and t.ie rc-spira ion j very laborious, but little hope can be indulgeu, under j; any treatment. Such patients however have, m sonie j instances, been resuscitated by the judicious exhibition o of camphor—the doses being diminished to about one j fourth part, and repeated every three, four, or fiji! utes, and the other measures hereafter detailed taitn fully enforced. But the majority of collapsed patients, [ when first seen by a physician, happily have not yet|L sunk to the above discouraging condition; and though ■, the pulse at the wrists shall have ceased, the extreau ties and face «hall he blue and shrivelled, and with the j | tongue and brea«h evince no vital heat, } ot, i t.i< rt )f , ordinary constitutional stamina, it is in such cases that ! the camphor treatment, exhibits m _>st convincingly its, 1 specific powers; for in such cases, it experience be the j I test, it is entitled to a confidence that can bo manned by ,j no other vet promulgated. o Ist. The patient should be immediately undressed and j ! well covered in bed, and woollen stockings placed upon I Ibis hands and feet. . . (j | 2d. Three drops of the spirits of camphor* m a table !i ; spoonful of water, or, (what is equivalent and ot more , i convenient administration) a t able spoonful of camp.ior ; !mixturet should be forthwith administered an-i repeateu , |every fifteen minutes. 3d. An injection, warm as c.m |be borne, ot the camphor mixture somewhat less, than. | h ilf a pint, even- half hour, or oltener it not retained.— , j-ith. The abdomen and chest should be covered with, I i) amel, wet with the camphor spirits, the limbs above tne i I stockings rubbed with it, and the bed-clothes about the j patient’s head so sprinkled with it, that carnpaor may be , inhaled with every breath. sth. The extreme thirst; should be allayed with a table spoonful of cold water, or j pure brandy and water very weak, as the patient may j prefer, every five or ten minutes. j These measures should be unremitting until pulse and | warmth bo restored to the extremities, when the injec- j tions, and tlie frictions (unless crumps be present) may ; be discontinued. The full doses of camphor must he . m iin*.lined until free perspiration become general and the ; evacuations comparatively in’rrquent; then they are to | he promptly reduced to one drop oi the spirits, or a tea- j | spoon ful of tlie mixture. So soon as the evacuations tire j jsm ill and rare, and begin to evince a bilious tinge, (as is j i often tlie case, at au early period) the intervals should be o extended to twenty, thirty, or sixty minutes, according to ,j thedegree of heat and perspiration, and thus continued j until the watery discharge shall have wholly ceased. Alter this occurrence, most patients require the repeti-jj tion of the one drop every two or three hours; hut in ; some, this sm til dose once in four, six, and even twelve j hours, p-oves abundant for the contain nice ot u- live | perspiration, while the hazard of over excitement and j depressing narcosis, xs thus with ease avoided. The sweating process in this manner, fully though d, cautiously sustained, is to he pursued in collapsed cases ii at least thirty-six hours, every exposure which may ar-;; rest its salutary influence being carefully avoided. In, the course of it, the insatiable thirst gradually ceases, j and tlie patient, after a little light nourishtne .t two or i three times, generally will relish, and in moderation,! will lake with great advantige eve ry three to six hours, 1 beefsteak, mutton chop, or broiled chicken, with good! stale wheat bread; and for drink, brandy and water, and | pure port or sherry wine. These articles should consti-j rate the principal diet of tlie convalescent, whose died- i dediy expressed wants, as the titterings ot nature not to | be disregarded, 'should he indulged—yet, with great j temperance. Experience has amply shown that by | management so simple, convalescents after severe at-j tacks of cholera, may, with very few exceptions, be; safely conducted through its consecutive dangers, to con-j|' firm health; always, however, peculiarly predi posed, as A they must be in their debilitated state, to renewed attacks ( —requiring the reiterated admonitions ot their physician, to correspondent vigilance. I THE CRAMP OR SPASMODIC STAGE. This stage ordinarily precedes that ol collapse, in tna- ! ny instances runs into it, and like it, is often accompmi- Ij; ed by profuse evacuations, fits of vomiting, cold extn-m-1 , ities, &c. Ac. U the sufferings be very severe and col. , lapse be threatened, it calls tor treatment as active as that just detailed, t'ne frictions being vigorous- j ’ ly applied to the seat of the crimps. If vomiting be ;lt a predominant symptom, the praecordia should be rub- : bed with the camphor spirits, an 1 only one drop in ail tcaspoonfn! of water administered every three, or five j-. minutes ; if repeatedly rejected, let a like quantity be .; diffused through three, six, or even ten times the water, || ( and given by the teaspoonful till a larger dose shall be ; ret ined. By this mode of exhibition, camphor never :| fails to overcome the most violent vomiting occurring ■ under this epidemic; after which, no difficuhy exists in ! nursui-g the course directed in the stage of Asphyxia. ! In case the attack be of a milder nature, warm pe-spi.. ■ ration will speedily appear, and the symptoms vanish, ! under treatment less active. THE PREMONITORY STAGE. It is generally indicated by one or more of the follow, j I ing symptoms, lassitude, ringing in the e irs, chiiiincst;,’! uneasiness or soreness in the region of the stomach, I nausea, occ isional vomiting, costivenc-s. di rrha-a, pain in the bowels, slight cramps, parti mlarly in the fingers and toes. &c. Unless severe in the on -et or too long neglected, the patient will rarely find it necessary to leave his ordinary avocations; though in cool or damp weather he may require an extra garment. To obviate costiveness a mild injection, d tily if required, is the saf est means to be used, when tlie bowels are so easily irritated into violent di r hora as during the preva lence of Cholera. If any laxative be taken, castor oil, in the dose of a teaspoonful with three drops of the cam phor spirits, repeated in an hour or two if it fail to ope. j rate, is to be preferred. In reference to the other symp- | toms of this stage, the same dose of camphor, repeated, if requisite, in an hour, or, if they be urgent, in half an hour, ora quarter even, will almost iuvari ib!y arrest any i andallof them. Should they however obstinately per- |' i sist, the patient must submit to the inconvenience of a . free perspiration in bed fora few hours. 1 The practice above designated, can hardly be more at variance with any of the prevailing views of medical • men, than with those entertained, but a brief period since, ( by the writer himself. Ii this age of generalizing, he had been led to doubt the existence of a spec jic for any disease. Experience, the only unerring guide, has con. vinccd him of an error that has but too many adherents ; * and to propagate its correction is but justly due to the ( interests of sound philosophical med cine. i t To have imagined that the introduction of camphor as a 1 . specific for a disease so formidable as Cholera, would j 1 escape an opposition as violent, if not so formidable, had !•* argued gross ignorance of the history of improvement , ( in every department of human knowledge. He who is :! aware that in enlightened Europe, the virtues of ipeca- ;, cuanha aid Peruvian bark remained untested, and the nn- • equalled blessings of the potato unappreciated, until the j .stamp of royal p itronage opened the eyes of the blind. ' can scarcely feel surprise at what he witnesses in the | 1 present instance. j . ( JUt facts are accumulating, which, as they become !, known, must carry conviction to every understanding ac cessible to truth. To such, to such dime, the writer would ( appeal for an impartial trial ot the practice he would pro- 1 mulgate. And he makes this appeal with the most un- < wavering confidence (a confidence resting upon an exton- » sive knowledge of facts in public and private practice.) ■ that such a trial cannot fail to demonstrate the pre-emi- 1 nent simplicity, safety, and certainty of the camphor; treatment °i Cholera Asphyxia,! as well as the acumen t ot German research which first devised it. j « mr WILLIAM CHANNING, M. D. New-York, 20 th August, 1832. i r ~ | 1 (Copy compared by W. C .) ; t My dear Sir, —I have seen Steven’s practice, and in f too. lew cases to enable me to give a well grounded o- t pinion on the subject. The patients all died. 2. Os j * The spirits of camphor referred to, is that of the L. - and D. P. or camphor one ounce to Alcohol a pint. \ [Since the receipt of this letter, I have seen a puhlica. !. tionof Dr. Charming, in which he directs tico ounces of]' camphor to one pint of alcohol. It is most probable that ’ publication is correct, as it was made under his own in- 1 spection; and that the mistake is in the note, which was ( copied from h;s letter, as he stales, by a “ Fair Gear- < ? Tr'l , ■ *• A i i ,ie camphor mixture may be extemporaneously pre pared by adding to a common black bottle full of water, 3 1 easpoonfuls op the spirits, to he shaken for a few minutes, and then strained through a coarse napkin to remove the 1 und'Ssolved camphor. * Tig writer deems it an act of justice to state in con nexionwith this paper, that for a knowledge of this . treatment, the American Public are primarily indebted to 1 his friend Dr. ff. B- Gram, of this city. (. saline injections in the veins 1 have seen, and assisted in more than 30 cases. All but two died, and as IU. ieve these two survivors escaped in spite of the injec tions. 3. The Broussais’ treatment is mere baby-plav, I give ice however in small quantities to alleviate the distressing thirst, but with no curative indication, 4. The opium and calomel I believe to be useful, but only after reaction has taken place, and then in small gradu. ntod doses. The absurd and empiwcal mode adopted by our countrymen ot giving mercury in most known, and in all unknown diseases; deserves severe rr pre . hension, and I believe that more Doctors will be damn, cd for the use of mercury, than tor all their other sms together. 3. The Iriction plan, I bt-lieve thic Tie best of all: I have suggested, and we now use in t v* Crosby-stroet Hospital an ointment composed as follows; Recipe. —lied Pepper, Camphor, of each half n pound, simple ointment one lb. muriatic arid, 1 oz. Rub the • powdered camphor and pepper together, put in the mu. riatic acid, and then add the melted ointment or lard. N. B. This is to be put on with scrubbing brushesplas. tered thick, and after half an hour’s rubbing cover the skin with powdered hot chalk. These frictions every half hour if necessary. 6. My own treatment. Con. sidcring the disease as one of pure derangement of the I circulation alone, my views are directed to restrain this circulation when too active, to excite it when too slow, I accordingly bleed immediately, and in every stage as long as I can find a pulse. If there is no pulse I make |one, first by the above frictions, 2d by the following I draught repeated it necessary t Rec/te. 1 iitot Oph | gutlTfrom 50 to 150 drops; sulphate Ether horn 20 to 50 jdrops; oil peppermint from 5 to 20 mix. p. &c. Wher. lever local pain, mustard poultice, and for cramps hot 1 vinegar, ligatures, &c.—l believe by this plan (unci in deed in my own practice I know it,) no consecutive fc. ; ver takes place. 7. The camphor treatment. You can jof course give the best account of this. I can testify 'to your success in your two published cases, and in ate. j oral hundred others. I know of no better remedy in I what is absurdly called the premonitory stage. As I i believe I possess the means of controlling this formi. idable fiver by the lancet and stimuli. I cannot of course ;bc expected to give it up, hut this does not prevent me | from doing justice to the camphor treatment as pracus. i cd by yourself and others. 1 am. dear Doctor, yours truly, (Signed) ' J. E. DEK AY. William Cjianmvo, M. D. Friday morning, August 2-1, 1832. tiu: F iorecnvE system. In our last paper we observed, in substance, that m i the northen states, there was a spirit rising among the | people more in consonance wiih the feelings of the I south, and with an impartial administration of the fedo ! ral government, than the one exhibited in the adoption of |the tariffs of 1621 and 1828. Wc observed also, that Itbere were men of talents and patriotism in those stales, land, even, in Boston, who were exerting all their influ. ! enceon the side of free trade and against the protective I system. In support of these observations, we call the 1 serious attention of the people of Georgia to the follow, ling extracts from a speech delivered by Mr. Isaac Hill, Senator in the Congress of the U. States from the stare I of New-llampshirc, at a public dinner given to that gen. jtleman, last month, by his personal and political friends, I at Concord. i “ Early in the session Mr. Clay introduced | into the Senate the subject of the Tarilf, not, as ! afterwards appeared, to effect any rational and tjust compromise on that momentous subject, but jto exhibit himself before the nation as the chain- Ipion an 1 father of the American System—to •jive to himself the credit of having built up the pres nt prosperity and growth of the country — jto claim for himself and his policy all that was j good, and 'o cast off on the friends of the Ad. ministration all that was had in the opera'ions of the government or in the success of indivi. dual on erprise. “ Mr. Clay and his parti/.ans clearly saw that the time was about arriving in consequence of the discharge of the public debt, when half of the taxation to support the legitimate objects of the Government, might he dispensed with ; and that to make an equal and eqeiablc reduction on the several subjects of taxation, would he a direct interference with that system which, un der the color of building up and protecting Ame rican manufactures, had favored some interests at the expense of other interes s. The interests of certain protected manufactures had become par i illy identified with the party policy adopt ed and pursued by Mr. Clay ; and it had be*-.»»ne a matter of feeling, ifnot of intores', to cry out for protection. “ This much abused word “ protection,” ha? led many well intending people into the mazes of error and delusion. Assuming for ihepremi ses whatever is convenient, the sticklers for the American System can make “ protection” flow from such source as they choose. They tell us that this system of protection was early adopt, led as the policy of Washington ; but the policy lof Washington was as different from that now jclaimed as the exclusive protecive policy, as ; light from darkness. Washington’s policy ex tended to a protection of a taxation of 7 5 per icent. on imported articles—that of Clay and his partisans is not satisfied with a protection of 50, or even 100 per cent. “ Although it is a fact, that by fur the great est portion of useful dome,s'ic manufactures had | grown up and flourished without that onerous taxation upon the imported ar’iclc contended 'for at the present day ; yet if is in the mouth of almost every American System man to claim the entire growth an 1 prosperity of American indusry as the result of the high taxation im posed by the tariff laws of 1824 and 1828. As the practical result of those laws if may he fear* lessly assumed in relation to a single species ot manufactures —and that more important than any other, with the exception of cotton —that there has been more imported woollen stuffs and cloths consumed in this country, in propor tion to the inhabitants, s : nec the tariff ia'vof 1828 went into effect than at any previous time; and that the quantity is cons an ly in creasing. Thirty years pgo, in most of our country towns, there was scarcely a coat or other woollen garment worn, made of cloth im ported from a foreign country ; the whole con sumption was thf-n supplied from the houses of our farmers, and was spun and wove generally by members of their own families. Then there was a protecting duty of only 7£ per cent. Now, when there is a protecting duty of from of) to *2OO per cent, on domes'ic manufactured woollen goods, more than half of all the clo’hs worn in t]jq same towns is made from foreign wool and spun and wove in a foreign country; and a large portion of the remainder is made, not in the farmer’s family, but in some over grown woollen establishment where a large por tion of the labor is performed bv the hands of imported foreigners. “ It is said a reduction of the du’ics will “in troduce a ruinous foreign competition.” Cer tainly the increase of duty, as yet, has not di minished foreign competition. If the duties were raised to prohibition, the “ foreign competition would even be more ruinous to the manufactur er than it now is ; foreign cloths would be ged in’o the country and supply the place ot those on which high dudes are now’ paid. Mr. Iluskisson has shown that even in England, where the smuggler is punished with far greater severity than in this country, silk* were worn when the introduction of silk goods was prohibited in that country, than when the duty on imported silks was laid at 30 percent, of their value ; and that the effect of substitut ing thirty per cent, duty for prohibition, lias been to raise the'culture and manufacture of silk in reat Britain to a degree of prosperity never before witnessed. “ The real truth is, there is a great mistake about what is called “ protection” of American industry. This industry will be better protect ed by reduced than by high taxes—the grefl*