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thTco^sststrti«.vv» i at. 121* 17£ £A’ 1? I7.VCC. cr TERMS—For the seini-wcekly paper, published every Tuesday and Friday rnominf:, 85 pr r annum and for the weekly 83. oil payable in advance. CT ADVERTISEMENTS arc inserted weekly for G 2 1-2 cents per square ; semi-weekly 62 1-2 cents for the first, and 43 3-4 cents for each subsequent insertion, and monthly for 8 1, 00 per square for each insertion. For yearly advertisements private tirrangei/.cnts are to be made. A deduction ri made on die advtnuc ments of public officers. Postage must be paid on letters of business. FROM THE SOUTHERN BANNER. Address of the Convention assembled ul Athens on the 19th and 20th of October 1832, for the purpose of establishing a Manual Labour School. The great importance and utility of combin lug labour with study, have been seen and t<T by the judicious and observing in this as well as in other countries. But perhaps, no portion of the community has been so alive to this salu tary connexion, as the Christian church.— Ihe church has seen in the manual labour system, a means of rearing up tin efficient ministry ; a ministry capable of enduring toil and hardship as “ good soldiers of the cross,” and at the same time, intellectual and acconipishod, prepared at all points to contend manfully “ for the faith once delivered to the saints.” Hence most if not all of the manual labour schools in thii coun try, have been distinguished for their piety and Christian zeal. They form an interesting era in the hislorv of education societies, which tire | thus enabled to extend the sphere of their use fulness, and preserve for the church many a de votes] son who would, otherwise, from ill health, •ink prematurely into the grave. Indeed, physi cal education, (if we may judge from the many valuable essays daily issuing from the press,) is beginning to take that stand by the side ot in tellectual and moral education, from which it has been too lung banished. The following are some of the many advan tages connected with the manual labour system. 1. This is the most economical plan ofeduca ; tion now known. Any young man, even a boy lof but tea years, who can wor at all, can do something to support himself. v variety of in teresting experiments has already proved that such pupils earn from 85 to 8100 or more per annum. Besides, there is a great saving from living in commons, from plain fare, plain dress ing, and from being removed 1 ruin the usual temptations to spend money. 12. This system furnishes education societies with an admirable test, by winch to try the char acter and habits of such indigent young men as apply to them for assistance. —It is a good rule and has long since grown info a proverb, “ to help those only who are willing to help them selves.” So sensible of this are the beneficia ries of the American Education Society, that, during the past year, they earned more than 815,000 by their labour without injury to their studies. 3. It is a most popular system, and its popu larity is rapidly increasing. It is popular nut only with the .parent, but also with the child ; not only with the poor, but also with the rich. As an evidence of this, let it be observed, that wherever manual labour schools have been es tablished, there has been a crowd of young men pressing forward for admission. For instance, at the Oneida Inslilute, New-York, during 1831, more than 500 applicants were rejected for the want of accommodations. 4. It secures firm health and a vigorous con stilution. This results from the follow ing prin ciple recognised by high medical authority: “ That the body was formed and is admirably calculated for great activity and exertion ; and that such activity and exertion are indispensihly necessary for the healthful performance of its functions.” It is manifest, “ that neither the body nor the mind is capable of attaining the highest point of perfection, until botli are brought into full action, and the exact ratio of action as certained which each can bear without occa sioning injury to the other.” 5. It is proved as far as modern experiment goes, that the manual labour system makes the best scholars. At the Wesleyan Institute in the state of Maine, this was eminently the case. Os this we have striking proof, too, in the schools of the ancients. Cicero doubtless owed bis great ness to the salutary influence of the Grecian gymnaism. 6. It promotes enterprise and independence of spirit; it enlarges and strengthens the pillars of our republican institutions ; it cherishes a uni versal temperance ; and above all, it promotes the increase of an able and faithful ministry. With such views as these, the directors and members of the Georgia Presbyterian Education Societv, together with delegates from a number of churches convened in Athens on the 19th and 90th inst. for the purpose of establishing a man ual labour school ; an account of which will be seen in the extracts below, by reference to which, it will be observed that the school is to he located in the vicinity of Athens, at least for the praaont. The prominent reason which influenced the convention in locating the school there, is, the great saving in expense in consequence of the facilities afforded by the University. The least sum with which such an institution distant from Athens could begin, was computed at 825,000, a sum too great to he borne b}- our churches at present. The Convention are aware of the deep interest felt by many of their brethren in the success of the Theological Sem inary established at Columbia. This interest they also feel in common with their brethren, and would not be understood ns recommending any Institution having for its object an interfer ence seminary, nor would they advocate the es tablishment of a literary instituion, which in its results could injure the usefulness of Franklin College. Extracts from the Proceedings of the Convention. Resolved 1. That it is expedient to establish as early as practicable, an institution upon the manual working plan, for the education of poor and pious young men for the gospel ministry in Georgia. 2. That the labour of the beneficiaries shall be applied to the cultivation of the earth in the ordinary pursuits of agriculture, and to such mechanical operation as may I e thought most profitable, and most healthful. 3. That the plantation, th abour of the members of the school, their hoard, and all o ther matters immediately connected with the form, shall be committed to some suitable per son to be appointed by the Board of Directors of the Georgia Presbyterian Education Society. 4. That the members of the school shall be required to labour at least three hours in each day, and to perform such additional labour as may be. deemed advisable in the discretion of "the Directors. 5. That the school shall be opened, first, for the reception of pious young men, members of School. i the Presbyterian church, who are intended to prepare for the gospel ministry ; second, for the children of Presbyterian parents, whether pious or not, and for any member of the Presbyterian church not preparing for the ministry; and third, for persons who belong to any of the orthodox churches of our State, who may give satisfactory evidence of piety; all of whom may board in the Institution, and shall be alike subject to its gov ernment. 6. That, for the present, a suitable plan'alion | he purchased, and the school located in the vi- : cinity of Athens, in order that the students may be enabled, after entering, to attend to the du ies ofCollege. ■ 7. That a competent teacher be employed by : the Board of Directors of the Georgia Presby -1 terian Education Society, to take charge of the I literary department of the school, who shall re | side upon the plantation: and that the course of | studies to he taught, shall correspond with those j required for admission into the Sophomore class | in Franklin College. 8. Tint the Directors of the Georgia Pres \ byterian Education Society he, and they are | hereby request'd to appoint special agents fur the | 1 purpose of promoting the ends herein proposed, I | and for the purpose of procuring means for the i establishment and maintenance of the manual i labour school, and that they also appoint au agent in each of the Presbyterian Churches of j our State, with ins'ructions to aid by ail the j means in their power, in promoting the great . objects of the Institution. 9. That it is expedient, that the government, I control, and management of the manual labour ■ school, be committed to the hands of the Board of Directors of the Georgia Presbyterian Educa tion Society ; and that they he and are hereby respectfully requested and earnestly solicited to assume the same, and proceed as early as practi cable to carry fully into effect the views herein contained. 10. That each member of this Convention con sider himself hereby pledged to use all his in fluence, and means within his control,fur the establishment and support of the manual labour school, and that its interests be hereby earnestly recommended to the exertions and prayers ol the church. The Convention examined by committee the plantation of Mr. Nishet, one mile above Athens, and being satisfied that it was upon the whole, the most suitable one they could procure, recom mended the Directors to make the purchase forthwith. There are 450 acres of land, a line building with a cellar, six fire-places and eleven rooms, besides all other necessary buildings. The Convention before concluding their ad dress to their brethren, would suggest, that in aiding them and the Georgia Presbyterian Edu cation Society, to establish and maintain this Institution, they could effectually serve them by contributing article's ot household furniture, plantation utensils, &c. The following, among other things will be needed : horses or mules, hogs, cows, beds and bedding, chairs, socks, leather, tallow, fodder, oats, corn, wheat or flour, homespun, &c. &c. JOHN S. WlLSON, President. M. W. DOBBINS, > . . JOHN NISBET, \ Secretaries ‘ The newspapers of the State friendly to education, are requeste to give the above an in sertion. Tiic following correspondence will he read with interest and pleasure by every true Repub lican. New-York, Sept. 28, 1832. To the Hon. Martin Van Burbn — Sir : W« have been deputed by the General Committee of Democratic Republican Young Men of the city of New-York, to place in your hands the accompanying record of their proceed ings. No duty could devolve upon us more in consonance with our feelings as members of tin's community, or more gratifying in our capacity as representatives of a political body, than that which we are about to discharge. During the larger portion of our political ex perience, your name has been identified with the leading public measures connected with the wel fare and honor of your native state; and for a part of the time, the evidences of your zeal, ta lents, and devotion to the best interests of the . country, have been apparent in the enlarged views entertained, and in the beneficial policy adopted, in the councils of the nation. In seek ing for a light to direct our political course, we have heeivsatisfied, that, amid the conflicts of opinion, and the storms of party, we could look to you, with confidence in the integrity of your intentions and in the soundness of your judg ment. Witnessing on all occasions the wisdom and patriotism displayed in your public career, we have been convinced that we could safely trust to the guidance of your example. Entertaining these sentiments in all sincerity, we have observed, with feelings which we will not here attempt to express, the unjust attacks that from time to time have been directed against you by political opponents. We have looked upon these assaults, not alone as indicating a false estimate of what is due from one citizen to another; hot. ns torulins in/.v-’f-i Kly, and almost irremediable, to degrade the national character, and to debase the standard of our political mo rality in the eyes of the world. It is no part of our present purpose to ani madvert on a late proceeding, in which your motives were impeached, your measures im pugned, and your character assailed, by the members of a public body, acting without the responsibility which attaches to open and digni fied legislation. The injustice of the decision alluded to has been declared by an impartial tri bunal. The representatives of the people have pronounced a verdict of acquital on the charges. The people themselves are about to speak, and little is hazarded in predicting that their voice will he heard in a triumphant vindication. It is a source of deep regret that the calamity with which our city was articled, at the period of your return, forbade our communicating person ally with you at that time, in conformity with the resolutions under which we act : we adopt therefore, the present mode of assuring you of the respectful attachment entertained for your character as a citizen and statesman, and of the high estimation in which vour pul He services are held, by the Democratic Republican Young Men of New-York. In connecting our own individual congratula tions with the recorded sentiments of those we represent, and while tendering a sincere and respectful welcome to your native state, we take leave to assure you ofthe high regard and esteem with which we are A our most obedient servants, Prosper M. Wetmore, Robert H. Maclav, John McKeon, Jacob T. Kent, John R. Livingston, Jr. Anthony Hart', John B. Scolcs, James Shea, Andrew Warner, John A. Morrill, Edward Sanford, Charles G. Ferris, E. T. Throop Martin, Daniel Dusenbury, ■ William Allen, Andrew Hutton, Lawrence P Jordon. Jacob Hardenbrook. GENERAL COMMITTEE or L'XtHOCKAXIC REPUBLICAN YOUNG HEN. In Committee , f Tamhanv Hall, June 5, 1832. $ The following preamble and resolutions were adopted, unanimously:— Whereas, on the 'result of the approaching presidential elec ion, depends, in the opinion ot this Committee; the continuance of our present i national prosperity, ifnot the permanency otour : republican institutions; And, whereas, tins com | mittee holds it to be the duty ol all. who regard ; the welfare oftheir country, to contribute by a I frank and decided expression of opinion, the fuh 1 weight of their influence in determining ques tions of great public importance. Therefore, Resolved, That this committee has witnessed with feelings of national pride, the ma ny an ! signal benefits which have resulted Irom the wise, honourable, and energetic policy ol the present Administration, and that it views the question of the re-election of Andrew Jackson, as identical with the lasting prosperity and hap piness of the country. Resolved, That in the Democratic Republican i candidate, presented to the people of the bailed States, for the office of \ ice President, tiiis com mittee recognizes an upright and patriotic citi zen, an able, intelligent, and experienced states man; one who has enjoyed, uninterruptedly, the confidence ol Ids native State, and whose ef forts in the public service have been directed with a single eye to the promotion ofthe public good. Resolved, That this committee responds most Cordially to the nomin ition of MARTIN \ AN Lit" REN, not alone as an act of justice to an in jured citizen, spontaneously rendered by the re presentatives of the people, but in the sincere and confident belief, that his election will ad vance the interests, sustain the honour, and ele vate the character of the nation. On motion, the following resolutions wore adopted unanimously: — Resolved, That this committee deems it alike an act of duty to itself, and of justice to a re spected fellow-citizen, who has distinguished himselfin the public service, to : n-A r him a tribute of respect on his return fro i a foreign mission. Resolved, That a committc of fifteen be ap pointed to congratulate Mr. \ an Huron, on his arrival in tiiis city, and to present to him a copy of these proceedings, accompanied by the ex pression, on behalf of this committee, ol a cor dial welcome to his native State. The committee was ordered to consist ot the following members: Prosper M. Wetmorc, W illiam Allen, John McKeon, Lawrence P. Jordan, Jacob T. Kent, Andrew Hutton, E. Throop Martin, Jacob Hardenbrook, John R. Livingston, Jr. James Shea, Charles G. Ferris, John B. Scotes, Edward Sanford, Andrew Warner. Daniel Dunsenbury. On motion, the Chairman and Secretaries were added to the Committee. Extract from the minutes. ROBERT 11. M ACL AY, Chairman. Anthony Haff, ) Secretaries . John A. Morrill, $ Albany, October 17, 1832. Gentlemen: Your letter of the 28th ultimo, with the accompanying proceedings oi your Committee, was received in my absence, and I embrace the first moment of my return to this city, to express to you my sincere thanks for the very honourable manner in which you have been pleased to associate my name with his who is so eminently entitled to our best affections and lasting gratitude. O c I should be unthankful indeed, if I did not cherish the liveliest gratitude for the kind and generous feelings evinced towards me by the Democratic Republican Young Men of the city of New. York, at a period in my public life so delicate and peculiar as that to which your pro ceedings more panicularly relate. So flattering an expression of their confidence would at any time have afforded me the highest gratification, but more particularly at the present moment, when, in common with their brethren through out the State, they have taken a stand in favor of the saving principles of the Constitution, which cannot fail to be remembered as an inter esting era in the politics of our State. There are occasions, which, from their deep interest and important results, gives to the lives of public men a decisive and unchangeable character, ac. cording to the different parts which they per form in them. The late war was one, and the present contest, so far as it relates to the princi ples involved, is, in my opinion, next in import ance. For the indignant feelings with which you have witnessed the uninterrupted streams of de traction, with which it has suited the views of my opponents to visit me, I feel deeply indebted to you. Whilst there have been periods in the lives of most Republicans, during which the in vectives of most of our opponents have at least been suspended, it has been my good, or bad fortune, never to have enjoyed a moment’s re spite, since mr fiiSt eillroncc into public fife. As 1 am unconscious of possessing either a vin dictive spirit, or of indulging in any peculiar extravagance of opinion, 1 have allowed myself to regard this unusual asperity on the part of my adversaries, as a compliment to my consistency, at least. No public man can, or ought to be in sensible to the opinions of his opponents, when formed with candor, and expressed with decen cy ; and if I could possibly look upon the in discriminate and unsparing denunciations of their presses, as the sincere convictions of the intelligent and respectable men who are found in the ranks of the opposition, I certainly could not but regret, that it had not been in my power to render my course more deserving of their ap probation. But viewed, as I think they must be, as the results of a pre-determined and un changeable resolution to condemn every act which can be rendered in the slightest degree assailable by artful misrepresentation, the opin ions expressed, cannot, I trust, fail to be regard ed, by all liberal A: just minds, as utterly worth less. It is however highly creditable to the public sentiment of our country, that, whilst practices so disreputable to our press, have be .Aplored as abuses of an insritution, which, n A stand ing anv degree of licentiousness to \v. t may occasionally be exposed, must nevertheless be regarded ns the most efficient support of our political fabric, there has uniformly been found a redeeming spirit with the people, which has j secured the individuals selected as the subjects of vituperation against permament injury. So strikingly is this result confirmed by experience, that whilst many of our most distinguished pub lic men have been seriously injured .y favours derived from such sources, there is scarcely an instance to be found, in which the objects of their obloquy have not been raised in the estima tion of the public, in exact proportion to the in tensity and duration of the abuse to which they have been thus exposed.. It gi vesme the highest pleasure to find, from the more general proceedings of your Commit tee. that you have had the wisdom to leave the field of personal detraction, to those, who not withstanding the experience of the past, are still disposed to occupy it, anJ to devote yourselves to the discussion and support of principles, the complete establishment ot which, is calculated ' to exercise a favorable influence on public at tains when we will no longer have it in our pow er to be useful, and slid more so, that \ou have selected for your adoption, the simple, yet salu ! tary, doctrines of the old Republican school. Be’assured, that it is through their agency alone, ' that civil authority, however wise-distributed or 1 solemnly restricted by written constitutions, can be preserved from the insidious approaches of wealth, ambition, and arbitrary power. These doctrines successfully maintained, and the elective franchise preserved in its purity, and exerciser! with independence —the contest between the cause in which you have s<> zealous i ly embarked, and its antagonist principle, can i never be doubtful in this State. M hatevei tem porary success may occasionally attend the se ductions ot wealth, and the assaults ot cammny, let nothing impair your confidence in the peo ple. The events of more than half a century at test the futility of all former attempts to overawe or to corrupt them and rely upon it they have not degenerated. I am Gentlemen, very respectfully, Your obedient servant, MARTIN VAN BUREN. To Messrs. Prosper M. Wet more, John McKeon, John R. Livingston, jr. John 13. Scales, An drew Warner, and others. Committee. FKS DAY, XOVEX ISBEJ 2, {BB2. FOR PRESIDENT. A3JDR EW JACKSOST. VICE-PRESIDENT. SJARTIX VAN BUR JEN. !EF We observed some time ago, that we would not be surprised to hear that Mr. Webb and Gen. Dull Green, had become good friends and would shortly praise one another as independent, consistent, and honest editors. It is duo to Mr. Webb, to say, that we have been mis taken in our expectation; for u appears from the follow ing article, taken from his paper of the 23d October, that lie entertains the same opinion of Gen. Green he once did. Whether Gen. Green entertains the same opinion of Mr. Webb he once did, we know not ; and we care not, for in both the public have no confidence. “ We entertain no better opinion of Duff Green now, than we did formerly. When in 1828 he advocated with us the election of Andrew Jackson we then considered his course disreputable to the cause. We are now op posing Jackson’s re-election and so is Green, but farther than this, there is no concert in our proceedings. We consider the caricatures which he puts in his Telegraph disgraceful to the character of the press, and his late personal attack upon Mr. Van Buren is admitted by his friends to be in famous in every sense of the word. The truth is, Green, Kendal!, Blair and Lewis, all came to Washington to prey upon the treasury, and quarrelled a bout the division of the plunder. They will soon be good friends again.” PUBLIC EDUCATION. The perpetuity of the republican government under which we live, depends on the diffusion of knowledge among the general mass of the people ; it should, there fore, be the duty of those to whom power has been del egated, to provide for the education of every being be longing to the community. We must confess, that so far, Georgia has done almost what she could, in order to promote the acquisition of knowledge. But the plan she has adopted is yet imperfect; and though schools are now more numerous, there is a defect in the manner they are administered, and provided with experienced teachers, which prevents them from being so useful as they should be. Our remarks allude to county acade mics and schools, and not to the University. The legis lature has been bountiful to the latter institution ; it is in a flourishing condition ; but the legislature should not neglect the academies and schools, for they are of equal, if not of superior, importance to the people, inasmuch as a greater number of citizens are interested in their pros perity, than in the prosperity of Franklin College. For one hundred heads of families that are able to send their children to Athens, thousands can only give a common education to theirs. The legislature, at every session, should not neglect to take the subject into serious con sideration, and to improve the plan now pursued in the state. Every year a school fund is distributed among the counties. Sometimes this fund, after it has been taken away from the treasury, is in the hands of the Judges of the Inferior Courts; sometimes in the hands of commissioners, or a treasurer ; and sometimes nobody knows where. There should be a strict accountability required from those who have the employment of this fund ; and throughout the state a few citizens only, say five in each county, should have the disbursement of the money, and the choice of teachers, with the exclu sive superintendence of all the academies and schools in their respective counties. There should be a uniform rule, and a uniform mode of accounting for the fund and its employment. By the pian now pursued, no account ability can be expected; the counties are dilatory in making their returns; and when made, are frequently incorrect, and do not give at all a satisfactory statement of the condition of the public schools. It is known that several counties have failed to make returns for several years past. With such imperfections in the system pur sued, it cannot be expected that the fund provided by the state for the public schools, will accomplish the ob ject for which it was appropriated. With the means and resources of Georgia, there is not a single doubt that in a few years, every father would be able to have his chil dren well taught in reading, writing, and arithmetic, if not in some higher branches of education, were a more perfect system to be adopted. Strict accountability will improve the system ; and the legislature can easily find the mode of compelling punctuality, and a faithful dis charge of duties, on the part ot those who have the su perintendence of the public schools. We are bound by every thing sacred, to provide for the education of our offspring. If we cannot leave them a fortune, let us leave them, at least, the means of earn ing their bread honourably and virtuously; for they can. not become good and useful citizens, if in their youth knowledge has not been imparted to them—if by educa tion they have not been made acquainted with the histo ry and public institutions of the world. A man of knowl edge—of good common education—will earn his bread every where, in every clime. He will be a good citizen. The ignorant is generally prejudiced, stubborn, and of ten lazy; a bad citizen, and a bad father; easily gov erned by others, he has no opinion of his own. Besides, in a republic like ours, every citizen is bound to serve his country, when called upon by his fellow citizens. If he has no knowledge, how can he discharge the duties of the office to which he will have been raised ? He can serve his country in any capacity, if he has knowledge. Must he not know how to read and writs, to be a consta ble ? And it he were to be sent to the legislature, will not any man oftceling be greatly mortified, should he not be able to understand the purport of legislative de liberation ? How then can we be useful to ourselves, to our families, and to our country, if we do not acquire the means while young ? Can a free man be contented to work irom morning till night, all the year round, in the field, without associating with h:s fellow men—wfithout the happiness of a companion and children to cheer and comlort his old age ? There is a time for all things. The i farmer has his leisure hours. He has lime, after his usu al labour, to attend to wife and children, and even to public business : because if he has had prudence and , practical knowledge, when young and robust, he will have worked hard enough to acquire such a competency as to give him leisure time when in a more advanced a>-e. But the ignorant in the field, will always remain in the field ; he will be lit fur nothing else : he will not be a dead weight on the community, but he will certainly be a cvpher in it. A nobla ambition prompts the man of knowledge to better his condition. With the ignorant, to eat, drink, and sleep, are all what he seeks in this world. By the man of knowledge, freedom is cherish ed ; with the ignoraiU, whether an Heliogabalus or a Marcus Aurelius governs, it is the same thing to him. The man of knowledge maintains the reputation, hon our, and welfare of his country, with his purse, and his • sword ; with the ignorant, a good reputation, and hon our, are virtues he does not understand. The man ot knowledge is almost always charitable, liberal, and con descending; the ignorant is selfish and unfeeling. The man ofknowledge is grateful for favours and services rendered to him, but firm and unbending in resenting in sults from the perverse ; the ignorant is neither grateful nor resentful: he does not know what is a favour or an insult. In a free country like ours, the man ol knowl edge is the support ofthe slate ; the ignorant is its bane. It should, therefore, be the duty of the legislature to keep in mind, that the more the people are enlightened, the more our public institutions will last; the more the people are enlightened, the more they will be virtuous, free and happy. The legislature should at every session, make public education the principal object ot their de liberation. It should at every session improve the plan already in operation, til! it is as perfect as the human mind can make it. THE MISSION A KIES. The annual meeting of the American Board of Mis sions, was held in New-York on the 3d instant. As matter for historical record, we publish the following extracts from the report, and which relate to the Mis sionaries now in the Penitentiary of Georgia : *• it was stated in the Report of last year, that the missionaries had been driven from Carmel, Hightower, Haweis, and New Echota, the Georgia guard. The missionaries, at the for mer places, after having been once arrested and discharged by order of the Court in Gwinnett county, Georgia, thought it expedient, when they were threatened with a second arrest, to remove their families out of that portion ofthe Cherokee Territory over which Georgia claim ed jurisdiction. On this point the Committee when consulted, left them to act according to their own conviction of duty, as citizens of the United States, and missionaries oft! Lord Je sus Christ.” “ Messrs. Worcester and Butler were arrest ed and brought to trial before the Supreme Court of the State of Georgia, sitting in Gwinnett county, on the 15th of September. The Jur} r in their verdict, declared them guilty of resid ing in that portion of the Cherokee Territory claimed b} r Georgia, contrary to the laws of that State, and on the following day they were sen tenccd to four years imprisonment at hard la bor in the Penitentiary of that State. Nine other persons were tried and sentenced to the same punishment by this Court : one of them was a preacher of the Gospel, of the Methodist denomination, and four others wore professors of religion. On their arrival at the gates of the Penitentiary, pardon was offered to them, on condition that they would promise not again to reside in the Cherokee country. With these offers all complied except Messrs. Worcester and Butler, who were accordingly thrust into prison, where they have remained to the pre sent time. Mrs. Worcester and Mrs. Butler still remain at New Echota, and retain posses sion of the mission premises.” “ Messrs. Worcester and Butler, on their tri al before the Superior Court of Georgia, had the aid of good legal counsel, who urged in their defence, and as a bar to the indictment, that the Cherokee country was not within the jurisdiction of Georgia, and that their arrest and trial under the laws of that State were contra ry to the Constitution, Treaties, and Laws of the United States. They therefore determined, with the approbation of the Prudential Commit tee, to appeal to the Supreme Court of the Uni ted States. Measures were accordingly taken to bring their case in due form before that tri bunal.” “ In the meantime, as the Missionaries enter ed the Cherokee country with the express sanc tion and protection of the Executive of the U. States, the Committee, in accordance with the instructions of the Board at ils last annual meet, ing, forwarded a memorial to the President, containing a full statement of the embarrass ments and injuries to which the Missionaries and Missionary property in the Cherokee nation had been and were subjected, together with the cir cumstances connected with the arrest and im prisonment of Messrs. Worcester and Bailor, and praying that the power of the Executive might be interposed to protect the Missionaries in their labors, from further molestation and violence, and that the Attorney General of the United States might be instructed to commence a suit against the offending officers of the State of Georgia, for the arrest and imprisonment, and other injurious treatment, of the Teachers and Missionaries, in violation of the treaties and laws of the Union, and their rights as citizens of the same. “ The President replied to this memorial, through the Secretary of War, simply stating, that, as Georgia had extended her laws over the Cherokees, the various acts of Congress, provid ing a mode of proceeding in such cases, incon sistent with the State laws, became inoperative, and that he, therefore, had no authority to in terfere. “ A writ of error was granted by one of the Justices of the Supreme Court ofthe United States, on the application of Messrs. Worcester and Butler, and the case was brought up and a bly argued on the 20th, 21st, and 23d days of February last, by Messrs. Wirt and Sergeant, in behalf of the plaintiffs in error. The deci sion of the Court was pronounced by Chief Jus tice Marshall on the 3d of March last. The Court exhibited, at length, in a very lucid and convincing manner, the nature and extent of the right of discovery, the original ground upon which different European powers laid claim to the continent, the manner in which the lands of the Indians have heretofore been obtained, the import and binding obligations of the treaties which have been made with the Indians, and the manner in which the Constitution of the United States and the acts ol Congress relating to the Indian affairs are to be understood. The laws of Georgiy enacted within the last two or three } ears, extending the jurisdiction of that State over tiie Cherokee country, were also examin ed by lae Court, and declared to W. repugnant to the Constitution, Treaties, and Levs of the United States. The mandate of the Court was immediately issued, reversing and annulling the judgment oi the Supreme Court of Georgia, and ordering that all proceedings on the indictment against the prisoners do forever surcease, and that the prisoners be and hereby are dismissed therefrom. “ A motion was made on the 17th of March, in the Superior Court of Georgia, by Messrs. Chester, Underwood, and Harden, the counsel for -Messrs. Worcester and Butler, that the man- : date of the Supreme Court of the United States be received and entered upon the records, and that a writ of habeas corpus be issued to b r j ncf the prisoners before the Court, for the purpose of their discharge, in obedience to said rnan. date. After this motion had been argued, the Court refused to obey the mandate of the Su. preme Court, or to discharge the prisoners. The Court refused to allow the motion, or the deci. sions of the Court upon it, or any matter relat. ini; to the case, to be entered on its records. “On the 4th of April, the principal coan Se ] for the prisoners addressed a letter to the IJ 0n Wilson Lumpkin, Governor of the State of Georgia, enclosing the decision and mandate of the Supremo Court of the L wited States, and thy < doings thereon in the Superior Court of Gwi n nett county, praying that he would exercise tb" power entrusted to him as Chief Magistrate of tlie State, and discharge the prisoners. To this application, Governor Lumpkin refused to an swer in writing, but gave a verbal ileniuf. “ A memorial to the President ot the United States was prepared by the counsel for the p r i. soners, in their behalf, praying him to interpose his authority for enforcing the decision of the Court; But, after consideration, it was deemed inexpedient to present it, in the present stage of the case. It was also, after consultation with the friends of the Board, and of the Indians, in Congress, deemed inexpedient to petition that body on the subject during their last session The case will probably be brought before the Supreme Court again at their next term, when they will take such measures as, in their wisdom they shall think best, for enforcing their deck sion. It must be left to Providence to decide bow this painful business shall terminate, and what shall be its influence on the Indians, and on our own government and country. In the meantime, the Missionaries and their bereaved families are earnestly commended to the contin. ued prayers of the members of the Board, and its patrons, and to the merciful care of the Great. Head of the Church. “During the year, Messrs. Worcester and Butler, while separated from their beloved sum. ilies and labours, condemned to an ignominious punishment, and shut up in a Penitentiary with fe lons, have been placed in a most trying situation, requiring great fortitude, and a firm reliance on the faithfulness of their covenant with their God and Saviour. They have without doubt, shared largely in the sympathies and prayers of the churches throughout the land, especially of the ' Christian Cherokees, and it ought to be a cause of devout thanksgiving in their behalf that they have been so fully satisfied as to their duty, have possessed so much contentment and peace of mind, and enjoyed so many manifestations of • the divine presence and favor, and have so muck spiritual enjoyment. Nor should it he noticed with less gratitude, that they have been enabled so well to maintain the Christian character, and to exhibit, in all the trials and sufferings to which they have been subjected by the officers of the slate of Georgia, that meekness and benevolent forbearance which the Gospel requires. It is believed that in all their correspondence there has not been one word which indicates an an gry, unforgiving, or vindictive spirit. “ It is due to Charles E. Mills, Esq. keeper of the Penitentiary, to mention, that Messrs. Wor cester and Butler, as prisoners, have been treated with great kindness. Their tasks have not been severe. They have been allowed to sec their friends & to correspond with them as freely as the regulations of a prison could be expected to per mit, and every indulgence seems to have been granted them which could be expected in such cir cumstances, for promoting their personal com fort. “Their health during most of the year hn» been good. Mrs. Worcester and Mrs. Butler visited the prison last fall, and had an interview with their husbands, and were expecting to re peat the visit the present autumn. They have daily read the Scriptures and prayed with the prisoners confined in the same building with themselves, with much religious conversation. They have also had stated religious services on the Sabbath, and during the last four or six months, all the prisoners have been assembled, and Mr. Worcester has been requested by Judge Mills, the keeper, to preach to them one half of the day. A spirit of inquiry has, to some ex tent, been awakened among the prisoners. A number have broken off their inequities, tempo rarily at least, and a few, it is hoped, have been savingly and permanently benefited.” “ According to the laws of the state of Geor gia, surveyors have been sent into the Cherokee country ; the division of it into lots is now near ly completed, and the Lottery by which these tracts are to be distributed among the citizens of Georgia, is to he drawn about this time. — Much effort has been made during the year to induce the Cherokees to enrol as emigrants, and the places of all such as have been enrolled, have been rented or sold to white men who are filling the country. The Cherokees have gene rally been very much united, and notwithstand ing they have been so harassed and distressed, they have still almost unanimously resolved not to remove, until driven from their country by force. Recently, when an Agent of the Go vernment appeared in their Council, and pro posed to them to meet Commissioners for the pur pose of making a treaty for ceding their lands, they unanimosly rejected the proposal without debate. It is said, however, the people are be coming somewhat divided—some, after having their wrongs and grievances laid before the peo ple of the United States without redress, and de spairing of being reinstated in their rights, sup posing that ultimate removal will bo unavoida ble, and that it is expedient for them to make the best terms they can, without protracting a wasting and unsuccessful opposiotion. The great body of the people, however, it is believ ed, including most of their intelligent and influ ential men, are still determined to test the ques tion fully, whether they can obtain a redress of their wrongs, and be reinstated in the rights anu immunities which they formerly enjoyed, and which have been guaranteed to them and their posterity by numerous treaties, by the Govern-, ment and the people of the United States.” THE JOURN AL, AND HISTORY OF THE TIMES. The first number of this publication will make its appearance in Milledgeville, in the course of the next week. Gentlemen holding subscription papers, will please return them im mediately addressed to M. I). J. Slade, at that place. , All letters and communications intende for the Macon Advertiser, are also requi . e cG° be addressed as above, during the session Wt the Legislature. A Job Office will be continued in Macon, at the Advertiser Office, where all Job Printing will be done with neatness and despatch. To our Patrons. —After the present number of our paper, we shall regularly issue it thrice a week until the first of January. In ing our new paper at Milledgeville into suoevssia! operation, the Macon Advertiser will appear un der more favorable and interesting auspices thafl