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• <u> lUrtiiln o)uiuiclc\~.!jcii Juicl. fj W * F?™ l -!- 1 - 1 .. ji ■ii wr ■ mmii iimemmmm * WILLIAM E. JONES. AUGUSTA, Ga. TUESDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 18, 1838. Voi. 11.-No 132 f— - - PUBLISHED DAILY, TRI-WEEKLY, AND WEEKLY, At No. Broad-street. terms: Lilly paper, Ten Dollars per annum, in advance. Tri-wce'dy paper, at Six Dollars in advance, or Seven at the end of the year. Weekly paper, Three Dollars in advance, or Four at the end of the year. ' ClllloNl'JLtf AND SLiNTIN L. A~U G U S T A • . MONDAY M IRNING, DEC UMBRA 17. A letter received in this city from Millcdgcvillc, Btates that the bill increasing the capital Stock of tti-j Georgia Insurance & Trust Company to two > millions of dollars, had passed tire Senate aftc., striking out the clau re granting banking pi ivileges. The bill increasing the capital slock oft nc Con k tral Rail Road & Ranking Company Ims been rc ■ jectetl finally—yeas 30 nays 43. A bill appropriating three millions of dollars 1 for the continuance and completion ot the Wes- I tern and Atlantic Rail Road by the State has been I rejected in the House, Yeas 74 Nays I)3—M c I know nothing of the provisi ns in detail,ol this bill. — From France. The packet ship Duchess d’Orlcan amved at New-York, on the night of the 18th from Havre, whence she sailed on the 31st October, flic news by her is no later than previously received. JLoigslalurc. Tiro Legislature of this State has been spend ing some days in the vain and unprofitable busi lyoss of discussing resolutions in relation to a National Bank and the Sub-Treasury. It is to be regretted that of late years the Legislatures of nearly all the States have become mere political machines to he managed by designing demagogues for party purposes. Instead of attending as they should, to the proper business of Legislation they convert themselves into political mucuses, and affect to decide upon the most abstruse ques tions of national politics and finance. Who cares a fig for the opinions of the Georgia Legislature upon the currency question, except political as pirants who hope to make use of those opinions for ephemeral benefits to their party I Os what value is it to the people of Rabun or Murray, or Baker or Dooly or any other county, for their rep. resentatives to resolve and re-rcsolvc this or that in relation to the national currency, upon which subject they are confessedly ignorant 1 Many are the men that go to the Legislature, who can not answer the plainest questions in relation to the Geography of their own country, or its pro. ductions or its commerce, or even of the organi -1 zation and form of its government, and yet who affect as Legislators to pass judgment upon ques tions which have puzzled and confounded the wisest statesmen and most profound philoso phers of every country, and their opinions arc trumpeted to the world as the ‘ voice of the people” to operate upon the relative condition of political parties in the Union ! Why are they not attending to their appropriate business—pass ing wholesome laws for the benefit of society— digesting and carrying out plans for the education and instruction of the thousands of children who are raising up in ignorance-making wholesome ap propriations for internal improvements which are to benefit every section of the State—passing laws for the encouragement and improvement of our languishing agriculture—enquiring into and de veloping the resources of our State, her capacities or commerce, manufactures and lire various bran ches of industry by which our people arc to be blessed with independence, plenty, comfort and happiness ! We repeat why arc they not atten ding to these things instead of making Jack-Asses of themselves and political dredging machines of their constituents 1 Verily it is time the people should take these matters into their own hands’ and resolve to send no longer to the Legislature’ men who make a mock of their proper business and devote their whole time to political discus sions of ephemeral party topics. We extract the following remarks from the Mil lertgevillc Correspondent of the Constitutionalist, under date of Dec. 12. They aremaae in reference to the debate on the bill to increase the capital stock of the Central Rail Road and Banking Company. “If I was well pleased with the speeches of se veral of the members, 1 regret 1 have to s.iy, that the remarks of some other members, confirm me in the opinion I have already expressed, that the banking system is not well understood by a large portion of our citizens, and bank operations are much less so. As long as this knowledge is not acquired, Icgis ation upon banks, bank operations, and the cnr.cncy, which is so intimately connected wifi bai k operations, must inevitably be produc t ve, i i m; ny instances, of serious injury to the agricultural and commercia interests of the State.” Now is it not a little singular that the same wri ter who here expresses his opinions so candidly,and so correctly, of the ignorance of the Legislature upon Bank operations and the currency, should be so zealous in urging that bo Jy to pass decisive reso lutions upon the question of a National Bank and National currency ? We put the question to the candor of that writer, who, we are sure, will sec these remarks.—ls the Legislature is not sufficiently well informed in re ation to the Banking opera tions and domestic currency of the State, to legis late upon them correctly, how can it be expected that they are sufficiently informed upon the ques ' tion of National currency, to express opinions upon that subject, which should command our respect ? /■ Globe of the 11 th, announces the merit, by ami with the advice and consent of the Senate, of Benjamin F. Butler, late Attorney General of the United States, Attorney of the United States for the southern district of New A ork, in the place of Win. M. Price, removed. The steamboat Constitution, on Lake Eric, lias been taken into the service l of the United Staler government. BHiMnBanMHHHMMmRaMMnHMMnMaMi Highly Important from Canada. Extras from the office of the Cleveland (Ohio) Eagle and Intelligencer, contains the following highly important intelligence, if true. Office of the Eagle, 7 Cleveland, (O.) Dec. 0. ) The following came endorse on the Western way-bill from Sandusky. It may ho true. ‘ Intelligence has just reached here that the Patriots have crossed over and taken Malden.— There was great slaughter on both sides. The Patriots took 175 of the British regulars prison ers.” Office of the Intelligencer, ? Cleveland, (Ohio) Dec. 0. S A gentleman who came in the Western stage confirms, in a measure, the above intelligence.— Before leaving Toledo, information hid been re ceive 1 at that place, staling the Patriots had crossed over at the river St. Clair, and on Sunday night to ok possession of the Fort. The burning of some of the housrs was the signal for the com mencement of hostilities, when the descent upon the town was made, while a portion of the loyal ists were engaged in extinguishing the flames.— Our informant states there was groat destruction a uong the rc .1 coat negroes.” The steamer Platte, from St. Louis, for Now Orleans, struck a snag on the 2d inst., 15 miles below that, city, mi l sunk in nine feet of water. Her cargo consisted of Pork, which was thought would he saved, but the boat will he a total loss. The passengers and crew escaped without injury. From Harrisburg. Advices from Harrisburg, have been received to the 10th inst., which states that tho Senate had mot, and transacted business on that day. The House was still divided, and the Sheri)!', with his posse, was there for the purpose of maintaining order. The military did not enter tho capitol. The correspondent of the Philadelphia Morning Star, writing on Sunday the 9th inst., says:— “There is great excitement here. To-morrow both Houses will meet, when will come on the crisis. What the event will he no one can now toll. lam fearful, and not without cause. Our friends will not, cannot retract —for if they do, all civil liberty may be considered at at end, as a mob can at any time hereafter rule this Common wealth ; and the rebels having staked their all on this issue, will, I fear, not turn hack. I do not wish our friends to yield, I would prefer blood. But the shedding of blood is awful; and there fore every effirt consistent with duty and honor will lie made to prevent it. And yet, it is impres sed on my mind that blood will he shod.” A letter from Montevideo received at New York under date of the 14th of October, states that no" counts had juat been received from Buenos Ayres announcing the intelligence that the differences between that Government and Franco would re sult in war ; tire effect of which would no doubt be a speedy settlement of the disturbances and troubles in the province. The legislature of Vermont has just passed an act, authorizing a bounty of 20 cents per pound for Cocoons, 20 cents for each pound of raw silk, and 20 cents per pound for sowing silk, all to be the native product of the state. Raw silk it is said can be raised at about $1 75 per pound and ton pounds of cocoons will make a pound of raw silk. The premiums on the cocoons and the raw material will pay well for the cost of production, and leave the silk a matter of clear gain. Raw silk is worth from $3 to $5 per pound. Flour was selling at Cincinnati on the 3d inst. at £6 per barrel. Gkoroia Surah.—A specimen of Sugar, made by Thomas Dover, Esq., of Dover Hall, Glynn county, has been sent us by a friend. It is a beautiful sample of that article, comparing advantageously with any sugars we have ever seen. It is of a very light brown, dry and chrys talized in large sparkling grains. It is highly creditable to Mr. Dover as a sugar planter, he has planted in Glynn a long time, but we do not know how long it is since he turned his attention to lire cultivation of the cane.— Sav. Gear, From the Baltimore American, Lee. 13. From Harrisburg. The presence of the military at Harrisburg seems to have had the effect of securing order and decorum in the Legislative halls of the capitol.— The order of Maj. Gen. Patterson, which we pub lished yesterday, forbidding the entrance of any man in uniform into the enclosure of the capitol, was strictly enforced, while on the other hand, no disposition to create disorder within the hail seems to have boon manifested on the part of the spectators in the galleries. It will he seen by the annexed report of pro ceedings, contained in a slip from the Harrisburg Intelligencer, that Mr. Penrose, tho Speaker of the Senate, appeared in that body on Monday, and it is stated that “ its business was transact ed with great calmness, dignity and forbearance, on the part of all.” Another letter states that Mr. McCahan of Philadelphia, had been arrested at Harrisburg, whither lie had returned in uniform, and had given bail. Later from Harrisburg. The intelligence brought by last nights cars from \ ork is to the following purport: Nothing ot importance occurred on Tuesday at Harrisburg—tilings remaining exactly in statu quo. The returns respecting the Constitution were read according to law on Tuesday, and the official votes showed a majority for the amended instru ment of 1212. The Senate transacted business as usual. The \ an Burcn or “ Hopkins” House of Rep resentatives met in the hall of the House, and did some business. The Anti-Van Buren or “ Cun ningham” House met in the Supreme Court room. No steps were taken on Tuesday towards the V election of aU. S. Senator. The volunteers were still at Harrisburg, Haiihismuuo, Dec. 11th. Reinforcements. Several companies, we understand from York and Cumberland are quartered on the opposite t bank of the river, not being able to obtain lodgings in town. The volunteers who are hero we believe arc quartered in the arsenal, the exchange, the court house, the Lancastorian school heu-e and the Presbyterian church. It is expected that large rc iiiforcoinciits will be here tomorrow. (. itizeus are .flocking from all quarters, so that in the course ot a week wo presume there will be from twenty to fifty thousand persons here.— Keystone, In tho Van Burcn division of the House on the 10th, Mr. Hopkins (Spc ikor of the House) ro,:e and staled, Inal ho would take this occasion to remark not, however, that, he had any thing official to communicate to the House—that on this morn i.ig, he was ca led upon by a gentleman who was a personal friend of his,'and informed that the Governor desired to have an interview with him. He according proceeded to the dwelling of Go vernor Ritncr, when that gentleman informed him that he desired to say to him, that the troops brought hero under his (the Governor's) requisi tion, had received his express order that no sol dier, either armed or unarmed, would he permit ted to enter within the walls which surrounded the Capitol, unless under the requisition of the Legislature,oreither branch thereof. Tho Governor had informed him, further, that there was no intention, on his part, to dispossess any representative of the people of his place, mid that it was not his intention to interfere in tho re motest degree, with the rights of the members of the Legislature, in tho performance of their du ties. The Governor had also assured him, that he had not. made any communication to either branch of the Legislature, nor would he, until he was of ficially informed that the Legislature was proper ly organized, and .he (Mr. Hopkins) had informed the Governor that he would stale these facts to clh body over which he presided. From the N. Y. Courier Enquirer, Lee. 12. Latest from the Prctfic. Extract from a letter dated Valparaiso, Sept. 1838; received by the “Philip Hone.” “On the 21st August, tho Chillians entered Lima after defeating the Peruvians at the entrance of that city. General Ohregozo with about 600 cavalry lied to Zurin, twenty miles from Lima, and Nieto retreated to the Castle of Callao, with about 700 mou, where ho was deposed by his troops, who declared in favor of General Santa Cruz. There were at. last dates in tho Castle about 1200 men, and should the Chillians not succeed in defeating them, their situation will he very precarious, as General Santa Cruz was said to he within twenty days march of Lima with 9000 men. It is impossible to form any opinion of the result, of the expo Ution. Most persons be lieve the Chili army wi 1 he entirely destroyed.” From the Natchez Courier, Lee. S. Ths Cotton Crop. We will give next week from that invaluable commercial Journal, the New Orleans Bulletin, an able estimate of the Cotton crop for the pre sent year, in the Cotton growing region of the United States, and an accurate expose of the causes that have contributed to its deficiency. Wo have, however, good evidences derived from the most authentic sources, for slating that our neighbors of the Bulletin have estimated the amount of bales produced in the valley of the Mississippi too much by 60,000 bales; for Vir ginia and North Carolina too much by 10,000, and for South Alabama too much by 20,000. The allowance for North Alabama and Tennes see is too little by 20,001) bales. So that the ac tual crop of the United Stales will not in all ex ceed 1,335,000 bales, instead of 1,393,000 which is the Bulletin's estimate. / from the N. Y. Journal Commerce, Dec. 11.\ Mil. PlllCE, THE LATE DISTRICT ATTORNEY, The solicitor to the Treasury having written to tile Collector to request that lie and tho United Slates Marshal, for this District, would examine Mr. Price’s accounts with the Government, these gentlemen have accordingly commenced examin ing them. Tho defalcations already ascertained __ amount to between §40,000 and §50.000. From the Baltimore American. Preceding* in Congress. Washington, Dec. 12. HOUSE OF HE I’RESENT ATI VKB. As soon as the Journal was read, Mr. Wise asked leave to have tiie statement lie made yester day,—ih'il he positioel;/ refused to vole, and no power should make 'him, —recorded upon the Journals. The Speaker put the request to the House, and a majority refused to have tiie statement recorded. Mr. Wise then asked if the request he had just made would he recorded. 'J he Speaker answered affirmatively. The vole was about to he taken upon the se cond Resolution, when Mr. Biddle asked to hecxcused from voting, and proceeded to give his reasons under the 30th rule of tho House. 1 he Speaker called him to order several times, and he took his seat, alter expressing the belief that the Resolutions had been introduced for tho worst of party purposes. The second Resolution was then read by the clerk. Resolved, That petitions for the abolition of Slavery in the District of Columbia and the Ter ritories of the United States, and against the re moval of slaves from one State to another, are a part of a plan of operations set on foot to affect the institution of Slavery in the several States and thus indirectly to destroy that institution within their several limits. Tho ayes and noes having licen culled, the Res olution was adopted by ayes 136, noes 65. The third Resolution was then called up, and a division asked upon the Resolution. A vote was then taken upon the following sentence by ayes and noes: Resolved, That Congress has no right to do that indirectly which it cannot do directly. I he novelty of this proposition standing alone excited some interest in the House, and when Mr. Adams’s negative answer was uttered in a loud clear voice, it excited some signs of merriment. The proposition was carried, ayes 173, noes 30. [Mr. i homson of 8. C. asked to he excused from voting on the third Resolution. It contain ed matter that, in his opinion, Congress hud no right to consider, flic House refused to excuse him.] The remaining part of the third Resolution was then adopted by the following vote, Ayes 164, Noes 39. [Before the vote was taken, Mr. Wise suggest ed whether the Resolution was not capable of two construct! ms, altogethcrdiffering from each other.] Ihe Speaker thought not; hut whether so or not, the Resolution was to be voted for as it was. The fourth Resolution was then divided, and the first branch adopted. VV hen the name of Mr. Kennedy was called, he rose and said that he protested against the whole form of the Resolutions, but would vote in the affirmative. He was called to order. The following is the division : j Resolved, That the Constitution reals upon the broad principle of equality among tlio members of this confederacy. ■This braneh was adopted, ayes 180, nocs 23. llii' remainder ot the Resolution was then ' adopted, ayes 151, noes 20. Ihe tilth Resolution, whieh is as follows, was then divided, the first division ending with “the jurisdiction of Congress.” 1 h'.mitred, therefore, that all attempts on the 1 part of Congress to abolish Slavery in the Dis- L tvicl ol Columbia, or the Territories, or to prohibit ! the removal of Slaves from Slate to State, or to discriminate between tlie Constitutions of one portion ot the Contedcraey and another, with the views aforesaid, are in violation of the CiTnstitu tional principles On whieh the Union of these , States rests, and beyond the jurisdiction of Con- !, Stress; and that every petition, memorial, rcsolu ti m, proposition or paper, touching or relating, in any way or to any extent whatever, to Slavery I as aforesaid, or the abolition thereof, shall on the 1 presentation thereof, without, any further action ‘ thereon, he laid on the table without printing, read- 4 ing. debate or reference. The vote upon the first branch was 104 aves, * to 52 noes. ‘ AV hen the vote had been declared upon this branch ol the Resolution, a motion was made to lay upon the table the second branch —beginning ' with “and that every petition, memorial, resold- 1 lion, &c. The ayes and nocs were ordered, and the vote 1 stood uyes 85, nocs 130, and so this part of the resolution was not laid upon the table. ihe second brunch ot the Resolution then came up. Messrs. Chambers and Pope asked to be,-ex cused from voting, but the House refused pennis- ' sion. Mr. Jenifer of Maryland contended that this branch of the resolution, as presented, would al low of the reception of petitions praying for the Abolition of Slavery in the Slates. The second branch of the Resolution was adopted in spite of all opposition—Ayes 126; Noes 78. After the vole was declared, Mr. Kennedy asked leave, to introduce a resolution upon the subject matter which had just boon before the House. The following is a copy as offered. Resolved, That the Constitution rests upon the broad principle of equality among the members of this Confederacy, and that Congress, in the exercise of its acknowledged powers, has no right to discriminate between one portion of the States and another, with a view to abolishing the Insti tutions ol one or promote those of the other. Objections being made to the reception of this Resolution. Mr. Kennedy moved that, the rules of the House he suspended, pending which amotion was made and carried to adjourn. From Ihc Mobile Commercial Advertiser, Dec. 11. City News, Mahkkt&c.—Since our last re port, the intelligence from the interior of the fa vorable state of our rivers for navigation, has boon fully confirmed by the arrival at our wharves of several bbats with full freights of cotton, adding to our stock since Sunday evening, fully 4060 halos. Thq operations in cotton the last two days have reached 2000 hales per d ly at steady prices the market presenting a firm and sailed charac ter, without change from oil!' list quotations — a large proportion of sales being of fair to good fair at 12 to 13e.; strictly fair in less demand—very little inferior or ordinary in market—the qualify generally averaging far better than last season. On comparing our present quotations with those of last year at the same date, we find prices rule 2i cents higher in good fair and fine—and 2 cents in all descriptions below, now, than at that time. A more general activity in business, is appa rent this week throughout our city, than lias been observable heretofore, and a steady demand for all kinds of merchandize prevails, to meet which there is an ample stock us yet, though without furthersupplicsfrom the West, produce mustsoon heroine scarce, and an advance occur upon pre .■> sent high prices, the prospect for which is any thing hut encouraging the accounts from the Ohio indicating a probability that, the river will soon close with ice, without warm weather and a rise, speedily occur; it is already .eported closed as low down as Steubenville, and at Cincinnati and Louisville, in a falling condition, whieh, without a rise, navigation must soon he interrup ted from that cause, ft has seldom occurred, however, that the river became closed with ice so early in the season, and not more than two seasons in five, has it been frozen at all, so as seriously to obstruct navigation, and then, not usually exceed ing six weeks. The great inconvenience to which we are sub jected, from being in so groat a degree dependent upon the Western States for articles of necessity and consumption, should serve as an inducement toonr planters, to apply a part of their force, to their cultivation, and as an incentive to render themselves independent of all the contingencies growing out of our reliance upon them for sup plies, and the enormously high prices they are ob liged to pay, should stimulate them to such a course upon the score of economy. GiiV.at IJiiiTAi v ami Mexico,— The British Minister to Mexico, Mr. Packcnhara, sailed from England or. the 2Uth nit. in the Pique, frigate, tr touch at Halifax, and thence proceed to Mexico. It is staled that Mr. Packcnham is the bearer ol instructions with reference to the disputes between France and Mexico, and that he is invested witli the requisite powers to mediate between the two parties. The British Government had further in structed Sir Charles Paget to proceed with a na val force from the mouth of the St. Lawrence to the coast ot Mexico, to render any protection to British interests that circumstances might require. This force was seen on the 7th inst. in the Gulf, steering for Vera Cruz. From the Mobile Commercial Adv. A Pin, ron the Aholitiomsth.—We. give below an extract from a letlter written by a very intelligent gentleman, now residing on the island of Jamaica, to his friend in this city. All the ac counts from the Islands, where the emancipation law is in operation confirm the statements em braced in this letter. Not long since wo were conversing with an in telligent master of a vessel, who had recently been at one of their ports, and he informed ns that the crew getting sick, he was obliged to employ the negroes of the island, in the discharge of his ves sel, and that he was detained a much longer lime than was necessary, in consequence of 1 icing obliged to employ a new set every day, as one clay’s 1 ihor would give them the means of support ing themselves in idleness and drunkenness for a week, which universally followed their obtaining money. He further assured us, that he had been at tiic Island every year for several years past and that they had steadily retrograded, under the ef fect of the emancipation law. Extract of a letter, dated Kingston, Jamaica, Oct. 27, 1838. “Vou wish mo to let you know how the eman cipation works in our Lland. All I have to say i I- I on the subject, is, that the island is totally mined. “Emancipation, instead of improving the poor wretches, has actually caused them to retrograde almost to a slate of Barbarism, thriving, murder, and every other crime are on the increase. “I wish you to make this state of our affairs public in your part of the world, so us to slop the months of these friend* of freedom—at go, friends ol spoliation, those who in pretending to serve the negro rare are the cause of distress and poverty to the whites, and most miserable degradation ol the blacks.” From Ihc National Gazelle. A'mm in Bilk—Ceil the cultivation of silk ho profitably carried on in the United Hlnti s ! Such is tho question Hint is almost daily asked hy those who see that in engaging therein the peoph ol this country, in which wages are higher than in any . other ol the world must compote with Rios, ol India, in which wages are lower than in any other pint ; and uj It is a matter of some impor tance to come to a right conclusion, we deem it not amiss to offer to our readers a few remarks fur their consideration. 1 ho reason why tho money price of labor is high in the United States is, that it is aided to so great an extent by capital, skill and intelligence ; and therefore produces a large quantity of the commodities for which other nations are willing to give gold and silver; and th- reason why its Price is low ii: Win and France is, that there is an absence ol capital, skill and in'e.lligence, mu! the laborer produces a very small quantity of com modities to ho exchanged with other nations for tho precious metals. Ho do not pay a mechanic or a laborer hi gh wages because he chouses to de mand them, hut because we know that we can obtain from him in return some commodity that we ran exchange with others for the price that we have paid, and with a profit us compensation for our trouble. In those countries in which tho money price ol labor is high, the capitalist is enabled to live well and rapidly to increase. Ins means, as in Eng land and in tho United States, In those in which it is low, the capitalist, cannot live so well, nor is there so rapid an increase of capital. .Such is the case in India and in France. To the capitalist, therefore, the labor ofthe United Stales and Eng land is cheap, although he pays a high price for it, because it yields largely ; while th it of France and India is dear, although low priced, because it yields so little. In confirmation of this view wo will now call attention to the fact, that in tho manufacture of cotton and iu th ’ sailing of ships, wc care noth ing lor the competition o£ India, or ofthe. nations on tho Baltic, where labor is low priced and un productive, hut wc do rare for (ho competi tion of England, whoso labor is almost ns high priced ns our own; and England looks with mare anxiety to our competition in every department ol industry, than to that of any other nation of the world, n Illicit gh our Libor is so much higher priced than her own. Our competitors in the production of cotton arc the people ol India and Egypt, Ihc two countries in which labor is the. lowc I priced, vet there is in fact hardly any competition. The whaling trade is open to all tho world, yet that ofthe Uni ted States has steadily risen while that of all oth er nations Iras as steadily declined. The low priced labor ol France, or that of the, north ot Europe, cannot compete with that of Ncw-Bng l.in I, in which it is Jiigle-sf. The capitalist who pays these high wages live in affluence on the profit of his ships, while the owner of the dull ships of th'* north of Europe finds it exceedingly dilli nil to improve bis condition. The labor for which the latter pays is low priced, lint it is un productive and dear, and allows him but a small el urn for his capital. Our readers will now, we think, be satisfied that a high rate of wages presents no obstacle to prosecuting successfully tho culture of silk, in which wo may reasonably suppose that capital, skill, and intelligence will produce tho same ef fects that have been exhibited in every other de partment of production in which the people of the United States have engaged, when not driven thereto by Legislative restrictions. tSo far, indeed are the. low wages of other countries from presen ting an obstacle to its cultivation in this, that it will he </.ue to the fuel that we compete with such nations only, Halt it will for a limp tin,, he h’p/ily productive. When we undertake to compete with England in any department of pro duction, any improvement that is made is imme diately adopted by our rivals, who are thus ena bled to produce us cheaply as ourselves, and vice versa; whereas years are robuirsd for its intro duction into France, Germany and Italy, because in those countries there is little capital, and a want of that, intelligence which is required for the adop tion of improvements. If England were the great cultivator of silk, wo might he sure that she would always follow closely upon our heels, and that her product would keep pace with our own; but in competing with France, Italy and India, the case is widely different. An improvement that would pass in a year or two throughout the U. Rtales, would require twenty years for its general adoption in France, and half a century or more for its adoption in India. The cot lon pin has now her. a in usef.r nearly half a century, and yd the people of Lidia, still use a small rude hand at 11, turned hy women. I,npre Yemen's in relation to silk culture, similar in llicir effects to those of Whitney’s great invention in relation to cotton, are now, we understand, going on in the United (States; and we hazard little in saying, that as the cost of cotton and cotton manufactures has been reduced by the nations whose labor is highest in pnee, so will the cost of silk and of silken manufactures lie reduced, now that the pro duction ofthe raw material has been undertaken in a country in which labor is productive and wages arc high. We see no reason to doubt that tho same effect will bn produced in the next half century that lias been exhibited in the last, fifty years in regard to cotton, by which silk will be rendered almost ns accessible to all classes of the community ns cotton now is; u consummation most devoutly to be wished. From the World of Fashion Monthly Magazine. I.oiifion Fashion-* tor November. Pelisses will be fashionable in different materi als, as silks, satins, and plain fine merinos. Some ofthe latter made with the corsage high, and close to the shape, and closed before by a single row of gilt buttons; the sleeves are full in the centre, but confined hy a tight cuff fastened by buttons to correspond, (lilt and fancy buttons will be in request for dresses of this kind during the ensuing season. ('lonics. —There is a grand distinction made between those intended fer carriage or promenade dress, and I hose employed for evening wraps ; the majority ofthe first arc confined at the waist with cords and tassels in the pelisse style, and made as long and ample as usual. Short cloaks are most in favor with the latter. Hats and Hounds. —A decided diminution has taken place in the size of both. Nothing is more | elegant for half-dress than a velvet bonnet of a small and rather close shape something between 1 * ° 1 • I „ 1.1.. —irm a cottage anil an o| eu front; n bouquet of abort shaded feathers is placed on one side, and a few small flowers, sometimes intermixed villi blond lace, and sometimes not, decorate the interior us the brim. F-mvl Mantlt If \—The velvet and satin shawls mo much in favor last year have been again revived, v illi chenille, fur and him k luce trimming, hut the novelty ol the moment, the shawl p-or excel lence, is the shawl mantle; it is of the usual form, hut disposed in front on each side in folds, in such a manner as to supply the place of sleeves. Evening Hats are now composed of either vel vet or Terry velvet, shallow in fionl, and wide at the sides ; they arc always ornamented with os trich feathers; either plain or shaded, hut the lat ter are preferred. M A RlUtl D, On Wednesday, the 13th inst. by (he Pov. ,1. L. •honks, Mr. James (lau.ac.mer, to Miss Mary, daughter of Mr. Mark Lamar, all of J'cach Island, « H. 0. ’ commercial* Savannah, Dec 15. Colton. —Arrived since the 7th inst. 7596 hale* Upland and 40 bales S. I. Cotton, and cleared at the same time, 5702 bales I'pliird and 30 hales S. I. ( ot ton; leaving a stock on hand, inclusive of all on ship board not cleared, on the 11th inst. of 21,848 bales I plain) and 83 I n'rs t ea Is'nnd. The demand for Dph.nd noticed in nur last report has been since continued, and a further advance in prices of 3 cent per lb. established. The sales amount to 7012 ba’csfroni 10 Jo 13J, and about 300 bales at prices not transpiicil. The quantity of Sea Island in market is very limited, and the few bags occasionally arriving are eagerly purchased at 36 a 54 cents. (.’haiu.eston, Dec. 15. Cotton —There has been ipiitc an extensile bu siness clone this week in the Upland Cotton market, on a very slender stork t operations have tome for ward freely, and the middling qualities have chang ed hands at an advance of J a rent per lb. on former quotations. Very little is at this time coming forward mid the present stock is far from being sufficient to supply the demand. The sales comprise 9232 bags at 0$ to 1 3$ per lb. lIAI.TniORE, Dec. 11. Flour —Purchasers odor to buy Howard-strect Flour freely, at $9 per barrel, hut dealers arc not willing to sell at that puce, and are generally ask ing s''.l2/,. Calcs of small parcels have hocn made at. this last named rrte, and of larger parcels at SS,O6'. The wagon price is uniform at *7.87 j. hales of * ity Mills Flour yestciclay at ■58,25, on time with ii West added ; aiid also at. $8.125. We bedieve, hci’.vver, that in the present state of the money market, parcels could be had for less, for cash. Hyc Flour is scarce at $0.50. Grain —Foies of the I est red Wheats have been inado at $1,70 a $1,72, whic h is a dec inc of 2 or 3 cts.from the highest range of last week. Wheats arc brisk, and wou cl have comm ucled as high rates as last week, but for t'.e tightness of the money market. Wh'.*ko\t —Hilda, arc dull at 41 rents. We quote bh's. from stores at 431, a4l cts. '1 lie wagon price is 40 cents, exclusive 0, the barrel. Havre, Cetoher 37. The enquiry for cotton was very animated cm the 25th inst., 500 ha cs having I ecu t.i 1 on at a further improvement, end our rales arc now tu !y (J a 7c. higher than at the close of last week. 5 eUcrday, the transactions were trifling, folders having raised their pretensions, and only x to bale s were reported. To-day 950 bales Avcre quoted at iti.V pikes. The accounts received this inoinin .'per Emerald, packe t ship of the Bth, inspire still further ronti clenco, and we look for a fair business next week. The stock to-day is estimated at about is, 1,0(1 of all sorts. ' " ■ "■ ™ ” u. > PRESENTMENTS. Ilurkc County, Georgia. The Grand Jury of Uurke county, lor Novem ber Term, 1838, present the roads generally, as being in a condition disgraceful to the County, and we ascribe it, entirely to the fact of the pas sage of that unfortunate law of the Legislature of 1830, assessing a Knud Tax in this County, a law utterly inefficient in itself, while it throws many obstructions in the way of a healthful operation of the old system, which nothing but ils own repeal run remove. We, therefore, rc commcnd to our present Senator and Represen tatives to have said act repealed. Information having hern received that there is now a petition before the Legislature, praying the annexation of a portion of the 65th District of this County to Richmond, we take- this occa sion to express our decided disapprobation of the measure, and we respectfully request our Senator and Representatives to use their best efforts to defeat the object of that petition. We have carefully examined the Insolvent list presented liy the Tax Collector, and ulloav him Fifty Dollars Eighty-three cents, as not recover able. We have examined the office of (bo Clerk of Superior and Inferior Court, mid that of tho Clerk of the Court of Ordinary, and find them kept in a manner which reflects the highest cre dit upon the present incumbents. In conclusion we return our thanks to his Honor Judge Shly, for the courteous consideration extended to our hotly, and to the Attorney General, for his prompt and polite attention. We request that the above lie published in the Chronicle and Sentinel. Alex. Carswell, foreman, E/.ekiei Williams, James Grubbs, AndrcAv Carson, William 15. Green, Dury Corker, Ewurd Hatcher, Isaac I. Heath, William Lasseter, Alton Pemberton, Jesse P. Green, William E. Evans, Everett Sapp, Jno. M. Jones, William Mulkcy, Benj. D. Hill, Ed mund 11. Gresham, Green Bell, Jas. H. Royal, Jacob Evans. dec 17 •a, Twenty Dollars Reward • /JTjjpl Runaway (roin the subscriber, about a ffFli month tinge, a mgro girl by I lie unmo /£ Vft of ApliOUhinc, likely, and abuiil six •'■AtVh ,e,, ‘ y uarH °l age. The above reward will lie paid lor ber apprehension and delivery to J. P. SETZE. on 27 trwtf JIVI itlT ROWLAND'S ’ Fire Proof Ware House, Augusta Geo. riXHE undersigned grateful for ib • (inrn so X liberally extended to ibem by the public «iico they liave been in dm H are House and I loininissimi business, beg leave 10 iidunn I heir friends thal Liny ' eimlmue 10 transact the same at their old stand where business aa ill meet the same prompt attention ns heretofore. All orders lor the sale of cotton will have the greatest possible e ire, and orders lor Rag ging or other articles o( merchandise avill be filed on the best terms our marker will afford; but not tiav iug an interest in any uli lusale grocery or oilier goods establishment, we shall liny Irotu those a\ lot sell cheapest and charge the regular commission (or purchasing, ialiicb «o Must will be to llm cm no satisfiiclioo ofour customers. Wan required, nd varices va iil he made on produce in store, and all the 1 sun I fncili ies given 10 our friends I lint aro ten crnllv given by regular Commi sion Ifuusos. on 3 lIAIRD &. RUWL, ND Kr Each of the city pejarfs will prudish I lie above once a Aveek mi - il Ist January next 11 &U. (tl.nT)l CL()AKB. —Ladies’ mil (lec.llcmcn’s J Cloth Cloaks, of superior qualities, and made I in the best manner, just received and for sale low by nov 24 wJttnvtLlmar J. D. CRANE U Co.