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6 THE SOtHHERN WORLD, MARCH 15,1882. Manufacturing In Atlanta. On the hillside beyond Oakland Cemetery, where twenty years ago, two mighty armies were using their most strenuous exertions to tear down and devastate this country, there is, to-day, in course of erection and near a completion, an industry that will in a short time, more than remedy ail the evils these two armies did. It is the Fulton cotton spinning company, morcfamilinrly known, however, in Atlanta, us Elsas, May & Co.’s cotton factory. The building as it now stands, is 160x203 feet and has n capacity of 7,000 spindles. The roof covers just one acre of ground, and at the same time is one of the most thoroughly constructed buildings in the South. The building Is two stories high and is arranged with a view to security from accidents of all kinds. In the lower or basement floor is all the shafting, and the machinery on the floor above receives its power from below. Be sides being used for shafting, this basement floor will be utilized as a storage room, and some future day, when the demands upon the factory nrc large enough, the weaving department will be brought from above and placed on this floor. Halfway between these two floors, are the engine and boiler rooms, which are separate. The motive power is supplied by a Babcock & Wilcox water tube boiler of the latest style and most modern improvement. In its construction it is so arranged that there is no possibility of an accident. There are two “floors” within. Upon one floor the fuel is ignited and after being thoroughly fired is transferred by a simple twist of the wrist to a second “floor” or grate, where it is entirely consumed and in its consumption all of the carbon disap pears. Adjoining this room is a fine, large Wheel- ock engine, which works with safety and ease. It is a 160 horse-power and is a cut-off, non-conducting engine. The receiving and exhaust pipe are connected with the engine from below, and take up little or no room. The register of the steam is an unique affair. It is a combination of a clock, a steam guage and a counter, by which the number of revolutions made in a day, week, month, or year, can be easily ascertained. The drive wheel has a thirty-inch belt and is twenty feet In diameter. Just outside of this engine room and with in a few feet, is an immense water tower fifty feet high, with a capacity for 20,000 gallons of water. The floor upon which the machinery is located is 150x203 feet and is seventeen feet high. The roof is a truss roof with monitor lights, and there arc 50,000 feet of glass in one room. One large room on this floor is used for receiving and mixing cotton. Next to this room is one occupied by the picker. They are both supplied with automatic sprinklers connected with the water tank, and in one of them is a Ilabcock fire-extin guisher, besides an abundance of hose. In the large room are two sections of nine cards with two railway heads. The two railway heads take in both sections of the cards. There are twenty-two spinning frumes, and looms, etc., in abundance. Near this main building, which will even tually be made 150x406, are thirty-one neat, pretty one-story cottages for tho employes. Seven of them are intended for the bosses and twenty-six for the operatives. They are 32x38 feet, and have four and five rooms each. Every portion of the building is connect ed with the water tank, and the automatic sprinklers are abundant. The building is lighted by electricity. Operators are now employed in the build ing, but the full capacity of the factory will not be tested until the first of April, when the Fulton Cotton Spinning Company will begin converting the fleecy staple into cotton cloth. The Collar* or Milk. Silk culture is looming up as a possible and profitable industry in the South. Mr. Schelpert, at Clarkston in DeKalb county, ten miles from Atlanta, is going extensively into its culture. He will plant forty acres in tho mulberry. As a matter of interest to our readers we give the following letter pub lished in the Atlanta Constitution: Editob Atlanta Contsitution: Will you please allow us space In your columns to say a few words in regard to silk culture, a sub ject of groat importance to our people, Many years ago we had no little excite ment on silk culture, and large fortunes were made in selling trees and silkworm eggs, and since the present agitation of the subject most people believe that the present inter est is being develojKtd for the same purpose, and not only refuse to engage in it, but will not even investigate the subject. We will prove in this article that silk culture is high ly profitable, and that the present interest is not being developed for the same purpose of many years ago. We will state that it is very simple and light, and a lady can attend to silk worms that will produce cocoons worth from $300 to $500 without in the least interfering with her household duties, and the time required to do this is about five weeks, beginning a- bout the first of April. Owing to the invention of improved machinery for manipulating the cocoons, manufacturers arc enabled to pay a good price for them, which makes it highly pro fitable to the producer. It is within the past few years that it has been discovered that the osage orange tree produces a fine quality of silk. We have in this country over two hundred silk mills, .and the number is rapidly in creasing, and with the fast increasing de mand for silk, are among the chief reasons why silk culture is profitable now and was not many years ago. We have had many years experience in silk culture, both in France and in this country, and we know that the South offers the best advantages of any country in the world for the culture of silk. We arc establishing at this place silk mills for the purpose of reeling silk, and our object, if possible, is to disabuse the minds of the people that the object is speculation that we agitate the subject. To show our confi dence in the profit of silk culture, we will .make this offer: To all who have either the white mulberry or osage orange, we will furnish them eggs and take our pay in part of the crop, and for the other part, will allow from $1.50 to $2.50 per pound for the cocoons. We have thousands of the osage orange in the South, and if our offer is generally ac cepted an interest of wonderful importance will be quickly deieloped. By giving this space in your columns, we think it will en able and induce a large number to engage in silk culture who would not do so if they had to buy their eggs. We could give the name of a lady not far distant from here who made over $500 last year in silk culture. 8. A. Lanier & Co., Silk Culturists and Reelers, Huntsville, Alabama. INDUSTRIAL ITEMS. A woolen mill will be started in Prattville, Ala., at an early day. During 1881, 322,034 tons of coal were mined in the State of Alabama. The Huntsville.Ala., cotton factory makes GOO hundred pounds of thread per day. The A8hoville(N. C.,) Citizen, thinks that a deposit of petroleum has been discovered near that place. Mr. .1. H. Harris reports that a deposit of good anthracite coal, has been found on the lands of Mrs. M. A. Harris, in Middle Ala bama. A steam Flouring mill is projected at Lu- ray, Va., and $ll,0<xt of the necessary $16,- 000 to inaugurate the enterprise has been subscribed. There is a tract of fifty acres of land with in two miles of Rutherfordton, N. O., on which there is said to be a large amount of magnetic iron ore. It is said that Philadelphia exhibitors at the Atlanta Cotton Exhibition, got orders for over $2,000,000 worth of goods from Southern planters. Iron or steel immersed in a solution of carbonate of potash or soda for a few min utes, will not rust for years; not even when exposed to a damp atmosphere. The use of green or damp fuel of any sort, Is very unprofitable. A large amount of the heat which it would yield if dry, fs ab sorbed and lost In the evaporation of the sap or moisture. About seventy-Ave thousand dollars has been subscribed to tho capital stock of the Pacolet manufacturing company, the mill to be built at Trough fc 8hoals, Spartanburg county, 8. C. A single plate of perforated sine about a foot square, suspended over a gas jet, is said to retain the noxious emanations from the burning gas, which it is well-known de stroys the bindings of books, tarnishes the gliding and vitiates the atmosphere for breathing. Hon. J, F. Awtry.ownsa farm of 400 acres on the Air-Line railroad, on which ia a quarry of pure carbonate of lime. It is said to be almost inexhaustible, and theonly one of the kind in Northeast Georgia. He pro poses to erect works with a capacity for forty barrels per day, at a net profit of 50cents per barrel. Here are some of the dividends declared by English cotton mills In 1881: Moorefield, 1714 per cent.; Albert, 12 per cent.; Twist, 16 per cent.; Oak, 15 per cent.; Parkside, 13 per cent.; Stanley Mills, 13 per cent.; Sun Mill Spinning Company, 12 per cent.; Royton Spinning Company, 20 per cent. To clean machinery take half an ounce of camphor, dissolve in one pound of melted lard, take off the scum and mix in as much fine blacklead as will give it an iron color. Clean the machinery and smear with this mixture. After twenty-four hours rub clean with a soft linen cloth. It will keep clean for months under ordinary circumstances. During the early part of the year 1870, Mr. W. W. Walcott, came to Griffin, and he and Mr. C. H. Osborn formed a partnership for the purpose of manufacturing cottage chairs. At first it was not intended to be done on an extensive scale, but so great was the demand for their goods, that they now manufacture about ten or twelve thousand chairs per an num. A portion of the carriage factory of Mr. Osborn, has been set apart for the bus iness, and fifteen or twenty persons nre con stantly employed by the chair firm alone. Osborn A Walcott also manufacture cottage bedsteads and other articles of household furniture, but the chair department is given more especial attention. The chairs are now sold by a large portion of the furniture trade of the State. One firm has bought from the manufacturers nearly 4,000 chairs since October last.—[Griffin (Ga.) Sun. . Last week the title papers were executed by Messrs. David'Bukofzer and H. A. Rus sell, conveying to Mr. H. H. C. Babcock an undivided one-third interest in the realty of the Cherokee manufacturing company, to gether with the appurtenances thereon situ ated. The Cherokee manufacturing company, sometimes called in Dalton the “novelty” works, is widely known throughout Georgia and elsewhere as on* of the largest estab lishments of its kind in the country. Pos sessing, as it does, the newest and most im proved machinery, it has more than held its hand with similar establishments in larger cities, and its shipments are being rapidly built up throughout the South and even west of the Mississippi. It will be gratifying to the community, and especially to the friends of Mr. Babcock, to know that he.has connected himself with the concern, and his growing popularity and well-known business sagacity, promises a continuace of the already marked prosi>er- ity of the company.—[Dalton (Ga.) Argus. A Marvelous Woman. In the town of Salisbury, N. C., a paper is published entitled the North Carolina Home Magazine, and edited by Mrs. McLaughlin. She is without doubt, a marvel of Industry and pluck. She Is a young orphan, not yet 20 years of age, with an invalid husband and widowed mother dependent in part on her labor. She sets and distributes all the type, makes up the forms, corrocts copy and does everything except locking up the form. During the past two issues, she not only did all the work on the magazine, but all the cooking, ironing and housework, and had the care of a little child beside. She is one of Earth’s heroes, and deserves not only the prayer, “God bless the little woman,” but liberal encouragement at the hands of the public who can not fail to appreciate, her efforts. * A Man of the Bight Stamp. The Grenada (Miss.) Sentinel publishes a letter from the President of a Board of County Supervisors in South Mississippi which testifies unmistakably that its writer Is a man of the right stamp. The writer says: “I have corn and bacon of my own raising—plenty to do me. I don’t owe any body any money; I have plenty of stock; I have no favors to ask of anybody but the Supreme Being, and I always bow to His will.” At the meeting of the 8tate Grange Pat rons of Husbandry of Virginia, at Alexan dria, on the 14th ult., Dr. J. M. Blanton (re elected for the fourth terra by unanimous vote) Master, in an able address, portrayed the progress of the Order with a master hand, closing in the following eloquent strain: "Standing here in this historic city, me thinks I hear a voice, which bids us God speed in our noble work. It comes from the grave of one who like us, was a Patron of Husbandry—it comes from the tomb, where a proud and manly form was laid—it comes from the dust of him who was the father of his country—it proceeds from Mount Vor- nbn, where Liberty keeps her sleepless vigil at the tomb of her favorite child—it is spoken by him who was first in war, first in peace, first in the hearts of his countrymen; and though that tongue be still and silent in the grave, yet it speaks in words more el oquent, with more force, with more signifi cance than ever proceeded from the lips of mortal man. And the words arc, ‘ United by the strong tie of agriculture,’ there is no work more noble, no work more patriotic, than to labor for the good of ourselves, onr country, and mankind.” The prosperity of the people of the South depend upon the agriculturist. It is, there fore, of moment to every citizen that he wisely plan for the future. He should not, by erroneous economy, cripple his own re sources. His failures involve us all. The independence of the farmer chiefly consists in the satisfaction of knowing that his corn cribs are sufficiently full to supply the staff of life. When this is the case, he is independent as to the market price of cot ton, if he is out of debt. The millions of dollars which are every year sent out of the State to purchase corn and other provisions had better be kept at home. It would add to the present comfort of every fannerand planter, and relieve him of the external worry about supplies for the future. True, an acre planted in corn, or sown in small grain,may hot yield as much in money as when planted in cotton. But the value of cotton varries so much, and the plant is subject to so many accidents, as to make it very unreliable, to meet the certain demands for food, which must be met at any cost, no matter how great. To the Point. " Old man ” Benson, of the Hartwell (Ga.) Sun, is a noted wag, but the following para graph indicates that there ia a great deal of solidity about him. His remarks are pun gent and pointed. “A fanner who spends the winter visiting grog-shops and the little railroad stations now in every neighborhood instead of stay ing at home,fixing up fences, hauling leaves, making manure, and getting his land in order for the next crop,cannot expect to feed himself and family on cotton option corn and bacon, and if nothing else will stop the foolishness of such fools, a good old-fashion ed famine such as they had when Joseph "chawed” his brethren in Egypt about Ben jamin’s cup, would dogood.” Carry the radiance of your soul in your face; let the world have the benefit of it. Let your cheerfulness be left for good, wher ever you are, and let your smiles be scatter- ed like sunbeams—“on the just as well as the unjust.” Such a disposition will yield you a rich reward, for its happy effects will come home to you and brighten your mo ments of thought. Smiles are the higher and better responses of nature to the einola- tion of the soul. Let the children have tne benefit of them—these little ones who need the sunshine of the heart to educate them, and would find a level for their buoyant na ture in the cheerful, loving faces of those who lead them. Let them not be kept from the middle aged, who need the encourage ment they bring. Give your smile olso to the aged. They come to them like the quiet rain of summer, making fresh and verdant the long, weary path of life. Be gentle and indulgent to all, love the true, the beautiful the just, the holy. ’ Cleaning Black Silk.—One of the things “not generally known,” at least in this coun try,is the Parisian method of cleaning black silk; the modus operandi is very simple, and the result infinitely superior to that achiev ed in any other manner. The silk must be thoroughly brushed and wiped with a cloth, then laid flat on a board or table, and well sponged with hot coffee, thoroughly freed from sediment by being strained through muslin. The silk is sponged on the side in tended to show ; it is allowed to become par tially dry,and then ironed on the wrong side. The coffee removes every particle of grease, and restores the brilliancy of silk without imparting to It either the shiny appearanceor crackly and papery stiffhess obtained by beer or, indeed, any other liquid. The silk really appears thickened by the process, and this good effect is permanent. Our readers who will experimentarize on an a'pron or cravat will never again try any other method.