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4 THE SOUTHERN WORLD, NOVEMBER 1, 1882. tpect, over any other farmer of the same means any where in the State unless it be an advantage created by the will. Almost any man having the same will can do as well on his farm as Mr. Webb is doing, and has done —chews no tobacco, never tasted intoxicants, in all respecta temperate, spends no money for vain show, squanders uselessly n'o time, and never makes a promise but to fulfil it. Uses what healtli and strength a kind Prov. idence sends, with a constant eye to bis ac countability to his God, and what genius he may have for an honest purpose. What does Mr. Webb, and how does he, more or better than may easily be done by any other? One Teason some may find farming will not pay is laziness, pure and simple. Would such find any avocation to pay ? Another is, a too frequent cessation, or intermission to the work of the farm. Can a man invest his means and time in anything that will pay if he takes a holiday whenever he can conjure up any sort of excuse? If he shall consider “Work time over” fora month or two every year and leisure and stolid in difference to business the main employment? And yet, how many men, owners as well as renters and croppers, who have no other source of income but the farm, positively do nothing but consume for as much as two whole months of the twelve. These two months constituting sixteen and two-thirds per cent, of the year, must reduce the far mer's income on that ratio. Now if he can, with this annual loss, still maintain his financial status of course with constant ap plication to business, as in the case of men who invest money and time in railroads, merchandise, etc., he would double his for tune every six years. Now brother Farmer, seriously what think you? Candidly, on your judgement, un biased by likes or dislikes, leaving out of view the idea of !• Winter’s cold and summer’s heat,” of isolation from city or town society or temptations, or the real poetry and calm dignity of rural life,— Will Farmnig pay t I f not, please call on Mr. George Webb, of De- Kalb county, and spend an hour at dinnor time. Fabmeb. Forman Hnstalned. Col. E. C. Grier, Secretary of the 8tate Ag ricultural 8ociety, with four others, visited not long since the farm of Hon. Farisli C. Furman, near Millcdgeville, and says: The farm isabout five miles from Milledge- ville, and two of the gentlemen stated that the land was worn out twenty-five years ago, and would not produce over 200 to 300 pounds of seed cotton per acre when Mr. F. began his experiments five years ago. We carefully examined the crops now on the land, and not one of the five of us put a lower estimate than C50 pounds of lint cot ton per acre, and were it not for the fact that the cotton was too much crowded and liable, to rot, a much larger yield would be made beyond a doubt. The early planted cotton was not so highly manured and did not grow so luxuriantly, consequently it bad more sun and was well matured. On the poorest acre of this early cotton 600 pounds of lint is a low estimate. Some of the land was very highly manured —over three tons of compost to the acre. On this the rows were five and a half to six feet wide and the stand fifteen inches in the drill, the cotton plants six and a half to sev en feet high, and so interlocked that they cannot bend, and unless the fall is a very dry one, we think over one-half of the ma tured bolls will rot—still a magnificent crop will be gathered. Mr. F. says that, owing to the abundance of rain, his cotton has grown beyond his expectations, and that eight by four feet would have been the proper dis tance this year. We saw cotton planted on the 7th of June —after a splendid crop of oats had been ta ken from the land—which was five to six feet high, with from twenty to forty bolls, nearly grown, on a stalk. We saw cor.i, planted afteroats, the fodder ready to pull, that would yield thirty bushels per acre. Besides being a first-class lawyer and farm er, Mr. F. is about os good a road overseer as I have met with. The road from his place to Milledgeville has been for many years one of the worst in the county, Some time ago Mr. F. applied to be appointed overseer. After dinner he drove me six miles to the train over the same road at a four minute lick. One of the most efficient railroad men, ca pable of filling any position, Col. A. B. An drews, Superintendent of the Richmond A Danville Railroad, has been appointed assist ant to the President of the road. Col. An drews will reside in Raleigh. Col. W. H. Green was made General Superintendent of the road from Richmond to Charlotte. GEOlIGIA’fl AOKtCI'I.TUBAL BUREAU. The biennial report of Hon. J. T. Hender son, Commissioner of Agriculture for Geor gia, gives some interesting facts about the consumption of fertilizers in the state. The following table shows the number of tons inspected for each of the last eight seasons: .... 46,680 ions. 75,824 •• ™......... 39,478 " .. 119,583 “ 1880-8! .. .. 152,404 •• 125, 427 1881-82 A total of 763,729 tons or an average of 94,- 210,% tons per year. The following number of tons of acid phos phates or dissolved bones were inspected dnring the past eight seasons: i87s< 6,«» tons. 1876- 7.„ 12,M2 “ 1877- 8...MM. .... 15,312 “ 1878- 9 10,291 •• 1879 80 - 18,908 “ 1880 81., 22,088 •• 1881-82 20,602 •• A total of 101,508 tons or an average of 12,- 088% tons per year. The number of brands of fertilizers in spected, analyzed and placed upon the mar ket for each season since the organization of the Department is interesting. 1874 5 11011878 9 162 1875-0 101 1879-80 182 1870-7 125 1880 81 226 1877 8 1:71681-82 270 Tiie foilowingaverages will befound of in terest : GENERAL AVERAGE OP ALL FERTILIZERS. Available Phosphoric Ammonia. Potash. Acid. 1874 5 9.23 2.55 5.17 18756 10.94 2.53 2.49 1876-7, 10.87 2.52 2.75 1877-8, 11.43 2.79 2.23 1878-9 10 95 2.70 1.66 1879-80 11.24 2.58 1.33 1880 1-.™.. 10.96 2.53 1.41 1881-2 10.88 2.48 1.47 AVERAGES OF AMMONIATED FERTILIZERS. 1874-5. 1875 6. 1876- 7 1877- 8 1878- 9 1879- 80 _..., 1880- 1 1881-2. Acid. 8.73 ~ 10.38 10.51 10.83 11.52 0.53 10.30 10.20 281 2.08 2.73 2.78 2.70 2.50 2.53 2.48 5.21 2.70 2.4.1 2.25 1.64 1.25 1.45 1-58 AVERAGES OF NON-AMMONIATED FERTILIZERS. 1874- 5 1875- 6 1876- 7 1877- 8 1878 9 1879-80 18-0-1 1881-2. Acid. “11.60 11.99 11.68 12.10 12.20 1244 12.00 12.48 3.85 4.61 4.54 2.16 1.62 128 1.20 1.05 Previous to 1877-8 the fees arising from the inspection of fertilizers were perquisites of the inspectors. During the past five seasons the Department has inspected 67,GOO,092 tons, receiving therefor $288,000.47. For tags and expressage $13,631.01 was paid out; for salary of chemist $14.900; for salaries of inspectors $29,021,18, a grand total of $67,- 452.19. This deducted from the gross re ceipts leaves the net sum in the State Treas ury of $230,548.28. The report of the State Chemist is full of valuable suggestions. He gives the fol lowing organic analyses of No. 1. Red May wheat, No. 2. Dallas wheat, No. 3. Winter wheat, unknown variety, No. 4. Ivory wheat and No. 6. Millo Maize: Water Crude tlbre March, aum.s'gr Album! n olds"..." Ash I No. 1.1 No. 2.1 No. 8. | No. 4. | No. 8. low 11.37 11.75 11.00 2.00 3.00 2.05 1.93 73.38 71.62 71.21 70.29 1.50 1.60 1.90 287 9.82 10.76 10.89 11.71 1.85 1.75 1.55 2.20 12.80 2.21 71.68 2.85 8.88 A partial analysis of the ash of each has been made with the following results: 1 No. 1. No. 2. | No. 3. No. 4. | No. 5. Phosphoric acid 45.02 40.U8 40.80 44.21 43.85 PoiauU............... 3 M2 30.80 36.10 29.20 3008 Lime 3.15 3.08 3.10 2.86 3.45 Other min. m'tr 21.11 19.97 18.85 23.73 22.62 The proximate analyses of No. 1. Illinois yellow corn, No. 2. Illinois white com, No. 3. Georgia white (field) corn, and No. 4. sweet potatoes (yellow yam) are given : Albuminoid.. 14.1010.75 S.t)| 2.16 4.64 8.43 68 2070.60 8.21 8.82 1.34 1.25 Estimating the oil and ready-formed fat as double the value of starch and other carbo hydrates as fat formers, we have the follow ing relative value: Of these analyses Commissioner Hender son says: “The analyses speak for them selves, showing that there Is scarcely more difference In the proximate analysesof Ivory wheat, so-called, and Dallas or Red May, than appears between the analyses of the two latter varieties of ordinary wheat. The Ivory wheat shows a larger per centage of albuminoids (flesh formers,) slightly less of starch and none of fats (fat and heat pro ducers) than either of the true wheats. The Millo maize has considerable less of the albuminoids than either of the others, being about equal to Indian corn In this respect. The flour from Ivory wheat, when properly ground and bolted, is rather darker than ordinary family flour, but possesses the property of kneading well and is adapted to the process of raising with yeast or by simi lar means. “ The comparative analyses of samples of Illinois and Georgia Indian corn fully sus tains the popular notion that home-grown corn is more nutritious and fattening than Western com. Unfortunately for the com pleteness of the comparison, Prof. White did not have at hand a sample of Georgia yellow com to compare with the Illinois yellow, but even the Georgia white is shown to be superior to the Illinois yellow as a fat pro ducer, and very slightly inferior as a flesh producer. “ The analysis of-the sweet potato, a yel low yam variety, is also given, and is easily compared with those of the several varieties of com, and also of the wheat in the prece ding table. By easy calculation it wil be seen that in fat producing constituents, one bushel of Georgia raised corn is equal to 2.89 bushels of yam potatoes, and in flesh produc ing constituents, to seven bushels of pota toes. “This sustains the opinion that many in telligent farmers have long held that the potato is a most valuable stock food, in view of its great productiveness and the ease with which it may be grown, even in soils of or dinary fertility. Fifty bushels of potatoes in .>• be produced on one acre with as much cer.ainty as eight or ten bushels of corn, and are worth, for fattening purposes, fully twice as muc.h.” We have given some of the striking points of the report because of their value, not only to the farmers of Georgia but of the South. As a matter of information to our readers we give the officers of the De partment: J. T. Henderson, Commisioner. Troup Butler, Commissioner’s Clerk. R. J. Redding, Assistant Commissioner. J. 8..Newman, Editing Clerk. W. B. Henderson, Mailing Clerk. H. C. White, Chemist of Department. Dr. H. H. Cary, Superlntendent.of Fish eries. Inspectors of fertilizers: J. 8. Lawton, At lanta ; O. T. Rogers, Samuel Hawkins, Au gusta; E. L. Thomas, Macon; W. P. Harden, Brunswick, W. H. Howell, Columbus. Wblte ItusNlnn Oats. Editor Southern World : If any of the readers of The Southern World have tried any of the large white Russian oats adver tised in your valuable paper last winter, and would make known their success through the columns of The World, they would oblige Henry Boswell, and it may be many others would like to know. [We would be pleased to publish the ex perience of those who have tried the white Russian oats.—Ed. So. World. Tbe Golden Pocklington Grape. The following letter from George W. Camp bell, of Deleware, Ohio, who was United States Commissioner to the Paris Universal Exposition in 1878, is worthy the attention of all who are interested in grape culture "As the season is approaching when many persons will wish to plant some of the new er varieties of grapes, a few words as to their general character may be acceptable. “The Pocklington, how do you like it? has been asked of me so often, I avail myself of the columns of the Rural New Yorker, to give a more general reply than I could in separate answers to individual questioners. I will say I like its large size, both in bunch and her ry, and the hardiness, health and Concord character of the vine, both ingrowth and fo liage; and I like it especially for those qual ities which promise to make it both valua ble and profitable aa a shipping, market, and table grape. When fully ripe, Its color, a handsome golden yellow—is very attract ive, the clusters aie very laige, weighing a pound each and more. The skin of tbe ber ries, although very thin, is very tenacious, and this grape will bear handling and ship ping with ordinary care, much better than the Concord. Then too, I think it will prove one of the beet keepers. For two successive years I have kept clusters of the Pocklington in the ordinary temperature of a living room for three months , and found them nei ther to decay, nor lose their flavor, and they gradually dry into raisins. In flavor I find them when fully ripened, more sugary and richer than the Concord." Wild Speculations. The wild speculation in Matrimonial Aid Associations aud kindred institutions has nearly spent itself. The press and pulpit are beginning to speak out against its evil tendencies. The Concordia (La) Sentinel thus punctures these short-cut schemes by which fortunes may be quickly made. “Tbe effects of such schemes cannot but be demoralizing. They tend to degrade the sanctity of the maniage tie, they lay open to the vulgar gaze of the public eye affairs that should be of the strictest privacy, and thrust’ upon the market for purposes of speculation that holiest of God’s covenants, marriage. To think of the ill-assorted marriages, of the bonds that will be hastily entered into for the few hundred dollars that will be paid by a specuiatlvesyndicate forthe consummation of a marriage, and of the suffering and woe that must result from them, of the separa- rations, divorces, and desertions that will follow; when these things are thought of the public cannot view with a favorable eye the rapid multiplication of marriage Associa tions. We have' already heard of a man who was engaged to be married to a pure and noble young woman. This marriage Association craze came on. The man thought to make a speculation upon his approaching nuptials, and half way won the assent of his bride to allow speculative policies to be tuken out upon tbeir marriage. Upon after thought, the better feeling of the bride asserted itself, her mind revolted at the idea of making merchandise of her marital affections, and she broke tbe match off. What did tbe man? He could not afford to forfeit the shi ning, glittering gold in the prospective. He sought him a woman unworthy the name, they stood before the man of God, and the holy rites of matrimony were performed. It was but a hollow mockery, and the papers fora divorce were immediately signed.” Tbe Agricnllnral Transition. Capt. Fat. Darden,Lecturer of the Grange in Mississippi, is on a tour through the State, giving the farmers some plain, prac tical talks that are directing popular atten tion to the prospects and defects of our pres ent system of agriculture. Capt. Darden, as the result of his wide experience, declares what seems to be the conclusion of every thinking man, that tbe old plan of agricul tural operations, superinduced by the neces sities of the farming class after the war, rather than adopted as their deliberate choice,has everywhere proven a failure. The only successful farmers coming under his observation in Mississippi are those engag ing in a diversity of operations, making the support of the farm on the farm, and mak ing cotton only as a surplus and as a selling crop. Such farmers are paying attention to stock, are cultivating a comparatively small area in cotton, and are cnltivating that area well, with close attention to manuring and to a rotation of crops. In the Canton of Geneva, Switzerland, every country school-master is required to know something of agriculture and natural history, to the end that he may instruct hla pupils therein. Every village has its night- school, in which lads and young men who have attended the communal school the re quired term—until the completion of their thirteenth year—may obtain further instruc tion in matters related to their calling; and, during the winter, lectures are given in the village school-rooms—sometimes in the vil lage churches—by professors from the uni versity, on agricultural chemistry and kin dred subjects. We are pleased to see that Mr. Mercer Slaughter of the Midland Road has been ap pointed general passenger agent of the Rich mond and Danville system, in which the Midland Road is embraced. Mr. Slaughter is a gentleman of high qualities, fine intelli gence and valuable experience as a railroad man. The Farmer’s Congress recently in session in 8t. Louis, adjourned to meet in Louis ville on the first Wednesday in December, 1883. T. H. Kimbrough is Master and A.B. John son Secretary of Cataula Grange, No. 319, of Harris county, Georgia. They are live Pat rons.