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JAMES a- WRIGHT, Editor.
Pt’BliaHED EVERT SATURDAY MORNING
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SAMUJEIj S- JACK
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PROSPECTUS
CF THE
WESTER> (4 EOFl(4B A.IV.
THIS PROSPECTUS accompanies the 10th Num
her of the “ Georgian.’* It was began under citcum
stances of difficulty and doubt, which none but those
who have attempted a similar adventure, can correct,
ly appreciate. Hut gratitude to our Patrons, compels
us to say, that the success of our paper has been more
than comrr.ensura'e with our must sanguine anticipa
tions. Intending to devote the whole of our attention
and energies to it, we trust to render it more accepta
ble to the pablic in future. As soon os our patronage
shall warrant it, the “ Georgian" will bo enlarged
from a Super Royal to an Imperial Sheet.
FLORIDA.
. From the Charleston Courier.
St. Augustine, (E. F.) March 1.
Messrs. Editors. — Die enclosed papers,
which have been recently obtained, corrobo
rated as they are by most of the con versa
tions and occrurcnceo, that really took place,
and to which they refer, tend very strongly to
prove what has been generally suspected, that
the Cherokee delegation acted treacherously
in their mission, mid have caused great em
barrassment and loss in the prosecution of the
Florida war ta a speedy and successful termi
nation.—Ar an act of justice to the service,
and for the information of the public I will
thank you to publish them in the columns of
yonr paper.—la addition to the statements
contained in them, 1 understand they repro
ved Micanopy for holding to his treaty, and
told him he bud spoiled the talk by sending
word that he would keep his faith and fulfil
the treaty.
A FRIEND TO TRUTH.
Statement of "August,” a Seminole negro
and interpreter, in relation to the representa
tions and promises of the Cherokee delega
tion to the Seminole Chiefs.
“The Seminolvs, who wore present at the
Council, held by the Cherokees, with the
Seminole Chiefs, to.d "August” that the Cher
okees, said, that hearing the whites and In
dians were still at war, the head Chief of the
Cherokees had requested the President to per.
mit him to send some of Ins principal Chiefs
here to make peace between them; the Prosi.
dent agreed to it, the Cherokee chief aptxfin
tod three chiefs, and the President uno. The
deputation, on arriving at St. Augustine, via.
tied Powell ar.d other Chiefs, in the Fort,
with whom they had a talk; they afterwards
went to see Gen. Jesup, and explained the
object of there coming to Florida —the Gon
eral would not listen to them at first, but on
phowmg him a paper signed by the President
hnd the King of the Cherokees, he consented
to allow them to go out, and wanted to send
two hundred and fifty mon as a guard with
them, this they refused, he afterwards wanted
them to take fifty to mind their horses, but
this they declined also, telling the Seminoles
that their reason for doing so was, they were
afraid that the Indians on seeing such a large
number of persons coming to their camp
might fire on them, and then the white peo
ple would laugh at them and say, "ah, didn’t
I tell you so, I knew the Indians would fire on
you, and that they did not want peace.”
They afterwards requested tho General to
furnish them horses and they would go out by
themselves—he let them Lave the horses and
they went out to have a council with the In
dians.
j At this council they told the Indians they
had come out to take them in to the General,
to make peace—that he was very mad with
them, but they must not mind that, but speak
up for themselves, and if they were afraid to
do so, to let them (the Cherokees,) know what
they wished to say, and they would speak for
them—that if the General asked them any
questions, Micanopy must say to him, that he
had not much to say to him, until Powell was
taken from St. Augustine and brought to the
Council' They told the Indians they must
come in and make peace, and that they had a
groat many presents for them and their wo
men and children —that the General’s time
was out, and he had lost so many men he was
afraid to go home to Congress, and that was
the reason he was so mad with the Seminoles
—that he did not want to make peace, but he
could not help himself now, that the paper
made by the President, which they brought,
had been sent —that when the Indians come
in, the General is to stand one side, and have
nothing to do with them—that all the corn and
provisions in the Fort was to be given to them,
and that one of the Cherokees was to take
charge of it and give it out to them; the other
part of the Cherokees was to take four Sem.
inolo Chiefs to Washington, and that what
ever land they might call for there, the Pres,
ident was to give them—that they could have
all Alachua and over tho Suwannee, and all
this part of iho country if they wanted it—
that the President would send some men back
with the Chiefs to survey the land for them—
that provisions would be sent for them to Fort
Mellon; they might go and settle where they
pleased, and when they wanted provisions
could go to the Fort and get them; and they
would be fed until they could make a crop.
"The Cherckees further stated that old
Gen. Jackson, the old President, had been the
head man for this war—that he had been bro
ken for it by the people, and his Secretary of
War had been turned out for lying—that a
son of old Washington’s had grown up to be
a man, and had been made President, because
he was for peace —that a now Secretary of
War, n lawyer, had been madw, and that both
ho and the President were for peace.”
I certify that tho above was given mo by
"August,” as tho substance of what had been
told by the Chorokce delegation to the coun
cil of Seminole Chiefs and Warriors, whom
they visited on their late mission to Florida.
W. G. FREEMAN, Lieut. 4th Art’y.
Head Quarters, Army of the South, ?
Camp, near Ft. Jupiter, E. F* Feb. 18. S
Extract from nn official communication of
Brig. General Armstead to Major Genera!
Jesup, dated,
"Fort Brooke, Dec. 25, 1837.
•Jumper expressed considerable doubt as to
Mligator’s coming in, as well ns n large por
tian of the Seminoles, who he thought would
join the Miccasoukww. Thia movement on
their part, he attributed to the escape at St.
Augustine of the prisoners, in addition to the
statement made by the Cherokee delegation,
that they could remain in the country on cer.
tain conditions.
FA true extract.]
"W. G. FREEMAN, Lieut, and,
Act. A. D- C.
From the Baltimore American, 16. h inst.
FLORIDA.
Tho National intelligencer of yesterday
contains n letter of recent date from Gen.
Jesup, in which that officer common.cates to
the Government his views, in regard to the
continuance and probable result of tho war
in Flotida. The General enters into a detail
of his opinions on the question of Indian em
igration, and states his conviction of tho pro
priety of the measure, wherever the Indians
are pressed upon the whites, and lands necess
ary for the purpose of agriculture. He how.
overdraw® a line of distinction between such
a state of things, and matters as they now ex
ist in Florida, where a removal will only effect
a translation from one wilderness to another.
: Tho General does not hesitate to advise that
■ the Seminoles shall be suffered to occupy the
| Southern part of the Peninsula of Florida,
land that they be restrained trom doing mis
i chief by threats of inflicting a punishment in
I future, which cannot, as he admits, now be
I applied, fits proposition was given in his own
j words.’—
‘‘lt I were permitted, and it ia with great
diffidence I venture to make the suggestion, I
Wj» tM mi , Jiist ice, and Moderation.
ROME, FLOYD COUNTY, GEORGIA, AFRIT. 7, 1838.
I would allow them [tho Seminoles] to remain,
and would assign them the country west of
the Kissimee. Okee, Chokee, andPana, Okee,
and east of Pease creek, south to the extreme
of Florida. That would satisfy them; and
they might hold it on the express condition
that they would forfeit their right to it, if they
should either commit depredations upon the
white inhabitants, or pass the boundaries as
signed to them without the written permission
of the military commander or agent.
"By placing an agency and authorizing
trading-houses on Charlott’s harbor, they
could be soon concentrated; and stationing a
competent military force there, and at Tam
pa Bay, they might be readily controlled, and,
if necessary, removed from the country, should
they become troublesome, or fail to fulfil
their engagements, I respectfully recommend
the measure to your consideration, and that
of the President, as the only means of termi
nating, immediately, a most disastrous war,
and leaving the troops disposable for other
service. I desire a decision as soon as your 1
convenience will permit, as, by the middle of
April, at farthest, the troops must be with,
drawn from all the posts in the interior, to
preserve their lives.
Tho Indians, it would seem, are at present
awaiting tho result of an answer from Wash
ington, under an assurance from the Comman.
der-in-chief in Florida, that his interest
should be exerted in favor of granting them
permission to remain."
The Intelligencer also contains a letter
from Col. Gadsden, in which he gives a mel
ancholy picture of the state of affairs in mid
die Florida, where he says things will soon be
as bad as in the Eastern portion of the terri
tory, if an organized and more efficient sys
tens be not adopted.
In addition to the foregoing, there is a
communication from St. Augustine to a mem
ber of Congress, in which the proposal of
Gen. Jesup is treated m strong terms of rep.
rehension. —The writer mentions with great
propriety, as we think, the probable effect of
the Indian version of the concession, should it
bo made after a three years war, upon the
Western tribes of savages, who, when their
supplies of Buffalo shall have been destroyed,
will bo restless for want of food. The facts
of the Florida war neither requires nor will
they admit of comment; they speak in a lan
guage stronger than that of words, and will
we fear redound only to the disgrace of the
powerful nation under whose auspicies the
hostilities were commenced. In connection
with this subject it may be mentioned that
Liut. Gen. Hernandez and Major Whitehurst,
immediately from East Florida, have arrived
in Washington. Their visit is believed to
have reference to the measures proposed by
Gen. Jesup.
Copy of a letter from the Secretary oj War,
to Major General Jesup, dated
Department of War, ?
March 1, 1838. S
Sir: I have the honor to acknowledge the
receipt of your communication of the 11th of
February, which was delivered tome by your
aid de camp, Lieut. Linnard. The subject of
it is one of deep interest, and I have given to
it the most diligent end respectful considera
tion.
In the present stage of our relations with
the Indians residing within the States and ter
ritories east of the Mississippi, including the
Seminoles, it is useless to recur to the princi
ples nod motives which induced the Govern,
ment to determine their removal to the West.
The acts of the Executive, and the laws of
Congress, evince a determination to carry out
the measure, and it is to be regarded as the
settled policy of the country. In pursuance
of this policy, the treaty of Payne’s landing
was made with the Seminoles, and the char
acter of the officer employed on the part of
the Government, is a guaranty of the perfect.
!y fair manner in which that negotiation waa
conducted and concluded.—Whether the Gov.
ornment ought not to have waited until the
Seminoles were pressed upon by the white pop
ulation, and their lands bcome necessary to the
agricultural wants of the community, is not a
question for the Execuiive now to consider.
The treatv has been ratified, and is the law
of the land, and the constitutional duty of tl e
President requires that he should cause it to
be executed. 1 cannot, therefore authorise
any arrangement with the Seminoles by which
they will bo permitted to remain, or assign
them any portion of the Territory of Florida,
as their future residence.
The Department indulged the hope, that
with the extensive means placed at your d-s
--posal, the war, by a vigorous effort, might be
brought to a close this campaign. If, howev
er, you are of opinion that, from the nature
of the country, and the character of the ene
my, such a result is impracticable, and that it
is advisable to make a temporary arrange
ment with tho Seminoles, by which the safety
of the settlements and the posts will be secu
red throughout the summer, you are at liberty
to do so. In that event, you wiil establish
pos:s at Tampa and cn the Eastern ?hnre,
and wherever else they are, in your opinion, !
necessary to preserve the peace of the coun- j
try; and I would suggest the propriety of lea
ving Col. Zadok Taylor, of the First lofan
try, in command of them. In moving north
with your forces, you may make similar ar- ,
rangements with the other bunds. I deem it, j
however, of great importance that every ex- '
erlion should be made to chastise the marau- I
ding Indians, who have committed depreda- I
tions upon the inhabitants of Middle Florida. '
I beg you will address yourself to Col. James I
Gadsden for information on this subject; and :
you may, if you think proper, yield to his sug- '
gestion of leaving a battalion for the protec- .
tion of the people in that neighborhood. It j
is hoped, however, that you will be able to put !
it out of the power of these Indians to do any j
further mischief. They ought to be captu
red or destroyed. As soon as, in your opin
ion, it can be done with safety, you will re
duce your force of mounted men from Geor- !
gia. Alabama and Tennessee. i
Very respectfully, your most ob’t serv’t.
J. R. POINSETT.
Maj. Gen. Tiros. S. Jesup,
Commanding Army of the South,
Fort Jupiter Florida. ;
THE FLORIDA WAR ENDED!
“Six weeks'' has passed and Gen. Jesup '
has closed the War!
The Indians have agreed with the General i
that there shall be a cessation of hostilities i
until an answer can bo had from the Govern- '
ment as to their remaining in the country.
Gen. Jesup proposes to the War department,
as the only means now of effecting a final ter
mination of the expensive war, that the In
diaus shall have a portion of Florida assigned
to them, which they may occupy as long as
they desist from the commission of depreda
tions on the whites, and remain within their j
bounds: but to be forfeited by the Indians, if I
they cwmmit any acta of violence on the !
whites hereafter, or leave their limits without '
writton permission.
“The arrangement now,” (says Gen. Jes
up) is, that the Indians art to come in with
their families nnd people, and are to await the
decision of the President, whether they shall
remain in the conntry or not.” And it is re
commended by him to the President, that they
be permitted to remain. This is really a sur
prising recommendation. .After two years
disastrous, perplexing and expensive cam
paigns against this handful of Indiana, the
commanding General, with not less than ten
thousand men in arms, proposes to the Gov
ernment, as the only means of successfully
terminating the war, to relinquish the country
or a portion of it to the peaceable possession
of the Indians!
How many weeks will it take to end ano.
ther war by treaties and talks with the Indians,
after they have been assigned lheir portion of
Florida, should they again commence hostili
ties against the while inhabitants of that ter
ritory?
What a triumph this concession would af
ford to the feelings of Oceola, were he living,
to witness the success of his warriors, and the
truth of his predictions acknowledged by the
Commanding Genera! of the United States
troops in Florida?
But what is moro astonishing. Gen. Jesup,
has discovered recently, that Floroda is an
unexplored wilderness, and that now little
more can be done, than to explore it with the
army at great expense, "so remote a band of
savages from one explored wilderness to ano
ther—and that the object we are contending
for, is not worth the cost.” It is still more
surprising that Gen. Jesup has just come to
the conclusion that these Indians nre not in
the way of the white inhabitants of Florida,
and their lands are attempted to be taken pos
session of by the Government's removing the
Indians, when they are not required for agri
cultural purposes.
Is it possible the General has been convin
ced of the unjustness and inhumanity of the
Government, in the prosecution of this war
against the Seminoles, from a perusal es Mr.
Wise’s speech in Congress, or has the Gene
ral become fatigued with the severities of his
six weeks campaign, and the skill of this
band of savages.
Wc fully concur with the instructions to be
found in the letter of the honorable Secretary !
ofWfirto ’he General, which will also be
found in this paper. "These Indians ought
to be destroyed or removed.”
Federal Union.
I hr people cf the United States now prob- j
ably emeuni '.© sixteen millions, nnd in four;
or five years will amount to twenty millions.
.According to the statistics of population; twen-.
ty millions wHt probably give four mi Hons •
of productive operatives, and thesa at the ;o.v
average (in thiv country) of one hundred dol-,
lars, wail give four hundred millions of p?o- 1
duct:-, e value. The property of tho Slat-s is •
put down at one hundred and fifty mil.ions |
each, which rpuat be below the reality, and
with the estimated productive value added, 1
will five a s it. hnle less than fire milljoix of
VoL I. XO 32-
dollars, to be affected by the state of the cur
rency. If the continuance of an unsound
currency affect these objec/s to the extent of
ten per cent, it will amount to five hundred
millions.”
"The great suffering of the country is from
the unsoundness of the currency. Ti c arti
san idle, the agriculturalist cannot realise the
profits of his labor, the merchant dares not ad
venture, the capitalist has locked *wp his funds,
there is a general paralysis. '.Restore the
soundness of the currency, and in place of
this inaction will succeed universal activity,
and prosperity will be the brighter arid mwe
cheering, because it will have succeeded 'd'i-r
--general gloom.— Langdon Chccee.w
— . f. t
From the Correspondence, of the N. O. Bi:L
letin March, 15.
Houston, Texas, Feb. 25, 183’8.
Disgraceful.—On Friday last, the Pres;
ident was stopped in the streets, or rather
I was accosted while in the street conversing
with his friends, by Colonel Wm. S. Fisher,
(late Secretary of War,) in company with S.
R. Fisher, (late Secretary of Navy,) and I.).
F. Weymouth, (late Commissary General of
I Subsistance.) Colonel W. S.’ Fisher, who
| was spokesman, (a known enemy of the Pres
ident,) walked up to him, (while the other
! named persons tanged themselves with the
j President in the centre, both in an angry man-;
j ner,) and spoke to him. The I’rcsid' tit, who
■ you know' is remarkable for his politeness,
i received the gentlemen in his politest manner.
Fisher then asked him to repeat or retract
certan expressions made relative to him, t<>
Colonel D-. T. Wcighmouth; the President re
fused to notice it. He then requested to know
if he held himself responsible for his express
ions and actions? The President replied, that
for his official acts he was responsible to the
people, (his constituents-) but for his personal
i acts he was personally responsible. Fisht r
1 then requested to know, if he (General Hous,
i ton,) would receive a note from him? To
which the President replied, ho would. Here
the scene ended. I have no doubt it was
their’intention to attack him, but was awed by
his coolness; and, perhaps, they felt not quite
sure, but what they would cutch a Tartar.
In an hour or two after their meeting, a chal
lenge? was handed to the President, from Col.
XV, 3. Fiaher. The President immediately
referred it to hia servant-boy Tom, who care
lessly put it in his pocket, saying, (informing
the second.) that ho wm then getting ready to
start to Nacogdoches, and that he would think
of the affair; at all events, auid he, I shall
give it tho attention such a thing merits.
Thue ended this disgraceful affair to all par
-1 ties concerned, wiih tho exception of General
Houston, who has, with bis usual tact, rnnde
the gentlemen get the worst of the affair, as
you will, no doubt, think. The President
started for Nacogdoches on Saturday morning.
Report says he brings back a wife; of this,
however, I do not pretend to vouch.
'There was to have been an affair of honor
a few days since, between a captain Antignac,
and a Mr. Johnston, but tho civil authority
took hold of the gentleman, and bound them
to keep tho peace. The Mayor of the city,
(F. Moore, jr.) seems determined to stop the
; custom; and the citizens generally, are dis.
I posed to co-operate with him. Cod speed him
! in his truly noble attempt. J. Vs.
DEFENCE OF THE FRONTIER.
I The following (says the New York Express)
; is the substance of the report ot tho Secretary
' of war, relative to a plan for the protection of
j the North and Eastern Boundary of the Uni
ted Stales. The report reiterates the recoin
: mendation of the plan proposed by the Board
lof Engineers appointed at the ck?se of the last
j war. It represents the whole frontier as expo
sed to attack, from all the fortifications being
i incomplete, unfinished, nnd unarmed. Since
the last war, little has been dona towards pla
cing tho country in a state of defence, small
! appropriations have been made, nnd now the
i Secretary admits that there is not a fortress
lon our long line of sea defences capable of re
sisting an armed trig. Tho Board ofNavy
; Commissioners state, that our naval force for
the protection of our coast and the fisheries,
I should consist of 15 ships of tho line, 25 fri
’ gates, 25 sloops, 25 steamers and 25 small ves
■ sols, while now we have in commission not a
i tenth part of the number. The report com
i pares our preparations for defence, with thoso
of other counties, and exhibits our weakness,
and the intire inadequacy of our present sys
tem. To resist the attack of any of the pou
erful navies ofthc European Governmen’s up
on any part of tho coast, our whole force rhu*l
be centred at one point, leaving the remahider
entirely unprotected. The Secretary recom
mends that the appropriation for fortifications
and ordnance be greatly increased, the arrty
so far augmented that the artillery regiments
may occupy these poets, and such an organi
zation of the militia adopted, cs will render tho
neighboring population available in case? of
alarm or sudden war. Appended to tho repoit
is a letter from Gen. Scott, in which lie Btateo
as his opinion, that five regin cuts of artillery