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About The Cherokee agriculturist : and patron of husbandry. (Dalton, Georgia) 1875-???? | View Entire Issue (Aug. 1, 1875)
(Lite Octolwc SCIENCE ARD INTELLIGENCE HELPED BY ENERGY AND INDUSTRY WILL SECURE TO CHEROKEE GEORAIA WEALTH AND FAME. BY IL A. WRENCH. STAND BY YOUR COLORS, PATRONS! Stand by your colors, Patrons, stand! Firm as the Spartan hero band, And high unfurl them to the breeze, From Northern lakes to Southern seas ; From where Atlantic’s billows roar, To old Pacific’s verdant shore, Oh ! let them waye, and proudly wave, All o’er a nation free and brave; And never let them trail in dust, For man ne’er had a cause more just. Ye hardy, stalwart sons of earth, Though e'er so humble be your birth, Echo afar the battle cry, And flaunt your streaming banner high, And never yield unto the foe, For the result is weal or woe ; But make the welkin ring with song, As you the battle cry prolong, And ever let your chorus be, “ The Patrons’ cause and victory!” Stand by tfie Grangers’ creed, And practice what you preach, indeed, And teach the men who laugh and scorn That you were truly freemen born; That you will dare your rights maintain, Though foes enraged your cause disdain; And when you shajl have reached the goal Os all you labor to control, Your triumph to the world proclaim, Then enemies will blush with shame. Long has the farmer toiled in vain, White fettered by oppression’s chain, And writhed beneath the deadly stings Os strong monopolies and rings ; But the glad day begins to dawn When at their feet he’ll no more fawn • But bursted with those fetters be, Then you’ll proclaim the captive free, And all the farmer hosts shall come* To shout the ransomed prisoner home. Your warfare now is just begun, And though it is a bloodless one, You must be manly, strong and bold, Intrepid as the braves of old; For lurking foes there surely are Who would the timorous ensnare, And lay your noble Order low At one malicious, fatal blow, And Blast your prospects, hopes and all, Then mock at your ignoble fall. But when the mighty structure’s reared, No foes*without will then be feared; And when its lofty dome shall rise, And bathe itself in sunny skies; When all's secure for self-defense,’ And Grangers swear true allegiance, Then will Flora strew her flowers All o’er this happy land of ours; Pomona yield her precious fruit, The most exqisite taste to suit; And Ceres scatter golden grain O’er mountain, hill-top, valley, plain. I ■ ■■■ LINES WRITTEM UNDER THE DOG STAR. The following question was asked in the cat echism of the Commissioner pf Agriculture, returnable June 15: ‘-What is the principle ob stacle to sheep raising ?” The response from tha correspondents was souniformally “dogs,” that Mr. J. A. Stewart (who happened to be in the Commissioner's of fice during the conversation in reference to it) was requested to write something on the sub ject. After a short absence, Mr. Stewe.it re turned with the following, which he entitled “DOGGEREL.” ‘•Let dogs delight to bark and bite,” Or chase the buck and ewe; Let dogs eat sheep, while farmers sleep, “For God has made them so.” Let dogs come forth to fill the earth— The lean, the lank, the low—- Or track at night the weather’s flight, “For God has made them so.” Let lop cared hounds range pasture-grounds, Or scent the buck or ewe : Let curs yelp round, as well as hound, “For God has made them so.” Let every man keep, it he can, A dozen dogs in tow ; And let their greed on mutton feed, “For God has made them so.” Let man eat hogs—feed sheep to dogs— Raise mutton here below ; To feed to dogs, while men eat hogs, “For God has made them s».” As these lines were written in the interestof mankind—and sheep—by Mr. Stewart, by my request, I would recommend that they be sung at all the Granges. Tunc, “Old Father Grimes.” T. P. Janes, Commissioner of Agriculture. AN APRIL VIOLET. Under the Larch with its tassels wet, While the early sunbeams lingered yet, In the rosy dawn my love I met. Under the Larch, when the sun was set, He came with an April violet; Forty years—and I have it yet: Out of Life with its fond regret, What have Love and Memory yet? Only an April violet. —Scribner’s Monthly. -AJSTID OF Z&FTTSZBJYZDTTDZRTY - . (General gajriailture. Some of the Elements of Successful Farming. The essential elements of prosper ous farming arc the same which com mand success in all other vocations —honesty, temperance, economy and industry. Possessed of these cardi nal virtues, and aided by intelligence, energy and application, any man may reasonably hope, not only to be a successful farmer, but to take his place among those who are consider ed the benefactors of their race. Every farmer who has proper pride should aspire to be more than a mere tiller of the soil, whose only knowl edge consists in his ability to hold the plow, and reap only the fruits of manual labor, lie must educate him self and children to such a degree so as to perform any of the duties that may devolve upon an American citi zen. lie must make better use of the brains God has given him. In these days of enlightenment and progress, when science has be come the handmaid of agriculture, if we hope to keep pace with the ad vancement of the age, if we wish a grander dignity in the calling of the farmer, and success to its operations, we must use all of the mcaps and ap pliances which scientific researches have developed, and mechanical skill and genius invented, It is of course not to be understood that, in recom mending every farmer to seek assis tance and skill, we expect him to be a practical chemist or skilful mechanic. The knowledge that would qualify him i for either the one or the other would doubtless be of great value to him in , his vocation, but it is not essential! that he should possess these acquire-j ments. It will be sufficient for him to j have the intelligence to recognize the importance of these helps, and to use ■ them advantageously. /This he can only do by making himself a thorough master of his business. He must know, not only all the practical de tails of that business, but the laws which control its operations; not the effect alone, but the cause which pro duces the effect. Without this practi cal knowledge theoretical attainments will be of no avail. The Practical Man and the Theorist. “ That looks very pretty and plaus ible on paper,” remarks farmer Jones as he lays down his agricultural jour nal, after reading one of Prof. Brown’s well written articles on rotation of crops. “It looks well, but I’d like to sec the Professor try to carry out his ideas on the cotton plantation. I reckon he’d find out the difference between theory and practice.” Well, suppose Prof. Broun should attempt to carry out his ideas in the field, and should make a failure? Would that prove his theory false? By no means. It takes something more than correct theory to make a crop —good general management and an experimental knowledge of the details of field work. Perhaps farmer Jones himself, work ing on the same plan, would attain the highest success. An inventor may devise a machine which is to revolu tionize the industry of the world, yet he may not be able, on account of de ficient mechanical skill, to construct his machine in such away that it will work. The practical man—the me chanic—comes to his assistance, and the work is done. So it is in every department. The man of ideas has the force to move the world but he needs the man of practical common sense and skill to help him in putting his ideas into working shape. Far mer Jones should not jump to any such conclusion as his remarks seem to indicate.— Hural Carolinian. DALTON, GEORGIA, AUGUST, 1875. What Not to Do. A farmer should not be so land grasping as to imperil the title of what he now owns, in the attempt to possess all that joins him. lie should not attempt to cultivate more than he can attend to thorough ly, nor keep more stock than he can feed well. lie should not put off his purchase of an implement he needs, until the work is mostly done that requires it.* He should not let his stock run down in winter so low that it takes all summer for them to recruit. He should not go to sleep at night until his plan for the morrow’s work is thoroughly matured, and his help acquainted with their morning duties. lie should not allow his help to at tempt a job until he has made plain to them the details of their work. He should not require too many hours labor from his men, and should give them some privileges, and take an interest in their welfare and pros pects. He should never give way to pas sionate language when errors are committed. Vile words never repair a fault and do not lessen the chances of its repetition. Finally, the farmer who makes a mild decision the rule of his house, who plans his business properly, has personal care of his work, is satisfied with small, sure gains, will pass through life serenely and leave a fair legacy to his children of worldly goods, and better still, an unsullied reputa tion. Prosperity of Small Farmers. Mr. Daniel Pratt, who has been travelling in Mississippi and Louisi ana, reports through an agricultural paper some cases illustrative of the prosperous of the “small farmers.” He says “one small pine land farmer informed me that he al ways makes plenty of corn, pork and hay, and has made five bales of cotton, 500 pounds each, from four acres of pine land, by the use of home-made manure. He has money to lend, and is r'*‘H very hard worker. Another small farmer made thirty-five bushels of corn from three quarters of an acre of manured hind. He said three acres of such land would give him an ample supple of corn for a year, and he would have a surplus. A farmer in the pine lands, in clearing his land, put the brush and sapplings in wind rows, and cultivated between. The next year he moved all the windrows that had not decayed and plowed in bark, rotton canes and decayed wood. He made a handsome property in a few years, cultivating pine lands. Another says, ten acres of poor land to a hand, with plenty of leaves, trash, and home-made fertilizers to plow in, will produce more corn and cotton than forty acres as they usual ly manage these lands. One farmer in the poorest part of the pine lands has this year the greatest abundance of pork, corn, sweet potatoes, rice, sugar, molasses, milk, butter, fowls, eggs, etc., all produced on his own farm, and he not a man of wealth, nor of more than a fair amount of intelli gence. He is simply a man of com mon sense, and a farmer.” • Pip in Chickens. Feed your chickens with raw, fine cut onions, once in three or four days —that will prevent pip. Also color their drinking water with tincture of iron occasionally. Bread soaked in vinegar is healthy. Get all the egg shells you can for your fowls, keep the hen house clean, and give plenty of range during the day. Profits of 135 Acres of New York. Mr. James R. Mead, who cultivates a farm of 135 acres in Tioga county, New York, reports to his Farmer’s Club the following result of his ope rations for 1874: Oats, 750 bushels; wheat, 60 bush els; buckwheat, 100 bushels; hay, 55 tons; corn fodder, 8 tons; oat straw, 8 tons; butter, 2,100 pounds; wool, 40 pounds; apples, 200 barrels; pota toes, 280 barrels; beef cattle, 3; pigs, 11; lambs, 5; calves, 9; corn, 150 ; chickens, 100; turkeys, 8; gosling, 1? e gg s , dozen; bees, 5 swarms. There were also some pears, garden vegetables, etc. The cash proceeds, alter reserving for use of a large fam ily and feeding and seeding purposes, $1,750.50. Amount of labor employ ed in producing the above and hauling to market, was one pair of horses and one man for eight months, besides myself, a share of my over time being devoted to the heavy work of the dairy. The outlay, including some extra work in haying and harvest, was $200; capital invested in real estate and personals, about $10,000; taxes and other farm and family expenses, $350. Fence Posts. The following experience on the mooted question whether fence posts will last longer when set in the same position in which they grow, or vice versa, is given by a writer: Some twenty-three years ago I set a fence. The posts were sawed from a good sized, first growth, red chestnut tree. To saw them tapering to set big end in ground, one end must go top down, and the other half bottom down. The posts were set promiscuously, and to this day there has been no dis tinguishable difference in their lasting quality, unless it be where some of them had ipore .sap on than others, and these gave out first, without re gard to which end was set down. Chicken Cholera. As the epidemic known by this name is now “in season,” says the Country Gentleman, we would sug gest, after trying various remedies, for several years, that a strong de coction of red or black oak bark is the most reliable. Given in time it is an effectual preventative, and in many cases will actually cure. It may be mixed in the feed or given as a drink. The absurd device of pull ing off the scale which naturally grows at tne tip of the tongue in all fowls, to aid in securing their food, is too preposterously silly to be worthy of serious notice. Small Farms in Favor. The New York Bulletin thinks that there seems to be a marked tendency among California farmers to abandon the old ranch system, by which im mense tracts of land were over-run and but partially occupied without tilling or improvements, under the ownership and management of one party, and to subdivide them into small farms. This is but the natural result of enhanced value of farming land, and is what has always occurred in the progress and development of new countries. Yet, its application to California will mark a new era in the farming industries of the Pacific coast. The usual causes have forced this step; for, in addition to the enhanced value of land, it is found to be so much more profitable to till and cultivate as well in California as elsewhere. Take advantage of modern facili ties, and accomplish as much in a sin gle day as required weeks, months or years, formerly. VOLUME 1— NO. 1. The New South. The Chicago Tribune takes cogni zance of the improved condition of af fairs in the South, arising from a di versity of crops and improved meth ods of agriculture. Among other things it says: “A new and promising era has dawned upon the States where once King Cotton held undivided sway. Southern planters have experi enced in the way of diversity of pro ducts, and the experiment has proved a wonderful success. If it had been predicted ten years ago that any of the cotton raising States would in the year 1875 have a surplus of cereals, the existing facts and prospects of the time would hardly have borne out the prophecy. Yet such is the fact. The States of Tennessee, Arkansas, Missis sippi and Alabama will this year have enough and to spare, and the southern farmers are proud and happy. In ad dition to this unprecedented grain yield, the old staple, though reduced in acreage, has by a more thorough system of cultivation rewarded the planters as never before, and they boast of an independence that has heretofore been unknown to that por tion of the country.” Damaging Weather to Crops. For startling climatic phenomena ; great convulsions of the earth from center to circumference; tornadoes, storms of wind, deluges of rain, and unheard of electrical displays, this year of 1875 stands unrivaled in the memory of the oldest inhabitant. The floods of March, the storms of May and June are now being supplemented by other Hoods and storms of greater violence, anh scarcely less destructive of life and property. In addition to these we hear of earthquakes in Geor gia and Connecticut; “the land of steady habits” and the abode of fiery Toombs, both shaken and rocked about like the billowy restless sea. Our own locality has been in the -line of the storms and floods and has experienced the most wonderfully ec centric changes of temperature.— Spring we had none. It was a bleak, sloppy and disagreeable compromise with winter, until the middle of May, when we jumped into midsummer heat and drouth at a bound. Them came the storms and long continued rains, just when the wheat was cut, blowing the sheaves hither and thither, and soaking them with water, until, the total destruction of a fine crop was imminent. But the climate worn ders have not ceased. Last week was. hot, sultry, prostrating. Sunday was slightly cooler, though sufficiently warm to pass as a first-class summer day. Yesterday morning opened with an October atmosphere, which suggest ed parlor fires and woolen clothing— and old Probs, and Prof. Tice tell us. the end is not yet.— Chattanooga Com mercial. None but a lazy teamster will al low the harness or yoke to remain on teams while they eat their mid-day meal. Teams will perform more labor on the same feed in a given- time by giving them water every two or three hours. The water should stand in the sun if practicable. It should not be cold on any account. A gentleman in Lancaster, Pennsyl vania, recently built a two-story brick house in that place in 19" hours, and he now proposes to build a similar house, 24x40 feet, on the centennial grounds next summer in eight hours. A Spanish Man-of-War forcibly took a passenger named Luis Venegas from the steamship Elder, a British vessel, at Porto Rico on the 29th, and shot him. The charge against him was that he had held a position in the Spanish I army and absconded with public funds.
