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i'iinll win and brasses.
Wheat iu the South.
The editor of the Union Springs '
/;< r<:l<l gives the foilowing as a inode •
of preparing and cultivating wheat,
which will insure it from rust and se- ;
cure large yield :
This,June, is the month in which to '
In <’in vour preparatory work for next :
crop of wheat. Select a high, well !
< rained piece of land, however thin it
H-iiv be. in preference to low land. 1
!.‘y off in rows of twelve inches apart,
w ith a shovel plow, following in each < !
>hovel furrow with a subsoil plow, or
a scooter 14 inches long, made of iron
or steel, Ljx2| inches, not wider, or ■
vour horse will not be able to pull it,
f put in the ground as it should go. i
If the land be thin, put iu sufficient,
manure to give the peas a good start,
before running the scooter furrow. In j
these furrows drill from one to two
pecks of speckled peas per acre, and :
close these by splitting out the middles i
with one shovel furrow, followed by
the subsoil or scooter plow. Bore two
holes with a six-quarter auger into a
4x4 inch scantling six feet long, one
loot from each end, into which insert
,t WO small hickory poles, which when
2fastened to the harnes, will serve as
shafts and traces. With this itnple-j
ment you can “knock off” live rows:
simultaneously. When the peas shall,
have attained a growth of about eight)
inches it would" be of benefit to run ■
one furrow, with a small shovel, be-1
tween the rows.
During the month of August, while
the peas are in bloom, turn the vines
under, covering them entirely with soil,
. if possible. To accomplish this, twist;
two heavy chains together, to be used ,
.as a drag ; fasten the two ends to the|
singletree, thus forming a bow, which ,
should at the nearest point be two or |
three inches in front of the turning'
jilow. This drag will hold down the ;
vines enabling the plowman to cover
them up.
In October between the Bth and the;
15th, sow broadcast 30 bushels of cot-1
ton seed on each acre. Turn under!
with a two-horse plow, following in
each furrow with your scooter or sub
soil plow. Sow broadcast bushels:
of good seed wheat, and then sow'
broadcast four bushels of chloride of)
sodium (common salt) to each acre;
cover' by dragging a harrow or very
heavy brush over the land.
Prepare your seed wheat for sowing
as follow: Take a tub fill half full
with water, and dissolve salt in the
water until a freshly laid egg will
float, showing a space the size of a
nickle above the water ; then stir, and
skim off all the wheat that rises to the)
top. Continue to stir as long as any i
wheat will rise to the surface. Feed
the scum to stock. As soon as the
defective wheat has been removed take
out the sound wheat, and repeat the
operation until all the wheat designed
for sowing has been in the brine.
In January, scatter broadcast, one
barrel per acre of gypsum (land plas
ter) over the growing wheat.
If these directions are closely fol
lowed you may confidently expect to
reap, next spring, twenty bushels per
acre of as good wheat as can be im
ported. As the result of the year’s
operations you will have forty dollars
for each acre treated as above directed,
and your land which is now poor, will
then be rich.
Repeat this process the second,
third and fourth years, omitting the
cotton seed, and after the second year
use only two bushels of salt—and
40 bushels of wheat per acre will be
the result for the fourth crop. For
the fifth year five times as many bush
els of corn per acre as can now be
raised on the land ; and for the sixth
and seventh years, from one to two
bales of cotton weighing 500 pounds
each, barring Providential interference.
-
To cure boils, felons, or any inflam
ed sore, take one tablespoonful of good
rum. one of cold water, mix, bring to
the boiling point, stir in sifted corn
meal until it becomes as thick as hasty
pudding, let it become nearly cold,
spread on a cloth and apply to the
sore. Change as often as the poultice
becomes dry, for about twenty-four;
Lours.
A proper food for infants during the
summer months may be prepared in
this way: Tear in pieces the crusts of
a newly made loaf, brown without
burning in an oven; boil in water for
an hour, beat into a fine pulp, add
warm milk, a little loaf sugar, a few
grains of salt.
Limo and Salt for Wheat.
At the December meeting of the
Genesee county, N. ¥., Farmers’ Asso
ciation the following letter from John
Johnson to 11. T. Brooks, was read:
Your letter was received two days
ago, but being now nearly eighty-four
years old, I find writing quite a bur
den. I used lime from 1829 till 1844,
at from forty to fifty bushels per acre,
and found a large profit on dry land,'
but no benefit when wheat would heave 1
out. In 1844 I limed sixteen acres,
with fifty bushels pei acre, and I never
saw wheat to equal that. Losing all
my wheat crops in 1838 by a hail
storm, and nearly all my wheat crop
in 1848, it crippled me in credit and
funds so that I limed none since. 1
commenced tile draining in 1838, and
found that was the starting point for
successful farming, and expended what
I could raise in that way. It took me
twenty years to finish my draining.
Lime is a preservative from rust, but
no better than three hundred pounds
of salt to the acre. Salt makes wheat
ripen four or five days earlier. It
saved me an immense amount of wheat
during the midge years. In 1853 a
farm joining mine gave seven bushels
of wheat to the acre, while mine aver
! aged twenty-nine bushels. Salt and
; draining did that. I think lime will
Ido no good on light loam or sandy
[ soils, but it makes stiff' soils friable,
j and they feed the crops better.
Cutting Grass Early.
In response to a number of requests
read before the New York Farmers’
Club, in reference to cutting grass
| early for making hay, S. E. Todd re
-1 marked: In many localities at the
! north much grass is fit to be cut, even
at this date. This is more particularly
true when there are more or iess weeds
I among the growing grass. In many
instances, a large number of white dai-
■ ses appear among the grass, which it
not cut down before the seed is fully
matured, will fill the stable manure
with seeds sufficient to cover an entire
farm with these noxious plants.—
1 There arc many other kind of weeds
growing in meadows, all of which
should be cut down as soon as the
■ blossoms begin to appear. Even if
' the grass has not arrived to a clesira
i ble stage of maturity, it will be far
) better to cut the crop early, sor 1 the
purpose of giving a damaging blow
to the vitality of weeds. Although,
the stems and leaves of noxious weeds,
even when properly cured, cannot be
expected to make fodder of a thii d quali
ty, still, if such herbage be cut down
when the stalks are green and tender,
and be properly cured with the hay,
' domestic animals will cat both weeds
i and imy with avidity, if (vebds are
mowed close to the ground just before
the blossoms appear, many varieties
will receive such a set back that the
after growth will be exceedingly fee
ble and sickly. Most sorts of peren
nial weeds may be thoroughly extermi
nated from permanent grass land in
the course of a few seasons simply by
mowing them close to the ground,
and the grass early in the season.
Then, as soon as the stems have at
tained a height of six inches, let ev
erything be shaved close to the ground.
On many farms there are acres of half
an acre, or perhaps an acre of low
ground here and there, on which the
grass grows up so rapidly that it is in
danger of falling flat to the ground if
allowed to remain until the crop on
the upland is fit to be mowed. The
most economical system of managing
such grass is to mow and gather a
crop before the burden has become so
heavy as to lodge. By this means,
two crops may be secured before au
tumn. If the grass on such plots is
allowed to grow and fall down until
that on higher ground has matured
sufficiently enough to be gathered, a
great loss will sometimes be sustained
in the premature decay of a heavy
burden of grass lying flat on the damp
ground.
More Clover.
Very few men are aware of the
amount of soil washed away every
year in this section of country. If
we keep on with this kind of farming
many farmers will do as they do in
eastern States and put guano, ashes,
plaster, superphosphate or lime in
every hill of corn. Farmers! you
should stop some of this waste; don’t
think of leaving nothing but the yel
low clay for future generations.
But there is a remedy for all waste;
sow more clover. Keep the ground
filled with roots or vegetable matter,
then it can’t get away easy. Plow up
a clover sod for corn or wheat and be
sure to have the clover in the rotation
of the crops.
Sow in February or in March and
bear in mind next si miner you can
mow a big crop of hay from that piece
of ground and remember that it is
getting richer.
Make calculations to seed another
part of the farm next year, and in a
short time you can have a two-year
old clover sod to plant corn on ; then
look for fine corn, bjg ears and big
yield, grown with hall the labor that
you now grow corn on those worn out
fields that have been in use for corn
and wheat for twenty or thirty years.
Oats—Experiment With.
I sowed ten acres of oats last Sep
tember, with a view’ of experimenting.
I have been in the habit of sowing one
bushel per acre, and always thought
that amount was sufficient, but I am
satisfied it is a great mistake.
I made the land rich, sowed three
bushels per acre of clean black oats—
said to be rust proof—the first of Sep
tember. My neighbors say they are
they are the finest oats they ever saw.
I* have had several to tell me they
would make eighty bushels per acre.
They are three feet high, very thick,
fine color, will be ready to harvest by
the middle of May. Plenty of heads
in the lot the 6th of April. The oats
are best where I fenced ray sheep and
goats. lam satisfied the oat crop is
the crop for us to raise to feed stock
upon—best and much the cheapest.—
aS. 7>., in June Cultivator.
■ ♦
Half a Hog Apiece.
Statistics, carefully collected by the
Department of Agriculture, reveal the
startling fact that within the United
States, at this present moment, there
are “on the hoof” no less than 18,000,-
000 head of hogs. Exclusive of aged,
toothless persons and young infants,
and those who abstain from pork
as an unchan thing, there are now liv
ing in the United States just about
36,000,000 human beings. The alto
gether appalling deduction from these
facts is only too obvious, the horrible
conviction being forced upon us that
j within the next twelve months each
| individual able-bodied man, woman
’ and child within the boundaries of
j this misguided land, where once was
: liberty, must eat half a hog or disturb
the export and import equilibrium of
the world.
The Cotton States Congress and the Cur
rency Question.
The cotton States Congress, recent
ly in session at Raleigh, North Caro
ling, resolved in favor of* more green
backs and less bonds; for the substi
tution of the National Bank notes by
legal tenders, and generally declared
for measures in behalf of the people
vs. moneyed power. This cotton
growing Congress, remarks the Cin
cinnati Enquirer , represents the views
of those who raise more than half of
the exports of the country to foreign
nations. They are the customers—the
great customers—of the East and the
West. They speak the views of the
Grangers. They will be heeded. They
are not a political body. Their meet
ing was not held for any political pur
pose. Its only business was to look
after the interests of one of the great
jest of all the departments of Ameri
can agricultural industry. Its declar
ations, therefore, cannot but have
great weight and influence. The com
mercial and manufacturing North sym
pathize with anything that aids that
from which its prosperity is largely
derived. The cotton raising interest
is for more money. So is the cotton
manufacturing interest. The workers
in iron are all that way. So are the
w’oolen manufacturers; so are the
farmers ; so are the commercial class
es ; so is everybody except the nation
al banker, the usurer, and those who
have fixed incomes.
Select One With a Border.
As a general thing we do not im
plore young gentlemen to dress gush
ingly, but if they will wear a handker
chief in the rear pocket of their pan
taloons, it would be an ordinary fa
vor to a blushing public to select such
as have ornamental borders. We like
to feel sure it’s a handkerchief—that’s
all.
©he (Stance.
The Mississippi Grangers Moving.
We note with pleasure that the
Grangers in Mississippi proposes to
build”a cotton factory in or near Nat
chez, the capitol to be supplied by the
grangers of Adams and the adjoining
counties. The proposition is to form a
company with a capital ol $60,000 to
be represented by 2,400 shares of $25
each, payable in four installments. It
is estimated that a fair start can be
made with an investment of $45,000
for land, buildings, water, power, and
machinery, which would leave $15,000
for working capital. When the neces
sary capital is subscribed, a board of
directors is to be chosen by subordi
nate granges interested, each grange
being entitled to votes in proportion
to the amount of its subscriptions.
The proposed enterprise is an attempt
to put in practice one of the purposes
of the order announced by the Nation
al Grange, namely, that of reducing
the cost"of transportation by selling
less of the great Southern staple in
lint and more in warp and woof.
This is a step in the right direction,
and one which we sincerely trust will
be successful. A cotton or woolen
factory would no doubt prove highly
remunerative in this section, where we
have water power and other facilities
inferior to none on the globe.
Effect of Harmony.
A Texas paper reports the following
little incident as the workings of the
order in that State :
“We have heard of a circumstance
that occurred this week, which we
think clearly shows the true character
of the grangers. A member of Adel
phia grange which meets at the Rock
church on pepper creek, had been sick
for some time, and on that account
was hopelessly behind hand with his
crop. The matter was mentioned at
the last meeting of the grange, and on
Monday morning a number of his
brother grangers came to his farm
with plows and teams, and all turned
in and put his land in good order; so
that now he is fully up with his crop.
Actions like this speak in terms stron
ger than language and show the true
character of the order.”
What the Grangers have Done.
The New York 7Vmes, in speaking
of what the grangers of the Western
States have done, says :
They have broken the power and
combination of the pork packers.
They started out the past fall as they
did the fall before, to buy pork at about
three dollars, expecting again to get
double the price when* they sold, as
they did last year—but the grangers
were too sharp for them this time.
They said rather than sell at these low
prices, we will pack our own pork.
So all over the west, the Grangers
combined, determined to pack unless
they could get what their pork was
honestly worth. Pork came in slow,
not fast enough to meet the demands
of packers. Grangers went to putting
up their own pork. The packers be
came alarmed, and thought they had
better make smaller profits, and so
commenced offering higher prices.
The Grangers were firm, resolute, and
insisted on fair prices, and the packers
were compelled to pay them.
The farmers triumphed over the com
binations to wrong them. Millions
more of dollars have been saved to
them than otherwise would have been.
They needed the money and have got
it. They were entitled to it, and got
only what was their due. The farmers
can combine on a larger and grander
scale than any other class, when it
becomes necessary.”
The Grangers.
Kentucky stands No. 5 as regards
the number of Granges, having 1,560.
Indiana heads the list, with 2,027
Granges; Missouri has 2,026; lowa,
2,004; Illinoise, 1,584. The total
number of Granges in the United
States is 23,500. The official aggre
gate membership is 1,500,000. The
official history of the Order, just pub
lished by the Secretary, shows that
the total receipts from 1868 to 1871
inclusive, were less than $5,000, while
the receipts last year were $316,381.
The Order at present has $69,000 in
vested in Government bonds, and $19,-
000 in cash on deposit at the financial
agency in New York.
(Ihusrltohl (gconomg.
Lemon-juice and glycerine will re
move tan and freckles, and cleanse and
soften the hands.
Lunar caustic, carefully applied, so
as not to touch the skin, is given as a
remedy to destroy warts.
To obviate offensive perspiration,
wash your feet with soap and diluded
spirits of ammodia.
The juice of ripe tomatoes will re
move the stain of walnuts from the
hands without injury to the skin.
Borax dissolved in boiling water* is
an excellent wash for the hair, for the
teeth, or for cleaning black goods.
One pound of rock candy, one pound
honey, one pint vinegar, and two large
lemons, makes a splendid cough mix
ture.
Tea made of box wood leaves will
promote the growth of the hair, it is
said.
For burns or scalds, mix linseed oil
with whites of eggs well beaten, and
apply by spreading on a soft cloth. It
affords instant relief.
Starch, for colored and black calicoes
should be mixed with boiling coffee.
Where calico is inclined to fade,
particularly blue, make a strong solu
tion of salt and water, and leave it in
twenty-four hours before washing.
To destroy bedbugs, whip the whites
of four eggs and beat in an ounce of
quicksilver, and apply with a feather.
This quantity serves for six beds, and
is a deadly poison.
For the whooping cough, take raw
old Java cough, pulverize it fine, with
out browning, make a nice cup of c,of
fee, sweeten with loaf sugar, use no
milk, drink often.
To destroy warts, dissolve as much
common soda as the w’ater will take
up, wash the warts in this, let them
dry without wiping; keep the water in
a bottle and repeat the wash often, and
it will take away the largest wart.
Gather life-everlasting, after the first
frost, but before the winter sets in,
take out the large sticks, and fill your
bed with the blossoms. They will soon
become odorless, and are very highly
recommended for athmic people.
To make knee caps foa rheumatism,
take single zephyr, or some soft yarn,
cast forty stitches on a coarse steel
knitting pin, knit back and forth 20
times, then knit twenty stitches, widen
and finish the round, continue to widen
twenty stitches from the last, every
time, until fifty more have been added,
*aen narrow the twentieth frpna the
end until only forty arc left on the pin;
now knit twenty rounds, take up the
edge where begun, and join, casting off
the stitches, then with four smaller
needles knit a rib around one end to
keep it in place, and it is completed.
A Redwctton. —Letter Heads, 1000
sheets, $5; Bill Heads, do., $4 to $8; Cards,
$3.50 to $5 per 1000, printed by Wrench.
Items from the Citizen.
The exercises of the fall term of Craw
ford High School will begin on Monday
the 30th August.
—
Judge Freeman is an inventive genius.
He now conies to the front with his second
patent in the way of an ingeniously ar
ranged burglar proof sash fastener.
A concert will be given at the chapel
of the Female College, during the sitting
of the Agricultural Convention in this
place, complimentary to its members.
We saw five four horse wagons loaded
with wheat roll into town, one after the
other, one day last week. The wheat was
from Jathan Gregory's plantation in Mur
ray county. If we had a few hundred
such farmers as Mr. Gregory in this sec
tion it would not be long before prosperity
would be seen smiling in every valley and
from every hill top.
Under the fish appropriation bill of
the government, a number of Commission
ers have been depositing young shad in all
of the Gulf streams of Northern Georgia
and East Tennessee. Our friend, Tim
Ford, who has a magnificent pond a mile
and a half from town with some eight
hundred grown fish in it, besides millions
of little ones, was fortunate enough to get
a few white perch—as white as snow—
from one of these gentlemen. He reports
the little fellows O. K.