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jMate department of Agriculture.
The Price and Value of Commercial
Manure.
State of Georgia, ')
Department of Agriculture,
Atlanta. June. 21, 1874. J
♦*#** ■ * * *
The average cash price per ton of the
fertilizers sold in Georgia during the sea
son of 1874-'75, to be used alone, is 851.
There have been 48,648 tons repented
to this department as sold in Georgia
during the season ending May Ist. This,
at 851 per ton, gives an expenditure in
cash, oi' its equivalent, of 82.481.048 in
Georgia for fertilizers, or nearly two and
a half millions of dollars!
The best acid phosphate can be pur
chased at 840 per ton. Using 500 pounds
of acid phosphate to the ton, composted
with cotton seed and manure, it will be
necessary to purchase only one-fourth the
commercial material to make the same
number of tons of fertilizers of equal a
- value. Only 12.162 tons of acid
phosphate would, therefore, be required
to make all the fertilizers used m Geor
gia, which, at 840 per ton, would invoke
an outlay of only 8486,480, instead of
82,481,048! This would be a saving to
the farmers of Georgia of 81.994.568 in
the cost of fertilizers for the present crop !
Add to this the freight which would be
saved on the 36,486 tons, the purchase of
which would be rendered unnecessary, at
85 per ton, (which is perhaps less than an
average), or 8182,430, and we have a total
amount saved to the farmers of the State,
by the composting system, of 82,176,998;
or an average of 815,883 to every county;
or more than 850 to every farmer in Geor
gia.
It is more than the aggregate taxable
property of 102 of the 137 counties of the
State.
It is more than twice the annual State
tax of Georgia.
It would pay the whole debt of Georgia
in four years.
It is 7 per cent, of the value of the
whole cotton crop of Georgia.
Farmers, study well these figures.
If you will adopt these suggestions,
you will save enough in one year to pay
the present expenses of the State Depart
ment of Agriculculture for More than 150
years.
That it is entirely practicable to ferti
lize well with compost every acre of land
cultivated in Georgia, at an average out
lay of 810 per ton for material not made
on the farm, has been demonstrated ex
perimentally. Each mule or horse hous
ed at night through the year, and fed in
the stall, will depoftt, with moderate bed
ding, one and a half tons of excellent sta
ble manure, which, using 750 pounds to
the ton, will be enough of that ingredient
for four tons. Each mule will make five
bales of cotton (an average), which will
yield 150 bushels of cotton seed. After
reserving 50 bushels for planting, there
will remain 100 bushels, or 3,000 pounds,
for material purposes, which, using 25
bushels, or 750 pounds to the ton, will,
with the 750 pounds of stable manure, 1
make 6,000 pounds, or 1.500 pounds of
seach of four tons. Now add 2,ooopounds
•of acid phosphate, or 500 pounds to each
ton. and we have four tons of compost to
the mule, equal in agricultural value to
the best fertilizers on the market, as has
been demonstrated by actual soil test,
conducted for a series of years by the
Hancock Agricultural Club, by the Com
missioner of Agriculture, and by various
other parties in Georgia.
If farmers prefer the manipulated com
pounds, they will find them most profita
bly compost_-d with stable manure ai d
cotton seed.
The Commissioner congratulates the
farmers on the evidences of a wise pru
dence and ec momy, as shown by the in
creased acreage in provision and forage
crops, and by the larger per centage of
compost applied to the present crop,
amounting to more than one-half of the
whole.
By a judicious use of fertilizers, as sug
gested by recent scientific and experimen
tal research, and by prosecuting the wise,
self-sustaining policy so auspiciously in
augurated, the farmers of Georgia will
speedily repair the losses sustained by the
speculative agricultural policy engendered
by the results of the war.
The following shows the shipments of
fertilizers from Savannah over the Central
Railroad, during the seasons from 1871
to 1873, inclusive, and over the Central
and Atlantic and Gulf Roads in 1873-74
and 1874- 75, has been kindly furnished
this department by Dr. A. Means, the ef
ficient Inspector for Chatham county. As
a matter of interest to planters, the cot
ton crops of the State in bales is given
for the corresponding seasons:
From Sept. 1 to May 1, 1871-’72, 29,-
339 tons; cotton, same period, 450,039
bales; for 1872-73, 47,530 tons; cotton,
614,039; for 1873-’74, 32,767 tons; cot
ton, 504,233; 1874—’75, 32,834 tons;
amount cotton not fully known.
Dr. Means also reports an improvement,
since 18C8, of from 25 to 50 per cent, in
chemical composition and agricultural
value of commercial fertilizers; while
there has been, during the same period, a
reduction of from 10 to 20 cent, in prices.
He also reports a reduction of four-fifths
in the stock of fertilizers carried over this
season, compared with the last.
The Commissioner is indebted for much
of the valuable information contained in
this circular to Dr. A. Means, Inspector
for Chatham county, and Mr. O. P. Fitz
simmons, Inspector of Richmond county.
Thomas P. Janes.
Commissioner of Agriculture.
♦
Crops in Georgia.
Commissioner Janes’ report of the con
dition of crops for the month of May, in
Georgia, contains the report of the crops
in 111 counties one of 137 in the State,
and as the figures are made from our
most intelligent farmers the summing up
can be relied on.
State of Georgia. 4
Department of Agriculture, >
Atlanta, June 1, 1875. J
The above county averages are taken
from the reports of 241 correspondents,
representing 111 counties. In many in
stances, important crops are omitted in
these county returns when there is no in
crease or decrease worthy of notice.
From a general comparison of the Re
turns of the 111 counties that have re
ported, the folio .ving interesting informa
tion is gleaned:
Corn.—There are 7 per acres
planted in corn this year than last, or
152.916 acres more than last year. There
is ;. e > un mere' se of 6 per cent, in the
amount of fertilizers used on corn : 68
per cent, of these compost. In prepara
tion and time of planting, there is a. de
crease of 3 per cent. A large margin
from the middle and lower counties report
the best distance for corn 4x5, 3x7 or 3x6
—the upper counties, 3x4, 3x5 and 4x4.
Oats.- There is an increase of 12 per
cent, in the number of acres sown in oats,
or 55,215 acres more than last year, 49
per cent, of these were sown in the fall,
and 21 per cent, fertilized. The condition
of the crop May 15th, throughout the
State was 1 per cent, above an average.
A large majority who reported the “best
variety” give the preference to the “rust
proof;” many prefer the “wintergrazing,”
while quite a number prefer what they
call the “yellow,” which may mean either
of the above. A large majority sow one
bushel of seed per acre—some one-half
bushel and others as much as three
bushels.
Wheat.—The acreage in wheat is 14
per cent, or 50,239 acres more than last
year; 5 per cent, more fertilizers used on
it, and the condition of the crop, May
15th, 1 per cent, above an average. The
varieties principally recommended as suc
cessful are the “Tappahannock,” “Early
Red” or “Red May,” in the middle and
lower counties, and the “Tappahannock”
and the Spring varieties in the northern
counties. A large majority sow one
bushel per acre, while many sow only one
half or three-fourths that quantity. A
few sow more than one bushel.
Clover. —The acreage in clover is 7 per
cent, greater than last year, while its con
dition, May 15th, was 1 per cent, below an
average. Correspondents from the mid
dle counties report it best to sow alone,
either in fall or spring. In the upper
counties it is sown either alone or with
small grain, in spring principally; but
some say September. An increase of only
one per cent, in grasses is reported. Cor
respondents almost unanimously recom
mend the sowing of grass seed alone,
either in fall or spring.
Cotton. —There is 5 per cent., or 80,-
150 acres less cotton planted this year
than last. Preparation of the soil is re
ported only two-thirds of 1 per cent, infe
rior to last year, while 44 per cent, more
fertilizers are used, 52 per cent, of which
is compost. The condition of the crop,
May 15, generally two weeks late, and 3
per cent, below an average.
Sugar Cane. —Acreage 4 per cent, de
crease; condition May 15, 6 per cent, be
low an average, and the condition of seed
cane, when planted, 144 per cent, below
last year.
Sorghum.—Acreage 354 per cent, in
crease, while the condition May 15th was
44 per cent, below an average.
Ground Peas.—Acreage 4 per cent,
greater than last year. Condition May
15th, 2 per cent, below an average.
Melons. —Two and three-fourths more
planted. Condition May 15th, 64 per
cent, below an average. Varieties gener
ally recommended, “Rattlesnake,” “Moun
tain Sprout,” and “Mountain Sweet.”
Peaches. —One and a third per cent,
below an average. Nearly all killed in
some parts of North Georgia; generally
a full crop in the middle and lower coun
ties. •
Apples.—Thirteen and two-thirds per
cent, below an average.
Pears.—One and two-thirds per cent,
below an average.
Small Fruit. —Seven per cent, below
an average.
Garden Products.—Five and a half
per cent, below an average.
Rice. —There is an increase of 12 per
cent, in the acreage in rice, while the con
dition, May 15th, was 3| pei cent, below
an average.
Sheep.—The number of sheep is re
ported as | of one per cent, less than last
year. The number of lambs 14 per cent,
less, and the wool crop 4 per cent. less.
The Merino is generally reported best for
wool, and the Southdown for mutton, ex
cept in some parts of upper Georgia,
where the Cotswold is recommended for
both. The common report, however, is
that only the native sheep are raised, the
risk from dogs being too great to incur
the expense of introducing the improved
breeds.
The condition of work stock is reported
3| per cent, better than last year. The
pork prospect 2 per cent, less, in conse
quence of the ravages of cholera in many
sections of the State.
The reports show that ten per cent, of
all the stock in the State died during the
last winter and spring.
Our planters will do well to give their
stock more attention, to protect them
from diseases and stealage.
It is gratifying to state that 83J per
cent, of the corn being fed in the State is
home-raised.
A Car Load.
We take the folio-wing of what consti
tutes a car load from the St. Louis Times:
Seventy barrels of salt, 70 of lime, 90
of flour, 60 of whisky, 200 sacks of flour,
6 cords of soft wood, 18 to 20 head of cat
tle, 50 to 60 heads of hogs, 90 to 100 head
of sheep, 8,000 feet of solid boards, 17,-
000 feet of siding, 13,000 feet of flooring,
40,000 shingles, one-half less of hard lum
ber, one-fourth less of green lumber, one
tenth of joists, scantling, and all other
large timber, 340 bushels of wheat, 300 of
corn, 680 of oats, 400 of barley, 360 of
apples, 430 of Irish potatoes, 360 of sweet
potatoes, 1,000 bushels of bran.
Bone Meal for Cows.
We have never known cattle which had
a plentiful supply of bone meal to be at
tacked with murrain. Young and grow
ing animals are very fond of it. Calves
will gladly lap it from the hand. There is
no danger in feeding it; cows will eat
what they require and no more. Those
that do not need it will not touch it.
Dairymen would do well to feed this arti
cle to cows, since they are called upon tb
supply a considerable quantity in their
milk and in the production of their
young. There is a difference between
milch cows and oxen in their appetite for
bones. We have never seen or heard of
an ox picking up and trying-to chew a re
fuse bone, whilst with milch cows it was
quite common. — American Stock Journal.
Onions Lice Exterminators.
Asa Baldwin, of Chautauqua county.
N. Y., writes the Rural New-Yorker that
fifty years ago a very lousy cow of his ate
ten or twelve onions, and in fifteen hours
after the lice had disappeared. He tried
the same remedy many times since, with
the same results in each case.
A thirteen year old boy of Boston,
named Henry C. Haines, recently stole
from his invalid mother money and
bank deposits to the amount of $1,280,
with which he bought and provisioned
a yacht for the purpose of making a
cruise along the coast, and when the
theft was discovered he was so over
come with grief and shame that he
took his own life by shooting himself
through the head with a pistol. No
doubt he was prompted to make this
adventure bj’ dime novel reading.
Bradfield's Female Regulator.—
We have often read in the newspapers of
the grand success of medical compounds
put up at the North and elsewhere. Many
of those medicines have had their day,
and we hear no more of them. Their pro
prietors have made fortunes, not so much
from their curative powers and virtues of
their mixtures, as from the notoriety given
them by advertising, by which people are
to believe all the good that was said of
them. A preparation is now before the
public which is becoming very popular
and is known as Bradfield’s Female Reg
ulator, put up by L. H. Bradfield, Atlan
ta, Ga., at 81-50 per bottle. Such is its
curative virtues, that it has gained wide
spread popularity all over the country
where it has been made known, and it is
being introduced everywhere. We are in
formed that immense quantities of this
medicine are being sold in all sections of
the South and Southwest, especially in
the city of Nev; Orleans and in Texas.
This much we say in justice to its pro
prietor, who is a gentleman of integrity,
and who would not engage in the manu
facture and sale of a humbug.— LaGrange
Reporter.
B. Moyers & Co. have now on hand
and are receiving a large stock of Cooking
Stoves, Tin ware, Wood and Willow ware,
and Table Cutlery. A full supply of
house-furnishing goods generally. It will
pay all who wish to start house-keeping to
call and see their stock. ts.
The mammoth wholesale and retail
store of Messrs. Chamberlain, Boynton &
Co., of Atlanta, is familiar to many in this
portion of our State, as the superior qual
ity, cheapness and beauty of the goods at
this establishment daily attract hundreds.
They have dress goods of every descrip
tion, of the loveliest designs and fabrics,
and carpets, window curtains, lambre
quins, hangings, laces, cords, tassels, and
every rich and beautiful, as well as simple
and pretty, article for finishing parlors,
bed-rooms, etc. 3t.
GEO. P. ROWELL & CO.
cy for the reception of advertisements for
American Newspapers—the most complete es
tablishment of the kind in the world. Six
thousand Newspapers are kept regularly on
file, open to inspection by customers. Every
advertisement is taken at the home price of
the paper, without any additional charge or
commission. An advertiser, in dealing with
the Agency, is saved trouble and correspon
dence, making one contract instead of a doz
en, a hundred or a thousand. A book, con
taining large lists of papers, circulations, with
some information about prices, is sent to any
address for twenty-live cents. Persons wish
ing to make contracts for advertising in any
town, city, county, State or Territory of the
United States, or any portion of the Dominion
of Canada, may send a concise statement of
what they want, together with a cony of the
advertisement, and receive information which
will enable them to decide whether to in
crease or reduce the order. For such infor
mation there is no charge. Orders are taken
for a single paper as well as for a list; for a
single dollar as readily as for a larger sum
o gy ,T„„e.8 U11 . 1 . 41 Park RowJI.Y.
S3ES3NTX?
Fifty Gents
And Get The
Agriculturist
ONE YEAR.
H. A. WRENCH,
Dalton, Ga.
KIN G SF O RD’S ~
Oswego Pure and
SILVER GLOSS STARCH,
For tire Laundry,
Manufactured by
T, KINGSFORD & SON,
THE best starch in the world. Gives abeau
ful finish to the linen, and the difference
in cost between it and common starch is
scarcely half a cent for an ordinary washing.
Ask your grocer tor it.
Kingsford’s
OSWEGO CORN STARCH,
For Puddings, Blanc Mange, Ice Cream, &c.
IT is the original—established in 1848—and
preserves its reputation as purer, stronger
and more delicate than any other article of
the kind offered, either of the same name or
with other titles.
Stevenson Macadam, Ph. D., &c., the highest
chemical authority of Europe, carefully ana
lyzed this Corn Starch, and says it is a most
excellent article of diet, and in chemical and
feeding properties is fully equal to the best
arrow root.
Directions for making Puddings, Custards,
&c., accompany each one pound package. For
sale by all first-class grocers.
April 22, 1875-4 t.
Grand Bargain
• TN VALUABLE
FARMING LAMS 11
500 Acres in a Body!
A Mile of Creek Bottom!
300 Acres Fine Woodland !
WILL PRODUCE THIS YEAR
Forty Bushels Corn to Acre.
0
THIS is a splendid Creek Farm, of 500 acres,
conveniently near to Dalton, and is fairly
improved, having dwelling house, stables,
cribs, and tenant houses. Would he a grand
chance for three or four small farmers, as the
fertile bottom lands might be thus divided to
secure each a part. Address enquiries to
H. A. WRENCH.
THE Very PLACE
TO SECURE YOUR
Milk, Butter, Chickens, Eggs
«
And Vegetables,
By Home Energy and Labor ’
SIXTEEN ACRES of land, suitable for small
farming, market gardening, dairying, etc.,
near Dalton. Will be sold cheap to right kind
of purchaser. Land susceptible of highest im
provement, running stream of water through
it, and most of under cultivation.
Apply to 11. A. WRENCH.
Spring Place
Masonic High School.
THE first session of this school, with a Male
and Female departmet, and a full corps of
teachers, will be opened on the, first Monday
in August.
Ample arrangements have been made for
the accommodation of boarders in the family
of the Principal and other families in the
village.
The course of instruction, including all the
English branches, the Languages, and Music
upon the piano, will be as thorough and com
plete as in any institution in North Georgia.
For further particulars, rates, etc., apply
for circular to REV. T. J. McVEIGH,
Principal.
Or CAPT. W W. GIDDENS,
Chairman Board of Trustees.
June 10, 1875-ts.
SAVE MONEY I
DO yon wish to buy anything usually kept
in a
Dry Goods Store?
Then go to
W. L. WHITMAN A BKO.’S,
At Ringgold, Georgia.
Do you wish to buy material out of which to
build a BUGGY, a ONE or TWO HORSE WAG
ON, and the IRON to iron them ? Then go to
W. L. WHITMAN A BRO'S,
Ringgold, Georgia.
Do you wish to buy HARDWARE, CROCKE
RY WARE, GLASSWARE, BOOTS and SHOES,
HATS and CAPS, ihe celebrated BRINLEY’
PLOWS, or anything in fact kept in a Gen
eral Merchandise Store *? Then
go to
W. WHITMAN A BRO'S,
Ringgold, Georgia.
And above all, do you wish to make your
money BUY the MOST of the BEST GOODS
possible, where you do not have to help pay
the bad debts of other men ? Then you will be
sure to go to
W. L. WHITMAN A' BRO'S,
Ringgold, Georgia.
W For theirs’ is a CASH STORE,
where EVERY' THIN G is sold at the lowest pos
sible CASH PRICES! Y’ou will make money
to go twenty miles and buy your supplies of
them.
4®*ln this day of large Homesteads no mer
chant can retail Goods on a credit without
losing a large proportion of his debts, and if
he succeeds at all in business he is compelled
to sell at enormous profits to all, both paying
and non-paying, as well as cash customers.—
It is not so with the merchant who sells for
cash, and the wise and thinking people of the
country will always buy their Goods of the
merchants who sell for cash only.
WWe invite a trial from any one.who wish
es to buy Goods for CASH, living within fifty
miles of Ringgold, and they will be convinced
that money will be saved in trading with
W. L- WHITMAN A BRO.,
RINGGOLD, GA.
J une 25, 1874 ts.