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Theology for
The Layman
(Continued From Page Four)
reply is that God can indeed do
all things, but a self-contradic
tion is not a thing. God cannot
make a four-sided triangle, be
cause the terms contradict each
other and cancel out: a four
sided triangle is meaningless, it
is not a thing at all, it is no
thing. A weight that an al
mighty Being cannot lift is as
much a contradiction in terms as
a four-sided triangle. It too is
nothing. And (to give an old
text a new emphasis) nothing is
impossible to God.
Because God is infinite, there
is no distinction between His
attributes and Himself. Take
knowledge, and begin with our
own. My knowing is something
that I do, but it is not myself.
This may not strike us as a lim
itation but it is, and a consider
able one. If only my know
ledge were myself, I should be
knowing all the time, simply by
being; I should not have to
make a distinct effort to know;
I should never forget. But, as it
is, my knowledge Is less than
myself; I am finite enough,
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heaven knows, but my know
ledge is more finite still.
Now God’s knowing is not
subject to this limitation. It is
Himself. If it were not, if there
were really a distinction be
tween His knowledge and Him
self, then He would have some
thing that His knowledge lack
ed. In that event it would not
be infinite, and we should have
to face the monstrosity of an
infinite God with limited know
ledge.
This applies to all His attri
butes — just as God IS know
ledge, so He is love, He is jus
tice, He is mercy. We have to
think of them as distinct, in
order to think of them at all;
but in Him they are not distinct
from His very self, and there
fore not from one another.
Whatever God has, He is. And
these attributes are not less
themselves for being infinite.
God s love would be greater by
being distinct from His very
self — as ours is!
It is a difficult idea for our
minds. But then God MUST be
mysterious to the beings He
made of nothing. Live with it;
keep it in the mind; and our
feeling that the attributes must
be distinct will grow less, we
shall begin to “see” their one
ness in God.
We are clearer, I hope, as to
what God is. We are ready for
the question — what is God’s
LIFE, what does He do with
Himself? We are ready, in other
words, for the great adventures
of the Blessed Trinity.
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At Mount St. Mary's
President Calls U. S. Youth To
Crusade For Justice In Address
At Catholic College Graduation
(N.C.W.C. News Service)
EMMITSBURG, Md., — A call
to the youth of the nation to
“crusade for justice at home and
abroad, and for world peace for
us” was sounded by President
Eisenhower at Mount St. Mary’s
College here.
The Chief Executive, in aca
demic black robe, gave the ad
dress at the 150th commence
ment exercises at the second
oldest college in the nation,
which is nestled in the foothills
of Catoctin Mountain.
The basic struggle in this
age, the President said, is be
tween free governments based
on religious faith and despotic
communism. He told the gradu
ates that “there are more fron
tiers to explore, more crusades
that must be waged than ever
before.”
Before delivering the address,
the President was awarded an
honorary doctorate of laws. He
presented diplomas to the 120
members of the graduating class
and gave each a congratulatory
handshake. A capacity crowd of
some 3,200 persons attended the
ceremony in the college’s gym
nasium.
The citation accompanying
the degree called the President
a “modern Colossus” standing
against “petty aims and mean
ambition” in his efforts to main
tain the Free World nations in a
strong alliance.
The President and Mrs. Eisen
hower motored to the college
from their Gettysburg, Pa.,
farm, where they had spent the
Memorial Day week end. The
Eisenhower farm is about 10
miles from the college and the
President came in the role of a
neighbor to give the commence
ment address.
“Today I fulfill a long-held
ambition,” President Eisenhow
er told the large audience.
“Since 1918, when I was assign
ed command of a camp in Get
tysburg, Pennsylvania, I have
been traveling the road just
beyond the front of this college,
and never before have I had the
opportunity to come in and
meet its personnel, to see inside
— what you feel, the spirit of
the people here.
“And before I proceed fur
ther, may I take the opportun
ity to congratulate you men of
this graduating class. I want to
make special mention of the
young Marine officers now re
ceiving their commissions.”
The President thanked a cho
ral group for its courtesy in
singing two songs “which have
been a part of West Point lore
for these many years.”
“I am interested in this col
lege for a number of reasons,”
the President continued. “One
of them is some of the things
that have been told me about its
founding. I hear that Father
Dubois (Father John Dubois,
S.S., college founder, later third
bishop of New York) came to
this country with an introduc
tion from Lafayette.”
The Chief Executive said he
saw “a certain symbolism” in
the relationship between Lafay
ette, “a great champion of free
dom,” and Father Dubois, “a
great educator.”
This symbolism, he continued,
was carried on when Father Du
bois was taught English by the
patriot Patrick Henry. “Again
friendship, traditions of learn
ing and freedom were symbol
ized in this union,” he said.
A further symbolism, the
President continued, is to be
found in the “fortunate coinci
dence” that when Mt. St. Mary’s
was founded in 1808, “the
United States had just closed
the doors to the importation of
slaves.”
Gen. Eisenhower said that
Father Dubois’s students have
exemplified those “qualities
which have meant so much to
America — courage, creativity,
self-reliance.”
The President said that not
long ago he read where a col
lege junior had complained that
there were no more frontiers
and nothing to crusade for.
“Personally, I think there are
more frontiers to explore, more
crusades that need to be waged,
than ever before in our history,”
the President continued.
“Think of the things there are
to do within the United States,”
he said. “Slum clearance, elimi
nation of sub-standard living
conditions, the bringing of edu
cation to those whose education
has been halted along the way,
the combatting of juvenile de
linquency.”
President Eisenhower said
that, in combatting juvenile de
linquency, it is necessary to give
children “the spirit and the be
lief in the faith of our fathers,
so that they will not get into
miserable juvenile courts be
cause of gangster-like activity.”
The Chief Executive said
there are also “racial problems
that each of us must take to his
heart,” if we believe “in the
Constitution, if we believe the
words of our founding docu
ments, where they say that men
are created equal.”
The President spoke, too, of
“the struggle between atheistic
communism and every kind of
free government which has its
roots in a deeply-felt religious
faith.” He said that men who
believe “in human dignity, in
the value of the individual’s
soul, in every human right
which the founders of this coun
try said was given us by our
Creator” must stand fast in the
conviction that “this struggle of
ours” is truly a combat with
atheistic doctrine.
“I believe,” the President as
serted, “that the core of the
struggle between the free and
despotic worlds today is that
between a religious faith and an
atheistic dictatorship.”
“If that is true, then I can
see no limits to the possibilities
of this type of college, where
faith in our God is put at the
very cornerstone of all that we
hope to achieve —• all America,
or any one of us individually.”
The President told the gradu
ates that there are “such tre
mendous pioneering tasks to
undertake today I believe it al
most safe to say that any one of
your elders here today, if he
could have one wish, it would
be to be joining this class, start
ing out to see what he could do
about it.”
The President saluted the fac
ulty, administration, the stu
dents and the alumni of Mount
St. Mary’s College on its 150th
anniversary. “It has been a par
ticularly great honor to be here,”
he said. “I am particularly
touched by the thoughtfulness
of the authorities in making me
an honorary doctor in this in
stitution. So I shall hope that
the future will give me the
chance, now and then, to see
one of my fellow graduates.”
The President’s address was
informal, delivered from notes.
He pictured the “mass awaken
ing of peoples around the
world, newly found nations,
people who have been denied
all the opportunities of you
young gentlemen, of every kind
of economic activity and op
portunity, everything in the
way of education, spiritual de
velopment.” He said that these
people “are trying to catch up
with the 20th century over
night.”
Americans cannot enjoy free
dom and liberty “if we deny
them to someone else,” the Pres
ident declared. This nation, he
added, cannot accept a position
of isolation, but has an obliga
tion of providing help for un
derdeveloped nations.
Archbishop Francis P.
Keough of Baltimore presided
at the ceremonies and gave the
invocation and benediction. The
President was introduced by
Maryland’s Governor Theodore
R. McKeldin.
Guests included: Bishop
George L. Leech of Harrisburg,
Pa.; Auxiliary Bishop Jerome
D. Sebastian of Baltimore; U.
S. Sen. and Mrs. Glenn Beall
of Maryland; Mayor Thomas
D’Alesandro of Baltimore; Rear
Adm. B. W. Hogan, USN; Jesuit
Father Edward B. Bunn, presi
dent of Georgetown University,
Washington, D. C., the nation’s
oldest Catholic college; Gen. W.
S. Paul, president of Gettysburg
College; James P. McGranery,
former U. S. Atttorney General,
and others.
Sharing speaker honors with
President Eisenhower before the
celebrity-studded audience was
Charles E. Hodges on Nanti-
coke, Pa.., son of a former coal
miner, who delivered the vale
dictory address for the class of
1958.
Young Hodges said that to
day’s college graduates are the
“products of an educational sys
tem which has been questioned;
that they have been labeled
“beat” and “silent”; that they
“have been judged and found
wanting, analyzed and declared
inadequate.” He said that to
day’s colleges graduates “face
a great challenge” and that they
welcome “the stimulating chal
lenge of life.”
The graduates’ cue for the fu
ture, young Hodges said, al
ready had been furnished by
President Eisenhower who once
observed: “When I meet people
of your age then I suddenly rea
lize you are the future, and you
are going to do the things that
we wish now we could do. We
must have faith that each gene
ration gets better, and I am
quite certain that all those
things that you are dreaming
now, and we are hoping for, you
will do.”
The former miner’s son also
recalled: “Long ago in the fall
of 1836, William Henry Harri
son, just prior to the election
which was to make him the
ninth President of the United
States, stopped at Mount St.
Mary’s and addressing the stu
dent body said: ‘Do your duty
from day to day, wherever your
lot is cast, and you will have
done everything, all that God
requires, no matter whether you
occupy a high or low place. If
everyone does his own duty, the
country is safe, the Church is
safe, everyone is safe for this
life and tne next.’ We will fol
low that advice. We will face
the future with faith. We as
sure you that the future is safe
in our hands.”
Msgr. John L. Sheridan, the
college president, said that the
presence of President Eisen
hower climaxed the sesquicen-
tenrual celebration of “this
proud little college” and gave
it “our finest hour.”
He recalled the Mountaineers
creed handed down by the foun
der of the nation’s second oldest
Catholic college, Father Dubois:
“Have faith and you can do any
thing.” The Monsignor charac
terized the President as “a man
whose creed is Dubois’ creed.”
He added:
“Tie has faced the storms of
history’s darkest hour —- con
fidently, with head high and
unflagging belief that our cause
would triumph. He has insisted
time and again over a lifetime
of successful endeavor that
what we believe in, we can do;
that there are no hopeless caus
es, only men who have grown
hopeless about them. For wis
dom tells him that faith march
es at the head of the army of
progress; that it is the keynote
of the most refined life, the free-
est government, the profoundest
philosophy, the noblest poetry,
the purest humanity.”
At a convocation ceremony
the day previous honorary de
grees were bestowed upon Rob
ert F. Kennedy, chief counsel
of the Senate Select Committee
on Improper Actions in the La
bor and Management Field;
Sen. Beall of Maryland, Joseph
M. Wyatt, Baltimore attorney,
and Father Adrian J. M. Veigle,
Minister Provincial of the Third
Order Regular of St. Francis,
Loretto, Pa. Auxiliary Bishop
Philip M. Hannan of Washing
ton, presided at the ceremony.
Commissions in the U. S. Ma
rine Corps were presented to
five of the graduates. Brig. Gen.
Edward A. Montgomery of the
Marines, administered the oath
to his son, Edward, Jr., and the
four other graduates who were
commissioned.
Earlier in the day, baccalau
reate services were held in the
college chapel. The sermon was
given by Father Veigle.
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In Hospital
New Auxiliary
Bishop Visits
Archbishop
LONDON, (NC) — Msgr. Dav
id John Cashman, named Aux
iliary Bishop of Westminster by
His Holiness Pope Pius XII, was
consecrated a successor to the
Apostles here by the old friend
and mentor who ordained him,
Archbishop William Godfrey of
Westminster.
One of Bishop Cashman’s first
acts after consecration was to
visit Archbishop Gerald P. O’
Hara, Bishop of Savannah,
Georgia, and Apostolic Delegate
to Great Britain, recuperating
from bronchial pneumonia at a
hospital on the outskirts of Lon
don. Archbishop Godfrey ac
companied him on the visit to
the American prelate who was
to have presided at the conse
cration.
The consecration as Titular
Bishop of Cantanus took place
in crowded Westminster Cathe
dral, with Bishop Cyril C. Cow-
deroy of Southwark and Bishop
George L. Craven, Vicar Gen
eral and senior Auxiliary Bish
op of Westminster, serving as
consecrators.
The close friendship between
Archbishop Godfrey and Bishop
Cashman added special poig
nancy to the consecration. The
Archbishop had been rector of
the English College in Rome
when Bishop Cashman was a
student there, and it was he who
ordained the priest whome he
now was consecrating. Later,
when Archbishop Godfrey was
named Apostolic Delegate to
Great Britain, he summoned
Msgr. Cashman to serve as his
secretary.
Msgr. Cashman continued on
as secretary to the Apostolic
Delegate when Archbishop God
frey was named Archbishop of
Liverpool and Archbishop O’
Hara became the papal repre
sentative here in 1953. For the.
past two years, the new bishop
has served as pastor of St. Phil
ip Neri’s parish in Arundel,
Sussex, and as chaplain to the
Duke of Norfolk, England’s
leading Catholic layman, at
Arundel Castle.
Services For
Fred Rougher
SAVANNAH — Mr. Fred W.
Roughen died at St. Joseph’s
Hospital on May 8th.
He was buried from the Ca
thedral of St. John on May 10th,
and was interned at Bonaven-
ture Cemetery.
He left a wife, Julia Douglas
Roughen and two children, Fred
Jr. and a daughter, Catherine.
Fr. Robert J. Teoli was the at
tending priest and the celebrant
at the Mass.
SERVICES FOR
R. W. BUFFINGTON
NORTH AUGUSTA, S. C. —
Funeral services for Maj. Robert
W. Buffington, were held May
21st at Our Lady of Peace
Church, Rev. Joseph J. Murphy
officiating.
Survivors are his wife, Mrs.
R. W. Buffington, two sons, Rob
ert Paul Buffington and John
Bruce Buffington; one daugh
ter, Patricia Anne Buffington,
of Belvedere; two sisters; Mrs.
G. B. McConnell of Ames, Iowa
and Mrs. R. Gi Mangutn of Law-
ton, Okla., and one brother,
John Buffington of West
Orange, New Jersey.
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THE BULLETIN, June 14, 1958—PAGE 5
Question
Box
(Continued from Page 4)
the Church does not issue any
positive, absolute guarantee
with regard to their divine ori
gin. Such a guarantee is official
ly given only to public revela
tion: i.e., those truths contained
in Sacred Scripture and Tradi
tion, all of which comprise the
Deposit of Faith, which closed
for all time with the Ascension
of Our Lord into heaven and
with the death of the last apos
tle. Everything we need to
know, all the means we need to
employ, for salvation, are con
tained in public revelation.
THE FACT THAT the First
Friday and First Saturday pro
mises are founded on private rev
elation does not mean that they
are not true, however. On the
contrary, we have as much cer
tainty as to their authenticity
as we have with regard to any
thoroughly substantiated his
torical fact. For it can be dem
onstrated beyond reasonable
doubt that these promises were
revealed by Christ and our Lady
and that they have been handed
down without substantial error.
It would be historically fool
hardy, then, to reject the au
thenticity of these promises.
Likewise, it would be imprudent
to ignore them. As one theolo
gian cautions in this matter:
“The traditions received in the
Church may not be lightly re-
j e c t e d without considerable
temerity. The faithful, therefore,
are bound to give a prudent re
ligious assent to such (tradi
tions).”
ASSUMING THAT the First
Friday and First Saturday pro
mises are perfectly authentic,
how are we to interpret them?
NOT AS absolutely infallible,
in the sense that their mere ful
filment suffices for salvation.
Even the sacraments cannot pro
duce grace independently of the
intention and worthiness of the
recipient. Obviously prerequi
site to the fulfillment of the
promises is compliance with the
ordinary means for salvation. So
that anyone who makes the
First Fridays or First Saturdays
in the presumptuous expecta
tion that he can hereafter live
just as he pleases has failed to
meet the essential pre-condition
underlying the promises.
YET IF a person does try to
live a good life in accordance
with God’s laws, there is no
reason why the promises cannot
be interpreted quite strictly: i.e.,
that God will, at the hour of
death, support one’s soul with
the grace of final perseverance
in some extraordinary manner.
Q: Whal does the period for
making one's Easter Duty termi
nate?
A: A third and fourth chief
precepts of the Church are, re-
spectivity: “To confess at least
once a year,” and “To receive
the Holy Eucharist during the
Easter time.”
Here in the United States “the
Easter time” extends from the
first Sunday of Lent through
Trinity Sunday, inclusive. This
year Trinity Sunday fell on
June 1.
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