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PAGE 2—THE BULLETIN, December 10, 1960
BROOKWOOD
SERVICE STATION
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TR. 6-2171 Atlanta, Ga.
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CATHOLIC PATRIOTISM
WON FRIENDS DURING
CIVIL WAR
Increased attention has been
given recently to Alexis De
Tocqueville. After his visit to
the Unite'! States in the 1830’s
this Frenchman wrote so pen-
etratingly of democracy in
America that even the exag
gerated adulation of Henry
Adams could not rob his writ
ings of their worth.
Within a couple of years af
ter the death of this scholarly
statesman further demonstra
tion had come of his declara
tion: “The Catholics of the
United States- are at the same
time the most faithful believ
ers in God and the most zeal
ous citizens of the Republic.”
The first opportunity for
Catholics to establish their
loyalty to America had come
during the Revolution from
England: already we have
seen how splendidly that test
was met.
The passage of almost “four
score and seven years” had
dimmed for some the remem
brance of the glorious record
of Catholics during the Ameri
can Revolution. Nativists had
come not only to question
their loyalty but their very
eligibility to become true cit
izens. Not by words but by
deeds — this time “in a great
Civil War” — Catholics vindi
cated De Tocqueville’s judg
ment of their being the best
of citizens.
SIXTY-NINTH REGIMENT
Three days after the first
shot was fired at Fort Sumter
President Lincoln called for
75,000 volunteers. New York’s
Sixty-Ninth Regiment was the
first to respond. Within 48
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hours these soldiers, mostly
Irish Catholic laddies, were on
their way to the front.
Five years of potato tamine
in Ireland and heartless evic
tion by English landlords had
brought thousands of impov
erished Irish immigrants to
the United States in the dec
ade preceding the Civil War.
Due to the difference in the
size of the cities the influx of
the sons of Erin had been even
more noticeable in Boston
than in New York.
Often landing absolutely
destitute, Irish lads and even
lassies had eagerly accepted
any sort of work. The 50,000
and more in the Hub City had
crowded into the North End
and Fort Hill. Soon-it became
almost a proverb to say that a
good workman, did as much as
an Irishman.
Notwithstanding, the Puri
tan social and financial aristo
cracy despised these newcom
ers. Unable to understand
their deep loyalty to Catholi
cism, an eminent historian has
criticized the Boston Irish for
refusing to take jobs distant
from “the ministrations of
their priests. Oppressed for
their religion in Erin, the spi
ritual sons of St. Patrick en
countered similar opposition
when searching for work in
Boston by signs which read
“No Irish Need Apply.”
These placards were hur
riedly removed because of the
unflinching loyalty of the Irish
Catholics to their newly
adopted country. General
Burnside erred grieviously in
attacking Lee’s impregnable
position at Fredericksburg.
But for the Gaelic members of
the Irish Brigade “their not to
reason why, their’s but to do
and die.”
A correspondent for the
London Times marveled at the
“undaunted courage display
ed by the Sons of Erin” as
they made seven successive
stormings of the ^invincible
position from which the Con
federates poured forth shot
and shell. Two-thirds of Gen
eral Thomas Meagher’s Bri
gade never again answered
roll call. They had not died in
vain. No nativist back in Bos
ton dared question the love of
the Irish Catholics for their
new-found homeland.
Highly important to the Un
ion was preventing European
nations from allying with the
South or recognizing the Con
federacy as independent. In
October, 3861, Archbishop
John Hughes of New York was
invited to Washington. There
President Lincoln commission
ed him to present the position
of the Union to the Catholic
Emperor of France, Napoleon
III.
After he had disembarked
at Liverpool the Archbishop
stated his intention in a' let
ter to a Cardinal in Rome:
“I made known to the Pres
ident that if I should come to
Europe, it would not be as a
partisan of the North more
than of the South; that I
should represent the interests
of the South as well as the
North — in short, the interests
of all the United States, just
the same as if they had never
been distracted by the pres
ence of a war.”
On Christmas Eve at the
Tuileries Hughes had a long
conversation with Napoleon
and the Empress Eugenie. As
a consequence France neither
intervened in the struggle nor
accorded official recognition to
the Confederacy.
PACIFIES RIOTERS
In his numerous letters to
Secretary of State William
Seward, Archbishop Hughes
mentioned visiting European
spas in the hope that the baths
might revive his health. On his
return to America it was evi
dent that' not many days were
left to him. Notwithstanding,
he made one more effort to aid
his adopted country.
Volunteers having become
insufficient, Congress enacted
the country’s first draft law in
1863. When the initial names
were being drawn. in New
York, the city was immobiliz
ed by a riot which lasted four
days. The poor had revolted
against enforcement because
the regulations permitted an
exemption to be purchased for
$300.00 and because foreign la
bor was being imported to
keep wages from rising.
At the height of the melee
the governor appealed to
Hughes to pacify the insurrec
tionists. Physically incapable
of even standing, the Arch
bishop had notices posted in
viting the rioters to come to
his residence. Seated in a chair
on a balcony, the Archbishop
pleaded with his listeners to
cease the commotion. Having
given his blessing, Archbishop
Hughes retired from what was
his last public appearance.
Three days after the New
Year began this valiant Irish-
American churchman and pa
triot breathed his last.
During the War with Mexico
President Polk had provided
for a few Catholic chaplains.
After the War between the
States commenced Lincoln
wrote Archbishop Hughes. The
President stated he could find
no law governing hospital
chaplains, but “I will thank
you to give me the name or
names of one or more suitable
persons of the Catholic
Church” who would be ap
pointed for that purpose.
Among the priests who serv
ed in the Union forces several
became distinguished prelates,
such as Archbishop John Ire
land of St. Paul and Bishop
Lawrence McMahon of Hart
ford. Patrick J. Ryan, later
Coadjutor Bishop of St. Louis
and Archbishop of Philadel
phia, resigned his chaplaincy
because he felt he could do
better work in the hospital
among Southern prisoners of
war as a volunteer priest.
Many others offered their
services as the need arose.
When there was no priest
at all in Fredericksburg,
though “the city is literally a
hospital,” Bernard McQuaid
went there from Newark, New
Jersey, to attend the dying.
The future first Bishop of Ro
chester, New York, remained
until another priest was as
signed.
In the South the clergy
were not at first exempt from
conscription. Bishop Patrick
N. Walsh of Charleston having
protested, priests were then as
signed as chaplains for the
Confederate forces. Among
them was Francis Xavier Le-
ray, later Archbishop of New
Orleans. Abram Ryan, poet-
priest of the South, was a vol
unteer chaplain amid the
fighting in the West.
In a gallant attempt to ob
tain foreign assistance Bishop
Walsh evaded the northern
naval blockade and crossed the
Atlantic. His perilous voyage
was in vain, for by then Eu
rope recognized that the cause
of the valiant men in grey was
lost.
Probably the Church deriv
ed most benefit from the serv
ices of the members of the
various Sisterhoods. Early in
1862 the Union Government
formally requested that Sisters
be assigned as nurses.
To many Americans women
in religious orders or congre
gations were something entire
ly unknown. Those who saw
them on duty, and especially
all who benefited from their
tender care, never again would
listen to any calumny direct
ed against these dedicated wo
men.
MONUMENT FOR SISTERS
Especially at Gettysburg did
Sisters win the title, “Angels
of the Battletield.” From near
by Emmitsburg Sisters of
Charity were taken in wagons
over muddy roads to care for
the fifty thousand killed and
wounded on both sides. One
unforgettable scene was Sister
Petronilla Breen sitting on a
shattered tree stump making
compresses from strips of ma
terial she had torn from gar
ments of her own which she
had brought.
William Tecumseh Sherman
was not beloved in the South
after his march through Geor
gia. But Sisters at Charles
ton found him both gracious
and understanding when they
sought to take their orphan
charges from that beseiged
city. No doubt remembering
his own Catholic wife, Sher
man appointed a military es
cort for the Sisters and the
little children. Later the Union
General visited the Religious
and their pupils.
In 1914 the Ladies Auxiliary
of the Ancient Order of Hiber
nians petitioned for a monu
ment in the national capital to
the Sisters who served during
the Civil War. Ten years were
spent in gathering authentic
data. The official records re
vealed that more than 600 Sis
ters had been enrolled in
service, plus many unrecorded
volunteers. The monument to
the “Nuns of the Battlefield”
was unveiled in Washington
on September 20, 1924. It
stands today opposite the en
trance to St. Matthew’s Cathe
dral as the nation’s tribute to
these devoted women.
Drear days again would
come to the Church in Ameri
ca, but there would be no bas
is for criticism of Catholic
loyalty. The patriotism of the
faithful had met the supreme
test in battle and proved true
and unyielding. Again the
God of peace had drawn good
out of war.
Next issue: Bigotry in High
Places During Reconstruction
Period.
Hamilton
Realty Company
• Farm Lands
• Commercial Property
• Development Property
• Homes
• Rentals
• Insurance and Loans
5280 Buford Hwy.
GL.7-7249 DORAVILLE
Mission Pafron
The feast of St. Francis
Xavier, whose likeness is
shown above, is celebrated
on December 3. The apostle
of the Indies was born in
1506 at Pamplona in Spain.
As a Jesuit missioner, his
labors in India and Japan
were remarkable. He died in
1552 on the island of San-
cian, near Macao, while try
ing to reach China. He was
canonized in 1662. (NC
Photos)
Requiem Mass
For Bishop
McNamara
WASHINGTON, (NC)—Sol
emn Pontifical Requiem Mass
was offered here for Auxiliary
Bishop John M. McNamara of
Washington, who ordained
more priests than any living
U. S. bishop.
Bishop McNamara suffered
a stroke on Thanksgiving Day.
He died two days later (Nov.
26) in Providence Hospital. He
was 82.
Archbishop Patrick A. O’
Boyle of Washington offered
the Requiem Mass (Dec. 1) in
St. Matthew’s cathedral. The
sermon was preached by Msgr.
John K. Cartwright, rector of
the cathedral.
Bishop McNamara was bur
ied at St. Joseph’s College,
Emmitsburg, Md., in the same
mausoleum as Venerable
Mother Elizabeth Seton, U. S.
foundress of the Daughters of
Charity. He had long been ac
tive in promoting her canoni
zation cause.
He was born in Baltimore in
1878 and studied at Loyola
College and St. Mary’s Semi
nary there. Oradined a priest
in 1902, he served as pastor
and assistant in several par
ishes in Baltimore, rural Mary
land and Washington. He was
consecrated Auxiliary Bishop
of Baltimore on March 29,
1928.
When the Archbishop of
Washington became a residen
tial See in 1947, he was ap
pointed Auxiliary to Arch
bishop Patrick A. O’Boyle of
Washington.
MARRIAGES
0 o
1 DILLON-WOMBLE j
o o
SAVANNAH — Miss Jacque
lyn Womble, daughter of Mr.
and Mrs. Morrie Marvin Wom
ble and Thomas Joseph Dillon,
son of Mrs, Thomas Dillon and
the late Mr. Dillon were mar
ried November 19th at the
Church of the Most Blessed
Sacrament, Rev. George C.
James, officiating.
O-
-O
ORREL-WEIMAR |
O O
SAVANNAH — Miss Mary
Angela Weimar, daughter of
Mr. and Mrs. Charles F. Wie-
mar and Larry Raymond Or
rel, son of Mr. and Mrs. Ray
mond Orrel, Jr., were married
November 20th at the Church
of the Blessed Sacrament, Rev.
George C. James officiating.
* * *
O O
| GOODE-BROOKS |
O —O
SAVANNAH BEACH — Miss
Diane Brooks, daughter of Mr.
and Mrs. Wiley Clay Brooks,
and Bernard Norbett Goode,
son of’ Mrs. Margaret Nelson
Goode and the late Jamie C.
Goode, of Atlanta were mar
ried November 12th at the
Church of the Nativity of Our
Lord, Rev. Aloysius Wachter,
O.S.B., officiating.
O-
REYNOLDS-SEGGIE
-O
O-
-O
MONROE — Miss Katherine
Cecilia Mary Seggie, daughter
of Mr. and Mrs. Archibald
Seggie of Transvaal, South
Africa, and Robert Grier Rey
nolds, son of Mr. and Mrs.
Joshua Grier Reynolds, of
Monroe, were married Novem
ber 26th at St. Anna’s Mission
with a nuptial mass, Rev.
John Barry officiating.
O-
-O
| DOBBINS-MEREDITH [
O O
ATLANTA — Miss Harriet
Montague Meredith, daughter
of Mr. and Mrs. John C. Mere
dith and John Joseph Dobbins,
son of Mr. and Mrs. John Jos
eph Dobbins, son of Mr. and
Mrs. John H. Dobbins of Bar
tow, Fla., were married No
vember 26th at the Cathedral
of Christ the King, Rev. John
J. Mulroy officiating.
O-
McCARTHY-HAURY
-O
O-
-O
ATLANTA —Miss Miriam
Haury, daughter of Mr. and
Mrs. J. A. Haury and Jerome
Richard McCarthy of Atlanta,
son of Mr. and Mrs. R. F. Mc
Carthy of Miami, Fla., were
married November 12th at St.
Anthony’s Church, Rev. Leon
ard X. Mayhew officiating.
O-
KANE-HOFFMAN
-O
O O
SAVANNAH — M!iss Patricia
Marie Hoffamn, daughter of
Mr. and Mrs. George Frederick
Hoffman of Savanna-h and Jos
eph Aloysius Kane, Jr., son of
Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Aloysius
Kane, Sr., were married No
vember 19th at the Cathedral
of St. John the Baptist with
a nuptial mass, Rt. Rev. Msgr.
James T. McNamara P.A.V.
G.V.F. officiating.
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