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Centennial
of the Birth
' of Julian W. Mack
July 19. 1966. marked the 100th
anniversary of the birth of Julian
W. Mack, the Zionist leader and
pioneering jurist for social im
provement. Judge Mack's espousal
of individual conscience, the re
habilitation of juvenile offenders,
and Zionism won for him a rep
utation not far below that of his
friends and associates, Supreme
Court Justices Louis D. Brandeis
and Felix Frankfurter. His dis
tinguished career as lawyer, edu
cator. judge, and communal leader
testified to his eminence in the
ranks of American Jewry. Many
of his papers are to be found in
the files of the American Jewish
Archives on the Cincinnati campus
of the Hebrew Union College-Jew-
ish Institute of Religion.
Born at San Francisco in 1866,
Julian W. Mack grew up in Cin
cinnati, where his family had al
ready been prominent for many
years. He was only twenty-four
when, after his graduation from
Harvard Law School and three
years of graduate work at the Uni
versities of Berlin and Leipzig, he
began to practice law in Chicago.
Five years later he became pro
fessor of law at Northwestern
University, and in 1902 he joined
the faculty of the University of
Chicago. He won election as judge
of the Circuit Court of Cook Coun
ty. Illinois, in 1903, and was re
elected in 1909. During these years
on the bench, he presided over
Chicago's famous Juvenile Court
and evolved a new method of
treating youthful lawbreakers. He
advanced his judicial career no
tably when he was named to the
United States Commerce Court in
1911, and two years later to the
United States Circuit Court. Soon
thereafter. Judge Mack was ap
pointed to serve on the Commit
tee of Labor of the Council of Na
tional Defens? and as umpire on
the National War Labor Board.
During the First World War, the
plight of East European Jewry and
his own passionate concern for
justice stimulated his participation
in the Zionist Movement. In 1918,
he was elected president of the
Zionist Organization of America at
a time that he was already hold
ing the first presidency of the
The Southern Israelite
American Jewish Congress. Mack
was a leader in the negotiations to
establish a Jewish homeland after
the issuance of the Balfour Dec
laration, and his efforts mediated
the conflicts at the Paris Peace
Conference in 1919. His influence
continued while he served in the
executive body of the American
Jewish Committee.
Julian Mack’s interest in edu
cation was reflected in his service
as a member of the Board of
Overseers at Harvard College. He
was also a Trustee of the Hebrew
University of Jerusalem, and a
founder of the Mack School in the
same city. He was a founder and
Board Chairman of the Jewish In
stitute of Religion in New York.
His enlightened liberal outlook
had a valuable influence on these
and all the other institutions in
which he took an active inteiest.
He sought, in particular, to pro
vide assistance for needy students
working their way through col
lege. M^ck had a special coneein
for youth, a concern which even
predated his assumption in 1917
of the first presidency of the na
tional organization of the YM and
YWHA. His work in behalf of
American and World Jewry ended
only with his death in 1943.
Judge Mack, for all his accom
plishments, remained a humble,
unpretentious person. His devotion
to Zionism was very deep. When
he visited the Hebrew Union Col
lege years ago, Dr. Jacob R. Mar
cus, now Director of the Archives,
but then a young instructor, asked
him if he would sit with a handful
of men to discuss the nature and
problems of Zionism. The judge
was only too happy to accede and
spent the whole evening talking to
a half dozen men about the cause
to which he was so utterly de
voted.
The American Jewish Archives,
which has preserved a sizeable
body of material about Judge
Mack, operates under the direction
of Professor Marcus. Some of the
research for Harry Barnard’s
forthcoming biography of Judge
Mack was done at the Archives on
the Hebrew Union College campus
in Cincinnati.
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