Newspaper Page Text
TEXAS.
The following exirnci of a Idler from a gen-
firman (ravelling in Texas, to iho editor ofthe
Mobile Patriot, maybe relied upon, we are as-
fur the correctness of the statements :
,_r'i 'trillion Courier.
Sir,—“ In answer to your enquiries respect-
in" Texas, I have to ubsorve, that from hav
ing travelled through a considerable purl of
.tustbi’s colony, I nm able to state from my
own observations, and information from the
mu-1 unquestionable sources, that for stock
•oising and cotton growing, jt surpasses Nny
.•miiitry I hnvo seen or ever heard of. Of corn
it is equally productive, and in ihc fust crop
raised by poor emigrants, it is not unusual lor
rlicin to cover the seed with a hoe, and leave
the nop to take care of itself,under 'Min h cir-
■ mosiances it often produces 301» 40 bushel*,
ami with good cultivation 70 to 100 bushels to
it:.- m re. The lower pari of the polony, from
riments that !<ava been made, is found
equally adapted to the growth of sugar euitn,
ami iiolhing but the waul of capital Inis pre
vented its general cultivation. In my recent
visit I have been fully convinced of the re.
murk "Inch I heard Inst year from a gentle-
irmn who had visited the colony, and which I
tliouglil savoured of enthusiasm. “Thai il
eo„ls more tlic-re to raiso a chicken than n
row,’’ the immense prairies furnishing the liesl
grazing fer 9 or 10 months, anil the limber
liiinia, u giecn grass for the 2 or 3 winter
moo hs.
Tne majority of lbs land is Prntrie. but nil
the rivers and erpeks are limbered. Thu
rtuirin has been hut little cultivated, Inn titter
lltc tirst year’s cultivation, will no doubt pro-
ns well or nearly so, as the linil
land, flic leagues surveyed and laid off tnr
emigrants, on all the water courses, have
narrow front on the water courses, and arc a.
arranged as to give u portion ot Prairie m tli
rear
The colony is remarkably well watered and
fur • niied with navigable streams, /among
wlorli are the (laud.iloupe, I,a Haulm, Colora
do. Bernard, llrassuH, and l^un Jnnetnlu.
T<i« tirst cotton |ilanimg commenced five
years since, and within the last two yenrs se
ver I i..ve lollowed (lie example, nn<l the most
satisiactory uvideacu of us productiveness,
wtl be touild ill the following statement of the
last crop w a settlement of four families, outlie
ltio lirassos, between llrnssona and the sea-
board, aay within <* or 10 miles of the Half of
Mexico. This was not an extraordinary crop,
hut of similar product to previous nm s.
Al’Neil cultivated in cotton with 21 field
hands, 142 lira, and produced 140 hales
avenging 625 lbs. each.
Uestull cultivated 71 acres, 7 field hands,
and produced 76 Imlos, 640 lbs each.
Randon cultivated 50 acres, 5 field hands,
and produced 50 bales, 560 lbs. each.
Munson cultivated 50 acres, S fi.ilil hands,
and produced 40 hulos, of 560 Ins. each.
They all cultivated timber laud, tied with as
much laud elenr- d as Ins force could have at
tended to, the first named plan'er would easi
ly have raised 8 to 10 bales round, and Hie
latter th the same increased proportion. Frum
thu above it will bo obvious that a ncighlmi
ltund would have produced with sulficieul
open lands for iho foil employment of their
force, 10 bales averaging upwards of 500 lbs.
to each field hand—besidos iho ueeessury
crop of corn for Iho plantation an I family use.
Two of iho ahovn persons arc this year emu-
menoing the cultivation of Prairie land, which
ns well ns thu limber land, are planted in cot
ton thu first year of cultivation, though the
product is better Iho second. It will bo seen
Him the lauds already cultivated have produ
ced from 2200 to 2500 lbs. of seed coilon In
the acre, and iho latter quantity is iho average
of each season’s crop, atli-r the first year’s
pluming, while eomo of iho plniilers nuimul
as-oii'il mo Ihal lands m li>o colony pmduced
jioOO lbs. lu thu acre.”
From the Getimer Farrar r.
.B.vri'DKSKA AND K.AIH.Y V.'ltK Q ABB ACE.
,Vr. Gooitsetl,—Although both those kinds
of cabbage may be raised trt tbn open mr in
this dim,lie, yet those who wish grind sJmo
head-- ill the oiotllh of June or early ill July,
should sow their sped la a hut-bed about Iho
first"dI A:-nl. These plains may bo removed
inio the open air about the first of May, and
treated in iho ordinary way, and will furnish n
good supply ol hesrls early in July ; at least a
inumh earlier than they can bn raised to iho
open mr At present the seeds of iheso kinds
of cabbage are mostly imported from Kngluud,
at great expense, which may he avoided, ns I
know by oxpeneneqi by sowing n lew seeds of
each kind between the first and mid, lo ot Ju-
ly ; tin so being transplanted ui,d treated lik
ling, trit!i fkfl) anJ nealness, tiro oil from tiro
suitun nnd curd with which it is combined in
the milk, and of seasoning it to suil the pulato.
The art of preferring good butter lies in so
keeping it as to liovu it retain its rich, sweet
flavor. Tl.o best method l know of effecting
these objects, is embraced in the following
rules :
1. In tiro first place, seo that your cows are
supplied with plenty of nutritious food. This
is tiro raw material from which it is madc,und
unless this is good arid abundant, iho inunu-
fueturec! article will lie scanty and poor.
2. Let the milk be set in shnllow broad
pans, of wooden, tin, or stonw earthenware, to
facilitate ilm operation of the eraam, in a cool,
clean apartment. Red glaZi d earthen is had ;
and lead is often poisonous. I think the best
lemperaturo is about 50 degs. of Farcnheit.
3. I,el the < ream or milk * be churned be
fore it loyr become rancid or hitter; ns at this
stage il has lost its finest qualifies for hatter.
4. Tlio operation of churning should he mo
di rntcly and regularly performed. If loo slow,
and at intervals only, (be separalr-n is te
dious uni! uncertain. If violent, ihe cream is
too much heated, arid yields a white ineipped
butter.
5. Put no water wiijj your oronm nor with
your milk. The flivor, I muv say aroma,
which gives to butter its high value, is u.x-
rtemely volatile, is disengaged by heat. and.
materially diasipnled bv water. Work lire la
dle, in a wooden bowl, who'll iruiv hn set in
wn'er to cool Iho mas- ; and while Ibis opera
tion is being completed, mix ptiro fine -all f
enough vvilli the hutiet to season it for the ta
ble, and scl it by in the how I m a r-o.il cellar In!
next day—at which lime the sett will lie
cumpletoly do solved, when it is to he (tier-
nnghlv iniOirporated bv again working the
belter vvilli Ihe woollen ladle until every parti
cle if liquid is exp'dled.
Tlie mulling proic- ' is now rnmpl-le.d—
I'o preserve the rich fl.ii ,.r w:,n li fins process
secures, pack tin- butler mcly dawn m a per-
fircily light ves-d, and riHiH is butler than a
.'lone earlheii jar, without a particle of adit,
tumid salt; enooih the siirltice, and rov.-r ihc
top two inclies with a strong cold t rine, which
lias been made by boiling and skieu ing the
materials. If a pellicle or scum is seen to
riso upon the pickle.
I am accustomed lo eat butter, of May,
Juno and October, made nnd preserved in this
way, when it is from six lo twelve months old
without perceiving nny rnntbri.il difference be
tween il and that which is fresh mudu.—-V. K.
mill er.
* lo s great port of New York, Hie milk is churned ;
New Knelan'l, rener.illv only ihe errsm. The
Dutch tiicihsd I Ihuik prishices file inns' butter.
tlav.-rpool blown sail will ant keep butt'-r sweet,
anil is besides deleterious In lieullli ivlieu need Tor cnli-
nry pnrpoee*. Seethe nenlysi, offiii* -alt in an early
l-i. of me New York Medic.il Jmirmil h> l)r-. Miller
n.J Mitr.lielh They ascribe to its line much ol the
rekacss wlticli afflicts parts of our country. Pare al
lot Hull alone soould lie mod, after il is ground nr
re I p*Sim11).I Too enli made at Onondaga, by solar
vap.iratinn, and Hold mi cusk^, f.*r table iihc, is ptTha|ia
h pure min late of Soda as comes in the market.
to Bad, that, notwiihrivading the restriction ) thrown I sciences, ore rapidly progressing—while la-
around the action oflhe committee, by the friends oft hour-saving machines are multiplying Ihepro-
the Bank, forbidding x fu.l and thorough examination j Juctive industry of man tt thousand fold, and
into all its transactions; our worthy representative, j putting vvilli in his reach, many ol the comforts
the chairman of the committee, hat in his report, folly an d conveniences and luxuries af life, of which
redeemed his pledg-; at least so far as he was allowed j W ns formerly ignorant, wbat, comparative-
to do rn by the rennlniion under which he octed. The I \y speaking, has been done to diffuse Ihe rioli-
clisrge prnfered sgsiwt tlie Bank of “ils having viola- tr blessings ofknowledge, and lo bring, to «v-
ted iia charter,” ha,been bv the commillre in its re- er y man’s door, tlie luxuries of a well eultiva-
pnrt, we think, clctry substantiated in the fallowing ted mind ? While we discard the notions of
instances: feudal aristocracy and proclaim to Ihe world
“l«t. In relaiionl, ninry. I that ull men are by nuture, and of right
2d. In relation to the issuing of branch orders, as a 0U gf,( | 0 bo f rec >* while vve trumpet abroad
rr»nlatinn. B . , . , .. '
the great principle ol our republican institu
tions, (lint the humblest citizen is, by birth,
entitled to all the privileges and immunities of
Ihe most exalted, liavo we taken all the ne
cessary steps to secure to him real liberty?
Have we not left the great nines ofour citizens
under the impression that nny considerable ad
vances in the acquisition of literature and sci
ence mast be confined lo the few who have
wealth and leisure ? The ascent np the hill of
science has been represent, d as so long and
so steep, and so difficult, that none need at
tempt its dangerous heights, except such ns
can mount on golden ladders and spend a life
of toil in overcoming the formidable obstacles
which obstmet their march towards its prond
summit. We permit Die lew to monopolize
the sweet retreats of knowledge, and undis
turbed by the many, to recline beneath the
shades ol* the
dual from It:
Th^ Southern Banner.
I’ukndav, May 15, 1832.
ay !>•’ uwufcl, ti»nl if
To Corrr*pon lcntx.~C,(v\i'\
by publishing hiiwunri (M
••n Account ofalvl*. ami Pent it
Iiip views in obtaining mi object h» clepiruhlrns the wife*
ilePfiibcH, wc would certainly (In no ; but wo fear
circulation.
3*1. 'Die celling coin, and particularly American
coin. ♦♦*•♦**♦
.5th. Making donations for roads and canal*, and
other objects.
6(h. Building houses to rent or sell, and erecting
other structures in oidofthat »»hj*>el.”
Wo would cheerfully lay the whole of this Report be
fore our readers, but its great length forbids. We hope
however, to he enabled in our next io publish the de
fence of it, in the Ifouso of Representatives, by Judge
Clayton, in answer to Mr. McDuffie; who it seems, in
a most unwaranted end unprecedented manner, at
tempted to answrec the Report before it had been read
to the House, or its arguments known lo a single
member* The Report concludes ns follows:
“ ft is obvious, from the statements submitted, and
the correspondence with the treasury concerning the
public debt, and die Huf-tuahous of tlie revenue of (Jo*
v» rnimuit, that these have hitherto essentially affected
the general circulation and operations of the Bank ol
ihe United States, tl would, therefore, seen to your
committee to \m mo*< judicious not to act upon the
({•lentimi of reeliart trin g that institutioii, or of charter
ing any other nati« rial batik; until the public debt shall
have been paid of, ond the public revenue filial! have
been adjusted to Ihe rncaairc of our federal expendi
ture*.’*
Stanberry vs. To i/on.-—We have copied into our
paper of this weel* the evidence of tne Hon. A. Buck
ner, Senator from Missouri, in ‘his nil important case,
Mr. Buckner was an eye witness to the runcountre,
and his statement of facts will place the matter befn •
our readers in a dear and satisfactory light, at least so
far us regard* thi assault, and the conduct of the par
ties at that time. Tiie Ohio representative has cer*
m dv mi.sed tbefigiirc very much in dragaing the af
fair before Corigrss. Had he have pocketed thedrub-
bi ig. said nothinf about it, and trusted to time to cant
il-4 «hude of forge fulness nround his conduct, nnd the
lisgrae-i attached to i>, lie would have ac*ed a niv'-r
pari--as it is, he has sought and will accomplish f<*r
himself, a never dying Fame ! JXot less Thun $50,000 ot
the peoples money he has cause d to be. spent for the sole
purposes of having hi.^owii infamy nnd disgrace record
ed an J pin *. J in the archives of the nuwo nl l< gi«tatmc!
Ili« maJi,.ri it and iinau'horisud attai k on Ihe Prcsidei •
a id Gov. Houston, charging them with fraud—.iis poor
nnd conteniptiblo defeecs, arrn**d nnd accoutred ns be
was for the combat, when attacked by Houston, n man
his inferior in hizo, niid maimed of an arm since the
war—his disgraceful attempt to slander the reputation
of Col. Buckner, a witness in ihc case, and for whiri<
he was compelled pubiickly *oapologize tothetl m-c—
his pitiful np iogy, aitd in lino the pititulnoes of his
whole course throughout this transaction, juatthe* the
monument that Cnngri s* is about to erect to his me*
mory.
(•eorqia Teachers Me*ting.—In December last a largt
and respectable meeting tf ;be Teachers of Georgia,
convened at tVIi!Iedg**vilb*, and fore.ed themselves into
a society for the purpose of c tablishiog a uniform
tern of education, more full;, to promote the advance
ment of the catue throughout the slate, bud of cl ova l*
j ing theii profession to its proper s’unJiug in the cnti-
! iiiation of the couiniuni.ty. The Society wns organized
j and we iinderfcttt'tl goes into operation under the most
j favorable and puimUiogcircumstances- Such a •oc.ie-
ly hr* long been a cieaidcr«itum ill our section of coun-
ever objeettniialih, botli j |.y, aJll j lVC <-,ri>nol but augur the most favorable and
j auspicious results lo the Statc.fron. the united and con*
nvntrated action of a body of men ol onceso numerous
„ . ,. x , t H . and respe ctable. The ** pedagogue” ciiaracicr which
(*<cleb« has fixed his stoncaid of Ktim le excvllence at., . % „ .. , , . . . ,
. . , .. ... has been so illiberally a'tacln d to the prolesaiona
n rate, and that with nil the aid \v« could yivc j
hint, disappointment would still attend hi* Ou tsteps.
If t'cDh'bs in really atiX'Oiis fur a wife, wewo>dd recom-
; Teacher of youth, in grudually giving way, ami the day
; is not lardiatant, when ihe learned and accoinplisued
msi'uctor, will take his stand by ihc side ofthe Divine,
u.uail him by ■« '"«»»• towouri. tl... lir.. Ri.l ha j Ljwyirnn( , „, c Fl l} ,ici«u. Tl." llll..*in B acliirc,
with, possessing one Aof/the grace* of mi ni and •—
. -I«livertd berc*re the tiocit tv by n Cotutniltte appointed
h ” ,lu#c ' lb ''" “ "ixeMury to hi, happoii'..^■ l.a;! tllI , tal polpo , t( w#h# „ co p lwl ilUo „hh
like .mu-! mucll ( ,| liaHUrBl und «« '(.coiiiiiu nd it lolhu atiemiun,
ami ijii|il. 'ii.i'.'C..UKidt!ration ot'llio.u who feel un inter-
temilil fill'll Uku iiii.inennH * lii inis, formed
Hull uf Hi'hIi and liloiid, and not I In: phantom of ■ dm-
a,ud luioniimluoi. t
riiecuni ounicatinn of“ A \Vatrgi)nor" on the sjtj.
jecl of uur market ruad* i» recicvvd, and nh.il liav a
piure in uur next.
a iii lukc tin, opportunity to arknnwli dgc II,e
receipt of nunierunH tavnr. tr«m uur tVaxhii.gioii City
friend,—particularly uro ivn mduhted to our n prc»tm- j ruigiiuiiij' ,o Iiim'h allunfioii in our roiintry, iih
tativoH, Micaii, Cluyion, Wndu ami Foster, lur Cum- ' II.Ht r.l lvIue.Hiiitn. And no Huftjei't, no it|)-
jjriwHiuiial d'.tumuiii, uml paper,,.fgiiai inuri.«i «ml j |*r«'licnd, 'ihi'ilier considered kilh respm t to
aluu—fur those favors, wo return them our oiiivoto i advantatoB, to imlividuals or to tlio nation
is more worthy the attnniinn of an
! i'bi in lim pre.ont well a re, ora pride in the future re-
pantu.n and filory ot riie State, 't lie Society, wc un-
dy/MS.irl. mil hi,III its next meeting at Macon on the
srcoml Monday of June next.
*' P‘ rlnqis no Mulijeet IH, at ilia present time,
the most honorable, is but too often a term of
reproach- Now should rot some step be ta
ken by the citizens of our state, to raise the
standard of this profession, and wjp 0 o(T
ibis stigma from our character, so far at least,
ns to make his employment honorable, who is
to be the instructor of our youth in knowledge
nnd who should he their guide and pattern in
morals ? The importance of well educated in
structors is acknowledged by all; nnd yet how
many, who are altogether incompetent, aro
found in this profession ? IIow many are in
trusted wfili the minds and morals of our
children, whom we would not intrust with a
small portion of our property ? These things
ought not so to be, and yet so they will re
main, unless the community at large is aroused
upon the subject. And if the occasional as
sembling of teachers in convention from'dif
ferent parts ofthe state, shall bring the minds
of our citizens to bear upon this subject as it
ought, nn important point will have been gain
ed. For whenever the peop’e of the stale
are aroused, the legislature will act; whenrv.
cr such plans are devised as (he people them
selves believe ought to bo adopted, the Legis
lature will not fail to meet ihe views of theit.
constituents—they will not hesitnte to carry
into effect what they know to be the. wish nf n
vast majority of the citizens of the Slate.
Thut some more systematic plan should be
adopted for the establishment and support of
Academic grove. If an indivi-1 common schools, is a truth acknowledged by
lutii-r clti.-» has. occasionally j ull. That the general advantages of an Ena-
t general advantages of an Eng-
bur-t tin: shackles of lift rarv and scientific j lish education should be within the reach of
despotism, he has been considered a Hetcu-[ every child in our state, will not be disputed
las in inf-ntul strength, and not a proper exam
pie for common iinitiiMon. “If some votary
lots dined to kindle upon Ihe humble hearth of
the peasant, a fire hgiuej from the sun of Phi
losophy, ho Inis been- viewed tis u daring Pro
metheus, ns alums'. an intruder upon sacred
by any; That this is not now the case, is too
laine.iitably true, loo palpably manifest to neod
any proof. Many poor men hnve it not in
their power lo send their children to any
school; they are not able to board them from
home, or even to pny Iho low tuition of our
Hint forbidden ground.” We seem to consider j imperfect common schools. Is it good poli-
the light ci science us too bright for vulgar ley to leave so many of our citizens without
ryes, ami her paths too devious mid leading, j the means of obtaining a useful education ? Ia
too tar away from the beaten track of cximmnn | it consistent with onr republican principlaa lo
life 'obe trodden by the lerl oflhe ignoble. Tlio | put into Ihe hands of a part of our people so
union ol knowledge with tlie eommnii occu
pations ot industry in eum'iderod, not only tin-
ueNPssnry, hut even impossible. Hence, the
powerful a weapon as that of knowledge,
while the rest are left without its mighty influ
ence ? Rail as we may against tlio aristocracy
two prevalent op'iimn, that a very moderate j of other countries, there is no nristoernsy so
siiiire of nifi.mo tion is siltfi 'ier.l fm the man perlect ns dial of wealth and knowledge,
who is to engage lit the common pursuits oft Those who monopolize the knowledge of tv
think,.
—4^—
H e are requested to male lliut a meeting k ill he lit M
at file Miiioilic Dull in lilt, plaeo on Tticiulay evening
next, lur the purpu.e ul torming a Musical .Society.
Gentlemen wishing to become members, will bo so
good as to attend.
Convention.—Tlie delegates appointed by the differ
ent counties to determine upon tlie arisnuements ne
cessary tobe iiimlc for the call of a Convention, lo be
.nm oilier enl.liagcH, w ill conto into the lio.id j holden fur Hie purpose ol sm. inling die Constitution of
an iho full, nnd may hn kept over tlio winter. I the Slate, relative to the apportionment ami equaliu-
And if sot out in tlio spring liillowing, will! ’i° n oflhe members nf the General Assembly, met at
furnish a plentiful supply of seeds, as good ns Milledgovillo on Monday tbo 7th inat. We hnve rcceiv.
cd by tire Milledgeville papers, fire whole of their pe
nny that can bo imported : observe, however,
thut in sotting them out in the spring, ehrh
.kind should bo kept bv itself, and as remoto as
posstbltr from any other sort; otherwise they
would intermix, and aonn degenerate into a
mongrel kind. Such is tlie result of niy ex
perience. nnd I communicate it to you with a
wish that it may bo of acrvtcc lo aume of your
reudprt.
I remain youn, rcspectullv,
U. M. WILLIAMS.
MAKING A V D FHbSF.KYING BL’TTEB.
BY J. BIEL, OF ALBANY.
Butter is an important article, in household
economy; anil an upon il equally depends very
jniieh the profit* ofthe farmer ns well ns the
co.i-umur, I send you, Mr. Editor, a few
binu hi the process oi making ond presor
ting it.
Tbfcart of making butter consist* to sepura-
ceedings, and will endeavour hereafter lolay them be-
fore our rcadars. In tlin mean time, wc have the plea
sure to inform them dial ihe greatest hormony and
unanimity characterised their deliberations, and that
tlie object of the meeting was fully accomplished.
Mondsy the 1st day of Nuv. next, was fixed upon for
holding the election for Delegates, and the first Mon
day in February, IS33, for tho Convention to meet at
Milledgeville.
The Bank Krport.—Thie long and anxiously expected
document has at length been received. It was layed
before the llouso of llepreaentativea by the chairman
ofthe committee,the Hon. A. 8. Clayton,on Monday,
Ihe 30th ult. It will be lecollccted, that the committee
was restricted liy iho resolution of the II. of Represen
tatives, under which it acted, simply to an inspection
of the bonks of the Bank, and to report whether the
ftorisi.MS of its charter had been vioalatednr not.—
Yhu« n.-c.'i-ive ibed, lbs investigation of ciurse was
confined lo thi* one consideration; and we are proud
in larg
enlightened and free people. Few will now
deny Him knowledge is valuable, os well for
ihn other Meaning* which it procures, ns for
being in itself u nouroo of living, lusting en
joy meat to ila possessor. An enlightened
mind, chastened by the discipline of n well re
gulated education, ond n heart softened by the
kindly influence of a refined tnste, ure irea-
much us for above the miser's gold, and th
sensualist’s enjoyments, and the ambitions
man's honors, as il.o..ghi and reason are high
er than mere animm instinct. It is not more
true, that knowledge is power.tlmn that know
ledge is happiness, tnd the only real hoppt-
m as, of which a virnnim man is susceptible.
No man will now donv, that inn virtuous com
munity, the more general the diffusion of use
ful knowledge, the more do penco nrd hupp
ness reign among its members, and the grea
ter the scrunty lor »octal order and for civil
and religious liberty. He, whom ignorant of
the nuture, nnd fundamental principles of
civil liberty, is unfit to enjoy it, and can never
be depended upon for its defence. The slaves
of ipnonnre ever have been, nnd they most
continue to he, tne slaves of tyrants. The
strong holds ol desnolism are still the abodes
of mental darkness, the droarv dungeons
where the cheering beams ofknowledge' hnve
not been permuted lo enter. Rut notwith
standing our favorite national motto, that In
telligence is Ihe life of Liberty, hnvo we, us a
nation, taken ull the necessary steps, that this
intelligence might keep pace with our poptila
lion, and with the improvements of the age ?
While improvements hi the various arts and
life. lienee, tuleuls of Ihe highest order, and
intellects of the finest mould, are buried
and lost—lost both to iher possessors and to
the country. Many pass through life uucon
scions of those powers that allay them to an
a e|«., und which, under proper culture, would
raise them lo n proud height among their fel
low-men. Who ran estimate the amount of
intellectual power which is-thus lost to our
country? Who can culeulatn the sum of hap
piness which is thus denied lo man ? Should
not fhoso treasures whirh urc locked up in the
minds of millions of our countrymen be
brought forth ? Should not “ science he cal
led from her hitherto proud nnd almost inac
cessible heights to bo the companion Olid
clioorcr of the lowliest toil, BnJ of tho hum-
l.-lest fire-side !” Should not every farmer in
cur country he well acquainted with the na
ture and properties of thru soil from which ho
derives his daily support ? Should nor every
mechanic lie ahl - to ilhnnine hi. shop with n
torch light-'d tr .'in the altar of science a.:d to
cheer tlio isboiirs ofthe day ns well as lo enli
ven tlie hours of night, vvitli reflertoms drawn
from tin) depths of pnil-isophi" research?
When wc look nt tne means which hnv»
been hive led for tin i ominuuu'otionofknnwl-
edge, ought n<" no n, who fir- now engaged in
llio arduous ncrup.iftnns of mnculfti'e and
commerce, and m iiiufuetnrr.. m make orea
ter luivnni cs, in die a. q iioiiii.n nf useful in
formation, than ihe student was formerly aide
to make wl.cn ci in ly devot' d to leurning ?
Musi the great m..i of nut citizens be confin
ed in their edo- nttoi: to the rending and writ
ing of their language, and in (lie art of easting
common accounts ? Alas! Imw fur should we
he elevated above our present level, if all of
them were thus enlightened ! Bo, how mnuv
sons . nJ rlaogtirerr ot tree horn Americans are
om'l'b, 'o <ead tlteir native langnngo! How
many g*. to the polls, who are unable to read
even the very charier ofthetr I'.berbos ! How
many, liy their votes, ,-lei I men to legislate
upon tite r dearest interests, vvlnlo thoy them,
-elves arc unable to read oven the proceedings
of those legislators whom they hnvo empower
i d lo net tor them I Wh would not degrade
our own slate by an invidumis comparison
with otliers more favored, but wo most ac
knowledge, that with all its advantages and
with all the patriotism of its generous nnd hinh
minded citizens, little has yet been effectually
done on Iho subjerl of genernl education.
We arc nm only behind ninny of oor sister
stales, hut much farther, we fear, than is ne
cessary, making every allowance for the many
disadvantages, under which we liitvo labored.
Our L. g:elniurn has no been wanting in mak
ing lliose appropriations which where shown
to be necessary for the support of institutions
of learning throughout the slate. Where then,
it may he asked, is the fault ? We answer in
the organization nnd management of our
schools. In the first place,our common school
system is evidently deficient, or rather, our
entire want of a common school system is
most deplorably felt through all the depart
ments of edoraiion. The want of correct el-
emt utury instruction exists not only in this
state, but throughout the United States. We
spi-.ni lo forget, that tirst principles are, in ed
ucation. all important principles; that primary
schools are Hie pines where tlo-se principles
are to lie established, and where such direc
tion will, in all probability, ft. given to the
minds of our children us will decide their fu
ture characters in lilc. Hence the idle, and
tile profane, and tlie drunken, and the igno
rant, are employed lo iint nrl to our children,
the first elements ot knowledge.—are set be
fore them ax example, of what literature nnd
science ranaceiinitilisli! tnd.hence the p o
country, will be its governors in fact, whatev
er may be the constitution nnd laws. Talents
will, ns inevitably, rise to office, as a body will,
descend by th« force of gravity. Is it right-,,
is it good policy for n state lo leave mzny of
its citizens without the possibility of obtain
ing an education of any sort, and much the Inr-
ger portion, of them, with the means of get
ting nt best, a very imperfect ono ? We hnvo
ulreudy adverted to the want of competency
and character in tcnchcrs ns n prominent nnd
general cause of the low state oflitcratureinour
common schools.—This, wo apprehend, is
owing principally, to two causes; remove these
and Ihe evil is remedied. First, the labours
of the teacher ore not sufficiently rewarded.
Every body, who knows nny thing of the mat
ter, knows, that the labours of Iho school mas
ter are arduous nnd vr.xntinns in n high de
gree. It ought not, therefore, to bo expected
that men of talents and acquirements will en
gage in them, unless their services are proncr-
ly compensated. Let the office be desirable
m point of emolument, and ng a matter of
course, there will be sccurcd,to fill it, mon ol'
such character ns will make it respectable.
Secondly, Ihe opposition on the part of parents
to the exercse if salutary discipline over their
children, is, without doubt, a cause that oper
ates extensively in making Ihe common
schools gencinlly as vvorlhloss as they arc.
Theorize as we may, and indulge ns wc please
in chimerical speculations contrary to tho
scripture truth by tlie month of Solomon, wo
cannot subvert it. He affirmed that folly was
bound up in Hie heart of a child, and Hint Ihe
rod and repioof guve wisdom. Experience)
attests the sentiment. Often hnve vve seen
1111:11 of but inferior native minds nnd very mo-
doruto iiituinmunts, mainly by tlio force of en
ergetic discipline, establish a high reputation
as instructors. On tlio contrary, it has come
under our observation once and again, that
meii possessing talents of a high order, nnd
those talents well cultivated, were, in tho ca
pacity of teachers, for want ofdisciplino alone,
worse limn worthless. Any man of modcrata
attainments, may be a valuable teacher, if to
assiduity in imparting instruction,he join faifh-
fnlncss in administering the requisite discip
line. Without this, we believe it impossible
for the highest talents that were ever possess
ed by inan, to constitute a good teacher of
youth. Wow as long as the exereiso of faith-
lul discipline puts the teacher in danger uf in
curring the displeasure of ufierlionnte hut mis
judging parents, and thereby losing that pa-
tronago which is necessary to procure him his
daily bread, it would be pnssmg strange, if. m
ibis selfish and degenerate world,mnny should
be found possessing moral courage and princi
ple sufficient to make them run all risks in tlio
conscientious discharge of duty. Hence
so many unprincipled, and time serving peda
gogues, whose grand object seems to be, to
win the affections of weak parents by indulg
ing their children to their injury. They aim
nt popularity in this wav, that they may have it
m their power to pocket the money of their
patrons, while they are conscious that they do
not rentier them an equivalent in the progress
of their pupils. To remedy this extensive
evil, 'hose teachers should bo supported and
those only, wlm will faithfully perform thoir
duty m discipline as well as instruction. >Ve
impose upon ourselves, if vve imagine, that
ever our common schools will be of much va
lue until there is a radical change in public
sentiment and public practice on tbit point.
In conclusion, we would urge upon the
friends of education throughout the State and
particularly upon teachers, to endeavor to
place the profession at once na high as R ought
always to li tve stood,equal at lenstto uny other
Cession of thu school-master, which should be of tho liberal professions. For this parpose, wo