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isNfi “ The ferment of a free, is preferable to the torpor of a despotic, Government.” VOL. I* ATHENS, GEORGIA, AVGUST 24, 1832. NO. 23. The Southern Banner, IS PUBLISHED IN THE TOWN OF ATHEN8, GEORGIA. EVERY FRIDAY, nr albon chase. iadvance, From the Southern (Charleston) Patriot, “ Address of Gen. Ilayne and others, to their Constituents.” We have undertaken 10 show that the leading statements in this document are unsupported by Act. The averment in particular that the duties on the protected articles had been “ in creased by upwards orone million of dollart,” is not sustained by an examination of estimates We have shown that this allegation *e contradicted by the statement from official sources. TcsHi.—Three dollars per year, payable in ad _ _ or Four dolI»r» w.ena ofthe year. f The 0 f t |, e Secretary of the Treasury,that even with the amendments made to his bill by the House latter amount will be rigidly exacted of all who fail to ineet their payments in advance. No aubicription' received for less than one year, un- led the money is paid in advance; and no paper will be discontinued until all arrearages ars paid, except at the option of the publisher. A failure on the part of subscribers to notift us of their intention of relinquish ment, accompanied with the amount due, will be con sidered as equiralent to a new engagement, and pa pers sent accordingly. r Advertisements will be inserted at the usual rates. irj»AU Letters to the Editor on matters connected with the establishment, must be post paid in order to aeeure attention. ;CJ® Notice of the sale of Land and Negroes by Ad ministrators, Executors, or Guardians, must be publish ed sixty days previous to the day of sale. Thesis of Personal Properly, in like manner, must he published forty days previous to the day of sale. Notice to debtors and creditors of an estate must be published/orfy days. . . „ Notice that Application will be made to the Court or Ordinary frv Leave to sell Land or Negroes, must he published feur months. , Notice that Application will be roado for Letters or Administration, must bo published thirty days, end tor Letters of Dismission, six months. IPBQSIPIBQWS for the publication oj a Literary and Miscel lancous Journal in Athene, Geo. to be entitled the gEMI-lttONTHIiY ICAQ.&ZXNS. BV JAMES A. WRIGHT. I N issuing proposals for the publication of a periods cal like the one contemplated, the Editor is aware I ofthe difficulty which must attend it, but bavins been ■ long convinced that tho entire absence of such works lin me South, and particularly in oar own Stale, ansee * nor* from a want of literary enorgy than literary rc- .oiircessnd capabilities; he has consented with the Advice of a few intelligent friends, to issuo this pros- welut. ■ * It is considered entirely useless to enter into a parti- ular course of teesoning, to demonstrate to the pub- c that a piper devoted to literary and miscellaneous intelligence, published in this Slate, will not at least be of.i much utility as other works of the same order, ubli.hed in distant parts of the Union. It must, how. .set, be obvious to every reflecting individual, that the noat strict and general reliance (with few exceptions) n each and all our native resources as a people, in an- trering those demands unavoidably arising from tho :ial compact, must ever result in general aa well as jrial benefits. Why is it that our •• sister states” of he.North, und to some extent the West also, have gone jo much farther in the develnpement of genius than ourselves 7 This question cannot be solved without taking inlo tho account the fact, that there there are mediums thro’ which the effusions of genius c*n with out difficulty or delay meet the public eye, and receive its effrobntion, while here no such outlet exists. If an ■ndivtdu.l in our own Stato should feel a desire to com [pile and arrange a few incidents which accident hgd thrown in his way, well calculated “ to point a moral Jor adorn a talc," he has either to pay it. postage to a Idi.ltnt state, or perchance see it gadding to the csbt- I net-of a etutcamsn in the columns of some political 1 newspaper. This reflection will at once produce 'bo H conviction in the mind ofevoiv thinking individual, that ■the establishment of a literary and miscellaneous pen- lodicalin this state, will be well calculated to call forth | the: productions of individuals possessed • fgenius—the I mere scintillations of which, have lieretofi no been ron- *j fined to the immediate community in which they reside. * The general circnlation of a periodical containing fusing and instructing information, will be of great ulity In numerous other respects; it will create a i»te for miacetlaneous reading, which when satisfied i soma extent, will induce the individual to tum to anything of a more solid and useful nature; and when onducted cautiously with a view tn its moral influ xes, may be mads to produce a disposition (particu larly in juvenile minds) inimical to vice apd correspon- linjly attached to virtue. The Magazine will be made up of Tales, original and tlecteo, (but all of very recent appearance) ofamoral id instructing nature. Original and selected pieces i various subiects of general iniereat, both in prose I verso. Extracts from the papers and periodicals he day. No pains will bn spared to reuder it useful I and instructing to its patrons. * Reduction on Sugar SALT. Sail, value imported S671.079, duty 20 cents per 56 Ike. amount of duly 1,074,809 537.404) TERMS. . m*THE SEMI-MONTHLY MAGAZINE will be Knucd in quarto form, every alternate Tueadav, on a [fins medium aheet, with a lair type, at |S,00 per an- in advance, or (3,00 after too expiration of the Haiders of subscription papers sro requested to re- irn them as early as the Aral of October next, shortly her which, if the list will warrant it, tha publication rill be commenced. Athens, July 84,1839. jE. WHITE and WH. HAGAR, R ESPECTFULLY inform the Printers of the u. States, lowborn they bava long been individu- I ally known as established Letter Founders, that they I have now formed a co-partnership in raid business, and l i from their united skill, tnd extensive experience, e able to give full satisfaction to all who may fa* | vor them with their orders. Ths introduction of machinery, in tha place ofthete. Idiom and unhealthy process of casting type by hand, I long a desideratum by the European and American I Founders, was, by American ingenuity, and a heavy ex- I pendituro of lime and money on the part of our senior ■ partner, first auecearfully accomplished. Extensive I uk of tha machine cast letter, has fully tested and ea- I tsblished its superiority in every particular, over that I cost by ths old process. I The Letter Foundry business will hereafter be car- I tied on by tha parties before named, under the firm hf 1 WHITE, HAGAR, It Co. Their specimen exhibit! I a complete aeries from Diamond to 14 lines Pica. Tha book end news type being in the moat modem light and style. WHITE, HAGAR, & Co. are agents for tha sale of the Smith and Km! Printing Pnteu. which they can ftraiah to their customers at tha manufacturers’ prices. Chues, Casas, Composing Sticks, Ink, and every arti cle used in the Printing Business, kepi on sale, and fur- jnhed on short notice. Old Type taken in exchange wrnewtt 8 cents per pound; 1 E. WHITE, WM. HAGAR. New York, August 10—St—JL of Representatives, the reduction in the revenue was three millions of dollart, in protected ar ticles, and with the amendments of the Senate the entire reductinr, is within a fraction of twelve millions, comparing the Tariff just passed with that of 1828. In order to ascertain the truth we have compared the duties which will accrue in 1833, with the duties arising Rom the im ports of 1830. It is immaterial what vonr is selected in such a comparative view. Tho cal nutations of the Treasury are founded on the imports of the same ye nr. The results of this comparison are nearly the same as those of the Treasury, wjth the difference that arises from the'deduction of the 10 and 20 per cent., now added to the value of importations, which has been made by the Treasury and not by us. Tho statements are copied from the annual re- port on tha Commerce and Navigation ofthe United Stales, which by law is required ofthe officer who presides over that department. We have selected the five protected articles, the largest in value of the whole amount of protected goods. TARIFF OF 1828. TARIFF OF 1832. WOOLLENS. WOOLLENS, Plains costing 33 1-3 cents and under the Plains costing 33 1-3 cents and ttnditr, the square yard, value imported $266,060. duty square yard, valpe imported $266,060. dillv 5 45 per cent, amount of doty, $119,727 per cent., amount of duly $13,303 Cloth costing over 33 1-3 cents Cloth costing ovor 33 1-3 cents the square yard, value imported $2,854,339, duty 50 per cent., 1,284,452 amount of duty, 1,427,169 Blankets, Hosiery, Stuff goods, Sir. value imported $2,478,185, duty 10 to 25 per cent., amount 759,536 of duty 236 924 the square yard, value imported $2,854,339, duty 45 per cent., amount of duty, Blankets, Hosiery, .Stuff goods, Sir., value imported $2,478,185, duty 25 to 35 per cent, amount of duty, 2.163717 1,677,396 Reduction on woollen* 486,321 COTTONS. Cotton goods, value, imported $7,918,534, duty 471 percent., amount of duty, 3.761.301 3,365,375 Reduction on Cottons 395,926 IRON. Iron, and Manufactures of Iron and Steel,value imported $5,466,- 992, duty 39 per cent., amount of duty 2.132,127 1,882,330 COTTONS. Colton goads, value imported $7,918,534. duty 42) per cent., 3 761,301 amount of duty, IRON. Iron, and Manufactures oflron and Steel, vnlue imported $5,466,- 992, duty 331-3 per cent., amount 2,132,127 of duty 1,677,396 8,365,375 UufcUc Sentiment. 1,882,330 Reduction on Iron 249797 SUGAR. Sugar, brown nnd white, value imported $4,630,342, duty on brown 3, on white 4 cents per pound, amount of duty 2,667,926 2,256,487 411,439 sugar. Sugar, brown and white, value imported, $4,630,342, duty on brown 2j, on white 3J cents per 2,667,926 pound, amount of duty SALT. Salt, value imported $671,979, dutv 10 cents per 56 lbs., amount 1,074,809 of duty Reduction on Salt 527,404) 11.799.880 9,461,030 2,338,850 It will thus ha seen that on the five protected articles of Woollens, Cottons,Iron, Sugar and Suit, the reduction will nmoimt lo $2,338,860 Now it will be *aen that, copying the Treas ury statement »f imports, we have estimated the whole value of Plains imported at 33 1*3 cents the square yards ($266,060) as paying 5 per cent, duty, when the minimum being 35 cents, under the new law, the reduction will be greater iltan we have slated on this descrip tion of goods. With regard to the other protected articles the reduction on tinmnniifactured wool is 10 percent., excepting that costing 8 cents and under, which comes in free On Flannels and Baizes the reduction it 6) cents tbo square yard. On Brussels and Wilton enrpeting 7 cents. On Venetian do. 5 cents. On Cotton Bagging 1) cents. On Hemp $20 per ton. When these reductions are added to those made on the above mentioned five protected articles, the aggregate reaull will not vary much, if auy thing, from the statement of the Secretary ofthe Treasury, who Estimated the reduction on protected articles at about three millions of dollars, although viewing the articles separately we make a less reduction on Wool lens and a greater reduction on Cottons. Now it will be borne in mind that the Address states that “ upon those manufactures which are received in exchange for the stnplo productions of thp South, the aggregate increase of the burthens of taxation beyond what they were under the Tariff of 1828, is believed to he up wards of one million of dollars.” The articles we have selected for comparison constitute tho great bulk and largest amount in value of our protected commodities, and four out of five of these, namely, Cottons, Woollens, Iron and Soil are the almost exclusive productions ofthe very country, (Great Britian)which tho address state* are “ received in exchange for the staple of productions of tho South,” and are “ burthened by an increase of taxes of up- wards ol one million of dollars.” We shall extend this compsrison to the great mass of unprotected articles, to show with how little propriety it is alledged that so great a reduction as nearly twelve million of dollars, in a scheme of impost producing in 1830 between twenty-six and twenty-seven millions, can be said lo afford no evidence of “ re-action,” but on the contrary proof of a system “ essentially progressive.” We have said that the loss from the alteration in the pound sterling and of in' i* rest from the payment of ensh duties and shortening the credits, will about balance the gain from abolishing the addition ofthe 10 and 20 per cent, to the value of importations- Thi* we shall show we think satisfactorily. From tho Georgia Journal. Anti-Tariff Meeting.—Wo publish to-day the resolutions of a large assemblage of pen- ple at Athens , on the 1st instant, in opposi tion to the tariff policy. The meeting was re- spoctablo ns much in tbo inleligcncc and weight of character of those who composed it, as in the number, thus congregated from eve ry part of the State, without any reference to State politics, parlies or any local divisions.— These being entirely lost sight of, tho discos- sions which took nn extensive range even on preliminary quostions, naturally assumed that unreserved freedom of couinmaicatiun, well becoming those who had met to consult with out any alloy of minor motives, on a great matter in which alt folt a deep and common concern. Tho constitutionality, and oven the expediency of a protective tariff, was ndvorn- ted in debate, hut received little support, per haps we might more rorrectly say no support at all. Indeed we recollect no occasion where the public opinion appeared to np proaeli more nearly to a perfect unanimity than on this; that a tariff of protection is an un constitutional and oppressive encroachment on the freedom of labour, and if preserved in, must ultimately sup the foundations of South ern prosperity. The grant question that ad dressed itself tn all, and pressed with n painful weight on tlm attention of the most considerate portion of th"m, was, how to correct tho evils of the time without increasing them; how to do at once, justice to ourselvos and to our common country; whether it were possible, nnd in whnt way possible, as mattors now stand, to vindicate a violated constitution with out breaking it. The question in these nnd other forms,or in conversations that implied it, was to be met at every turn. Every couple, nnd every little circle of people, accidentally together in the walks, the streets, tho rooms and piazzas, from the first d#v of ths oxerci- ses, were to bn seen discussing the subject with an anxiety of countenance, and serious ness of manner, and depth of lone, that indi cated the profaundest interest. And this was natural with such men;, and on theso, tho hopes of the country must always rest. They felt wo presume, that the freedom of tabor was a principle that can never he abandoned; but they fell also, that the constitution of the coun try and the integrity of the Union must be pre served. Thero were some Missionaries of Nplifica- lion who labored previous to the meeting, with the zeal usual lo all propagator* of a newjaith. Thoir vocabulary of cnmmim-plnees is vuri* ous and catching. They have such words as “ Courage!” “ High daring I” “ Chivalry I” for the hot-blooded ardent spirit". And “ Lib erty or death I” and “ Death before dishonor I” and the like, to suit your deep tragedy vein. The phrases of” passive obedience,” and of Submission men,” ore to frighten sdeh as are afraid of being called timorous; and then “ Resistance” is a very convenient Delphic ambiguity, to be interpreted according to the fancy and temper of the hearer. Such spatks ns these caught occasionally, but wero inef fectual wilh ihe more cool, reflecting and dis passionate partuf tho people. Somo set their faces against such extremities, it may lie pro snmed, from an habitual love of the Uninn; at hors, we know, from a horror of civil war nr any thing which tended to it. Tho govern I reason,and the second our reason bodiesand all 'to the discretion of our neighbors. This wo hope and trust will never be. We would not have the poople of Georgia to assume their fi nal position, but after very deliberate and ma ture reflection; for which we hope, they will take full nnd sufficient time; much less would we have them adopt tho guidance of anothejr State, and least of all that of South Carolina. We say this, we hope, without nffenco. Tho r.nntrnlling spirits of that Smte may have chan ged their opinions, and with them, ( the Statq moy have changed its course from*very high and honorable motives. It requires indeed much more moral courage to avow a new opinion, than it does tn plunge onward in g consistent orror. Leaving motive therefore with themselves and the searcher of hearts, and looking only to the fact, we think that whatever honor their repeated changes may reflect upon their candor, it cannot but dimin- ish hv so much the credit of their judgment; nnd Georgia may be well excused if sho now somewhat distrusts their infallibility. Wills perfect good will towards our sister State, to whoso unsteadiness we have reluctantly ads verted, we for our own parts, would be willing to ment her in council, and to concert with her nnd others the mode and measure of re lief.- hut we rould never consent to pledge ourselves beforehand blindly lo follow he( lead ; much less to send her an irrevor this letter of attorney to declare war (or us at bar pleasure and discretion. To people toho know how to read, Greeting. —The present duty on woollen clotha cs’ied plains, which constitute the chief clothing of the blacks in the slave-holding States, if it costs not exceeding 33 1-3 cents the square ynrds, is 14 cents per square yard; if it ex ceed 33 1-3 centa, the duty is 22 1-2 cents per square yard. The new bill reduces all that coats 35 cents and leas to 5 per centum, which can in no esse exceed 1 3-4 cents per n\ square . vard - TH,S 18 UNQUE8TION- To Stage Proprietors# ably a great reduction, and \Y-BILL9 constantly on hand ai d for! WILL BE SENSIBLY FELT AT THE sale atlheOfficoof the South. Banner, j SOUTH.—Banner of the Constitution. ,w: An Act, passed at the last session of Con gress, will prove interesting to the Stockhold ers of the South Carolina Rail Road Compa ny, inasmuch as under it* provisinns there will be a saving of duties on the iron imported for its use, of upwards of $25,000, from the amount which they would have had lo pay un der former regulatiops.—Charleston Courier. The National Republican State Convention, held in Utica, recently, resolved to take up the whole ticket adopted by the late- Anti-ms- sonic Convention, aa well for State officers as for Presidential electors. ment had taken many years to arrive at ils present avowal of the permanent protective policy, and they, on their part, resolved to tako a little time, not indeed to determine on opposing it, for on this point their minds seem, ed made up lo a man ; but to consider well, how, and in whnt mnnner it was wisest to ap. proach that ground that might hnvo to bn main tained wilh blood, or abandoned with dishon or. Thera wero others who suspected the ultimate designs of Mr. Calhoun, Iho leader of Nullification, and enemy of Jackson; and olliers again, who seemed to feci some little distrust of other lending men of South Caroli- rccollecting as they said, that when some of the first pens in Georgia opposed the usur pations of the general government, we were contemptuously told by the aforesaid leaders, that our opposition arose from our want of tal ents to aid in conducting the high affnirs of a consolidated government; some opposed the doctrine for one, and some for several of these reasons, and some others, perhaps, for all of them and more. But all this wns previous to the meeting: no one advocated them in the debate. Wo happened not to be present when the final voto wns token, on the resolution, but we are told they passed by a great major- ity. The meeting et Lexington, on Friday last, wo learn was also large and respectable.— We have not yet been able to procure a copy ofthe resolutions of that meeting, but they ere said to be similar lo those at Athens, but with this startling supplement; that Georgia will sup port any other Stale in such measures as it may lake against the Tariff. This may not be so. We hope we ,may have been misinformed wholly or in part. Support? How? It must be either peaceably or in arms. If pea ceably, why then our proposed convention is superfluous. Wo have only to echo the sen timents, and register tjie decrees of such oth er State. If in arms, then are we still further relieved from the trouble of managing our own affairs. The first supposition surrenders oor Front the Sine. Georgia Anti-Tariff Convention.—If there is a sontimont among Iho poople of Gt.orgia which mny lie considered universal, we Ihinls it is a determination to emancipate them selves, in somo way, from the withering oper ation of a tariff of protection. The mode of effecting this, has boon thus far the .only point on which any considerable difference of opin ion has existed. Many among us were dis. posed to lake Mr. McLaoe’" bill as a first step, nnd nn earnest of future reduction. But that could net pass, nor could that reported by Mr.' Adams, bui u bill that was worse than either; an act which may properly enough be ce led the Manufacturer's own bill, for it was alter ed and aggravated nl the mere suggestion of every petty manufacturing establishment.-* For our own parts, wo certainly have not felt, and wn are gratified in believing that we have not evinced any disposition to act rashly or inconsiderately in this matter. Reason wns the weapon ef our first choice; believing if must finally have ils due effect on those of Me people ofthe North, the farmers, the shippers, and a part of the mechanics; whose interests are essentially the same as ours. But first, Mr. McLann’s bill was lost; and then it be came apparent, that neither on that or any of the oilier* could ihase poople be reasoned wilh. For our arguments could not reach them. Capital, collected as it is there, in iho hands of nn organized few, has ten thousand means, direct and indirect, of influencing tho presses and Iho talents of the country.—- Few newspapers from the South cireulalo there; end their own publications are gener ally closed against all appeals from us. We have ourselves received direct and recent in formation from the spot, that they absolutely refuse to insert such articles as may tend to a vindication of Southern rights. This may be natural enough, hut it strikes at the root of all hope from a discussion of the principle-—* How can we convince a poople who will not hoar us ? Thus deprived of all access (0 the reason of tho Northern people; not being even ndmitted to the audience of those who are bleeding us to death, whst remedy is left, but resistance in some form ? What that form shall be, is proposed by the resolutions we have published, to be referred in our own State, as it ever ought to be, to the groat bo dy of tho people; and in this safe, this only sufo and legitimate course, we cordially con cur. The Athens meeting comprised a large innas of and intelligence, collected by the na ture of the occasion from various and distant quartersnflhe Slate. Thecouoselaofthatmee ting have been adopted at Lexington, at Ma con end Mnnticello, end we trust will be fol lowed up by meetings throughout the State. If such should be the case, the delegate* will come to the convention fresh from the people, familiar with their views, and armed with their high authority. Tho whole State thus mo- ying together as it has heretofore done on try ing occasions, and up to that lime uncommit ted as to the mode of resistance, will no doubt be able to take such an attitude as the whole South can concur in without any greater sac, rificc of previous views than all men ought tq make for the take of union in a great cause.—y To prostrate a most grinding and iniquitous system of oppression is ih* grout object of the convention; and union to effect this object it then and there lo be conceited. We hope the people will meet m proposed, end choose their delegates. They will recol lect that in this high act afsovereignty there it no elstuto lo restrict their choice tb residents ofthe county, if they should prefeK persons who may happen lo reside out of it. The people of Camden or Bryan, for iostence, msy elect if thoy choose, a delegate residing in Hall or Jackson, or vice versa; and they may elect him without reference to any office, lie may happen then to hold. The people ot