Newspaper Page Text
% Jfamili) found—gebotri) to
literature,
, an&
three hollars per annum in advance.
ATHENS, GA. APRIL 5, 1872.
3fl IT
iat futate of % Jeople.
VOL XLI.—NO 41-NEW SERIES VOL 5. NO. 2U
anner.
hi, «iieii *.ti.::ki.v.
j> y -,s. A. ATKINSON,
A t T.TUEK DOLLARS PER ANNUM,
STRICTLY T.V A P VA SCK.
nice, if road -I., over J. II. Huggins.
IUTKn OK HIVERTIS1X®.
id T.rti«cmen« WII tvin^rtal at One Dollar and
P V , ,,.. r ,<•] jarc of 12 lines, fur the first, anil
lerrttV-fire tVnts for each suhseqnent insertion,
for am lime under one month. For a longer period
liberal contracts will he made.
Miscellaneous.
VM. WOOD,
DEALER IN ALL KINDS OF
P U RN1TURE.
T^URNITURE REPAIRED, UP-
hoistered and varnlahed, also a large varietr
of wood coffins and Fisk’s Talent Metaiic Burial
Cases alwavson hand.
Warerooina on Clavton St. next lo Episcopal
Church. SepSfim. WILLIAM WOOD.
Miscellaneous.
Business Directory.
l iMUl rslllll. A. 8. ERWIN. HOWELL COBB
COBB. ERWIN A COBB,
V ITOKNEYS AT L AW,
^ V Athens, Georgia. Office In the Deuprec
). oMiiif.
r r i t sipkis
HENRY JACKSON.
V
Lumpkin & Jackson,
TTOUNKYS AT LAW, will practice in th
i. .Snj*t*ri«»r * 'own <il* Clark rouniy, the Stiprcni
irt of the Sirttc, an l the* Cnilfd Mute* C«»tir
' h»* Northern 1 »a-tric-t of Georgia. fc*b. inf
SAMUEL I*. THURMOND,
T TORN E Y A T L A \V,
Athens >ia. ndice on Ilroad street, over
Berry A Son’s Store. Will give special attention
!•» ea«es in Bankruptcy. Also, to the collection of
all claims entrusted to his care.
4. J. A 4. t. ALEXANDER,
INHALERS IN HARDWARE,
I * Iron >i«c:l. Sail*. t’.»rri;me Material, Mining
>ut.*rifw. ,if„ Whir, halls:., Atlanta.
M.VAN ESTES,
TTORXEY AT LAW,
llomcr. Banks County, (»a.
JAY 0. GA1LEY,
INVITES ATTENTION TO HIS
FALL STOCK
Sixty-Flte First PrI/e Medals Awarded !
A
aBSSWRSE,
at . .xi, -a ei a“ v**a„
CHI MX KI s A XI >
: 0RE KEROSENE OIL!
SHARP & FLOYD,
Successors lo Ccorge Sharp, Jr.,
JeweUe s
Silver smirks,
A tlmitn, Gu.
WK OFFER ;t large variety of
KINK \VAT< II IIS,
(’Locks,
.1 KNYKLRY,
SILVER WAKE,
.Sl’KCTACLK.S,
FANCY HOODS,
FINK BRONZES,
AN!) STATUARY.
WR 11AVK A FULL CORDS OF
ifatcliniakerp, jeweller$& gngraver$
\ N I»
.Vanii factnretnany Fine (-nods
shop, and are prepared t., FILL AM
tlltllMts f,,r coods or wo-k promptly.
»*n. AII U'xxlscncraNed free of ejiarge.
PREMIUMS' FOR FAIRS!
a 11 arc prepared lo ir» to any information on ap-
. ati-.n. \Ve irnaiaiitec the
LARGEST ASSOUTEMNT,
TIIK FINEST GOODS,
THE LOWEST PRICKS,
AX HTUK BEST WORK.
I a!l and w .is.
SHARP A; FLOYD,
Whitehall Street, Atlanta.
S(‘H(l your Old Furniture to
WOOD'S
II K P .Yi K SHO P,
.V- to On Kpisfitjuil Church,and have if
may !'.C:n .VI H. GOOff AS XEW.
E. S. ENDLAND A CO.,
^ KE NOW RECEIVING TIIEIIi
NEW FALL STOCK!
>« lft-red frith care l>y one of the firm, in New
Y«.rlc, to which they invite the attention «.f their
111‘Onueni and the public. They have a good assort*
STAPLE&FANCIORt GOODS
t.KOtFItll'N,
I'llOVIMlOKfl,
IIA 1C IMV tltF.
tIUMKERY,
IIATM. CMPM,
BOOTH,
MHOK*«
And in short, evorvthing in the way of
Family and Plantation Supplies,
"'.’ V nil! pay the HIGHEST PRICE FOR
' " ,,MN "V other Produce, and
M ill Hi«rr ( octoi, at *J5 Cent* n Bnlr
l» r Month
A . t:«’ <!• ’••ruiirwd todoal fairly, •ell low, and by
41 ' . r r t .. Lii-im** hope to pi case old custw
’ r * iU 1 m ,,lu ‘ r new ones. *ept15tf
TO
TOE GREAT
Southern Piano
MANUFACTORY.
wm.:knabe & co.,
MANUFACTURERS OF
GRAHP,MQl’ABE A!VP CPRIC511T
Piano Fortes.
Bnltimorc, Mnrylatul.
T hese instruments have
been before the public for nearly thirty years
anti upon their excellence alone attained an unpnr-
eha.i-rf jn-c-mincnct, which pronounces them un
equalled. in
TONE,
TOUCH,
WQR&KAKSHX?
AITD DURABILITY.
ns- All our Sruarf. Pianos have our new im
proved Overstrung Scale ami t lie Agraffe Treble.
n^. We would call lipecia! attention to our late
Patented improvement-* in OIUND PIANOS, and
SQI ARK (•’RWR. found in no other Piano, whieh
bring the Piano nearer perfection than lias yet
l*»M*n attained.
every piano felly warranted for :»YEARS
H4u lV«are bv.«i>eeial arrangement enableil t<»
furnish PARLOR ORGANS and MELODEONS of
the most celebrated makers, wholesale and retail,
at lyOicrjtt Factory Prices.
Illustrated Catalogues and Price Lists furnished
on application to IVM. KNARE A TO., Balt. Md.
Or any regular established agencies. novlntim
J. 0. HARDIE,
Dealer in Groceries & Provisions,
College Avenue, Athens, Ga.
r UlIE BEST SUGAR. COFFEE,
_JL Lard, Soda, Flour, Meal, Pickles, (>ystcrs,
Nuta, Oranges, Apples, Uraekers, Cheese, Ac., al
ways on hand. Also fresh country Butter, Eggs,
Potatoes, Ac. * jan 1 lm
PIANOS AND ORGANS!
OX MONTHLY
INSTALMENTS
< >F TEN TO
TWENTY-FIVE
DOLLARS.
Ilallet, Davis & Go. and
Steinway & Sons,
TWO LEADING PIANOS of tho
JL world, the oldest Factories, and tak*-u to. r.
premiums than any other make, can n.»w, for the
first time in Augusta, be bought on the instalment
plan. Also, the
Emmerson and Southern Cem
Pianos, su|>ertor in finish, style and tone, to any
in the .Southern markets for the prices— from three
hundred to five hundred dollars. The
Shoningre, Burdctt and Boston Organ Co’s
Beautiful and Elegant Organs,
F. r Parlor-. rht.r< I-..-., amt .'aM.atli S-li.-jl.-r.ing-
ing in prices from 1- HTy to One Thousand I>..llais.
II. C. BARROW, A- t,
iKt l.Vsm Al’gUSTA. fa.
Improved Stock for Sale,
Acclimatol ami Adapted lo the Southern Climate.
Cattle—Brahmins and their Grades.
r JMIEY ARE MURRAIN-PROOF,
i.l r
■ of the cows exeel as
■e superior to those of
limate.
milkers, anti the oxen
any other breed for a hot
Hogs—Black Essex.
This breed of Hogs lias within a few years been
greatly improved. 1 hey are free from mange, can
be fattened at any age, anti arc admirably adapted
for crossing on, and Improving the white breeds,
and the common stock of the country.
Prince Albci’t and Black Berl.shires.
They are very active and thrifty, growing t» a
larger sixe than the Essex.
Sheep—Spanish Merinos.
They arc free from rot and snuffles, are very easy
’ — 1 rapid and
rk.-d i
ed make
tin
ng the quantity and quality of the wool,
Cash m*re A ngara (> oats.
In many localities they have pr..v»-d to
>roti table. Wh
and «ra
al, but requi:
The
ith briar-, pine
in demand at from
«ue furnished on
prie* s and «le>erip»:ve cat;
'illCIIAUD PETERS,
Nun l'»-5t Atlanta Ga.
\V. W. SUMMERS,
Seott Farm, Bedford County, Trim.,
lt(,,.i:l,KK ,,r
Thoroaglibred Short--horned
Durhaui Cattle,
BERKSI11RK HOGS AND COLTSWOLD SIIEFF.
T AM BREEDING ENTIRELY
JL from premium animals My herds have pro
duced a greater numl*er of premium animals *.h.»n
any other herds in Tennessee; have never failed
to take premiums at every fair, both in Tennessee
and Kentucky, at which they have been exhibited.
I have on ban i at all times TlHlbOt UIIBHED
BULLS and COWS, of all ages, bfetl from my eel-
( brated bulls Stonewall Jackson, by imp. Duke of
Vrdrie. and Red Rover the 2d, bv Red Rover the
1st. These bulls weigh from to3,0t*t lbs.
BERKSHIRE PIGS, native and imported fltock,
bred from inv no’ed premium boars, Dick John
son and Bob Lee. My premium boars and sows
will wt igh froHfcWX) to MX) lbs. My COTS WOLD
SHEEP are pure, my premium bimk weighing
:VO ll»s., and sheart^l last year 18V| lbs.
Mv s'ork is second to none for size,color, lo autv
and style in the United States, having made all
my selections in buying and breeding for this rare
combination. Orders solicited ami satisfaction
guaranteed. Address me at Wart race. Bed lord
( o.. Term.* W. W. SUMMERS.
j. p. ;bup5Si:de ?
Gj iY N l) 11 ETH’S ^
DAiiVjJDJdVI 3
»J lnLSM^ KI> ’ a n,u •"PP'.v
r t ,. N10VV DRUG .STORE.
Kincst Kerosene Lamps
l<> BE FOUNDIN’ ATHENS, i
AT THE
t N EW DRUG .STORE.
Five Gross
( )!' I'GI TZ HORSE AND (’AT-
price* at Vhe , 0 ' V,J,:,W fwr at Proprietor’s
, NEW i )RUG STORE.
ith's Bellows, Anvils
\ RAMMERS, Stock and
‘ ,l CJIII - U6 . MCKKUSON a CO.
AYE YOUR PRINTING clone
at lh ' Southern banner Job Office.
JpM ^ ^
Hilts, Caps, Straw Goods,
Silk, Guanaco, Zcnella, AquepeUa, and
Scotch Gingham
XT mbrellas,
DRIVING CLOVES, ETC.,
Xo. 222 Broad Street, Augusta, Ga.
(Hit fi-Rtn
S C. DOBBS,
I ^EAGER IN DRY GOODS,
I / (iltOCKRISS, rRODVCE, IIA It P It AItt,
READ Y-MADE CLOTHIXG,
BOOTS, SHOES, HATS,
An-! in -!inrl, an a-xirtf! st.K,k of family and
l>la„: at Inn mer. bandit. Tlio market pne-
at. a> * paid for c.nnlrv prodiu-o.
To Housekeepers.
I UST RECEIVED, a large assort-
menl of
which we are offering at very low prices. All
stoves sold by ua
WARRANTED IN
EVERY PARTICULAR.
9UMMEY & NEWTON.
Carriage, Buggy A AVagon
A LARGE and well selected assort-
m«nt, for sale by
CHILDS, NICKERSON & CO.
The Best Rat Trap Out!
AGENTS WANTED.
TjMVE TO TEN DOLLARS a day
JL 1 can be made by selling Veronee’s Patent Rat
Traps. Read the following certificates from well-
known and reliable persons who have tried them :
This is to certify that I have tried one of C. B.
Verennec’s patant rat trap*!, and caught fourteen
rats in one night; and I feel safe in reconi mending
it to my friends and the public generally as a per
fect success.
C. B. VAIL.
Newton House, AthensGa.
March 14th, 1S72.
This is to certify that I have tried one of Mr.
Veronee’s patent rat traps, and find it superior to
any I have overseen, having caught eleven rats
the first night, and many others at other times
since.
A. I>. CLINARD, Clerk.
Athens, Ga., March 14th, 1872.
This is to certify that I have tried one of Mr.
V« .jouco’r patent rat traps, and find It superior to
any I have ever seen, having caught fourteen in
two nigl »-,and many more at other times since.
JOHN SEYMOUR.
Athens,Ga., March 14th. 1872.
This is to certify that 1 have used one of Mr. C.
B. Veronee’s patent rat traps'at the Athens Facto
ry, and find it one of the best ever used, having
caught over one hundred* rats in the said trap, in
a \er) short time.
C. A. SllURLKY.
Price §2 Ta). Liberal discount to agents. For
lurtlier information address
mar 22 C. B. YUKON EE, Athens, Ga.
nwaooM
\ XJT LD M UN A N* D WI LI) BE A STS. B v Lt.
\\ Col. Gordon Cumining. Illustrated. 50.
Japan in Our Dav. Bayard Taylor. Illustrated. 1 50.
Wonders of Vegetation. By Prof. Scheie do Vcre.
Illustrated. Si 50.
The I^aml of Desolation. By I)r. Isaac T. IIayes.
Illu*t rated. Si 50.
Helen Etbinger, or Not Exactly Right. Si 50.
Heir of Kedv lilf-new edition. 2 vol>. t2 5»».
The Daisy Chain— ** “ “ 2 50.
Beechcroit 44 “ $1 25.
The Two Guardian*—new edition. Si 25.
Chamber’s Miscellany—complete. 8 vols. green
cloth. 610.
Ouida’s Novels—cloth. $2 each.
Mayne Reid's Novels—cloth. SI 50 each.
Marian Harland’s novels. Si 50 each.
For sale at BURK1US BOOKSTORE.
JF5 TW M .B.
saHsapaaitta.
A Substitute for Mercurial Preparations,
Castor Oil, Rhubarb, Senna, <tc.
niHE PUREST AND BEST
•medy known for diseases of the Liver, Fe
male Complaints, or for any disease in which a
medicine is necessary, to keep the lM»wels free and
healthy, or to purify the LUxel. It acts more nat
urally on the liver tiian Calomel or Blue Pills, and
answers a better pur(M>se. It is the Great Spring
Medicine, l’rejored by J. Dennis, M. D., Augus
ta, Ga. J*old by Dr. King, Athens.
GLOBE HOTEL,
•S’. IF. Corner of Broad and Jaelson-sts.,
AUGUSTA. GA.
JACKMON & Prcprirtora.
4ITE l>eg leave to call the attention of the trav-
\ > eling public to this well known hotel, which
we have recently purchased, and placed on a foot
ing second to none in the South. No expense will
respect, and every att«
and convenience of gu
s hous.
>1 to the com for
jail 25-timbt
PANOS AND ORGANS.
O NE SPLENDID HALLETT,
DAVIS A CO’S Square Grand Piano—an ele
gant instrument—irarrrtHted in every particular—
may be bought on easy terms—payable monthly.
It wa* used at Mrs. Oates’ entertainments.
Pianos and Organs at varu s prices, sold, jay-
abb* monthly, and terms made easy. Every in
strument warranted. fall at
BURKE’S BOOKSTORE.
Just Received,
\ LARGE SUPPLY of Lech-
ford’s. Farina, Lubin’sand other
j < v ga
“ NEW DRUG STORE.
f«l> !3-!l
Summey & Newton,
BROAD NT., ATHENS, UK.
IRON, PLOW STEEL,
STEEL, HOES,
NAILS, PLOWS,
MILL SAWS, COTTON GINS,
And General Hardware and Cutlery, at
Wholesale and Retail.
SUM31EY a- XBWTOX
-< thrns, Ga., April 14tb. tf .Vo. C Broad St.
GUANO.
F JRE PERUVIAN, of direct im-
portation, at Government prices.
2,240 pounds to the ton K. <». LAY',
Agent for Consignees in U. S.
.Ian. l-:liu. Savannah, <ia.
PENDLETON’S
Guano Oompound.
JpGR SALE BY
BEALL, SPEARS k CO.,
.1 ugusta, Ga.
SAULSBU RY, RE3PKSS & CO.,
Macon, Ga.
ANDERSON A WELLS,
Atlanta, Gu.
P. II. BEIIN k CD.,
Savannah, 6a.
Du. K.M. PENDLETON,
Sparta, Ga.
I’aiiiplileta containins manj tctimonial.v, with
praetiral hints <»n cotlmi vulture, aiul the applica
tion of fertilizers-, may be obtained from any of
the above agents. jan.l
Bn-liUKKOKCK HAMKI.. A- WKI.LIK.RS HILL.
DANIEL & HILL,
/ TOTTON FACTORS, Agents Cot-
V7 ton Food Guano, No. 5 Warren Block, oppo
site Globe Hotel, Augusta, G».
All business entrusted to them will have strict
personal attention. Orders for Bagging. Ties and
Family Supplies promptly tilled. Commission I* 4
* Rkfkrexces.—Judge John P. King, President
Georgia Bail Road, President National Bank of Au
gusta and Augusta Factory. J. T. Gardiner,
Kan., President Dickson Fertiliser Uoinpany, 1 res
ident Merchants A Planters National Hank, Augus
ta. Col. L. M. Hill, Director (»a. R. 1-, Y' dkrs
county. Savings Bank of Augusta. National Bank
nl Newnan, Ga. W. W. Simpson, Esq., Sparta Ga.
oct 7-fiism
FREE! FREE!! FREE!!!
SINGLE COPIES OF
COLMAN’S RURAL WORLD,
A WEEKLY Agricultural Journal
that has Iwien published twenty-three years
in St. Ijouis, having the Largest Circulation anu
the l»est Corps of contributors of any agricultural
paper published in the valley ..f the Mississippi,
Will be sent free in all applicants. Send foraeopj .
OGLETHORPE
prepared by tiie
OGLETHORPE FERTILIZER CO.,
MAXEW’B, GA.
Guaranteed Free from Adulteration.
PricJ cash per ton 2,hhn lb,, at Wort,, $« SO.
•• Time lien or acceptance <»> w -
Or Cotton at 15 rent, prrpouml.
T UP COMPANY could furnish numerous cer
tificates as to the value of their UcrtiUrer^but
prefer to rc“ “planters to tho« who have usesl it
Fn this county for the ^•^“ptTRHAM,
H. S. ANDERSON,
Agents in Clark County.
J!Political.
Fraom tire Atlanta Sun.
EX-G0TEX0R JEXKIN’S LETTER TO
G0VEN0B SMITH.
It is with no ordinary pleasnre we
lay before our people the following
highly important and exceedingly in
teresting letter from that noble citizen
of Georgia, Charles J. Jenkins, detail
ing important historical facts and rem
iniscences connected with his adminis
tration and removal ?rom office as
Governor of Georgia.
It is a simple recital, sublimely grand
’ r ' ; t° 'implicit/, logic and truth :
J Augusta, Ga., March 15,1S72.
His Excellency, James M. Smith :
: Sir—Since ray removal from the
office which you now hold, in January,
| 18US, by Major General Meade, of the
j United States Army, commanding De-
I partment of Georgia, I have refrained
; from communication with the de faclo
government of the State.
I Had there been no interference of
the Federal Government, my term of
office would have expired in Novem-
I Iter, 18G7, and there woultl then have
| been assembled a Legislature to whom
II would have rendered an account of
my stewardship, accompanied by the
■ usual reports of tho Treasurer and
| Comptroller General for that year.—
Such a communication, with like ac
companiments for the preceding year,
hail I teen submitted to the General As
sembly at their second session in No-
vember, I860. There having been
neither Governor or Legislature elect
ed in 1807, I, under a provision of the
Constitution, held over; but there was
no Legislative Assembly. From the
time of my removal until the installa
tion of the present Governor and Leg
islature, those departments have not,
in my judgment, l>een filled by persons
rightfully representing the people of
Georgia or faithfully guarding their in
terests.
I am informed that a committee ap
pointed for that purpose by the Legis
lature convened in 1808, examined the
hooks and accounts of Mr. Treasurer
Jones for the last year of my adminis
tration, and reported them correct.
I desire, however, to make a formal
representation of certain transactions
during mv official term, of which no
account has been given, and some of
which have been grossly misrepresent
ed to the public.
Such a coummunieation to a State
Executive, from a predecessor, is, I
know, unusual, if not unprecedented ;
hut I trust you will find in the circum
stances, heretofore and now surround
ing me, a justification of it, and that
you will kindly place it on file, with
the archives of the State, where it may
hereafter be accessiblo for reference if
desirable.
I need scarcely remark that, owing
to the suspension of the State govern
ment at the close of the war—serious
complications with the Federal govern
ment resulting from that conflict—the
utter exhaustion of our treasury, the
impoverished condition of our jicople,
and the interference by Congressional
legislation with the State government
first inaugurated after the war, my ad
ministration was fraught with difficul
ty, responsibility and anxiety. When
I entered upon the duties of the office
there was no money in the treasury.—
There were outstanding liabilities of
Governor Brown’s l ist term, (owing to
his removal by the United States gov
ernment several months ltcfore its con
stitutional end)—debts contracted by
Provisional Governor Johnson, to car
ry on the government and the expenses
of the Convention of 18li5, provided
for by temporary loans. There were
also ante-war bonds, and interest cou
pons of considerable amount which
matured during and after the war—
the expenses of the Legislature which
came in with me, and the accruing de
mands of the civil list. The bed and
track of the Western & Atlantic rail
road were in a dilapidated condition,
its depots and bridges in a great meas
ure destroyed, and its rolling stock
partly lost or destroyed and partly worn
out and valueless. Its Spucrintcndent
under Provisional Governor Johnson,
with his approval, had contracted a
debt with the United States Govern
ment of about four hundred and sev
enty thousand dollars (8470,000) in the
purchase of rolling stock and other
railroad property, and still in these
items there was a large deficiency.
The Capitol, its grounds and furni
ture, and the Executive Mansion and
its furniture required extensive repairs
anil renewals. The Penitentiary had
been partially burned and rendered in
secure, requiring a large outlay in re
building and strengthening it.
Besides all this, there were no taxes
collected in 1865. In view of this con
dition of our financial affairs, it must,
I think, surprise the reflecting mind
that the Legislature, to meet tha«e lia
bilities, and put the machinery of gov
ernment again in motion, resorted to
the credit of the .State by the issue of
its bonds only to the amount of three
millions and thirty thousand dollars
(83,040,000.)
The Convention of 1865 did, indeed,
authorize the issue of bonds, amounting
to five hundred thousand dollars
(8500,000) to meet the emergencies of
the hour. But these, owning to re
strictions put upon them, were found
available only for very short loans,
and were so used, and redeemed with
proceeds of bonds afterwards author
ized by the Legislature, except alwut
twenty-six thousand dollars, (826,000)
which had not been presented at the
Treasury, although willed in.
There were also bonds authorized by
7th section of the act of 12th March,
1866, amounting to six hundred thou
sand dollars (8600,000), to pay the
land tax issued by the United States
Government against the people of
Georgia.
These bonds were engraved with
others, but ns the United States au
thorities refused to receive payment of
Suit tox Executive of th« aboot an^-imndred than—nd doUaw respecting suspension of action* and
, w , ere not signed or sealed until
after thjj next session of the Leeisla-
ture (Nov . 1866.) ‘ ’ 6
On their assembling, I reported to
them tnp-jhilnre to use those bonds tar
the purpose intended, and advised that
the Executive be authorised to issue
them in redemption of, or exchange
for bonds of the State, which would
mature within a short time. Author*
ity to that effect was given by the Leg
islature^ and then these bonds in sul
respects similar to other bonds issued
under the act of March 12,1866, were
executed.. As these bonds bore a high
er rate af interest than those to be re-
t9®d j^y them, and were secured by
B' W-4~i^v:on the Western and At
lantic Railroad, it was believed that no
difficulty would he encountered in ex
changing them for the latter on terms
advantageous to the State, and thus
our suffering people he released from
taxation, to meet a heavy demand
upon the treasury at no distant day.
They were accordingly placed in the
National Bank of the Republic (New
York) for that purpose, and notice of
the terms on which the State would
make the exchange extensively pub
lished. This exchange had been com
menced, hut no great progress had
been made in it at the time of my re
moval. Knowing no safer place of de
posit for them, and desiring not to sus
pend the process of exchange, I suffer
ed them to remain there, giving written
instructions to the agent to continue it,
hut beyond that, to deliver them to no
S erson except upon the order of John
ones, Treasurer, or of myself.
The Legislature esserabled in 1868,
passed a resolution authorizing the
Governor inaugurated by them to take
possession of all bonds of the State ex
ecuted but no negotiated, wherever to
be found. Linder this authority, as I
have been informed, the acting Gover
nor, R. B. Bullock, demanded of the
bank the unexchanged bonds then in
their possession, and the agent, under
legal advice, surrendered them to him,
but required of him an indorsement on
each l>ond, of the manner in which he
became possessed of it. The precise
amount so delivered I know not, but
suppose it could have varied little from
six hundred thousand dollars. Iain,
of course, ignorant what disposition
has been made of them. If they have
been faithfully applied to the object in
tended, they have not increased the in
debtedness of the State, but have only
postponed, to a more convenient time,
its payment, pro tanto, and the relief
lias accrued, or wiil accrue, to the ad
ministration succeeding mine.
If otherwise, the misapplication is
chargeable to the Executive, who,
rather thajijfome to an account with
the fairly elected and honest represent
atives of the people he is charged
with having plundered, ingloriously
fled the State. In no event can those
bonds he fairly set doA\n as an origin
al indebtedness incurred by the State
duriug my official terra, and by my
advice.
Other bonds were issued by me, in
conformity with the act of February,
1856, authorizing a subscription to the
stock of the Atlantic and Gulf Rail
road Company, and the issue of bonds
of the State, in payment of install
ments on that stock, as the corporation
might show itself entitled so them.—
Evidence that they were so entitled,
was in each instance adduced, before
the bonds were issued; amounts, dates,
etc., will appear by reference to the
records of the Treasurer's and Comp
troller General’s offices.
But this liability was incurred ten
years before my time. The amount of
the two classes of bonds last mention
ed have, in an indiscriminating, un
scrupulous partisan spirit, been added
to the three millious and thirty thous
and mentioned before, and the grand
aggregate presented as vn increase of
the public debt under nty administra
tion and by my advice.
I think I have disposed of those two
classes, and will not again refer to
them. I now propose to show that
the public debt was increased by less
than one-half of the three millions and
thirty thousand dollars (83,030,000),
The authority for issuing these
bonds, and the purposes, to which they
were to be applied, will be found in
the act of the 12th of March, I860,
and the 11th section of the General
Appropriation Act of the same year.
The following items embraced in the
act first mentioned were obviously pro
visions for funding existing indebted
ness, and therefore did not increase the
public debt:
Section 8—To pay the matured bond debt
and intcrert thereon $ 830,000
Section 1—To pay debt to United States
Government for railroad property pur
chased during Provisional Governor
Johuson’s term, and intese.it 300,000
Loans contracted by Provisional Gover
nor Johnson 30,000
Making an aggregate — 1.360,000
Which deducted from the new bond debt
of $3,030,000 leaves as increase of public
debt 1,670.000
Antoug the appropriations made and
paid from proceeds of these bonds were
two extraordinary items of pure chari
ty, having ail the moral obligations of
debts, via: to purchase corn for the des
titute and artificial limbs for disabled
solditf) 2.*0,000
Leaving a balance of......~....1,450,000
This balanoo was rellod upon to re
pair and complete the equipment of
the Western and Atlantic Bauroad; to
repair and refit the State House, and
its grounds; the Executive Mansion
and furniture; the Penitentiary; to
pay the unfunded debts of the State
(by no means inconsiderable,) and to
defray the entire expenses of the gov
ernment for one year, including the
support of its great public charities,
and the accruing annual interest on
the public debt.
This sum of one million four hun
dred and fifty thousand dollars was
subjected before It came into the
Treasury for general use, to a diminu
tion by the expenses incident to the
preparation and engraving of the bonds,
the execution of the mortgage,. com
missions to agents employed in the
sale of them, and the rate of discount
upon them, for no bonds of any South-
ern State could then be negotiated at
par value. The bonds firet sold - *
($900,000) in amount-yielded ninety
per cent. A few were afterwards sola
for ninety-five, and they would nu-
doubtedly have reached par value in
the market but for the depressing ef
fect of Congressional legislation upon
tho credit of the Southern States.—
Under this withering influence, these
bonds^afterwards feu below ninety in
the New York market. For more
minute details respecting the disposi
tion of these bonds, reference is made
to the records of the Treasury and of
the Comptroller General’s office, to
which, as I write, I have not access.
I have mentioned a debt contracted
by the Provisional Superintendent of
the Western aud Atlantic Railroad
under Provisional Governor Johnson,
and which debt occasioned my first un
pleasant complication with the United
States Government. The Superin
tendent insisted that he was, by the
terms of the contract, entitled to a
clear credit of two years, upon the
amount of the purchase. The Sale-
Agent of the United States, on the
contrary, affirmed that by the terms of
sale, the purchaser could only be en
titled to such eredit, on giving bond
with approved personal securiiy, for
the payment of the debt at the expira
tion of two years ; in default of which,
monthly payments of the twenty-fourth
part of the debt, with interest, at 7.30
P'-r cent, must be made, until the debt
was extinguished. The contest be
tween these officials was an unequal
one. The monthly payments were
peremptorily demanded. I suggested
to the Legislature the expediency of
authorizing the Superintendent of the
Western and Atlantic Railroad to give
a bond for the payment of the debt
within two years, and of pledging the
faith of the State for its payment.—
Accordingly the act of the 13th March,
1866, was passed, and a bond executed
in conformity with it, and delivered.
Still, for lack of personal security, the
monthly payments were demanded.—
In an interview with Mr. Stanton,
Secretary of War, I protested against
this, and insisted on the payment of
the whole sum at the expiration of the
two years—urging that the pledge of
the State’s credit was more than an
equivalent for personal security.
He heard me patiently, but when I
concluded, remark ed curtly, “I can
give you no relief. You seem to
think because this Railroad is the
property of the State, and the debt in
curred, her debt, and because she had
given her bond for it, she should be
admitted to the
giving bond and security
make that distinction. The terms
must be complied with.”
;I asked p< emission to take issue with
him on that point. I pressed upon
him the universal recognized comity
between nations and States, between
organized governments, aud stated a3
a carollary from it, that one Govern
ment would accord to another a credit
never given to an individual. I con
cluded thus : “ I have not supposed,
Mr. Stanton, I should live to see the
day when the United States Govern
ment would send the Governor of a State
out to hunt afier •personal security for a
money contract. I cannot lower the
dignity of my State by doing such an
act.”
The stern Secretary relented, con
sidered, and finally took the matier be
fore the Cabinet, who referred it to the
Secretary of War, and the Attorney
General, with power to act. I then
went before the latter to discuss the
question with him. So soon as I
broached the proposition requiring a
State to give personal security for a
debt, Mr. Stanhery, that upright man,
courteous gentleman, and able jurist,
interrupted me with tho remark,
“ Governor, I confess that proposition
revolts me.” “ As it has done me, Mr.
Attorney General,” I replied. He re
joined, “ Oh, that will not do. Mr.
Stanton must give that up.” And he
did give it up, and cheerfully, at last.
I refer to this matter partly to show
that, among those distinguished men,
members of the administration (and,
we may infer, by' the Cabinet), Geor
gia was, at that time, recognized as
having the status of a State of the
Union.
Early in the year 1866, the Collec
tor of Internal Bevcnue for the 4th
District of Georgia required the Super
intendent of the Western and Atlantic
Railroad to make monthly returns to
him of the gross receipts from the road,
and to pay a tax of 2js per cent, upon
them.
Believing the tax to he illegal, lie-
cause assessed upon the revenue of the
State, I appealed against it to the Sec
retary of the United States Treasury,
who after a reference, of the question
to the Solicitor of the Treasury and a
report by him, overruled my appeal
and ordered the collection to proceed.
Not satisfied with the decision, I filed
a bill in equity in the District Court of
the United States, in the name of the
State of Georgia, against the Collector,
seeking to enjoin the collection of the
tax. After argument upon a rule
against the Collector, to show cause is
Chambers why an injunction should
not issue, the Judge reserved his decis
ion until the next term of the Court in
Atlanta; but assured the Solicitors of
the State, in the presence of the Dis
trict Attorney and the Collector, that
meantime no further action in collec
tion of the tax would be taken.
During his temporary absence from
the State, however, and before his de
cision, the Collector peremptorily de
manded payment of the tax then ac
crued (amounting to more than twen
ty-four thousand dollars) within ten
days, in default of which a levy would
be made upon the property of the road.
Informed of this, I directed the Super
intendent to pay under protest, which
is done.
As soon as practicable afterwards,
in a personal interview with the Secre
tary of the Treasury, I brought all
those matters to his consideration, and
found him profoundly ignorant of the
filing of the bill, the proceedings in
Chambers, the assurance of the Judge
thesubsequentenforcementof payment.
I do him the justice to say that he
manifested genuine surprise and indig
nation at the last stage of the proceed*
ing. He pronounced it “ all wrong,”
and immediately summoned before
him the Deputy Commissioner of In
ternal Revenue (the chief being absent
at the time,) who, after hearing the
recital, concurred in the Secretary’s
opinion, and declared himself equally
ignorant and innocent of the wrong.
The result was that the Secretary
ordered the suspension of the collec
tion, until rendition of the Judge’s de
cision, (saying he thought I had adopt
ed the best course for the settlement of
the question,) but declined to refund
the sum paid under duress, which had
been pronounced “ all wrong” until the
decision was made.
At the next term of the Cou.-t,
Judge Erskine delivered an elaborate
opinion, concluding with an order of
injunction pendente lite. A copy of this
decision was forwarded to the Depart
ment with a second demand of repay
ment, which was declined on the
ground that the Secretary was consid
ering the propriety of carrying up the
question.
The Collector, I was informed, nev
er answered the bill nor put in an ap
pearance ; and at the September term,
1867, the Judge granted a perpetual
injunction, and decreed that the sum
paid under duress, be relundcd.
A third demand was then made for
repayment, hut I was answered that
the legality of the tax had been refer
red to the Attorney General of the
United States, and that the Depart
ment would await his opinion. That
was soon after given, sustaining the
decree of the Court, which declared the
tax illegal. Then upon a fourth de
mand tne money was refunded, but
interest on it was refused, although the
Treasury of the United States had
held it about eighteen months, and
also during the same time, interest was
accruing at the rate of 7.30 per cent,
against the Western and Atlantic Rail
road to the United States, on the debt
before mentioned, and soon after paid
in full.
But for this appeal to the Judiciary,
in limine, it cannot be doubted that
this onerous and illegal tax would,
year after year, have been extorted
from our impoverished State by the
spoiled and spoiling minions of power,
lt is but one of many exhibitions of
the tyrannous and rapacious spirit
in which the ruling party have requit-
privilege of purchasers ed the unconditional and sincere sub-
d security. I cannot mission of the Southern people to the
authority of the Federal Government
These wrongs I impute to the ruling
party—theirs is the sin ; and theirs, in
the time of recompense, will be the
shame and the suffering. IPi? can only
possess ourselves in patience, looking
for the outstretching of His right arm
who has said, “ Vengeance is mine and
I will repay.”
But these things should not be al
lowed to pass unheeded or unchroni-
cled.
Great as were the embarrassments
encompassing the office during the first
year of my term, they were vastly in
creased by the passage of the Recon
struction Acts, and the entrance into
the State of a military chieftain, trans
ferred from “ headquarters in the saddle”
to the headquarters in Atlanta. This
man came invested with I’e-potic pow
er over the people of Georgia, and with
authority, at his sovereign pleasure,
to remove from office any one of their
chosen public servants. And these
things, shades of Washington, Jeffer
son and Madison! were done notwith
standing the distinct recognition of
Georgia (either before they were com
menced or during their progress) as a
State within the Unit n, by every de-
r rtnient of the Federal Government.
pause not, to produce proof of the
assertion; hut I challenge an issue
upon it.
These reconstruction act*, it will be
remembered, had been passed by the
Congress of the United States over the
veto of the President, based upon their
unconstitutionality. So soon as ac
tion was taken under them—so soon as
the foot of the mjlitarv Despot was
impressed upon the soil of Georgia—I
repaired to Washington and tiled a
Bill in the name of the State of Geor
gia, against the intruders in the Su
preme Court, seeking to enjoin and set
aside these proceedings, as infringe
ments upon the reserved sovereignty of
the State, anil in violation of the Con
stitution of the United States.
The right of the State to file that
bill, and the jurisdiction of the Court
in the case depended upon the fact al
leged, that she was one of the States
of the Union. As a foreign power, or
a conquered province, she would have
had no ilzlit to do so—the Court, no
jurisdiction in the premises. Still, as
tho rec< ris of the Court show, upon
full presentation of the Complaint,
formal permission was granted to file
the bill; nor was she afterwards dis
missed the Court, unredressed, on the
ground that, she lacked that status.
Afltr argument, the bill was dis
missed because in it there was alleged
neither interference, nor the threat of
interference, with her property, which
the Court held wss necessary to make
a case for their sublime consideration.
Nothing, so hir, had liecn disturbed,
or threatened, save the modest, though
peculiar, priceless diadem of her re*
served sovereignty, (in Radical estima
tion a paltry bauble), of which that
elevated Tribunal could not condescend
to take cognizance.
The deep humiliation which then
pervaded the entire mass of a proud
military command, unfamiliar with
civil government, and rendered giddy
by his unwonted eminence. Had I
yielded to the promptings of person
al feeling, I would at once have escap
ed the pain of this unprecedented sub
ordination by resigning the office.—
But knowing that the position would
enable me to keep open to our people,
a channel of communicatien with the
Chief Magistrate of the Union (who
was a reluctant agent in their crusade
against liberty) and might thus in soma
degree, alleviate their sufferings, I re
solved to remain in it, yielding all
questions of mere policy, but maintain
ing principle, to ine extent of my pow
er, and failing (if fall I must) in its
defense. I was powerless to prevent
the removal of faithfull offiter. of the-,
judicial department, or the appoint
ment of others to fill their places, or
to arrest the latter, in the unauthoriz
ed exercise of their illgottcn offices ;
but I declined to pay them the salaries
appropriated to officers constitutionally-
appointed and commissioned. This
alone would probably have indue si
my removal; hut an occasion of greater
moment soon after occurred.
The Congress of the United State#
by their nefarious reconstruction act,
hail provided for the assemblage of a.
Convention, at Atlanta, to frame »
Constitution for the State in lieu of
that adopted in 1865, after the close
of the war. The latter was confessed
ly Republican in character—acknowl
edged as the Supreme law of the State,,
the Constitution of the United States
and all acts of Congress in conformity
therewith—hail received the President's
approval, and under it, the existing
State Government had been organ
ized.
The Congressional act which allied
the Convention of 1867 and 1868 to
gether, provided for defraying their
expenses, only by authorizing them to
levy a tax for that purpose. The body,
finding themselves unprovided with
subsistence, and incapabie of feeding
upon their patriotism until relieved by
the slow process of taxation, experi
mented upon the credit of the State,
which, though always previously a re
source in emergencies, failed to attract
capital when tampered with by them.
In this extremity, they turned their
longing eyes upon the Treasury of tho
State. Whether originally prompted,
or only encouraged by the military
Dictator, they passed a resolution re
quiring the Treasurer of the Stata to
pay to their financial agent the sum of
forty thousand dollars, for the present
use of the Convention. This resolu
tion (being only an entering wedge)
was approved by General Pope, under
whose broad shadow they held their
daily sittings; and armed with this
high authority, the agent designated
repaired to Milledgeville, and made
formal demand of the money upon
Colonel John Jones, State Treasurer.
That worthy gentleman and faithful
officer, refused payment, in the ab
sence of an Executive Warrant.—
About this time General .Pope, (proofs
of whose numerous abuses of power,
had been multiplied to the President
by myself and others,) was removed
from his command in Georgia, and
General Meade appointed to succeed
him. One of the successor’s first acts
was a requisition upon me for a war
rant upon the Treasurer to satisfy the
demand of the Convention. With
this I refused to comply, on the ground
that the Constitution, under which 1
elected and inaugurated, ami
which I had sworn to obey, expressly
provided that no money should be
taken from the Treasury, except by
Executive warrant, upon appropriation
made by law ; and that no appropri
ation had been made by Jaw to defray
the expenses of that Convention. 1
insisted that the requisition was unwar
ranted, even by the reconstruction
acts. The Congress had not Neutered
upon an act so flagrant as the direit
appropriation of money front the Treas
ury of Georgia. But tliej had be
stowed a largess of power upon n mil
itary chieftain, who.*e lack of training
in the principles of civil government,
rendered him little scrupulous in over
stepping constitutional barriers. I fell,
and feel, that the argument was with
me; bet the power was with the Gen
eral, and beneath its pressure, I, and
the argument went down together. I
was removed by a military fiat, and
Brevet Brigadier-General llugcr, of
the U. b. Army, a u i-rditmtcof Gen
eral Meade, appointed to succeed me.
On presenting himself to assume the
Government, the appointee in answer
to a ques ion by me, read me an extract
from his instructions, directing him, in
case of resistance, to employ such
force as might lie necessary to over
come it. Having at my command no
force whatever, I contented myself
with a protest against the proceeding,
as a flagrant usurpation, violative of
the Constitution of the United States,
and a declaration that I forbore resist
ance, only because I was powerless to
make it—aud so retired.
I believe it is pretty generally un
derstood, that as for as was practicable,
in the brief interval allowed me, I
placed the movable voluafles of the
state, and certainly the money then in
the Treasury, beyi’nd the reach of tho
spoilers, ana in the exercise of a legal
discretion, suspended the collection of
taxes then m progress. At all events
the immediate object of this extreme
measure, the placing of the funds ac
tually in the Treasury at the disposal
of the Constitution-makers, then un
constitutionally assembled at Atlanta,
was defeated. Cotemporaneously with
this entire, undisguised usurpation of
the Executive Office, those military
people—proud in their historical re* I men took actual possession of the State
minisceuces, and their consciousness of Capitol, and its grounds—of the Ex-
thorough rectitude of intention, and of
conduct, will be long remembered.—
Their final submission was as truthful
and unqualified as their resistance had
been honest, open, and heroic.
But that humiliation was intensified
in the person of their Executive, forc
ed as he was by circunistanoes, into
daily contact with the insolence of an
intruded Ruler, trained to arbitrary
ecutive Mansion and its furniture ami
grounds, and of the archirt s of tjie
oute.
Furthermore, they revoked mv or
der suspending the collection of taxes
which they required the collector to
pay to their own appointed treasurer,
seized upon tho income of the Western
And Atlantic Railroad (then in good
order, and successful operation') and, in