The Albany patriot. (Albany, Ga.) 1845-1866, April 23, 1845, Image 1

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iT* -v t, «Tlotleration * V . f r ‘ lt ; j U l l.'TI ; * , ; T ' i 1 t J' t *i 1 * • VOL. L ALBANY, BAKER COUNTY, GEORGIA, APRIL 33, 1846. l-r NO. 2. THE PATRIOT, i« prsustizn evert weoxesdat roetohj, by NELSON TIFT & SETH N. BOUBHTON, Editors and Proprietors. , •; h TEEMS. . TWO. DoUan per innum, if paid in advance, or Three Dollar* at the end of tlio year. Advertisements not exceeding twelve linos, will bo inserted at One Dollar for the tim insertion, and fifty —far each continuance. Advertisements not having die number of insertions specified, will be published until forbidf „ Baler ci Land and Negroes by Executor*, Adminis trators and Guardians, arc required by law to he advertised in a public gazette, sixty days previous to the diy of nip. k The sales of Personal Property must be advertised ' in like manner fatty days. Notice to Debtors and Creditors of an estate must bC a t £ffi d X,. mill be — J - — the Court of Odimry fo^eave to sell land and Negroes, must be published weekly for lour months. Monthly Advertisements, One Dollar per square, for each insertion. ST AD Letters on business must be post paid. MISCELLANY. autograph of ibe Secretary of Police, while in Paris, which proved of great service lo me, while wending inv way, dny or liiglit, through (he city, and at.placcs of public resort; the ngenis knew 1 possessed this secret'protection, and 1 was respected ac cordingly wherever I went; foi in having that autograph, I could command the im mediate service of one and nil the police at any moment in-Paris. Hence I hid no fear of entering any place, or of being out late at night, or even crossing the bridges at midnight, from which my friends often caulionccTnic, as being very’dangerous, as they were the 1* rking places of robbers and assassins. In all my rambles, however, in and nrouna Paris, i was not in any one in stance, ever molested, or received nn insult ing word; nor did. I, in all tlie timc, sec any one intoxicated, or one asking aims; smiles of contentment seemed to pervade every countenance, rich or poor, all ap peared satisfied, as if tme happiness and contentment reigned within its walls, al though A motley group throughout the streets pervail, And pleasure revels, though their funds should fail. Prom the Philadelphia Saturday Courier. Notes of Travel, In England and on the Continent. BY JOHN H. SHERBURNE, AUTHOR OP “ LIFE OF rAUL JONES,” “NAVAL SKETCHES,” ETC. Of the great number of touists who an nually visit England and the Continent of Europe, I feel convinced there arc at least one third who leave the United States with out any settled plan, without any fixed re solve as to their ultimate place of destina tion, leaving lo chance, when they arrive, or to tho advice of their friends, the choice of their future movements. Now, it un fortunately happens that every person who has travelled takes his or her own particu lar view, forms his or her own particular opinion of the gaiety, the dullness, the cheapness or the extravagance of the dif ferent cities and towns they may happen to visit, an inequality of fortune or of health often giving a bias, and coloring with gloom or brightness the different cities of magni tude they may be questioned about. To obviate, in some measure, these conflicting modes of obtnining informa*ion. the “ Pen ciling! Mroad” have been thrown hastily together, to point out the expenses lo the economical traveller, the curiosities lo be seen by tho more inquisitive visitor, and to give a general view of society, and arrange ments which may be obtained in the prev ious and future numbers, by the more light hearted voyager. Add to this, the best modes of travelling, and other subjects interesting to those who may wish to re main abroad one or more years. Such is now the great facility of travelling in Eng land and on the Continent, and the moder ate fare from place to place, that an eco nomical tourist, who has had some little experience in travelling, and acquainted somewhat with what is termed (he dignity of human nature, and feels a pride in ac ■ knovvledging himself an American,—such a person, at this time can, for about $601), visit every capital in Europe, all England, Scotland, ana Ireland, and make a pilgrim age to the Holy Land. The greatest ex pense at fAit time is in crossing the Atlantic, which will be soon obviated by the running of French steamers, when the competition between the English and French steamers, and the numerous packet ships,*will ant must unquestionably reduce the present exorbitant rates to one third, or possibly one half, which will permit all persons then of moderate means and income, and of an economical turd, to have the pleasing satis faction of visiting the Old World. * In 1835, a man would have been thought insane, if he had prophesied that in 1845 a person could leave JVew York, and in fourteen days mp hi* wine in Paris, Brus sels, Rotterdam, $c., via Liverpool, and Lon don; yet we see it easily accomplished, without much fatigue. At this time, a person may dine in London to-day, and to morrow dine on the field of IVaterloo, Brus sels, Rotterdam at Dublin; or, can break fast in London, and dins on BomoarthfeU, 4-c; and ail for a trifling expense, which will be given in dollars and cents, and the mode or conveyance; &c., in a future number, pro bono publico. All the Cafes, Restaurants, Public Gar dens, Theatres, Balls, Gaming Ilonses,— is fact, all places of public resort in Paris, have spies, under pay, of the Prefecture de in order to mark their stas, and watch their movements thereafter. - The English and Spaniards are very closely watched; but the Americans, from the time our Minister, General Cass, took up his residence in Paris, ars seldnmnoticed by these police agents; can go and come when lhey please, and at •8 bouflfc without a- question ,* for at this time the Frenchman looks upon an Ameri can «s wfirtend, try ** make : his time fnm agreeably when in theur country,' and will much out of their way to A© him a vor. Through i^N^hce of jU mflo. ential Mend, I was furnished with the Cultivation of Cuba Tobacco. By request of some of our friends, we have commenced tiic publication of Mr. Hernan dez’ Letter on the cultivation of Cuba To bacco, and although some of ottr readers inny have seen it before, wc deem it unne cessary to apologise for publishing it for the benefit of those who hare not. The sub ject is one of much importance, and all of our planters who have not read it, should give it an attentive perusal. Copy oj a letter from Joseph Jll. Hernandez, Esq., to Dr. IVm. II. Simmons, dated Mala-Compra, 15ih April, 1831). Dear Sir,—I have delayed this commu nication on the culture of Cuba tobacco longer than I ought, but as youarc acquain tedWith the multiplicity of engagements that have constantly occupied my atten tion, I trust that you will excuse ine. The first thing to be considered in this, ns in every other culture, is the soil, which for this kind of tobacco ought to be of a rich sandy loam, neither too high nor too low ; that is, ground capable of retaining mois ture. The more level the better, and if possible well protected by margins. The next should be the selection ol a spot of ground to made the necessary hods. It would be preferable to make these on land newly cleared, or ut nil events, where the land lias not been seeded with grass; for grass seeds springing up together with the tobacco, would injure it materially, ns the grass cannot be removed without dis turbing the tobacco plants. In preparing the ground for the nurseries, break it up properly, grub up all tho small stumps, dig out the roots, and carefully remove them with the hand ; this being* done, make the beds from three to four inches high, of a reasonable length, and from three to three and a half feet broad, so as to enable the hand, at arm’s length, to weed out the ten der young plants with the fingers from both sides of the bed, and keep them pctfectly clean. The months of December and January arc the most pro|>cr for sowing the seed in this country*—some persons speakof plan ting it ns enrly as the month of November; I am, however, oi opinion that about the latter part of December is the best time lo sow tobacco seed : any sooner would ex pose the plants to suffer from the inclemen cy of the most severe part of our winter season. Before tho seed is sown, take some dry trash and burn it off upon the necessary beds, to destroy insects and grass seeds; then take one ounce of tobacco seed and ■nix it with about a quail of dry ashes, so as to separate the seed ns much as possible, and sow it broad cast. After the seed has been thus sown, the surface of the bed ought to be raked over slightly and trodden upon by the foot, carrying the whole weight or the body with it, that the ground may at once adhere closely to the seed, and then water it. Should the nursery beds apparently become dry from blighting winds or other causey watering will be absolutely necessary; for the ground onght to hie kept in a moist state from the time the seed is planted until the young plants are large 'iMUfh to be set out. The nurseries being made, proceed to prepare the land where the tobacco is to be set out. If the land is newly cleared, (and new land is probably more favorable to the production of this plant than it is to that of any other both as respects, quality and quantity,) remove as many of the stumps other effect than that of removing the earth still more from them. Should the land be such as to admit of being worked with tlfe plough, it ought certainly to he prefered to the common hoe. The plough, however, should be excluded after the plants ore set out. - ■ Tltc ground having been prepared and properly leveled off, and the plants sufli- cicntly grown to be taken up, say of the size of good cabbage plants, lake ad van tage of t lie first wet or cloudy weather to commence setting them out. * This should be done with -gicat care, and the plants put single atequal distances; (bat is about three feet North and South, and two and a half or two and three-fourths feel East and West. They are placed thusclosc to each other, to prevent the leaves growing too large. The direction of the rows however, should alter according to the situation of the land, where it had any inclination the widest space should run across it, and the beds will have to be made, so as to prevent the soil being washed from the roots by- rain, when bedded ; but, where the land is rather level, the three feet rows should be North and South, so as to give the plants a free circulation of air, and that the sun may have a more full.effect on tlicm by passing across the beds, than bv crossing tlicm in an oblique direction. To set the plants cut regularly, lake a task line of 105 feet in length, witfi a pointed slick three feet long attached to each end of it, then insert a small piece of rag or something else through the line at the distance of two feet and three-fourths from each other, place it North and South, (or as the land may re quire,) at full length, and then set a plant er system, would hardly be needed—do we not take a hasty retrospect of soma of the causes that are con stantly in operation to prevent the great maos ot the icople in Great Britain tmm changing their condition or the better 1—Phil. Saturday Courier. A -Vorft Carolina Baby !—We have justseen one of the greatest natural curiosities of the day, viz: s child who win not be eight years of age until July next, and who weighs 117 lbs!—more than the cel ebrated Daniel Lambert weighed at the same age. He measures round the waist 46 inches—round the hips 47—the thighs 26—the knees 18—neck I7J—. arm his height is 4 feet Si inihes! In the develops- ment of his mind and in his manners, he has all the childish simplicity of ordinary lads of his age, and is 'leased exactly with what usually delights children, t looks odd to soe snch a lamp of flesh, chuckling ever anew toy, or a colored marble, but a moment's examination will satisfy any one, that be is the mere child he soems to be. llis uameli Ja-qicr Jack- son ; be is a native of Orange county, and ie the eon of poor, but very respectable parents. Mr. William Stringer, of this city, has made engagement with his lather, and left here yesterday for the Northern cities, with a view of exhibiting him to the public. He is a curiosity that wilt vie with Tom Thumb and Major Chaffiin.and wiU be so pronounced by all who visit him.—Ralicgh Register. tit every division, carefully keeping the bud of the plant above the surface of the ground. Then remove the line three feel from the first row, and so on until the planting is completed. Care ought lo lie taken to pre vent the stretching of the line from mispla cing the plants. In this way the plants can be easily set out, and a proper direction given to them both ways. In taking the plants up from the nursery, the ground should be first loosened with a flat peice of wood or iron, about an inch broad; then carefully holding the leaves closed towards each other, between the fingers, draw them up, and place them in a basket or some other convenient thing, to receive them for planting. After taking up those which can be planted during tne day, water the nursery that the earth may again adhere to the remaining ones. The. evening is the best time for setting out the plants, but where a large field lias to be cultivated it will be well to plant both morning and eve ning. The plants set out in the morning, unless in rainy or cloudy weather, should be covered immediately, and the same should be done with those planted the eve ning previous, should the day open with a clear sunshine—the palmetto leaf an swers l his purpose very well. There should be water convenient to the plants, so ns to have them watered morning and evening, but more particularly in the evening, until they have taken root* They should also be closely examined when watered so as to replace such plants ns happen to die, that the ground may be properly occupied, and that all the plants may ripen as nearly to. gethcr as possible. ( To be continued ) * It is hence generally necessary that wells shonM be sunk at convenient distances through the field. Thrilling incident.—The Rev. Dr. Becclicr, in an article which he recently furnished for the Young Reader, tells the following touching story: “A few years since, as the Rev. Joseph Davis, an excellent Baptist minister in Iranian, was walk ing along cue of the crowded streets of that city, his attention was arrested by the circumstance tint a carriage w ith several horses, was just about to pass over a little girl who was slowly crossing tlie road, lie strongly trlt the danger of the child, and forget ting his own, lie ran, snatched her up in hia anus, ana hastened with her to the side path, when the thonght struck him—what would the parents of this dear child have felt tad she been kitted! At this moment bo looked in the face of the little girl, which liail keen concealed trom his view by her bonnet— and imagine, if you can, his feelings he discovered that it was hU own daughter! I saw him about Itall an hour after the occurrence, and I shall never forget his agitation as he described to me her dan ger, or his expression of thankfulness toon iulinito’y gracious Being who thus delivered his beloved child trem death!” Interesting to Planters. Now that the prices of cotton are below a fair remuneration for tho labor of raising and preparing it for market, and when it is now ascertained that there is a scarcity of Fork, which will materially enhance the price, will not our intelligent planters take the hint which is here furnished—increase and improve iheirstock Of hogs, and render themselves independent of the >Vcst fer their'future.supplies of this indispensable article of subsistence P We extract the following from the April No. of the Cultivator. We sec it stated in various papers that the amount packed at Cincinna'tti last year was less.by one third than for the year pre vious. Ai St. Louts, ti ts said, the decrease is still grater; and through the (State of Illinois there is said to have been a falling off of from a third to onc-hnlf. In Ohio tho falling off was much greater, as w'c arc in formed, at the interior slaughtering places, tiian at Cincinuatu. In the Scioto valley, for instance, where the number slaughtered in nine places, in 1843, was 12I,8U0, tho number for 1844 is only 48,350.” Beautiful Sugar.—The new process is working wonders in the sugar of Loiibiiuin. Wo have at oup office a sample of three hundred packages, made on one plantation, which is whiter, and on tho whole more beautiful than any sugar eveT imported from the West Indies. The expense of the new process is no more than that of tho old, except for machinery. This parcel of sugar was received at Philadelphia, and most of it sold there at 91 cts. pr. lb. A small portion of it lias been brought on hero and. sold for 9) a 9) cts. pr. lb. The high est sale of St Croix sugar yet made, was at 91 cts.—JV. Y. Journal of Commerce. Buffalo, April 3. Terrible Flood on Niagara Rites.—An We give the following extract from an address to the Harford county Agricultural ,. ... c - , I r , . extraordinary excitement has prevailed at Society, by Ralph R. I’hclps, Esq., and Quecnslon and Lewiston for the last three commend ti to the attention of every Pa rent. ... , and roots as possible, and dig upthe ground olice, who dress os gentlemen, engage in jntuch a manner as to render the surface il amusements, sing, and sip their wine, perfectly leoei; then level the ground, without exciting the leatt suspicion, and and in this stale leave it until the nureerv freely converae on any and every euhject, plants have acquired about one half the growth necessary to admit of tbeir being set out. Then break up the ground a se cond time in the same manner as at first, as in this way all the small fibres of roots their rooted ports will be more or less separated, and thus obviate much of that degree of sponginess so common to new land, arid which is in a great measure the catiee of new land seldom producing well the first year, as the soil does not lay close j JSlarirefyWJy .ysto of gS^S^ The Condition of England. No intelligent mind can fail to see, that Great Brit ain has been the scene of many important movements oflafe: and certainty one of the most striking is the proposed reduction of import duties to the amount of £3^310,000 annually. Here isa sum of more than fifteen millionsof dollars, which the Premier proposes to reduce. It has created no little wonder among her own people, and is rarely to be regarded in other na tions as an indication of the measures which the pre sent condition of affairs in England requires to be adopted. No dweller in these free states can contrast the condition ot his own country with that of England, without a feeling of gratitnde that his home has been permitted an this side of the Atlantic. The annual expenses of Great Britain are £48,690,000. The interest of her public debt alone, is £28^396,000. Let the political changes be what they may, it has been well remarked, that there can be no doubt that Great Britain is rapidly increasing in wealth and in misery. Her commerce and manufactures are daily adding to her resources, whilst every year brings home from her distant colonies thousands who have father-land. At the same^^^estea^pragress of events, resulting from the peculiar character of her institutions, is gradually widening the distance be tween the wealthy and tne poor, and rapidly increas ing the. number of the latter. No statesman propo- posesany plan for the effectual redaction of the pub lic debt. The idea of its ever being paid is regarded as chimerical. The time when projects for such an object were feasible, is acknowledged to have pass ed away forever. Overs hundred mUUane of doUara must inconsequence be annually collected to paythe interest This tax, however it may appear to come fromotber quarters, is eventually taken tom the pro- dnetive classes, and in the main goes to those who live without labor. In addition to this, the law of primogeniture keeps in individual hands, Gram age to age, estates that hare increased in value a thousand times since they were first entailed, and must con tinue to increase as the country grows in arts, wealth and population. “His is another of the causes that is daily widening mere and morethe extremes of society. And do not the church endow ments, inclu ding the whole tithing system, have a similar depress* ing effect t When we add to these cases the op- it has been a source of complaint with fanners, that they cannot keep their hoys at home ; that they must leave the farm for a profession, a clerkship, a trade, or even a pcdler’n trunk or cart. This I con sider a great evil, which demands a reme dy.” After speaking of the causes of the evil, among which he cnuii'crates false ideas of honor and respcclabhity, “surly, morose, and scolding habits of parents,” and “the rough, uncouth, and comlortlcss appear- oncc of many farmer’s houses ana out buildings,” Mr. P. Mocccds to point out a remedy as follows: “ Let no farmer’s wife think her children too good to labor; bu , on the contrary, let her strive early to fix habits of industry. Let every mother leach her sons, that while labor on the farm is honorable, idle ness, ignorance and vice alone bring re- f iroach. And when this lesson is thorough- y impressed on the mind of her son, and corresponding habits are formed, that son will be likely to make an efficient man and useful citizen, whether he be following a profession, or be engaged in the more safe und more pleasant pursuit of agriculture. But when the mother, without this lesson, and without iheso habits, undertakes to make her son-a gentlemen, she is for more likely to make him a loafer. “Let parents labor to give their children a good education. Let the absurd ration, that a farmer needs no education, be ban ished from every dwelling. There is no pursuit, where intelligence, and a well cul tivated, and a well dtciplined mind is more necessary', than in the proper management of the farm. Let the mind be enlarged by a knowledge of history, political economy, and especially the sciences connected with agriculture. Let the young farmer enrich his mind by general reading. Let him thoroughly understand our political institu tions; ana be able to judge of his political rights and duties, without the aid of some demagogue, who had rather devote his time to watching over the public interests, than to the pursuit of honest industry.— In short, let the farmer Jte able to reason to examine and to judge for himself, ant l he will soon take the elevated rank in so ciety to which his calling entitles him, and will no longer have the opportunity of com plaining that professional men nave too much influence. This will have a great tendency to attach farmer’s sons to their homes and to their farms.” Quecnslon and Lewiston for the last three days. The ice has disappeared from here with great rapidity. Such have been its movements over the Niagara Falls, accom- tauied with a strong north wind, that tho Niagara River has been completely block ed up. The ice there yesterday, within u mile of the Falls, was forty feet high I Iu the rapid course or the ice, every thing on the h’harvcs at Quccnsfon and Lewiston, has been swept off, with the contents of tho store houses. At Youngstown, it has cleared off every house neur the wharves, and the steam flour mill has gone with it, with some 80 barrels of flour and a large lot of potash in store (here. j. , ■ The damage, all round, is not far from $100,000.—Cor. Rochester Democrat. enough tothe roots of the plants growing i time of Mace more th.n £16,000,000, knit? «0thata shower of rain produces no motions of dolbis,for the purpose of war, aflof'.. I fa annually expended on * the army, navjr, andord- * Florida. I nance, maintaining a body of men, who, under anoth- TTie British Navy, according to the Register, em braces 490 mounted war vessels, besides 203 strain ships. These vessels carry 16,649 guns, to ray no* thing of muskets sabres, enthuses, Ac., and this number may be indefinitely increased according to exigencies. The Royal service has 186 Admirals rear admirals and vice admirals; 718 Captains, 1,631 Lieutenants, and 30,000 sailors. The marine corps numbers 40,000. Thai hate targe specimens in Kentucky.—The LovisviUe Journal ray* that Mbs Browning, the Ken tucky Giantess, has arrived in that city and can be at Washington Hall. MbsB. is seven feet weighs nearly throe hundred pounds, and is The Mormons.—The St. Louis Rcportct says; We learn from the Warsaw Signal, that “ most of the friends of Rigdon, who still remain in Nauvoo, have been despoiled of their property, and live in constant fear of their lives. One of these, Elder Marks, a man of wealth, fled from the city lost, week, in the night. Ot 1 cts are anxious to go but are afraid to avow it. A young man —a printer, by the name of Peck, well known in Quincy—was knocked dowri not long since, in the streets of Nauvoo; and after being shamefullv abused, a bucket of filth was poured over him. His offence was in having raid that he wished it were in h»- power to prick the veins of the Twelve.* Cotton tor Beds.—The 8outhron, published ai Jackson Mississippi, contains some remarks cn the advantages of cotton for bedding. These advantages may be summed up as follows:—It is claimed that “it is the cheapest, most comfortable, and moat healthy material for bedding that b known to tho ciriilixed world.” In addition to these, maybe na med superior deaniinest; there b no grease in it, as in hair or wool—-it does not get stale, and acquire an unpleasant odor, as feathers do—moths do not. infest it ss they do wool—it does not pack and become hard, as moss docs—nor docs it become dry, brittle, and dusty, as do straw or husks—and it fa in many cases medicinal. It fa raid not to cause that lassi tude and incritia which fa produced by sleeping on feathers. People not acquainted with it, have sup posed they had Wn steeping on the best feathers, when, in fact, their beds were made of cotton Geological Deffinitions. The primitive earths are four; cby, sand, limn and magnesia. Cky w called by geologists, alumina, alumninc, 1 argilaceous wtfii Sand b called ailex, aflkbns earth, earth of fltots. Lime, as it exists in the soil, b commonly called calcareous earth. The term calcareous b not prop erly applied to any soil unless it will effervesce with Each of these earths, answer a determinate, and in ths economy and growth of plants, on of soil lies in a mixtare of the Vegetable umpcr.—AD vegetable substances in a decaying or nAtcn state. Animal matter.—All animal substances in a putri- fying state. Organic matter.—A term applicable to both animal and vegetable substances in a nutrifying state. Vegetable mould.—the earthy remains of vegeta ble substances which lfave eithar grown and decayed on the soD, or have been conveyed tfaftfasriftthe jsw- Loamb a combination of vegetable mould with tho primitive earths. _ Mari is a substance consisting of litoe with a small . t , ,r. t portion of chy, and somMinoa of peat, With httripn The bill before the New York Legislature, “to sud and aninfal remains. It b useful as manure, punish persona who appear in public ditgkiscd^' fs and b distinguished by shell, day and stcoe nfaHi 1. to be attended to those who wsar mustaches. Sciithem Cuhttmor