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ALBANY, BAKER COUNTY, GEORGIA, DECEMBER 31,1845.
■rnw-M*
NO. 38.
T HE ALBANY PATRIOT,
(BUSHED EVERY WEDNESDAY MOUKIKfi, BY
NELSON TIFT & SETH N. BOUBHTON,
1,1 Editor* ami Proprietors.
terms.
-It-n iViUars per annum, if paid, in advance, or
T " tv’' s at the end of tlie year.
SjEai* nut exceeding twelve line., wiU
'*.1 at One Dollar for the tint insertion, and
3 , for rtc h continuance. AdvertiscinenU
• U^ag the number of insertions specified, will
^roUndNeffrdes by Executors, Adminis-
Guardians, are required by law to he
gSSTu, a public gazette, sixty days previous to
*TV reW 1 ,<TO »»1 Property must lie advertised
^rMoScbtore si3 Creditors of an estate must
'T.il^dat application will be made to the Court
, it an for leave to sell 1 -and and Negroes, must
Unified weekly for four month*.
UoatUy Advertisements,One Dollar per square
.nrli insertion. ...
, All letters cn business mnst be post ja<d.
and fruit. It was a great gathering, whe
ther measured by iis rcspectubility or its in
tellect. The old Ircc-irndc orators were
there—the guest, Cobden, bright, Fox,
and the greatest merchant in the world,
Mr. William brown, the representative of
the great American house ol that name in
Liverpool.—JV. 1. Eve. Pott, 121A ttuf.
MISCELLANY.
ROMANCE OF REAL LIFE.
A voting American planter named Da
vui, of iimneiiscd fortune, recently came
.vcr to this country, in search of a wife,
ni alter visiting sonic of the most lash-
cities, an.l spending bis money
ki a prince," wiihout meeting the object
eearclt, he paid a visit to Binning-
am, and was siandingonc day at the door
nlic “lienand ChickenB,” when, ns old
r i VC « would say, (and circumstances in
kiscare proved the truth of the saying)
verv person he came to England to
iook for, walked across New street, nearly
(.posite where he stood. Struck with her
.ppenrance lie followed the lady, and with
..licit politeness, expressed a wish for a
i:cr acquaintance, and desired to see her
Ume. The young lady, a Mis3 Rimmer
ui Alcester, was at that time on a visit to
Mr. Hedy’s, Bristol road, to whose house
die stranger arcompnnied her, but his part
ner in me walk not much liking such a
i„.imntic visitor, referred him toiler parents.
Tiic traveller was not to b i diverted from
a olipicl in search of which he hod trav-
lluil so far, “and the little town of Alcester
i;is shortly after well nigh frightened from
u | iopiiety by a carriage and four driv-
mg up at full speed to tire house of Mr. j externally
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF
» WAR.
We copy from the Union the.following
synopsis, presenting the leading features ol
the Report of the Secretary ol War—one of
the documents accompanying the Presi
dent’s Message:
It exhibits, in the first instance, the or
ganization, strength, and constitution of
t he regular army. The rank and file—em
bracing every arm of the service—does not
exceed 6,5 ill men. At this lime, there is
stationed but a single regiment on theyvliolc
northern frontier, from Maine to Lake Su
perior—an extent of two thousand miles;
and on the ivlioLe line from the Falls of St.
Anthony to New Orleans, (fifteen hundred
miles,) only one regiment of dragoons and
two of infantry. The artillery regiments
—reduced bv detachments of four compan
ies from each—now garrison the fortifica
tions of the seaboard, from Newport to New
Orleans. The remaining and larger pro
portion of the army is "now stationed in
Texas. The report gives an interesting
account of the political reasons which Imvc
induced the government to give them this
destination. The Secretary docs not think
Prom the Soutlorn- i'raiucript.
SMYRNA,—THE GULF,—GENERAL
ASPECT OF THE CITY,—STREETS,
• LUILDINbS, IXI’ORTS, Ac.
To the Editor of the Transcript:—The city
of Smyrna, in Asm Minor, once the seat of
one of the “Seven churches oPAsin,” is still
one of the greatest commercial cities of the
Levant It is situated at the end of a gulf
which makes in from the Archipelago a-
boui thirty miles east. This gulf is well
sheltered by hills and mountains, and af
fords secure anchorage to vessels almost
its entire length. Within alrant seven miles
of Smyrna, the channel is quite narrow, and
vessels not uufreqiicntly get aground, but
as the bottom is muddy, they are rarely
injured. At this point a neck of land rims
out from the north side of the gulf, made
in part, at least it is supposed, by the ac- . _
lion of the river Hermits, which there cn-1 it prudent to remove the troops from this
ters the bay. The harbor of Smyrna is| position until our relation] with Mexico
regarded as one of the most secure in the' a
whole Eastern world,
Ships of the heav
iest burthen anchor here with lire most en
tire safety through the winter.
As you approach Smyrna hy water, you
see it lying chiefly on a plain along the
shore, gradually rising back towards the
base of Mount Pagiis, which eminence is
crowned hy the ruins of an old castle. The
most striking objects which nrrest your at
tention oil approaching the city, arc the
residence of the foreign Consuls,"which arc
near the shore,—the mosques* with their
tall minarets, and the dark green cypress
trcCs, which rise up high in and around the
city. The population of Smyrna is vari
ously estimated : it is probably, however,
iihoiit one httudred ana twenty thousand.
There arc, perhaps, fifty thousand Turks,
thirty thousand Greeks, ten thousand Jews,
five thousand Anmmans, and a sprinkling
of almost all the other nations of tire earth
Some ports of the city have an appear
ance of thrift rind improvement; very gen
erally, however, it has an nntique aspect.
The building's, it may he remarked, often
look much better internally than they do
Many of them have nothing
Himtiicr. After many wondering# among peculiarly ntirnetivc wiihout, often exhibit
the inhabitant# who it could he, tt turned | much taste nnd beauty teithin. They are
out ihni it was Mr. Da Costa, come to re- j generally stuccoed, the lower story bein'*
quest of the parents permissoin to pay his j built of stone nnd the upper story of wood,
addressee to llieir daughter. Advice was j The streets of Smyrna are narrow, irregu-
nsked of those with whom they usually | nr , and generally nameless. You have to
mlvited, nnd consent was given; and the judge of your position hy the quarter or by
Hunger gave such evidence of the sir- \ some prominent mosque, rather than hy the
ngtli of his attachment, that he was not street. The city is divided into quarters,
long in finding his way to the heart of Miss | which ore named according to the name of
i’inmtcr; unit although many talcs^ were I their inhabitants. Tims, near the shore
nlinai of what the modern “ lllttc Beard” ; and extending hack some distunce, is Frank
would do, Ire married her at Alcester [quarter,—next is the Greek quarter;—in
tliurch on Saturday week, three carriages: the rear ol this is the Armenian quarter,—
and four conveying the parlies who graced : still further back is the Jews’ quarter, nnd
■ he nuptial ceremony with their presence. ] y C t further the Turkish ounrler Turkish
The people whose daughter has thus be- dwellings may generally lie known hy their
rente a wife, are worthy people, in moder- having a lut lice work at the windows, with
Me circumstances; tire Indy possesses good which tire Turkish females can be scrcen-
«n<e as well as personal attractions, and cd from the view of persons without.
•lie stronger has shown himself bv mnnifi- If you ask, what are the principal public
rent presents, to be really what he passes buildings of Smyrna, I answer, there are
far, n man of vast wenth, nnd a gentleman, about fifteen Mohammedan mosques, five
"e understand that the eldest brother of Greek churches, itvo Jewish synagogues,
Mbs Riinmcr is to accompany her to her ( one Armenian church, three Latin churches
tinv residence across the Atlantic, when two Protestant clmpcls, sevcrals enruvan-
his fortune, ns well a# here, will be made, series, and some military barracks. These
‘ are the principal public "structures, for you
will bear in mind, that the Turkish empire
[Wrmingham (.Eng.) Jldterlittr.
THE STATE OF ENGLAND.
IVilmer & Smith’s European Timessays:
“The stale of England since we last ad-
dressed our readers has been very peculiar,
nnd extremely exciting. The feeling then
was, that, pressed on nil hands hy the cries
of Iho country nnd tire urgency of the case,
Ministers would have opened the jiorts by
nn order in Council for lire -free admission
of every description of grain. Every thing,
in fan, indicated such a result. The Cab-
inel had protracted, and, it wns said, angry
sittings;, the fears of the public were be
coming serious; the accounts of the potnioe
crop from all parts of the country—we had
almost said, from all parts of the world—
especially from Ireland, were really alarm
ing; the price of grain, until checked by
the prevailing feeling, that the Corn la e
would be suspended, was rising daily. All
titis, combined with the panic in the Share
Market, and the utter prostration of the
Lotiyancy and speculation which existed
only a short time previously in rampant im
petuosity, caused the opening of the ports
'o he looked to with hope and with certain-
»y, as a thing that must lie. But the quid
nuncs have hern doomed to disappointment
—the ports will not be opened!”
The electors of Tamworth have been
feasting Sir Robert Peel.
On the same dny, in the same part of
Hie country, another assemblage, with* a
yery different object, was busy carrying out
"* destiny. The people of Birmingham,
anxious to manifest their attachment to the
>«e. trade Mr. Villiere, whose annual mo-
,to n* for the repeal of the corn-laws are as
familiar to every one as an old almanac,
him a dinner in that metropolis of the
midland counties, at which upwards of 600
gentlemen discussed the present prospects
and position of the c&uso over their wine
is not distinguished as is our favored land,
by its colleges—its humane institutions—its
halls of science and of art.
Your’s, &c., W. G.
THE DEMOCRATIC AIM.
The object lor which the democratic
parly is contending is not the substitution
ol one set of men for another; it is not to
give the patronage of the government,Slate
or Federal, and the emoluments and hon
ors ol ulficiul stations to these men or those
lint its aim is to establish principles, and
thereby produce practical rerulle in the op
eration ol government upon the interests
anu welfare ol the people. Democracy
would not elevate any class of incu by spe
cial favors, nor advance the sell-aggran
dizing plan of ambitious schemes; but it
would give to all men equal rights and
equal advantages to use their own abilities
and taicnis m the development and im
provement of the worlds resources, which
the Great Creator has spread with a liberal
hand before His creatures, and to enjoy
undisturbed and unmolested whatever the
l ight use of the blessings of God may merit.
“Principles, not men,” has long been in.
scribed Upon the democratic banners as the
great motto whjelt announces our'motives
of action. IVe regard men in public offices
bu' ns the servants of the people, selected
for the purpose of performing certain duties,
appertaining to ine general welfare, nnd
amenable to the people for the faithful dis
charge of their duties. It matters not,
then, who are selected for official stations
and for candidate#, for popular suffrage,
we support them not as men; we acknowl
edge no personal considerations; they arc
but instruments in the bands.of the people,
and are to he supported as the representa
tives of principles.—Plymouth Rock.
have assumed a more decidedly amicable
character. In the event of there being
any necessity to increase the army, he pro
poses to build upon llie basjsof lire regi
ments, by adding to the rank and file of
each companv, inst< nd of creating new
regiments. This necessity'pray be found
in the course of Mexico, or in the conduct
of the Cumnnchcs, or of the Indians that
are found in Oregon, or that may interrupt
the increasing current of emigration to the
Rocky mountains.—By the proposed ar
rangement of filling up the infantry com
panies to sixty-eight men, nnd the dragoons
to sixty, tire privates are. increased, without
a corresponding augmentation of the offi
cers.
The report suggests that, besides this in
crease of the number of privates in I he two
existing regiments of dragoons, another
regiment of dragoons, or mounted riflemen
may be necessary, in the event of extend
ing our posts to the Rocky mountains.
It states that, though the concentration
of so large a proportion of the army on the
frontier of Texas may have, in some meas
ure, enlarged the expenditures, (certainly
in the article of transportation,) yet it has,
in some, degree, been compensated bv the
improvement which has taken place in the
discipline of the troops. It renews the re
commendation for establishing a corps of
sappers, miners, and pontouiers, to assist,
among other things, in const ructing bridges,
in consequence of the military occupation
of Texas. One hundred men will be suffi
cient for the purpose. .
The report gives a rapid but interesting
nccount of Colonel Kearney’s expedition,
during the last summer, to the South Pass
of the Rocky mountains; the iinpresssious
it produced among the Indians ; the num
ber of emigrants whom it met on their way
to Oregon,' to the number of 2,325 men,
women arid children, with 7?)<f ! > head of
cattle, 4 ri horses and mules, and 46 ) wag
ons. This report of Colonel Kearney ac
companies the communication of the com
manding general, and will',furnish, no
doubt, an interesting store of extracts, at a
season of greater leisure. It also refers to
the adventures of another .detachment G f
the dragoons, under lire comninnd of Cap
tain Sumner, nearly to the northern line of
he United States, between Lake Superior
nnd the Lake of the Woods. Among the
Indians whom they met with on their route,
and upon whom i hey made a due impres
sion with their military array, was a nu
merous hand of the half-breeds of the Red
river of the North, who had come from the
region of the Hudson Rat Company into
our lines, to hunt buffulo. The had’ even
solicited permission to reside in tire Uni
ted StUlC8.
The Secretary refers to the considera
tions which had prompted General Gaines
to dcpatch the volunteers of Louisiana to
the camp of General Taylor. Anuple jus
tice is done to their gallantry, and Con
gress is invited to make appropriation for
their compensation. "Genetal Taylor had
also accepted the services of four Texan
conqianies of mourned men for three
months.
The estimates for the ensuing year do
not greatly vary from those of former years.
The item for orming.the fortifications is
increased The attention of
Congress is directed to the state of the for
tifications—to the armories of Sprinfield
and Harper’s Ferry—to the establishment
of a national foundry for cannon—to the
preservation of the gunpowder belonging
to the government—to tfie condition of ihc
mineral lands in the Northwest, whjcjUlhc
Secretary proposes to transfer from the
management of the ordinance, ijej^rt meat
to some oilier, (the President’s message
suggests, to the laud office.) " '
It calls the attention of Congress to the
forty-eight forts in process of const ruction,
and to tbe propriety of erecting new.forts
at other points. Among these, as sugges
ted by the reports or the enginecra, are for
tifications of the narrows at Staten Island
and at Sandy Hook, and the condition of
the long suspended fortress at the Pea Pa
tch ; an additional work at Sollepa Point,
for tho protection of Baltimore;
jeeted fortifications on the Florida reefs.
The Secretary speaks with great con
sideration of the school at West Point, and
proposes some improvements. He calls
special attention to the report of the chiet
of the corps of topographical engineers—to
the improvements of the harbors on the
lakes, which are so well calculated to fur
nish accommodations to steamers that, in a
state of war, may be turned to the most
effective purposes, and to furnish facilities
to a commerce that is now estimated at one
hundred millions of dollars annually.
The Secretary speaks with enthusiasm
of the expeditions under Captain Fremoui,
and his valuable services. He refers to
the reports of the pension office, which has
now registered upon its books 28,921 pen
sioners— 2,371 added during the last year,
and 1,438 known jo have died. He de
votes a considerable space to the lndiin
agency and the Indians—the Pottnwolo-
inies, the Choctaws, and particularly the
Clrerokees. He lays licforc the President
some highly interesting communications
from our Inaiau sub-agent in the territory
of Oregon.
lie dedicates the conclusion of his com
prehensivc and very interesting re|R»ri to
a subject which is of so profound an im
portance in a free government, viz: the
organization of the militia. He suggests
various alterations; and among the rest,
submits the question whether if might not
lie advisable to reduce the period of service
from 18 years of age to 21, upon the ground
that, although citizens of eighteen yeuts
of age are not loo young to bear arms, they
arc not generally* in a situation to equip
themselves with arms, as tire law requires.
in writing therefor, and - notice thereof!—as
well as ol all regular meetings—shall be
published in one or more of the newspapeis
pruned in Northampton, two days at least
lielore such meeting.
Aet. VI. Any person may become a
hie member of the Clubby the payment of
lime D “° °” ,WO 1,16 Ttea,ur J r * l nn y one
, Art. VII. This Constitution may he al
tered or amended by the votes of two-thirds
of t h: members presenter any regular meet
ing, provided the same ahall have been
proposed in writing at a previous regular,
meeting.
BY-LAWS.
1. Each member shall imy annually - in
to the treasury the sum of one dollar. Am*
member, who shall foil to pay his *n nMt j)
assessment, or any fines or forfeitures on
books taken front the Library, for the space
of ninety days after tjic annual meeting,
shall then cease to be a member of the
Club, and forfeit all his rights and privil
eges as such, nnd to the library and other
property belonging to the sabre.
2. All books, save such as the Board of
Directors except, may be taken from lire
Library by tire members on Sntunlay of
each week. No book shall be detained
fiom the Library longer than ten davs un-
dbr a penalty of five cents for each day it
is so detained, nnd any member lending a
book belonging to the Club shall pay ns a
penalty the sum of one dollar for each week
stlch hook shall he so loaned.
3. Any memlier who may lose a book
belonging to the Library shall pav the val
ue of the volume or set, as assessed by the*
Librarian.
4. It shall Ire the duty of every member
of the Chib, annually to plain at* least one
tree for fruit or shade.
5. The Treasurer shaft give bonds to tho
acceptance of the Directors.
C. No money shall he paid bv the Trcns-
NO BANKS.
Louisiana nnd Texas will adopt the new
Constitutions framed to prohibit the crea
tion by state, corporation, companv or indi
viduals of aity hank whatever. Mississippi
and Missouri are about holding State Con- J, lln , css „ written order 'of o'mtT
vcntipns, to frame new Const Hut tons, in v of ,, le Directors.
which such a conservative principle \yill
most likely be engrafted. Illinois will
soon follow this wake of her sisters, and
Indiana is the debating ground at this time
for the question whether their rotten Stale
Bank shall be re-incorporated.
This question is boiiud to be progressive.
It cannot be smothered, although in some
sections it may be delayed. The time is
not far distant when the whole Paper
7. A record of payment of subscription
shall Ire the evidence of proprietorship for
the year it is so paid.
8. The Treasurer at each annual meet
ing, and so often as he may Le required,
shu! bonder nn account of all receipts and
disbursements of the Cluli for the yens
then past.
9. The Recording Secretary shall keep
Scheme, note a legalized fraud, will vanish n - nd . nl
and be remembered only for its monstrous
corruptions and temporary power.—Cin
cinnati Enquirer.
animal meeting report a list of the mem
bers of the Club, and also of those who
may have forfeited their rights ns mem
bers.
1*'. The Librarian shall keep a enta-
TIME TO CUT TIMBER. ,, r tl , . , .
, , r n - .i i, i logtte oral! Ihc hooks in the Librarv. and
In a paper by T.mothv Pickering, pre- ns „ s nil finos for lo damngc or dt .i c ’ I1( iol f
sente, olhe agnci.ilural society of^Inssn- of nnv book n!so |£ ’ an acco £“
chusctts in.1821, i is ascertained that oaks of llook() , oancd to ,, lembt £.
felled in May lasted 22 years whereas, j T||e C |„bshall hold monthly mcc9-
ihosc cut ui February lasted but 2, though ! in for ,| (C |)llrposc of hcnri n( 4 cgSt
exposed under the same.circumstances. A j discussing questions, and receding reports
farmer m that Sta e, cut a lurch lor a well-L„ ^cral subjects cinbractj by the
sweep m M(*y, and puclrd ihc bark oil ; it ’ Clul* J J . !
lasted 17 years; hut birch foiled in the! ' 12 ; No alteration shall Ire made 'in nrtv
winter season, and left with lire bark a - j |>y-Liw, except at one of tire regular meef-
taclicd, docs not Inst more than a 'ear. It j n!f xvr jn,. n no ticc having been glyeli at
is also stated in the same paper that Inn- j„ prcviolls rog(l!lir mooting.
Irer cut in June should he sawed immedt-j * r_ g
EDUCATION. ' " .*
We lm-o boen anxiotoly expecting some action
on the important subject of public Education, re
commended by the Executive, and from the delay,
feared that the present session would pass, and no
thing bo done. Wc are uow happy to say, that our
fears arc at an end, and tbe cause of delay made ap
parent in tlie desire on the part of the friends of pub
lic Education, to bring tho subject fully before tlie
Legislature. Every efloit lias been made to pro
cure tlie records of institutions of other States of
the confederacy; and the results of this investiga
tion have &cen only had within a few days.
Mr. Armstrong, of Bibb, than whom there is mx
member of tho Legislature, more fully competent to
this important charge, (for his practical know ledge
is extensive,) has brought a bill into the lower House,
which appears to ns to meet tbe present demand on
this subject Wc are aware that largo sums have
atcly aftcj it is cut, ns then it works easier.
Jilaine Cultivator.
CONSTITUTION
Of the Northampton Agricultural, 'Horticul
tural and Floricullural Club.
Article I. This Association shall he
known ns the Northampton Agricultu
ral, Horticultural, and Flouicultu-
ral Club.
Art. II. The object of the Club shall Ire
the-circulation of general intelligence ami
practical instruction, in all the branches ol
Agriculture, Horticulture and Floricul
ture :
1. By the establishment of a perma-
inent library of the best Ixm. ks on those sub
jects.
2. By the establishment of a correspond^
once with other bodies seeking tbe same j been annually paid for public Education, the result?
objects. j of this expenditure being ackiKwiedged hy Mac.-—
3. By procuring the most rare and vnt-1 Mr. Armstrong’s bill provide* first then he the ap-
uablc kinds of seeds, plants, shrubs and pnintment by tlie Legislature of a saperiBtrmlcnt of
I rces. I Education to visit ano'.ially the difiereut counties of
4. By the establishment of Lectures,! the State and examine into this disbataomenL A
Discussions, Exhibitions, and other means : further duty imr.osed upon this officer, is to compilo
for the general circulation of knowledge
on the subjects embraced by (lie Club.
5. By planting shade trees on nil tire
avenues and public squares of the town.
Art. III. The officers of the Club sluill
consist of a President,three Vice-presidents.
a Corresponding Secretary, a Kecordir.jr system m»y~be fully before the public mind before
Secretary, a Treasurer, a Librarian,a Slr,n'i. any legisUtii* action is had upon it; and tbe su-
from the systr mm now in use by other communities,
one that shall oe adapted to out Institutions, and re
port the si.na to the next session of tbe Legislature.
He r* fr^ther directed to lecture upon the system
compiled at each county town, to the people of tho
State, during the ratess of tbe legislature, that the
periuteudent of Education is further required to
make the necessary ewminatian for dividing the
counties into regular school districts. AH this is as
it should he, and shows that Mr. Armstrong moves
upon his subject with perfect confidence as to tho
strength of his position. The people should bo
ing Commit tec of three persons each on
Agriculture, Horticulture, end Flori.cr.’tturc,
and a Board of Directors to be com’jooed of
the President, Vice-Presidents, u'jdChair-
men of the three Standing ’Committees.
Which Board shall have tb, e charge and
f cneml management of the property and undo to understand tho plan of Education upon
lisiness of the Clulx Si'joject nowover to theirnnim•*» to Jamimi- tor tWrinuL
the order afid dire<ujr rfl «({ erc of ’
A» T -iy. AB tb. e officers shall be cho-
sen by ballot s.t,' (bo annual meeting of the
Club, which rj na |i fo hotden on the first
Wednesday jn August in each year, at
such tttvae and plaoo as the Directors shall
order.
_.-»rt. V. A1I special meetings of the
'-’IMb shall bo called by the Recording Sec-
'““•."r.etery, on the requisition of a majority of
P'-o»| the Directors, or of any five members, made
which their children are to depend, for their intel
lectual advancement.
Another important comiderqtion is, that the sal
ary of the officer, is the only item of expenso that wo
are called upon to incur blindly upon a subject, on
which hinvdredf of thousand buvo bc^p
..... . —
Injuries may bo atoned for and forglvOD,
but insults admit of no compensation; they
degrade the mind in its own epteetr
force it torecovciittlevel by revenge.