Newspaper Page Text
venerable tolttoty r»-
man, will
eptehNi a rapid afc«ichoftKa chief iuci.
i of hit eteolfiM and (ioriuua life. Wa ibero-
kn Invito tka auaation of our readera to tha fol.
«9din*
MINOtft Of ANDREW J ACE WIN.
Aadraw Jaokaon waa born of iriah parent*, on
Jte Jftlb March, 1797, at ilia Waxaaw settlement,
aboil forty mllaa above Cam Jon, in tbit State.—
HU ihlhcrdied aiionly after hia birth, leaving him,
arttb hi* two brother*, Hugh un J Robert, born in
Ireland, to the cure of a widowed mother. Being
Intended f
.To ihedUteoamnr* of Britlih and In.
dian mashinationa apdnat oar aafrty, through
8paniah Imbecility anfdonnlvapoe,
The approaoh of th^ Britiflit flushed with' their
•uecaea at WmMngioii, tuWaVth New Orleana, next
aummnoud the heroic lackaee to a new and yet
more illuatrioua field of wfVic.e and glory ; und
the celebrated uight attack, on the British, of the
23J December^ 1814, with the crowning defence
and victory of the 9th January, 181ft, aoliioved in
the midei of a mutinous city, a disaffected Ingisla-
lature and hoatile judiciary, with raw militia, en
trenched behind a rampart of cotton.bales, over the
elite of the British army, the invincible* ol Welling
ton, justly earned him n place among the first mil
... _ itarycoininundersofilionge.andatiiletoilieuii-
for the ministry, by his surviving parent, . dying gratitude of hi* counlry. in 1817, lie whs
•• wme placed at e flourishing academy, in the I again in armor at the call or his country, and his
Watnew Meeting Houee, under the superintend . signal chastisement of the Seminole* won him new
iuurele iu the difficult field of Indian warfare, which
I of a Mr. Humphries; and waa there pursu
its hia studies when the revolutionary war extend,
•dike ravages to that section of the State. En*
SeSraged by hie mother, he, at ilia tender age of
ii year*, along with hia brother Robert, ontered
tha American camp and engaged in the patriot ser-
view Hi soldeal brother hud previously joined the
American forces, and perished at the battle of Sto-
no, from excessive beet end fatigue. Andrew and
Robert wore both taken prisoners at the Wuxsaw
Moating House, bv Coffin's dragoons. It wus on
this occasion that the future hero of Orleans mani
fested his high mettle in boldly refusing ihe insolent
requisition of a British officer lo clean his muddied
boots, and narrowly escaped death, by parrying
with hi* left hand, on winch he received a severo
wound, the sword-cut aimed at his life. Hia broth
er, el the same time, wa* visited, for a like in
stance of manliness, with a deep wound in the
bead, which ultimately caused his death—not, how.
aver, before both of them hud been imprisoned
and treated with great severity. Their exchange
waa effected by the intercessions and exertions of
their mother and of Capt. Walker of the Militia ;
and Robert expired, shortly after his liberation, of
•n inflammation of the brain, arising from bis un
dressed wound. A few weeks after, their mother
died, worn down by grief and suffering. near tha
lines of the enemy, in the vicinity of Charleston ;
and Andrew himself was ullucked with the small
pox.which. wiih nrevious sickness und sorrow, near-
ly terminated bis existence.
Recovering from his afflictions, and the war end.
*d, he imprudently wasted his patrimonial compc.
loucy; and then manfully resinned and completed
hie studies and education, under Mr. McCulloch, in
tha New Acquisition, neat Hill’s iron works. Ho,
however, sutistituted the bar for the pulpit, and, in
the winter of 1784. when about 18 years of ugn,
Commenced the study of law, at Salisbury, North
Caroline, under Spruce McCay, E-q., (afterwards
Judge)and subsequently under Col. John Stokes.
In tha winter of 1788, he obtained a license to prac
tice law. and continued in North Carolina until the
spring of 1788.
The epirit ofadventure next tempted him lo the
western wilds, and ho accompanied Judge M’Nai-
ry, 10 Tennessee, un an experimental visit, sinid
some time near the Hulslon, and, In October, 1788,
arrived at Nashville, where he settled, and his in.
duslry and attention soon procured him a profitable
practice, and the office of Attorney General ot the
district, which he filled for several years.
About this period he commenced bis military
career, distinguishing himself by his gallantry iit
repelling and uliustising Indian incursions on the
western frontier. In 1796, he wus chosen a mem
her of the Tennessee Convention to establish a
constitution for the State, preliminary to Iter admis
eion into the Union; und the following yenr ho was
elected a member of the U. S. Senate. Major Gen.
aral Conway, dying about this time, Andrew Jack,
eoa, without being consulted, was elected by the
field officers lo succeed in the command of tlie Mil.
itarv Division of Tennessee ; and he continued to
hold the appointment until 1814, when ho was con
stituted a Mnjor General in the service of the Unit,
•d Slate*. He resigned his seat in the U. S. Sett,
ate In 1796, lo make room for Gen. Smith, whom
ho modestly thought more competent to serve the
SdUniry than himself ; and was immediately made
a Judge of the Supreme Court of the State—hut,
accepting the office with reluctance, he soon yield,
ed it to those whom he deemed belter qualified for
its complex und important duties ; and, with a
view of spending the rest of his days in tranquility
and relireme it, he settled on an elegant farm, 10
mile* from Nashville, on the Cumberland river.
The war of 1812 disappointed his design of ru
ral repose, and called him once more not only into
active lift-, hut to n career of glory. Responding
to the call of the government for volunteers, under
the acts of Congress of February and July, 1812.
he addressed the citizens of Ins division, and 2500
patriotic Tennesseean* at once flocked to h : * stand
ard. On the 7tll January, 1813, tie descended the
Ohio and Mississippi, through cold and ice, and
helled at Natchez, und there took the responsibil
ity, in consequence of the number of sick and the
distance of his gallant volunteers from their homes,
of disobeying the order of the Secretary of War
to disband bis troops, at any place short of their
original rendezvous ; and ultimately received tits
approbation of the government, with payment of
his expenses. The next appeal to hi* patriot and
warrior spirit grew out of the hostilities of the
Creek Indians, inhabiting the country lying be.
tween the Chutlahoochoe and Tumbigbee, and ex
tending from the Tennessee River to the Florida
lice. Instigated by the acts of the northern Shaw,
as* prophet and his brother Tecumselt sent by him
as a missionary to the southern tribes, they broke
out into* phrenzied rago against '.lie neighboring
whites; and murders and incursions followed in
quick succession, ending to the destruction and
massacre of Fort Mimms,in the Tensaw settlement
of the Mississippi Territory. The legislaturo of
Tennessee imindiately authorized the State Execu
tive to call3500 militia into the field to be march
ed against the Indians, and voted 8300.000 for
their support. In answer lo the call of the Gover
nor. Gen. Jackson (having counselled the prelimi
nary measure*) forthwith summoned 2000 of his
militia an1 volunteers (besides 500 cavalry and ad
ditional mounted riflemen despatched ulteud, under
the gallant Coffee) to rendezvous at Fayetteville,
for the defence and protection of the ravaged fron
tier.
On the 4th October. 1813, the rendezvous took
place, and Gen. Jackson (not having quito recov
ered from a wound) tent a spirit-stirring address
to his troops, which was read hy his aid de camp.
Major Reid, nnd animated them lo do battle for hu
manity against the tomahawk and scnlping knife -
On the 7>h, lie joined his comp, and on the 10th the
linn of rnsrclt wee taken up for the Indian country.
Than followed that succession of perilous uchieve-
manls and glorious victories, prosecuted and won
too amid intrigue, disaffection and mutiny, which
reeeftedft bleeding frontier from the horrors of In
dian butchery—and the well.fought fields of Tat-
luenulehae. Talladega, Emuckfaw, Enolichopeo,
with the brilliant denouement of the Tohopeka or
thn Horen Shoe, on the 27lh March, 1814, crowned
.has so often proved tile grave of military reputa
tion. Ili-t wars ended, hi* services to the common,
wealth were still continued, and as first Governor
ol Florida, after the cession of that Territory to
the Union, Ids energetic character and agency were
again successfully employed in protecting the in
terest of bis counlry against Spanish machinations
—seeking lo despoil us of 3ome of the legitimate
fruits of tlto treaty of cession. Resigning this
trust, when it censed to be on object of national
importance, he returned to hi* own State nnd was
again honored by Iter with a seat in tite Senate of
tlto Union.
In the canvass for the Presidency of 1824.5, the
people (the stack of revolutionary candidates hav
ing been exhausted in Mr. Monroe) spontaneously
turned iltnir eyes on tile illustrious line of revolu
lionary Presidents, and over such patriots and
statesmen, as Adams, Crawford and Clay, lie re.
ceived, without any agency or movement on hi*
part, a plurality of tho votes of the electoral colleg
es. Tno House of Representetives, however re.
fused to ratify the popular choice, and awarded the
chief magistracy to the sage of the Cabinet in pie-
i'eronce to the liaroofllte battle.held. In the next
canvass, that of 1828 9, he wus borne into Ihe
Presidency, over the incumbent, on a tide of popu
lar enthusiasm, und was re-electod fur the ensuing
term, with scarce a show of opposition His long
administration extended over a period of severe
trial to the institution of the country and the dura
bility of the Union. In the midst of peace a fear
ful struggle arose between the General Govern
ment and one of its members, which shook the pil
lars of the Union to their base. The hero of New-
Orleans was the very man for the times—raised
up by Providence for the crisis—with his patriotism
und invincible resolution at the helm, the bark of
state soon righted, the Constitution was saved from
ship-wreck and the Union preserved. Never, to t,
were the foreign relations of the republic more ably
and successfully administered—honorable peace
was preserved with all the world ; foreign nutiuns
generally wero induced, and populous und power
lui Franco in particular was constrained lo do us
long delayed justice—und young America com
manded the respect and admiration of the world.
Signalized, also, was Gen. Jackson’s administra
tion for the entire payment of the nutional debt—
the debt both of the revolution and of tlie war of
which lie wns the hero—and for a wide spread
prosperity, pervading the whole expanse of the re
public.
'1 bat Gen. Jackson committed some very seri
ous error* of policy—’hat he tampered unwisely
with the currency, and in an evil hour destroyed
the most perfect instrument of finance, currency
und exchange that the world ever saw, and thus
sewed broad cast the seeds of mischief, which ulti
mately produced or aggravated the commercial
revulsion under which our country not long since
reeled and suffered—that lie often forgot the pat
riot in the partisan—gave a fearful preponderance
to the democratic principle ifiour complicated and
nicely adjusted scheme of civil policy-abused the
veto power So as improperly to defeat and control
'legislative action, und, by its means and the practi
cal assertion ofthe principle that the Presidum is the
immediate representative and embodiment of the
popular will, gave undue extension to executive
power, involving tite usurpation of legislative nnd
even judicial authority—and unfortunately inclined
too much to the practice of rendering public offices
the spoils of political victory and the reward of par-
persona, from • misapprehension, rid dodbt, of hi*
motive* orconduot, attempting to lyoiinect hi* op
eration* with uqlitio* | and wild ilfcput* to him in.
Alienee* of which we era sure hole exempt. We
•re sorrj tu see tlmtlio he* joined leeue end open,
eda discussion with them. That he is a Whig
is sin enough to be sure, but thul lie has allowed
his whig partisans to control hi* official conduct, we
have no reason to believe. It we ere not misiu.
formed some uf his whig friends Itsve exceedingly
hard bargains."
FROM MEXICO AND TEXAS.
Mexico.—Yesterday’s New Orleans mail brought
us some interesting intelligence from Mexico and
Texas.
The brig Titi bod arrived at New Orleans from
Havana, bringing date* lo 1 Ills inst, giving infer*
inmion of the arrival at Havana of Geitls. Santa
Anna and Bitstamente. The Mexican steamer
Nepluna, at this port, furnished us with this news
soniti days since, but we find some additional par
ticulars given, which wu proceed to lay before our
readers.
The following is the act of amnesty under which
Gen. Santa Anna had permission lo leave Mexico.
Art. 1. Amnesty is accorded to ull persons ac
cused of political offences before the publication of
this law, with certui i restrictions and exceptions.
Art. 2. Those who tuke the benefit of the um-
nosty will preserve their grades civil and military-
hut they sltull not exercise any power, nor discharge
any functions conferred upon them in consequence
of the national movement, 6th Dec., 1844-
Art. 3. Gen. Santa Anna is excepted from the
bcnefll of this amnesty, unless ito shall embark, in
compliance with his own request, within the delay
fixed by the government and quit the territory of
the republic, according to his abdication of the
presidency.
Art. 4. Gen. Cunolizo and tlto ex-minister Bas-
sudre are also excepted in this amnesty, unless
they shall within three days from the publication of
this law, apply to the tribunal charged lo try them,
and engage tu absent themselves from the republic
for ten yeurs. \
Art. 5. The preceding articles apply nlso to tho
ex-ministers Crescendo Rejon, Manual Barenda,
and Antonio de Haro Flainiriz; and if uny uf them
have fled, the government will point out the place
where they shall reside.
Art. 6. To enclt of the persons mentioned in
the three preceding articles, the republic will grunt
a pension equal to one half their pay in their em
ploy belorc tite 29lh Nov. 1844. Any one of them
shall be deprived uf bis pension who may quit the
place of residence pointed out by the government,
and if he shall return to the soil uf the republic, be
shall be liable to the penalties of tlie laws.
Art. 7- Tite foregoing six articles shall not dis
solve pecuniary engagements with nations or in
dividuals. Consequently, before they quit tile re*
public, Generals Mania Anna and Cauulizound tite
four ex-ministers who signed the decree November
29th, 1844, shall establish their claims und satisfy
those which may be brought against them.
The Diario de la Marina, says that tlto public
journals say nothing of the Texas question. Tho
robbery of Mr. Shannon is confirmed, and it is fur.
titer staled that lie was maltreated bythe highway,
men.
The Mexican Congress is busily engaged in a
modification of the tariff laws.
General D- Jose Juan Landero lias been »p.
pointed Guveruor of the fortress of Man Juan do
Uluti-
Private correspondence of the Diario de la Marina,
•Tile two propositions of Menor Cuevas: First—
To give the Government power to settle the for
eign debt of the Republic; second—To make a
treaty with Texas, have both been approved. It
is stated thul the propositions offered by Texas
are:—Tne recognition of Iter independence; an in
demnity of twenty millions of dollars, five millions
in cash, and the balance in bonds, the settlement of
the boundary; a pledge lo refuse annexation, with
ihe guarantee of France and England. ‘1 cannot
vouch for this,” says the writer, "but I am cut .sin
that well informed persons wno are in daily com
munication w iiii the President and his minister de-
clnre there will lie no war, and this is corroborated
by tite fact that thus far no preparation for hostili
ties itavo been made.
Sar.la Anna received his passport with every up
ty subserviency—wo honestly believe. But we penranco of content. Canalizo, on the contrary,
give him full credit for a patriot hear', and freely ad
init that, panoplied as he was with partiotdeeds, it
is easier and more grateful lo hung garlands on hi*
tnmb, than to chronicle his errors or cast censure on
his acts. Doubt less his very honesty of purpose.com.
bitted with hi-strong and indomitable will, contrib
uted largely to those impulses und arbitrary meas
ures, often justified bv the emergency, (us instanc
ed in the seizure of Pensacola, the declaration of
mnrliul law at New Orleans, and the like.) which
drew down on him, from political foes, a Iturshness
and bitterness of censure, with which we could nev
er sympathize. He was undoubtedly a great Gen
eral and a great mun ; equally able to impress his '
spirit on his countrymen in pence us on lus army
in witr ; and be wjll live in history identified with
the military and civil glory of bis country.
Retiring from tlto Presidency, at tho close of his
second term, with a popularity only equalled by
that of Washington, lie embosomed himself in bis
favorite Hermituge; and, retaining to tho Inst a per
haps too lively interest in l lie political alfuirs of his
country, and having lived to see two of his
checrisiiud friends, both of his own political creed,
his successors in the Chief Magistracy, lie expired,
on the 8th instant, in she 79th year of his age. full
of honors, calmly expecting and awaiting death,
and submissively nnd hopefully yielding bis spirit
to the God who gnvo it.
Peace to his ashes—honor to his memory ! May
the good, which lie has done, live after him, Let
tite evil be interred with his bones.
THE STATE ENGINEER.
In these time*, when it is so rare to see any mer.
it awarded by politicians to a political oppone t, i-
is refreshing tu meet with a paragraph in which
the writer rises superior lo the trammels of party
and metes out even handed justice to one wnuse
honest convictions of propriety prompt him to es
pouse different principles. Such instances are
rare, and when they occur they deserve lo be
chronicled, as well fur the compliment conferred
upon their authors, as the subject ofthe remarks.
Of such a character i* the annexed paragraph,
which we clip from an editorial in the Cherokee
Advocate, upon the subject of the State Ruud, in
which the editor, ns will be seen, vindicates the
character und motives of the chief engineer, C. F.
M. Garnett, against the aspersions of those who
have endeavored to traduce him before (lie public.
The Advocate is a decided but courteous organ of
it* party, und this testimony in behalf of a faithful
Whig officer, cannot fail lo impress the public most
favorably in reference lo tile discharge of his du
ties, as an officer of the Slate. Thus sustained
and vindicated, the recent blow aimed at Mr. Gar-
i nett.and through him at Governor Crawford, by
ilw iiliwlriou* Jackson, the intrepid Coffee, and ' a writer iu lb- Federal Union, who styles himself
their gallant associates in arm*, with unfading lau.
rele, not only at victor* in battle, but us warriors
to the cause ofhmiianity, and saviours of helpless
women end children from Indian barbarity and
slaughter.
As the just reward of such incessant toil and am-
inent service, nfter eight months’ repose, the victo.
rieua Jackson, in May 1814, was first apppoiuled
Brigadier and brevet Major General, on tne occa-
Mott of Gen, Hampton’s resignation, and was short
ly after commissioned Major General of the Army
utthe United States, on the resignation of Gen.
fterrieon, a warrior see roe I y less distinguished than
Wmeelf, against both Indians and the British, on
the northern frontier, end destined like him to re*
•etoe the highest token of our nation's gratitude,—
Thee (allowed lift important lour of eervtco on the
Democratmust recnil upon the uulhor, nnd
oxposo him to Hie public gaze as incupuble ol doing
justice to n political opponent.
The editor, after noticing the rapid progress of
the work, nnd the beneficial influences which, when
completed, it will exurcise upon the industry of
North Western Georgia, says :
‘•The work may now be carri-d on, we venture
to predict, without culling for another dollar from
the public Treasury. K it cannot, the prediction-
of its adversaries will be fulfilled. All mat is tie.
cessury will be economical management, u kind of
management seldom known when the public ere
concerned. Our Townsmen, Ihe Chief Engineer,
is carrying on Ihe work with much efficiency nnn
has obtained coni reels at very low rales from bom
Democrats end Whig*—end, by thu way, we wiU
Florida frontier. Involving the temporary eeizure hero remark, that we regret to find thnt there hre
is said to have declared that he preferred death to
perishing of famine among foreigners.
Commerce was very dull. Robbers swarmed
along the public routes, and the mails from Vera
Cruz, Puebla, and ether points in tbe interior, were
daily attacked and rifled. A few days previous,
near Rio Frio, packages of silks, saffron, cinna
mon, and oilier goods, to the amount of $50,600,
were canied off by a band of scoundrels some
lilty in number, wlto ussniled tenor twelve dragoons
il at served as an escort, killed tlto commander and
sergeant, and put the rest to.flight.
The correspondent in question takes un intelli
gent view of the stale of affairs in Mexico. Her
treasury is hare. Iter peoplo discontented and dis.
posed to sedition, und the minister* uuucr the pres
ent government will, in all probability, soon resign
their offices. Their dismissal or resignation is
talked of as a certain event und Gen. Almonte will
doubtless become u prominent member of the new
cabinet. The situation of the government is ex
tremely critical. The populur effervescence which
produced tire revolution of lust November has sub
sided—the people, ignorant sod credulous, who
bud taken part in this movement in the hopes of
bettering tlteircondition, find themselves as badly
off us ever, and ure exasperated against Ihe new
administration. They threaten another revolu
tion und the government is placed, by its weak
ness and their insubordination, in a state of un
remitting anxiety. In the meanwhile, measures
have been adopted for fortifying and defending
those cities, such us Puebla, which are m ot infec
ted by tlto spirit of revolt.
Texas.—The arrival of the steamer Neio York,
at New Orleans, furnishes Texas papers to the
I4ili inst. inclusive.
PrOkidem Jones, (snys the New Orleans Bee) af.
ter months of tortuous duplicity and hypocritical
double dettling, bus boldly thrown off the inask, and
virtually proclaimed his disgraceful overtures lo
Great Brituin and Mexico, und his deudly hostility
to uuiiexatioi).
Tlto Galveston News, extra, of the 11th inst.
gives tire following Proclamation of President
Jones, on which is predicated the npinion above
expressed, and the language of the Proclamation is
such as lo fully warrant ihe conclusion arrived at
by tbe editors of the Bee:
By the President, o) the Republic of Texas.
A PROCLAMATION.
Tbe Executive is now enabled to declare to Ihe
people ol Texas the actual state of their affuirs with
respect lo Mexico, to the end that they may direct
and dispore them us they shall judge best for the
honor and permanent interests of llie Republic.
During the course of the last winter, il reached
the knowledge of the Executive from various
sources of information, unofficial indeed, blit still
worthy of attention nod credit, that the late and
present Government of Mexico were disposed to a
peaceful settlement of the difficulties with Texas
hy tbe ucknow ledgment of oor Independence, upon
the understanding tltnt Texas would maintain Iter
sunaruiu existence. No action,-however, could be
taken upon the subject, becuuse nothing authentic
<vas known until lit - month of March last, when the
Representative* of France end Great Britain near
this Government, jointly and formally renewed the
offer uftiie good office* of those powers with Mex
ico, for the early and peaceful settlement of this
struggle, upon ihe basis of the acknowledgment of
our Independence by that Republic.
It would have been the imperative duty of the
Executive >1 once to rejeot those offers, if they lt*4
been aocompaniftft'by condition, of any kind I
ever. But, with etteolive watchfulness inlhstre-
speot. e»d great disinclination t*enintigHugJhili-
ancee of any description, otfwith a*y poner, h*
must declare, in t» spirit of justice thul no terms or
conditions have ever been proposed by tha two
Governments in question, or cither of litem. “• t‘ IB
consideration ol their friendly inicrj osilion.
Maturely considering the situation of affairs at
hat lime, tlto Executive fell that it was incumbent
upon him not to reject this opportunity of securing
o the people or this counlry. untrainmeled by con*
Jjtions, a peaceful, honorable and advantageous
HO'.tlemenl of their difficulties with Mexico, if they
should see fit to adopt that mode of adjustment.
Thus influenced, he accepted the good officea of
tbe two powers, which, with those ol the United
States bad been previously invoked by Texas, and
pluced in the hands of their Representatives u
statement of conditions preliminary lu a treaty ol
peace, which ho declared lie should be ready to
submit lo tite people of this country fur their de
cision nnd action as soon as lln-y woie adopted by
the Government of Mexico. But lie emphatically
reminded those functionaries for the special notice
of their governments, lliut lie was no more than the
agent of the poopio; that he could neither direct,
control nor influence tlteir decision: und that bis
tuunilun duty waa to curry nut limit- determination,
constitutionally ascertained and expressed, be il
what il might. Our Representative at tite Court*
of France and Great Britain, in addition to the tusk
of strengthening the friendly dispositions of those
Governments, was also especially instructed to
press upon tlmir attention, that, if tlto people of
Texas should determine tu put an end to the sepa
rate existence of tho counlry, the Executive, so far
us depended upon his uiliciul station, must nnd
would give immediate und full tiled tu tlteir will.
The circumstances which preceded und led to
an understanding witii Mexico, luive thus been
stated; und the people speaking through tlteir cho
sen organs, will now determine us they shall judge
right. But in the meantime, until tlteir pleasure
can be lawfully and constitutionaliy ascertained, it
is tbe duly of the Executive to secure to the na
tion tite exercise of choice between the alternatives
uf peace with the world und Independence, or un
nexution and its contingencies, and tie has, there
for-*, tu issue the following proclamation.
Whereas, Authentic proof has recently been laid
before me, lo the effect that the Congress ot
Mexico lias authorized the Government to open
negotiations and conclude u treaty with Texas,
subject to tho examination und approbation ol
thul body, und further that the government of
Mexico Ims accepted the conditions prescribed
on ihe part of Texa* a* preliminary lo a final
and definite treaty of pence.
Therefore, I, ANMON JONES, President ofthe
Republic of Texa-, and Commander in Chief of the
Army and Navy and Militia thereof, do hereby
make known these circumstances lo tbe citizens of
this Republic,till the mine cun be fully communicated
to the Honorable Congress and Convention of the
people, for tlteir lawful action, at the period of tueir
assembling on the 18th June und 4th of July next,
und pending the said action hy virtue uf tite au
thority in nto vested, 1 do hereby declare ttnd pro
claim it cassation of hostilities by land nnd hy sea.
against the Republic of Mexico, or against the citi
zens and trade thereof.
In testimony whereof, I have caused tho Great
Seal of the Republic to be hereunto affixed.
^.1 Done at Washington, this fourtli day of
L. m. > June, in the year of our Lord one thou.
J sand eight hundred and forty-five, and of
tne Independence of the Renublic. the tenth.
' ANMON JONES.
By the President:
Eben’r. Allen, Attnrney General, and
Acting Mecretary of State.
Most of the papers are suid lo be excessively
indignant nl these developments, and even the most
moderate, such as the Houston Telegraph, express
an emphatic belief that the proposal* of Mexico will
he promptly rejected by Congress.
The election returns lor tho Convention were
coming in fast. At Galveston, Col. Love and
Richard Bache were chosen. In Harris, (Hous-
ton) Messrs. Brashear, McGowan and F. Moore
are elected, in Montgomery, Gett’l. Sam Hous
ton, with four others, is chosen.
Cuptain Elliott is to remain at Galveston, to
await the action of Congress on the proposals of the
Mexican Government.
Some specimens of Texas sugar have bren man
ufactured hy Mr. Mercer, a planter on the Colo
rado. Wjthfoir hand* he ha* this year raised
50,060 lb*. Most of it sold nt eight cents a pound.
The crops along the Brazes ure remarkably fine.
The cuttun will be open and lit for picking iu
July.
The New Orleans Picayune mentions the arri
val of Capt. Elliott ui that place, and pusses some
severo strictures on bis recent conduct. Whether
the redoubtable Captain is actually ill New Orleans
or not, is questionable, however, us his wheruabuuts
appears to have been made a matter of mystery for
soirtn lime past.
More Indian Murders.—VVe have learned with
biller regret, that the son of Mr. Hornsby, and Mr.
Atkinson, were murdered hy Indians, near Austin,
on Saturday last. The ludiuns came upon them
while they wero fishing in the river, and killed
them with spears. The body ol Mr. Atkinson wus
found on Monday morning, pierced with seven
wounds.—Houston Telegraph. 111ll inst.
entering
to Ihe can
me upwrlii
be earns bent downwer
I t,* Mr, Wise retreat*
(«' rigiit line, ceuie nay
wryng door, whether into
Die of tile melo* of honor or into the
kitchen, title deponent seith not. After several
beckoning* from the secretary, by a skilful tack he
regained his propor position. After nrriving at
tlto door, all three uguiu stopped and ina I* another
low bow, then backed tiiemsulvesoui of the room.—
Broklin Star.
Wo have received a letter from Rio, which gives
the follow ing sketch of the etiquette ol the Court of
Brazil:
r * * ti Mr, Wise has been presented to the Im
perial Court of Brazil, und is now duly installed ns
Minister Plenipotentiary ofthe United States. One
of the parly gave us a few days since it description
of his reception by the Eirperor and bis Court-
He was accompanied by Mr. Walsh,the Secretary
of legation, ami one ofoor naval officers, all dressed
in full uniform—swords, cocked hats. &c. They
were driven to the palace in u splendid barouche
end four; on arriving at the palace, they w ere bowed
into an unteroorn—soon after which they were con
ducted to the door ofthe reception room, where the
Emperor and surne of his principal officers wore in
wailing to receive them. On euteiing the door
they stopped and made a low bow, then walk- d for
ward lo about tlto centre ol tbe room, stopped, and
made another low bow; they then proceeded to
neur tbe foot ofthe throne, where they stopped und
made another low bow. Mr. Wise then mudu a
speech to the Emperor, a copy of which bad been
previously given the Emperor’s prime minister, in
order that Ilia Majesty, being loo much of a heathen
to understand English—might bn duly informed of
what was about to lie said lo him by the government
ofthe United States, through its new representa
tive.
At the close ofthe speech, Mr. Wise ascended
tbe step* on the platform on widen the throne was
erected, and presented to his Imperial Majesty hi*
credentials, &c. The Emperor then said ‘-star,
bom,’’ (very good) and u few other words, expies-
sing the great satisfaction, &c., which these Iriend-
'y tiss irances un tho part of the U. S. hud afforded
Imn. Our minister and two attendant*, alter nu
mber low bow,ut the fool ofthe throne, commenced
tlteir ret rent. The room was from eighty tonne
hundred feet in length, and tin* distance was tube
traversed backward, us it is wholly contrary lo
court etiquette lo turn one'* back to the Emperor.
Fixing tlteir eye*, therefore, upon the Emperor,
and judging ofthe line uf direction by the lines of
the carpet, they effected tlteir retreat in very goud
order, to the centre of the Mom; there they slopped
and made another low bow to tlto throne. They
then commenced their retreat.
Mr. Welsh, having often travelled that way be
fore, wus so fortunate Be to hit the right door—but
the Miniater was less fortunate. Either there was
ft divergency in live line of the carpet, or a distortion
of the visual reye, which, like thu reye of light on
LATER EUROPEAN NEWS.
The F>r. Steumer Caledonia arrived ut Boston,
brings Liverpool and Loudon advices to the 4th
inst. inclusive.
We have obtained—not, however, through the
attention of the proprietor* or ugenla of these
journals—copies of Charles Willmer’* American
-• New* Letter,’’and Wilrrcr & Smith's'-European
Times” of the latest dales, from whiclt wu have
made such selections us our limits permit.
The intelligence brought by Ibis vessel is not of
much importance. We sltull moke further selec
tions from the paper* when we have more space.
Appended will be found full statement* of I lie
various European markets.
The steamship Great Britain is expected in the
Mersey on the 3J of July, nnd will leuve Liverpool
for New York on tite 2Gtlt. She cannot continue
a* heretofore, to excite great interest in the
Thames. The G. B. is supplied with life beats,
constructed oh a new principle, und capable of
currying four hundred persons.
Naples.—According to a letter from Naples of
tho 71li. iu the Augsburg Gazelle, tho Neapolitan
Government lias signed a treaty uf commerce with
France ttnd England, and the ratifications ure to
be exchanged within tltruu months.
Tite London Times suys :—“Wo understand tliut
the proposed treaty with Brazil has been abandon
ed.’
Il is rumored that the parliamentary session
will close about the middle of July, and that her
Majesty desires that such should be tbe case.
T'lte new treaty between England und France
for the prevention ofthe slave trade on the coast uf
Africa, lias been signed at the Foreign Office.
The European Times says:—Tlte.urrival of thu
Hibernia oil Suturduy, pul at rest the uneasiness
which has prevailed some tiino past relative lo our
relations with America. AH apprehensions of a
hostile collision arising out of the Oregon question
has disnppeured.”
Liverpool, June 3.—Last week the operations in
Cotton were extensive—46,196 bales sold. 5600 on
speculation, 1200 export. Import 20,598 bules.—
Average weekly purchases fur consumption tu 30lh
May, 29.320 bales.
“ The Hibernia, steamer, from Boston, with
dales of 16th May. arrived it. re on Saturday after
Ilnurs of business,giving full assurance of u crop
of two nnd a half millions bales,and lurge receipts.
The effect on Monday’s market wns to bring for
ward large lots ui Cotton, with a demand for only
400 bales—price* became at once irregular, gen-
pi ally down 1-8 a 1 4(1, and iu some isolated case*
even more. Tuis morning 1 have seen a iot of
120 Uplund* af fuir quality, sold nt 3 3 3d. per lb-,
whilst a more general quotation may be 3 7 8 a 4d.
Where the niatkei may settle, i cannot say, but
hnp-t fair Uplands may tint go below 3 7 8 u 4d.
as that quality is not abundant. Sea Islands ure in
good steady request—ord. 9 12 n lid. for cleat)
cnmtnnn ; good staple and cleun, 11 1-2 u 12; fine,
12 a 15 ; stained, 3 a 4 ; very extra,7.
“As all fear of war lias passed away, consols
have udvunccd to 100 14 a 12. Money very
abundant. Trade in Manchester very good.—
Yarns rising in value.
‘•Sales to day 2000 bales, and a very dull mar.
kct.”
‘•Liverpool, June 3.—Subsequent to the depart,
ure of tbe lust steumer, 20ih ull., we bad some in
crease of demand for Colton, chiefly from consu
mer*, and a good extent of busines* was done, bet
us the demand was freely supplied, it did not lend
to uny decided amendment in prices ; nnd in the
last day or two, since the arrival uf the Boston
steumer of 10th ult-, the market lias become voiy
heavy and has declined fully l-8d per lb. This is
attributed to tbe cnniintu d large receipts into the
American ports and the conviction which seemed
generally lo prcvnil in the United Slute* that the
Oregon question wus not likely tn be led to any se.
rioiH difficulty between the t» o coun.ries. On tbe
other band, the accounts of the growing Cotton
crop in the Atluntic Slute* being unesuuliy late tied
injured by drought, have, attracted some attention.
Trade ut Manchester continues encouraging. Tbe
sales uf cotton for the week ended 23d ult. were
37,420 bules, and for the week ended 30tli ult.
they amounted to 40,190 bules, of which about
5500 were taken by speculators in each week. Of
the American description* sold the iHst week,11.000
were Upland at 3 1-4 to 4 7 8; 13,420 Orleans nt
3 1-8 to 6 3 4; 10.320 Alabama und Mobile nt 3
1-4 to 5; and 240 Sen Island at 9 1-4 tu 15 1 2 per
lb. Fur the three business days whic't have since
elHpscd the transactions are estimated to nmount
tn 10,000 bales, no part tn sp- cululors, nnd uf this
only 2001) has been dupe In day. We quote Up
land 3 1 8 In 1 7-8 per lb., lair 4; Mobile 3 18 tn
5 1-8, lair 4 1-4; Orleans 3 1-8 to 9 1 8, fair 4 5 8
and Alabama and Tennessee 3 lo 4 1 4d per lb.—
The import into Liverpool since the first Junuttry
ummmts tn 852.000 bale*, against 566,000 to same
period last season ; from tlto United States tbe
supply ts 740 000, being an increase of 280,000
Tlto stuck in this port is estimated at 9z3,000,
|.| against 717,000 at same period last year; tbe slock
of American is ubuul 690,000, or 190,000 bales
morn limn it then was.’’
•‘Liverpool June 4.—Since onr circular of 17th
ult. our Cotton market lias been alternately dull and
steady, according to the demand which existed.—
Tho result has been sales tou considerable extent,
in many cases at full rates, but iu others at prices
rather iu favor of the buyer, especially in low
qualities,- and since tlto arrival of the Hibernia on
the 31st ull. we muy quote u pretty genera! decline
of 1 8J per lb. The sale* were us follows :
Speculations. Export.
1 Slli to 23d Mav, 37,420 B. 5000 1000
23d to 30tli Mav, 40,190 5000 1200
31*1 May lo 3d ju. 11,000 1000 500
“Import* since 17lh ull. 110,661 bales,of which
107.711 Amerieun. Stock this day, 978 291 bales
of winch 090,754 American. We quote as fol
lows :
Orleans. Mobile. Upland.
Fair, 4Ju4f 4J 44
Middling lo middling f.3} a 4| 3J a 4j 8* • 4
Ord. to good old. 31 u 3j 3J u 3j 3j a 3J
Inferior, 3
“Trade continues good, but many of our spin,
nets are now well stocked, und as the arrivals for
some time to come ure likely to be Iteuvv und po
litical limiters appear less threatening tlmn before,
we cncnul at present anticipate uny advance in uur
prices.
Sugar.—A few sales of U. Stules have taken
place ut 52s. 3 a 58*. 3, duly paid, for good and
fine yellow ; duty 23s. 4d.”
“Havre, June 2.—There is n regulnr demand for
Cot'ou at steady pi ices. We quu'e Uplands : Ims
at f. 53; tres orilln. 57; nrdin. 02; bon ordiu. 66;
petit cuurant 69; courunt f. 71. The mouth open,
ed with a stocit of 80.000 bales of ull sorts, and
about 25,000 hale* expected to arrive in nil tins
month, which, at the period of the season, is very
moderate; and, were it not for the difficult sale of
produce, a further advance on the raw material
would seem very probable, but, under present cir
cumstances, il cun hardly be cx|>ectod.’’
Mi'LTiu* in Pasvo.—An ingenious invention ia no
ticed in tha Netv York paper*. It embodies, m the
term of an evsr.poml pencil case, an accurate (x'-anre
for lh* ft. 10 and 20 cents rate* of postage, under the
new law, thsj, 1-2,1 1-2 and 2ounce weights, a pen
holder, avar-poiut pencil, toothpick, half aoveraign
gauge, * seal and magazine for lead*,and several other
appendage*.
NA*Hvn.L*,Teon.,0|| 1 W lee.
Dear Sir; It f* probable, before tbia leti^',,
have reached you, you wiilbaya beard ot'thedLis ,
our Vfusiabi* friend. G-neral Andrew J»*k«!. j*
departed this life on yesterday ahomoon, nteT^r,
six o’clock. Knowing that you have been 1,-fi 1,;/“
per*, and being wall assurrd tint you have*!*,..,
ken a lively mtvreei m Him while living, and
you would bu pleased to know soimnhmrr a r L-T**
momenta in life, I have th.ught proper to n,,iT , Ut
this communication, as I saw much of him duriag^hll
last illness,and was present at hia death. I |,» V .TZ*
frequent iy in his finmly, a* physician, for several
past; and on my return home from the east, in Am 11
visited him in.company with his particular friend ft,
Robert Armstrong. VVe found him very treble
mg under a dropsical affection—particularly Hiit f
of dropsy known as anasarcha. He inlorm.-d
had suflered much liodity pam, in consequence „■ .J*
peat effusion or aivol en condition of his extrema'
riiocough winch had liarrassed him so much lor *./*'
had nenily or quite left him, but Ins difficulty ,,f bLj!’
ing appeared lo ho increased. I prescribed (or him
and visited Imn occasionally. The remedies ana,.,-d
ai first lo afford him considerable relief, ss it 2
his d-opeical condition; hut his system had lieentoaii
demanded hy previous disease, that medicine aoneiw*
to have lost Us impression or effect —The drop»L|If
tu.-ion relumed, and I w a* requested lo visit
1st of this instant, and found him suffering excessive!
Iretn the dimensioned occasioned bv the m cuaiu'aiumoi
water. 1 immediately Upped him, and drew off a
considerable quantity of water, which afforded him ,»
mediate relief. He took an anodyne at night an*a[
formed me, the next morning, that he had passed« h«
ter night than he had done tor the last six months-
Drs. Robertson and Waters were in consultation „
the next morning. VVe agreed on a prescription, which
was administered and which gave him temporary i»
lief. This was all we could expect to obtain, oon*id'
ering his situation. I was sent for again on Saturday
the 7th inst. Tho messenger informed me that the
general was much worse. 1 hastened to tha Hermi
tage, and found him very much exhausted. Ho had
great difficulty in respiration, iu consequence of n ae.
cumulation of water in his chest. He requeued 1
should remain with him, as lie was well aware that hi!
dissolution was near at hand. I; un anodyne and
expectorant, and appeared to pas.- -he first part of ih,
night tolerably comfortable. He had not been able to
lie down for the last six months. He had to be propped
up in la s bed at night, and in his arm chair duringtb«
day. On Sunday morning, the 8lh inst., (the day ou
which lie died ) on entering hia room, I found him lit.
tmg in his arm-chair, with hi* two faithful servant!
George and Dick, hy his side, who had just renuived
him from his bed. I immediately perceived that ihe
baud of death was upon him. 1 informed Ins son ihat
be could not survive hut a lew hours, and he immedi
ately despatched a servant for Alajor William B. Lvvria,
the general's devoted friend. Mr. Jackson informed
me lliat it was the general's request ■ liat, in can- ha
grew worse, or was thought to be near Ins death Mij.
Lewis should lie sent for, as lie wished him tn be near
bun iu Ins last moment*. He was instantly removed
to his bed; but, before he could be placed there, he had
swooned away. Hia family and servants, believing
him 10 bo dead, were very much alarmed, and maim
tested the most intense grief; however, ina few as
cends reaction took place, and he became coiocmlii|
and raised In* eyes, and said: “ My dear children, do
not gro ve lor nte; u a true, I am going to leave you;
I am well aware ol my situation; Fhave suffi r. tl mutk
bodily pain, hut my sufferings are but as nutlung, run,
pared with that which our blessed Saviour endured tip.
on that accursed cross, 1 hut we might all be saved vrlin
put their trust in him.” He first addressed Mrs. Jark-
son, (his daughter-in-law,) and took leave of hw, n,
minding her ol her tender kindness manifested toivardi
him at ail times, and especially during his protracted
illness. He next took leave ol Mrs. Adams (a widow,
ed sister of Mrs. Jackson, who has been a member of
the genpral’s family for several years) in the mnslkiod
and affectiennto manner, reminding her also of her ten-
der devotion towards him during Ins illness. He next
took leave of Ins adopted sou iu the most affect.oi.aie
and devoted manner. He nrxl look leave of his grand
children, and thu children ol Airs. Adams. He kirsed
and blessed them in a manner so touchingly impressive,
that I have no language that can do this scene justice,
He discovered that there were two uf the buys absent
—one of his grandsons nnd one of Mre. Adam's. He
inquired for them. He was informed that they were at
the chapel, attending Sunday school. He dcsmdtlial
they should bo sent for. As soon as they raine lie kit
ed and biesl then) also, as he bail done lo ilmso with
hint. By tins ,time most of bis sertant* had collect
ed in ins room; nr at the windows. When he bad ta
ken leave of them all, he delivered one ofthe most im
pressive lectures on the subject of religion that I lava
ever heard. He spoke for near an half hour, and appa
rent ly with tho power of inspiration: for he epnkowilb
calmness, with strength, and, indeed with animation,
I regret excprdingly, my dear sir that there was tin on*
present who couid have noted down his precise wordt.
They might h ive been read with profit, and would
have been fondly cherished as a precious gem by ill
the good and great ol the land.
In conclusion, he - aid: “My dear children, and
friends and servants, I bone and trust to meet you all
in heaven, both white and black.” The last sennnes
lie repeated-.“both wh le and black,” looking at thum
with the tenderest solicitude. With these words, bl
ceased to speak, but fixed Ins eyes on his granddaughter
Rachael Jackson, (who bears the name ol his own be
loved wife,) for several seconds. What was pasting
through his mind at that moment, I will not pretend to
say. but it did appear to me that he was invoking ihs
blessings of Heaven to rest upon her. Tne ieciiir*
to hie lanuly was awfully sublime. 11 is implicit* be
lief in the Christian religion, and in the plan of talvi-.
rinn, as revealed in the Billie—his great anxiety tbit
■ lacy shoo d believe in religion, as taught by tfc w>ly
Scriptures : and that, in so doing, they would iiieuW
1 heir eternal salvation, and join him in heaven ;—*uch
sentiments, from such a man, at such a tune, ir*
enough lo put to flight all scepticism on the subject of
religion.
Alajor Lewis arrived about two o'clock. Tlto Gener
al appeared lu know him, when he spoke to him. A* I
before stated, the General had to be propped up in Ini
hod ; and Alujor Lewis supported Ins head until l>*
breathed his last ; which was precisely at six o’clock,
P. AJ. Thus died the greatest and best man of til* age,
or perhaps, of any age.
I am, with great regard, your friend and obediet*
servant,
JN’O. N. ESSELMAN.
Francis P. Blair, Esq.
Tbe Worcester, Mass. .-Egis says there is a pair °f
cat birds, that for six or seven years have made il*t
nest and reared families in the grovs around Antiquarian
Hall. The young ones go elsew here lo seek their for-
turn s, but the parents return regularly with the Sprir-g-
They have grown quite independent and familiar, I- 1
on airs in the presence of other birds,and seen-1",< r
aider themselves as belonging lo Ihe premises—or - 1 ■
er Ihe premises as belonging to them. They are kwj .
of taking Ihetr station on the steps, where they KM*
wide, droop their wings and spread their tails hkatH
skirts of an old fashion coat, and look, tor all ‘k*
world, as if they had their baud* in their pockeia MA
were ju»l about lo whistle. They have decidedly*
black letter aspect, and may, for aught wo kirnW) in*
former sta'e of existence, have been the author* »
some of the dusky folios that repose upon the »b»l*JJ
of tho Library. A Yellow bird lately commenced w
nest oil a lilac bush that grow* in an angle 01 tb° btm*j
ing, and a lad amused himself with hanging thread MS'
yarn en ihe branches lor the use of I he feathered art**'
lect. The cat birds nolic- d this atleu-.ion 10 a »tr«n|W
and not only confiscated thu proffered material bull**.
lualiy tore tho nesi nt tho intruder to pieces, -
Newspaper —A newspaper, *»ys a conlempof** 1
ry, i* in u funnily worth leu dollars a year, b**®
the most barren puper bring* something t>**t*T*
Children read or heur the content*, gain iniftl**■
genceof the nlluir* of llic world und acquire
lol knowledge nt mole import* ce to them tlixa**
present of twenty ncre* ol lund. Parent* ore
generally aware of the vast importance of n**Z-
paper* ina family of chiIJrcn. We have
the remurk before, and we repeal it, that
families of children «:quu I ly smart end going
same srltooi—let one of them he** the free
newspapers, nnd it would excite »«loni*!iflM
to mark tho difference between them. Pull *
half,and au important half ofeducntion.ee if ,
the business of the world end the ability w n*e
make one’s seif rcspecteble ia it, ie derived ft***
newspapers. Wbul parent would not "'•*"**
children respectably ? Who would be wi|ll |, ( .
see hi* neighbor’* chihlteo more iowlligeolj
hi* own 7 Yet how irifltng •• ibft *««n«
It i* even ia theee hard «•««•• eb*oiet*iy
ible in * mount except in ite beneficial 0—
ce*, to him who bee peid hie enbeoriptioe rft$»l* , w*