Newspaper Page Text
Monday, March 26, 1821.
BY MYRON BARTLET.
Volume 1 JVo. 22.
"^Xhe Telegraph is published weekly
lt Macon, Ga.—Office on Cherry Street, near
ic Public Square.
TERMS.
IS ADVANCE.
irr All applications for Subscription must be ac-
orananicd with tbe money, or the paper will in no
'be sent.
dec.
sulphate of quinine.
UST received and forsaleb^ & COLLINS.
12.
STONE &■ COIT,
0 Hare just received, by Boat Nancy,
Barrels best Rye Gin
20 do AppleBrandy
-in do Si. Croix Sugar
$ do Canal Flour
4 tlercs Rice
6000 lbs. Castings
2000 do Grindstones—For sale low for cash or
r 0 ttT 1 February 27 19
FLUKER & COLLINS
fAVE removed their DRUG STORE to one of
J the tenements in McDonald’s building, on Mul-
tv street, where they will keep constantly on hand,
A General Assortment of
DRUGS, MEDICINES, PAINTS,
burgeons’ Instruments, Glass Ware, Dye Stuffs, &c.
” k ah of which will be sold on accommodating
10—jan ’’
EWE
DR. BUCHANAN
AS located himself in Macon; where he may
be found as a PRACTITIONER of MEDI-
jan 31 14
MACON CLOTHING STORE.
L. FITCH if CO.
MERCHANT TAILORS,
’ EF.P constantly for sale, at their store on Mul
berry street,
A General Assortment
DRY GOODS
AND
READY MADE CLOTHING;
jrhich will be sold as low as can be bought in Savan-
j or Augusta; and they solicit the patronage of their
mcr friends and customers and the public at large.
TAILORING
Tied on as usual. Having the latest New York
frashionsand Workmen, Customers may depend on
laving their work done in the best manner and most
‘’notable style, with neatness and despatch.
We return our thanks for past favors, and solicit tbe
Hironaee of the public for the future.
N. B. On hand, 200 pieces of PAPER HANGINGS
tf different patterns, which will be sold low.
17 Old debts mutt be paid. December 5
STONE if COIT
HAVE just received, from Boston aud
New York, and are now opening,
A LARGE ASSORMENT
or
SEASONABLE GOODS,
AMONO WHICH, ARE THE FOLLOWING!
Super Broadcloths and Cassimerep
Blue, black and mixed Satinctts
Blue, mixed and white Plains
Olive Fustians
Duffle and point Blankets
Red and white Flannels
Plaid and camblet Cloaks
Brown and bleached Shirtings
Domestic Plaids and Checks
good assortment of Calicoes and Bombazets
Cambric, checked, Jaconet and book Muslins
Mull, figured and sprigged Muslins
Coarse and fine Cambrics
Brown and colored Cambrics
Imitation and buff Cravats
Silk and cotton Handkerchiefs
Fancy grean Scarfs and Shawls
Gros de Naples and pink green Handkerchiefs
Black Sarsnet, and Levantine Silks
White and green Florence Silks
Cassimere and worsted Shawls
Striped Batiste, and Angola Tippets
Canton and Italian Crupes
Figured and Nankin Crapes
Russian and Scotch Diaper
Ladies’ kid Gloves
Ladies’ black borseskin Gloves
Gentlemen’s beaver and horseskin Gloves
Leghorn and straw Bonnets
Cotton and worsted Hosiery
Tuck and flounce Robes
English Ginghams, Ribbands
Ready-made Vests,
Shell and horn Combs
Fashionable beaver Hats
Fashionable roram Hats
Black and drab wool Hats
Gentlemen’s common and fine Shoes
Ladies’ Morocco and pruncilc Shoes
Boys, misses and children’s Shoes
Nails, Salt, Castings, and cotton Bagging
Cutlery, Crockery, and Glass Ware
They will also receive, by the first Boats, a large
assortment of GROCERIES—all of which will be
sold for cash only.
WANTED
Five hundred bales of COTTON, for which casli
will be paid. nov 7
GARDEN SEED.
THIRTY-FIVE BOXES
OF
SHAKERS' GARDEN SEED,
JUST RECEIVED BT
ELLIS, SHOTWELL & CO.
CONTAINING
life Onion Red Cabbage
fellow Onion Early Yorkshire Cabbage
Bed Onion Flat Turnip
flood Beet Rutabaga
ly Turnip Beet Sage
F>rrot Squash Pepper
Double Peppergrass
Curled Endive
Turkey Rlicubarb
Solid Celery
Curled Parsley
Asparagus
rsnip
ng Cucumber
/Cucumber
r »t»rmclon
lln'kmelon
l|wh summer Squash
"rooknerlifUimner Squash Nastnrtion
■okneek winter Squash Early June Peas
-He Head Lettuce Early Golden Hotspur
irkly Curumber
ipeekjed Lettuce
aperiiil Lettuce
"Ckfcrt Lettuce
'tk Lettuce
‘kaon Radish
*Het Radish
White Marrowfat
Green Dwarf Marrow- >
fat Peas J
Strawberry Dwarf
Early Six Week Dwarf )
Beans J
Mustard
Early Turnip Radisli Vegetable Oyster
nkead Cabbage Round Spinnage
Ido.
^ratll;
Savoy Cabbage „„
tFkith will be sold in small
| fb*! jZ s ‘ ngle Paper—'warranted fresh.
Early Prickly Spinnage.
all boxes suitable for iamb
GARDEN SEEDS.
FRESH assortment of GARDEN SEEDS,
r .— J'W received and for sale by
l" n 10 FLUKER & COLLINS.
Mlinervj and Mantua Making,
Hut door abort Mr. Corbett's on, Mulberry Street,
near the Court house.
MRS. E. LEVINGSTON,
kroDr/,ffin„ Grom quest,)
JESPECTFULLY informs tbe Ladies of Maoon
Sat.i.r vicinity, that shehaiarrivcdhere, imme-
l... < «ew York, and intends carrying on thee-
Lr. hu,lac “iniU various branches, with all otthelateit
ttecu^h • herself that her work will be
Esheh. m “ e * )est or derand most approved manner,
(iod arrangements in New York to be sup-
lh. l./? “® "'west end most seasonable fashions.
ldRlr 0U *> t ? l ‘ h her the fashions for the Spring
fill a»?. n l er l. ,<,r 1 lB t». Bonnets and Headdresses, and
paddies ve on bani * “l* 1 ** 0 Bonnets and
led kLsF^ORN HATS Cleaned, cut and trim-
lr«tt»na!!i. n * w .’ 0r ders from the country prompt-
O JUST RECEIVED,
„ , . By boat Rising Stales,
Bwels Irish Potatoes
£ 5° Sugar
r i, l * u P*rfine Flour
6 tons Iron* WbUke *
?? dozen Hoes
WrS 7 '!* ben Rye Gin
■ Shot and Lead—For Sale low for Cash, by
!Alln*n ... STONE & COIT.
hr bv indebted to the firm of Stone }f Coif.ci-
1 ‘ vrbK^?' 5 r , Account, are requested to settle tho
— out delay. . jan 24
CONGRESS.
Wew Clothing Stove,
AND
HAT WAREHOUSE
P JUDSON & CO. on Mulberry street, near J.
• B. Wick If Co. have just received and will keep
constantly on hand, a general assortment of
Fine and coarse CLOTHING,
European and Domestic DRY GOODS,
Consisting of Blue, Black, Olive, Claret and Drab
BROADCLOTHS, CASSIMERES, VESTINGS,
and all other articles usually kept by Merchant Tai
lors.
TAILORING.
All orders in the Tailoring line will be thankfully
received and punctually attended to. Having receiv
ed Workmen from New-York, with the latest fash
ions, they will be enabled to do their work with neat
ness and despatch, and hope by strict attention to bu
siness to merit a share of public patronage. N. B.
They will receive quarterly tho latest New-York
Fashions.
HATS.
They have also on hand, a general
assortment of Imitation Beaver, Fine
and Common Roram and Wool HATS,
and expect shortly a quantity of Fine
Beaver Hats. Having experienced the
_ inconveniences of having Hats brought
out in a finished state, they will advisedly have their
Hats principally finished in this place. As this branch
will lie conducted by a professed finisher from New.
York, they will be enabled to offer their Hats inafash
ionable and saleable condition, Wholesale and Retail,
as low as they can be bought in Savannahor Augusta.
Merchants and others arc invited to call and exam,
ine for themselves.
Merchants having Hats on hand in an unsaleable
condition, can if they wish have them blocked and
dressed in a condition to be saleable.
OLD HATS dressed over on the shortest notice.
A liberal price allowed on second band Hats and
Clothing in exchange for new.
SHELL COMBS.
SO dozen superior Brazilian SHELL COMBS, for
sale low as above. 13 jan 24
RPKINNE if CO.
HAVING recommenced the FAC.
TORAGE and COMMISSION BU
SINF.SS In the City of Augusta, re
spectfully tender their services to the
public as
General Commission Merchants.
Their charges are governed by the present low
prices of Cotton. Instead of 2S cents for tbe first
month's storage, they will ask 12 1-2 cents, and for
selling 25 cents per bale, being one half of the present
prices charged at the other Warehouses in this place.
All Cotton they may receive will be fully insured
against losses by fire, without the owners of it being
charged anything for such insurance. By this ar
rangement, should every bale of Colton they may
have in their possession, be destroyed by fire, it will
be promptly paid for at the current price of the day
the accident should happen. ,
Augusta. Aqgtut 29 . 3nt 1
TO THE PUBLIC.
IHE subscribers having purchased the Store late-
> ^ly occupied by BIr. A. E. Stratton, together
STOCK qf GOODS.
now offer theqi.on as liberal terms as they can be had
at any store in the County. The former customers of
Mr. Stratton, and the public generally, are most res
pectfully solicited to call, with this assurance,: that no
exertions an our part shall be wanting to render them
every satisfaction.
A good supply of GROCERIES will be kept con.
stantly on hand. Additions to the present stock are
daily expected.
Uberel Discounts will always be made on.all per-
chases for Cotton or Cash.
TAYLOR, MURDOCK &. CO
Hillsborough, Jasper County, Jan. 1,1827.
COMMISSION BUSINESS.
THE subscribers having formed a
connexion in the COMMISSION
LINE, will attend to all business
addressed to cither of them, hereaf
ter, under the firm of Hill & Stone
PARIS HILL.
J. & S. STONE.
Savannah, October SO, 1826 2
factorage.
THE subscribers continue to trans-
FACTORAGE and COMMIS-
I SION BUSINESS in SAVANNAH.
, ■ J produce consigned to them, will bo
*> without T* ure J? *K»iwt fire, after It goat ip to
lottos will bevi»h* lr e owncr ' Storage on 'iL' this place. In addition to the Countiesin which
r“ week ^ ht and *j"df cents per bale for the ■ ■ ■ -
lit ifitrem,";:. , x **“*» for each succeeding weeks
! th *rgedfoni.! mon, u’ tw «nty-five cents only will
f Wc«edh.g month" WeIVeand * ** C * ntl
iTenbe,, T .- BUTLER & CO
TRUE subscriber continues the Practice of Late in
ik this place. In addition to the Counties in whicl
be has heretofore practiced, he will atteiid the Sup*'
rior Courts in the Counties of Let, Muscogee, Troup
and Coweta.
jan g }tf JOHN P. BOOTH.
BLANKS
FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE-
UNITED STATES AND GEORGIA.
House of Representatives, March 3, 1827.
The Select Committee, to whom were referred a
Message of the President of the United States, of
tbe 5th ultimo, with accompanying documents, and
a Message of the 8th ultimo, with accompanying
documents; also, a Report and Resolutions of the
Legislature of Georgia, with accompanying docu
ments; also, a Joint Resolution to indemnify tbe
Creek Indians for tbe Land lying between the Cha-
tahouebie river and the dividing line between Geor
gia and Alabama; also, a Message of the President,
with accompanying dooaments, of 2d March; have
had those subjects under consideration, and beg
leave to.report as follows:
Tho civilized nations of Europe, who, at dif
ferent periods, discovered and settled the vari
ous portions of the American continent, found
ed, principally, on the right of discovery, o
claim to tho sovereignty over the regions so
discovered. This claim of sovereignty does
not oppear, at least in the case of tho English
government, to have extended, in itself, beyond
an exclusion of the claims of other nations.—
The committee are not aware, that the Eng
lish government, or its representatives, the co
lonial governments, ever assumed in virtue of
this claim of soveteignty, to exercise tho pow
er of internal legislation over the persons who
composed tho various Indian tribes, within the
regions to which the claim of sovereignty ex
tended. These tribes were, on the contrary,
considered and treated as separate, and, to a
certain degree, independent nations. A friend
ly intercourse with tliem was kept by means of
conferences and councils; boundaries, the right
to establish and maintain military posts, and
occasionally the right of passage, were matter
of stipulation, by formal conventions, entered
into between the crown or colonics on tho one
hand, and tho chiefs and warriors of the tribes
on the other. When the provisions of these
treaties wero broken by the Indian tribes, or
when, in any other way, a state of hostility a-
rose, wars ensued, as between separato civiliz
ed countries, and thoso wars were concluded
by treaty. No doubt, in the most early periods
of our history, and in reference to tho rem
nants of tribes, which had ceased to have a
separate existence, transactions may have oc
curred, which imply a different principle of ac
tion, on the part of tho British or colonial gov
ernments; bat it is believed, that no attempt
was ever made by those governments, or any
of them, to incor|)orate the Indian tribes into
the body politic, or to carry the rights of sov
ereignty farther, than to exclude tho sovereign
ty of other free states, and to regulate, at dis
cretion, tho intercourse with tho tribes thus
subjected.
In like manner, the European governments
claimed, in virtue of discovery, a right in the
soil, occupied by the Indian tribes. It is not
necessary, nor perhaps possible, to define the
precise extent to which this claim was carried,
in all instances. It is well known, however,
that it was a claim of a right of pre-emption re
siding in the government. By various public
and legislative acts, individuals were disqualifi
ed from acquiring a title to the Indian lands,
by direct purchase of the Indians; and the gov
ernment recognized a right of occupancy in
the Indians, while it claimed to itself the ex
clusive prerogative of extinguishing. This
well known fact has received tho sanction of
judicial decisions, (8th Wheaton,) in tho case
ot Johnson and Graham’s Lessee vs. M'Intosh.
Such was the state of things before tho Revo
lution.
In tho event of tho war of independence, tho
rights of the British government dovolved up
on the United States. But a grave question n-
rose, whetlier, in reference to tho Indian tribos
within the limits of any state, the right of ex
clusive sovereignty and exclusive pre-emption,
formerly vested in the crown, passed, in virtue
of the declaration of independence, to the con
federation of states, or to tho individual states,
respectively within tho limits of which each
tribe was situated. On the one hand, it was
contended, that tho right to tho unoccupied
lands, and, what was considered tho same thing,
the land occupied by tho Indians, having ori
ginally resided in that government which was
common to all the colonies, and having been
conquered from that government, it tho joint
expense and efforts of all the colonies, passed
to tho confederation; on the other hand, it was
urged, that each state, becoming independent,
succeeded, within its own limits, to all tho
rights formerly vested in the crown.
Tho controversies growing out of this differ
ence of opinion, were of the most serious cha
racter. Thoy wore one chief cause, which re
tarded the adoption of the articles of confedera
tion; and, under the confederation, thoy form
ed the subject of someof tho most embarrassing
questions which wero presented to tho consul
eration of the continental congress.
had been made; In the year 1788, Geor
gia offered to congress a cession of land com
mencing on the Chatahouchie river, at her
southern boundary, running up that river one
hundred and fifty miles, thence due west to the
Mississippi—a tract comprehending the lower
half of the present states of Alabama and Mis
sissippi. Several conditions were attached to
this cession: among others that a guarantee to
Georgia of the remainder of the unoccupied
lands which she claimed to the west. These
conditions were not satisfactory to congress,
and the cession was not accepted.
In 1795, tho legislature of Goorgia pro
ceeded to make extensive sales of the unoccu-
E ied lands on her wostern frontier. Great em-
arrassmonts arose, relative to tho titles ac
quired under these sales; and at length, in
1802, a compromise was entered into between
Georgia and the United States, in virtue of
which, and on conditions mutually acceptable,
Georgia ‘ceded to tho United Statos all her
right and title, westward of a certain line; and
the. United States ceded to Georgia all the
claim, and right, and title, of the United States,
to the jurisdiction and soil of the territory cast
of the said lino; assuming, at tho snme time,
tho obligation of extinguishing the Indian title
to all the lands east of said line, as soon as it
could ho done “peaceably and on reasonable
terms." Thoso articles of cession were con
cluded between commissioners of tho United
States and those of Georgia, on tho 24th A-
pril, 1802. At this time the Oconee river
formed tho eastern boundary of the Creek In
dians, and tho quantity of land occupied by
them in Georgia amounted to 19,578,890 a-
crcs.
In pursuance of the compact of 1802, and
but a few months after its conclusion, a treaty
was made between the United States and the
Creeks, by which a portion of tho land was
ceded by the Indians; and a still larger portion,
by another treaty, concluded in 1805. By
those two treaties, there wore ceded to tho U-
nited States, for the benefit of Georgia, two
millions seven hundred and thirteen thousand
eight hundred and ninety acres of land.
In the course of the late war, a part of the
Creeks wero excited to hostilities against the
United States. Having been vanquished by
tho valor and conduct of general Jackson aud
his troops, a treaty was concluded, by which
a considerable cession of lands was made
to Georgia, and tho integrity of all their re
maining lands was guaranteed to the Creeks.—
By a treaty concluded in 1818, another ces
sion was made of two large tracts of land; and,
by the treaty oi 1821, yet another cession was
made, by which the Flint and Chatahouchie
became tho onstern boundary of the Creeks.
By tho three last mentioned cessions, eleven
million seven hundred and thirty-five thousand
five hundred and ninety acres of land were ac
quired by Georgia; making, together with
thoso obtained, under tho two first cessions, an
aggregate of fourteen million seven hundred
forty-eight thousand six hundred and ninety a-
cres, boing two-thirds of all the lands possess
ed by the Creeks in the state of Georgia, at
the dato of tho convention of 1802. At tho
same date, tho Cherokces wero in poS'
session of seven million ono hundred and fifty
two thousand ono hundred and ten acres af
land within the chartered conventional limits
of the state of Georgia. Two treaties have
been held by tho United States with tho Cher*
okees, in pursuance of the compact of 1802,
by which nino hundred and ninety-fivo thou
sand three hundred and ton acres havo been
acquired to Georgia.
In 1822, a sum of thirty thousand dollars
was appropriated, to defray the expense of
holding further treaties with the Creeks and
Cherokocs, for the purpose of fulfilling tho
compact jvitli Georgia, and a treaty having
beon concluded with the Creeks the preceding
year, it was deemed expedient, by the presi
dent, to make tho next effort with tho Chcro-
keos. This was accordingly done, by the ap-
S ointment of Messrs. D. G. Campbell and
ames Merriwethor, as commissioners, on the
part of tho United States. They repaired to
tho Chorokco country, in October, 1823, and,
after strenuous efforts to prevail upon the Cho-
rokces to enter into a treaty of cession, thoy
received a positive refusal. Tho objection
made by tho Cherokecs appear to have arisen
from exaggerated accounts of the hardships en
dured by thoir countrymen, who had emigrat
ed beyond tho Mississippi, from their advance
ment in the arts of civilized life, and tho conse
quently increased value which they set upon
their lands.
refusal was given by the Creeks as had been
before received from the Cherokees. “So
long," says Colonel Campbell, in his letter to
the Secretary of War of the 8th January, 1825,
“as the negotiation was conducted with the
council generally, no answer was received, o- ,
titer than a prompt rejection of every proposi
tion that was submitted." M'Intosh acted at
first as speaker of the nation in giving these
talks, and joined the other chiefs in council in
refusing to accede. The commissioners re*
present, however, that they ascertained that
the wishes of a largo majority of the chiefs
within the Georgia limits, with M'Intosh at
their head, were in favor of the cession, and
they state that a treaty could have been obtain
ed, signed by a full representation of chiefs
from all tho towns within the limits of Georgia.
Not feeling authorized to concludo u treaty,
with a portion of the chiefs, the commissioners
adjourned the council on the 18th December;
and Colonel Campbell was appointed to repair
to Washington, to endeavor to procure from
the President permission, “to convene tho
Chiefs within tho limits of Georgia, to negoti
ate with them exclusively, if thought proper,
or inclusive of a deputation of Chiefs from tho
upper towns, if such a deputation should pre
sent themselves; and evince a desire to nego
tiate to a further extent."
On tho arrival of Mr. Campbell, ho address-
ed a letter to the secretary of war, asking the
sanction of the president for a treaty “to bo
signed by the chiefs within tho limits of Geor
gia, provided such treaty bo accompanied by
the assent of tho other chiefs, that tho land to
bo abandoned by the emigrating party, shall
be immediately subject to the disposition of the
government."
To this proposal, the president, Mr. Mon
roe, declined accoding, but authorized a renew
al of negotiations with tho whole nation. (See
document No. 72, p. 38, vol. 4, 2d session,
18th Congress.) A meeting of the chiefs was
accordingly summoned for tho 7th February at
Indian Springs, within tho limits of Georgia.—
On tho 10th of the month, the commissioners
met tho chiefs and warriors, and explained
their object. On tho evening of tho same
day, the commissioners held a separate coun
cil with a part of the chiefs and warriors of
nine of the towns, chiefly within the limits of
Georgia. On the morning of the 1 Ith, at the
public council, Opothloyoholo, tho speaker of
the nation, (M'Intosh having been deprived of
that office at tho Broken Arrow) replied to the
talk of the commissioners, on behalf of Big
Warrior, the head chief of the nation, and told
them that no treaty could then bo matte for tho
cession of lands, and invited the commissioners
to a meeting at Broken Arrow, to bo held
three months afterwards, nt tho expense of tho
nation. He declared this to bo the only an
swer ho was authorized t6 give, and that ho
should go homo the next day. On tho follow
ing night, tho chiefs and warriors of the Cus-
setas and Soowoogaloos left their encampment
and went homo, by orders of tho Big Warrior,
communicated by Opotheyoholo, as is stated
by the latter. On the 12tb, a treaty was sign
ed by tho M'Intosh party. During its execu
tion, Opothoyoholo repeated his protest on the
part of the Big Warrior, and according to tho
statement of Hambly, tho interpreter, warned
M'Intosh of his danger in breaking tho law.
A largo number of signatures is appended to
tho treaty, but it is alleged, both by the nation
al council convoncd tho following autumn, and
by tho Indian agent, in a letter written tho day
after tho signature of the. treaty, that they
are, with tho exception of M'Intosh, and por-
haps two others, chiefs of low rank, or not
chiefs at all. M'Intosh himself is stated to
have been but the fifth in rank in the nation.
Among tho documents accompanying the re
port, will be found a list of chiefs present, who
refused to sign; a list of such signers as are
chiefs; and a description of all the other sign
ors rando in public couucil, by tho head chiefs
of the nation. It is apprehended by the com
mittee, that tho inspection of theso documents
can leave no doubt that tho treaty was signed
not merely by a small and unauthorized party
of tho Creek nation, but by a minority of the
chiefs who attended tho council. Had tho
M'Intosh party approached eveu to a moiety of
tho nation, the circumstances that thoy acted
in compliance with tho earnest wishes of tho
United States and of its commissioners, and
that they were sure to receive the countenance
of the wholo neighboring population of Geor
gia, would have given them the ascendancy, in
any conflict with tho other portion of the na
tion, tho reverse of which is known to bo tho
magnitude to bo settled by any positive deci
sion in favor of either party. They were
practically obviated, by successive acts of ses
sion, on tho part of tho states, laying claim to
extensive tracts of unoccupied western lands.
Tho conditions on which these sessions wero
made, by tho different states, wero not uniform,
nor did congress, in accepting theso cessions,
admit that without them the confederacy would
havo possessed ho title to the unoccupied lands.
It was a settlement, by compromise, between
conflicting parties, whose interests wero too
important to admit of any other inode of ad
justment.
Georgia was the only state, having largo
claims to unoc.cupicd land on her western fron
tier, which did hot, either before or shortly af
ter tho adoption of tho federal constitution,
make such a cession to the United States. Re
solutions wero reportedly adopted by tho old
congress, recommending to her a cession.on
thesamo principles on which tho cenions of
; Ihe other states, and partied* ty Virginia, l ci) of-the Crqqlis, "At this council, the same
It appears that the Cherokees, in order to
fortify themselves in their resolution to with
hold all further cessions, sought to engage the
co-oporation in the sarao policy of their loss
civilized neighbors, tho Creeks. Overtures,
made to tho Cherokecs by M'Intosh, who was
allied to them by marriage, in order to per
suade tho Cherokees to a cession, wero reject
ed; and communications wero had by the Che
rokecs with tho Crooks, by way of counteract
ing the influence of M'lutosh. In tho spring
and autumn following tho unsuccessful attempts
to treat with the Cherokees, councils wore
held in the Creek nation, at which a law was
passed, or, as stated by the chiefs in councils to
general Gaines, a law originally passed on tho
Oakmnlgeo was revived, making it capital for
any person in authority among tho Creeks to
cede away their lands without the consent of
tho nation. This law, os enacted or revived,
was published at tho timo in a newspaper in
Alabama.
Such was tho state of-things, when, on tho
1st of December, 1 <i24, the same gentlemen,
authorized os United .States' commissioners
and in pursuaaco of tho snmo object, met the
chiefs of tho Crook nation at Thic-eath-cUa,
or Broken Ariro w, the seat of the national coun-
_a .L- e I:} .v:
On the day following tho signature of tho
treaty, Colouel Crowell, the agent, addressed
a letter to the Secretary of War, as follows:
"Indian Springs, February 13, 1825.
“The honorable John C. Calhoun,
V Secretary of War.
“Sra—In compliaoco with instructions received
from Colonel Campbell, while in Washington City,
^notified tbe chiefs of this nation to meet the United
States’ commissioners at this place on the 7th instant,
for the purpose of treating with them for their lands.
“Your letter of the Uthi enclosing a copy of the
instructions to the commissioners, did not reach uie
until the Gth. On the arrival of the commissioner;, I
Informed them I was ready to obey their orders on all
points touching the negotiation, and cheerfully c oo
perate with them in effecting the object of their mis
sion.
“Yesterday; a treaty was signed by tplnlosh and
his party alone. Being folly convicted that this trea
ty is in direct opposition to the letter and spirit ot the
Instructions, which I have a copy of, I feel it to ha
my bounden duty, as the agent of the government, to
apprise you of It, that you may adopt such measures
as you may deem expedient, as to the ratification; for,
If ratified, It may produce a horrid state of things a-
moag these Unfortunate Indians. It i» proper tq re
mark, that, with the exception of M'Intosh, and per-
jiaps two others, the signatures to this treaty are cither
chiefs of a low grade, or not chiefs at nil; which you
can perceive by comparing them to thoscW other
treaties, and to the receipts for the annuity; nrul thew
signers are from eight towns only, when there ore fif
ty*!* in tho nation.