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SAYAMAH DAILY HERALD. VOL. I—NO. 63. The Savannah Daily Herald (MORNING AND EVENING} IS FCOLISHXD B t O. W. MASON dfc CO., At 111 Bat Street, Sa.vi»'AH, Geoboia. i£ESB; Per Copy .. .Five Cents. Per Hundred $3 60. Per Year . $lO 00, ADVERTISING: s Two Dollars per Square of Ten Lines for first in sertion : One Dollar for each subsequent one. A<l - inserted in the morning, will, if desired, appear in the evening without extra charge. JOB PRINTING every style, : 3..t'y ar.d'promptly done. Presentation or Austrian Credentials to the President.— We understand that Count Wydenbruck, who has been accredited to this Government as Minister Resident of Austria, to fill the place left vacant by the decease of the late lamented Count Giori,was yesterday received by the President. On presenting his credentials. Count Wydenbruck made the foliowing remarks: 31k. President : His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, my august sovereign, having graciously been pleased to appoint me his Minister Resident in the United States of America, I have the honor to present the cre dentials which accredit me in that capacity to vour Excellency. lam particularly happy that the choice of my sovereign for this post has fallen upon me, as one of the duties of- my mission is to be the interpreter of his sentiments towards your Excellency and the American people. Impressed as lam with the political great ness and commercial importance of this country, 1 shall esteem myself most fortunate if I succeed in contributing not only to entertain but to expand aud develop the friendly relations so happily existing between my own country and the United States. REPLY OF THE PRESIDENT. Count Wydenbruck : I sincerely hope that you may find your residence in our country an agreeable one. During a period in which our relations with several of the foreign pow ers have been a subject of especial care, if not of anxiety, the friendly intercourse be tween your great country and ours has been free not only from disturbance,but even from every form of irritation or annoyance. Your sovereign has been discreet,frank, and friend ly, and has thus won the confideace and good will of the Airericau people. The New Tariff Act.—Upon the Ist day of April the new Tariff act will take effect. In his circular accompanying it. Mr. McCul loch, introducing it as an act amendatory of certaiu acts imposiug duties on imports, ap proved March 3, 1865, remarks that the se cond proviso in Section 4 of this act cloe3 not repeal Section 4 of the “Act to modify exist ing laws imposing duties pn imports, 'and for other purposes,” approved March 3, 13G3. The second proviso in the fourth section referred to, is that “no ship, vessel, or steam er, having a license to trade between different districts of the United States, or to carry on the bank, whale, or other fisheries, or on any ship, vessel, or steamer, to or from any point or place in Mexico, the British provinces of Nor:h America, or of the West India is lands, or in all these trades, shall be required to pay the tonnage duty contemplated by this act more than once a year.” As the new Secretary remarks, therefore, vessels trading to or from any part or place south of Mexico, down to ancHnclutling Aspinwail and Pana ma, will only once a year pay the. tonnage of thiily cents per ton. As seciion ninth enacts that this act is to f ake effect from the Ist of April, 1805, the Secretary directs that in the absence of any law or provisions to the contrary, the rates of duty imposed by this act are to be assess ed only on such goods, wares, or merchan dise as may be imported on or after that date The increased rates imposed by this act therefore are not assessed on goods imported previous to that date, whether under bond or otherwise. It i3 a mistaken idea to imagine that merchants of the first class deprecate a Tariff act as an incubus that must be shunned or got lid off at all hazards. One of the prime duties of the Secretary of the Treasury is to conserve, aud the tenor of his circular is of a nature to attract the attention of the of candid-minded merchants. The Crown of.Mexico. —lt may not be forgotten that a member of the Bonaparte family was offered, forty years ago, the crown of Mexico. The story is told by the Empe ror himself in his sketch of Joseph, eldest brother of the first Napoleon: “While Jor eeph was living as a philosopher on the banks ot the Delaware thinking of nothing but of doing good to those around him, he received a proposal which surprised and touched him. 'A deputation of Mexicans came to him to him to place at his disposal the- Crown of Mexico. Tho Ex-King of Naples and Spain answered the deputation in nearly tnese terms: ‘I have borne two Crowns, ana I would not take a single step for a third. | Noth n 5 can bs more nattering to me than to see men who, when I was in Madrid, refused to recognize my authority, come now in my exile to ask of me to put myself at their head But Ido not believe that the throne you wish to rats e up can make you happy ; and every clay I spend on the hospitable soil of the United States proves to me more and more the excellence of* republican institu tions for Aim rica. Preserve them, then, as the precious gifts of Providence. Put an end to your ime-tine quarrels; imitate the United States, and look out among your fel - low citizens for someone more capable than I am to play the great part ol Washington.” \ aixaiion of Massachusetts. —The State Valuation Committee has reported. The en tire valuation of the property in the State is fixed at $1,000,009,829,650, “showing an in crease over the valuation of 1100 of $112,- 034,330. In the number of polls there is an apparent loss of 17,910, as compared with the number, in 1800,there being a loss in every county except Hampden, in which there is a gain of 1183. Some idea of the profits of sutlers may be gamed from the fact that the Army ot tie Potomac, in three days, one man sold cn< ugh applies at five to tight cents each me u to tome to S3OO. Summary of Sherman’s Operations. —The Herald’s correspondent gives the following summary of what has been accomplished by Sherman’s soldiers: We have been about forty-five days shut out, as it were, from the outer world. Our march has been one continued suc cess. Sherman’s capital manoeuvres con - pletely split up the rebel army,breaking them into isolated bodies, thus destroying their power. Our march has been somewhat retarded by the heavy falls of rain, which flooded the creeks and swamps and cut up the roads so that we had to corduroy over a huudred miles of road, and build several miles of trestle work aud bridges. Besides compelling them to evacuate Charleston, we destroyed Columbia, Orange burg and several other places. Also over 50 miles of their chief lines of railroad, and thousands of bales of cotton. At Columbia we captured forty-three can non, two hundred thousand cartridges, ten tous of powder, nine thousand rounds of fixed ammunition, about ten thousand mus kets, over one hundred government presses, besides an immense amount of pifblic stores, locomotives, rolling stock, and other kinds of government stores too numerous to men tion. At Clieraw we took twentv-five camion, eight caissons and two travelling forges, i be sides a large quantity of government stores of various kinds in the arsenal and else where. At Fayetteville we took seventeen cannon, besides a large quantity of government stores of various kinds in the arsenal and elsewhere. This makes eighty-five cannon —one third of which were field pieces—with carriages, caissous and all complete. We captured about twenty-five thousand animals on our line of march. We gave food and transportation to about fifteen thousand colored reiugees, thus depriving the confederacy of colored soldiers and slaves. We also had abouMour thousand white refugees, all of whom were well cared for, and will be sent North to whateyer desti nation they choose. We operated over the following districts or counties: In South Carolina—Beaufort, Barnwell, Orangeburg, Lexington, Richland, Kershaw, Fairfield, Chester, Lancaster, Sumter, Darlington, Chesterfield, Malbourg. In North Carolina—Meckleburg, Anson, Richland, Union, Roberson, Cumberland ana Moore. We marched on an average four hundred and fifty miles, our wings extending some thirty-five or fifty miles. This would give an area of over fifteen tbousaud square miles which we operated over, all the time sup porting men and animals on the country. In deed, the loss we have inflicted on the enemy is incalculable, and all at a trifling sacrifice of life. I think one thousand killed,, wounded and missing will cover our casualties. Several of these were owing to accidental explosions at Columbia and Clieraw. The enemy's loss must, be, in killed, woun ded and missing, about twelve hundred, while we have captured and on hand over three thousand prisoners. A Trick of the Trade.— lt. is well known to the purchasers of dry goods that cotton doth made within the past two or three years is much inferior in quality to that manufac tured before the war, anil consequently there is a great demand for “old cotton." One of the tricks of the trade is to take low priced cotton wetting it to take out the sizing, and drag it about the store, as to give it the ap pearance of age. This “doctored” cotton is then placed in the window, labeled as gen uine old cotton, slightly damaged, and for sale at reduced price. No better advertise ment than this can be found, and the conse quence is that the “slightly damaged” article sells rapidly, while that wnich remains in the state in which it comes from the manufactur er. though offered at the same price, is un t niched, The purchasers go away believing they have made bargains, and the shrewd shopkeeper sets to work and prepares anoth er lot of cloth for display.— Pittsburg Chron icle. Woman’s Sympathy with our Soldiers.— There is a touching pathos in some of the markers attached to the b ankets, shirts, handkerchiefs, and the like, sent to the Sani tary Commission for the soldiers in camp and hospital. Thus on a bed quilt was pinned a card having this vender inscription : “My son is in the Army ; whoever is made warm by this quilt which I have worked on for six days and most all of six uights, let him re member his own mother's love.” Who can doubt that these simple w r erds have made some weak one strong again, filled some sad heart with joy and hope ? On a pillow sent to the Commission was written : “This pil low belonged to my little boy, who died rest ing on it; it is a precious treasure to me, but I give it for the soldiers.” Oil a box of beau tiful lint was this inscription: “Made _in a sick room, where the sunlight ha 9 not enter ed for nine years, but where God has enter ed, and where two sons have bid their moth er good-bye, as they hate gone out to the war." What a spirit of sacrifice and saintly heroism shines through this little sentence ; sunshine, joy, sympathy, coming out of shadow ; the sick room giving tender greet-, ing to the camp-fire and the hospital. But the tenderest of all inscriptions we have seen is this, written on some eye-sliades : “Made by one who is blind. Ob, how I long to see the dear old flag you are all fighting under!” - Thf attempt to grow oranges and lemons in California is every year becoming more successtul. The principal groves are at Los Angelos, where there are a half a dozen men engaged in the business. Oranges are grown in other places in the State, but mainly in gardens for private use. There were about 60,000 oranges aud 30,000 lemons grown last year in Los Angelos. This year nearly 100.- 000 oranges and 40,000 lemons have bwh raised in that vicinity. Tbe oranges grown this year are larger and in every way better i than last year's crop, and sold at the groves at $3 per*mindred. The largest growers are two Frenchmen at the Mission San Gabriel, ■whose crop last year amounted to about 25,- 000 oranges, beside a quantity of lemons. SAVANNAH, GA., SUNDAY, APRIL 2, 1865. Tee Emperor of French. Even now with an appparent.y confirmed dynasty and a supreme people, when the elect of 53,- 000,000 is seeff driving a two-horse drag, like a private gentleman, to the Bois, he is under the anxious and studied protection of police. Those two young men in fashiona ble attiro, cantering ahead, are police agents; ! that middle aged gentleman riding with a j lady, some titty paces behind, is another ; j small lots of apparent loungers are on the watch along the ride; and an armed force would start up at the first sign or sus picion of alarm. When a ball was given to the Emperor or Empress at a distinguished embassy, the list of invitations was carefully revised by the prefect or'his sub, who, not satisfied with having some of his people in the ante Chamber, insisted on cards of invi tation to enable others (dressed and decorat ed for the purpose) to mingle with the com pany. When tbe Empescr honored the Bar ron do Rothschild by joining a shooting party at his chateau, the entire establishment was placed under strict survillance during the preceding fortnight, and when his Imperial Majesty took the field, the neighboring coun try was ceme like a besieged town. How Professor Agassiz came to Start for Brazil. —ln a Lowell Institute lecture last week, the distinguished superintended of the Museum at the University, expressed a wish to visit the Andes that he migbt verify some of bis theories regarding tbe glaciers. Nathaniel Thayer, Esq", already a munifi cent benefactor of the college, was present, and has since proposed to Professor Agassiz to go to South America, offering to pay his expenses and those of as many assistants as lie may choose. The professor gladly availed himself of the offer, and will start next week, probably from New York, taking with him eight young men, students, au'd assis tants. He'will go direct to Rio Janeiro, and examine the mountain ranges in the south ern part of Brazil and in the neighboring provinces. His further course we have not learned, but we understand thai his westward trip may extend as far as the base of the Andes. The visit will be of incalculable benefit to science, and to the great enterprise at Cam bridge in which the professor’s whole heart is engaged, as thousands of specimens will be collected and sent home from time to time, and valuable information obtained re garding them. It is probable that this ex cursion will cost not less than $20,000. — Boston Traveller , Valentines. —Of how many a pleasant page in literature does St. Valentine’s Day remind us, and in literature of how many languages! The custom of valentines has varied in different ag sand conn r es. In the dark ages, when pens, as has been wittily re marked, were used only by monks and shep herds, it was of course out of all question to send a written valentine, such as we have in modern times. In some parts the first maiden friend vou met on the .-morning of St. Valen tine’? Day was to be your valentine duting the year. Our readers will recollect an il lustration of this custom, by the Ariosto of the north, in the “Fair Maid of Perth,"where strong armed Harry Gow, of the Wyud, marcned early through the streets, of Perth that he might be the first to catch a glimpse on St. Valentine’s Day of the beautiful face of Catharine Glover. Neither have the cus toms of Valentine's Day escaped the notice of Shakespeare, for instance, in A Mid-um mer Night’s Dream. One of the earliest known writers of valentines in vtrse (and no one in the days of knights would tuink oi wooing tiis mistress by written prose) was Charles, Duke of Orleans, who w.<s killed at the battle of Agincourt ; and his product ons, which show n » mean skili, now form part o the King's Library in tne Brttish Museum. Since th it time written Valentin .s have had an uninterrupted run for centuries. Later periods have added accompaniments by il lustration. Many pages might be filled with an account of the different customs ohs rved on the 14th of February. Many ot (u rea ders would be surprised to find how ueeply rooted among ail cia-ses of society is the custom of Valentine's Day, which some sup pose to be now-a-days confined to servant girls, shop-boys, and gentlemen’s “gentle men. ’ A pestilent corruption ha3 been en grafted on the more primitive practices.— Valentines have in modem times greatly de generated from their .original purpose; and instead of being what they * ought to be, in nocent tokens of affection and kiudly feeiiDg, are often made a -medium of coarse insults and satire, which, though ludicrous enough in themselves: may rouse the angry pas sions of the recipient. It is singular that this kind ot vulgar aud ribald literature mostly resembles "those Fescenuiue strains which laid the foundations of that satire which Quintilian claims as being exclusively Latin “Customs of St. Valentine's Day,” in the Churchman’s Family Magazine. Charles Knioiit.— In many worldly res pects mv own life has been “a failure.” It was probably a blessing in disguise that cir cumstances, over which I had little control, long ago taught me that it was-irat for me to make a fortune, or to indulge in the ostenta tion of ample means. I have been content with the “plain living” that the philosophic poet sets above a life “only drest for show.” If “high thinking” have nut been altogether wanting, I owe this to a love of books, and perhaps not less to the companionship of edu-, cated and intelligent friends. I believe that I have made very few enemies. Within mv own p op: r sphere I have had as much soda e joy meut as is compatible fwith the belief that “the chief end of man” is duty and not plea sure. The fiftieth anniversary of my mar riage has jnst passed. Half a century of congenial wedlock is a blessing accorded to few. It brought with it the further blessing of a family united in love; of a home where cheerful faces ever welcome me. During forty years I had known no great sorrow. I had not been bereft of any one of those who were the joy of my manhood, and the.com fort of my age. A dark cloud has cast its solemn shadow over my golden bridal; but I feel that our grie s, and the consolations which should coinc wifti them, are lor our selves, ami not tor the ouier world. Taken as a whole, my life has been a happy one.— Passages of a Working TJfe. By Ciarlts Knight. Congratulatory Letter. —TlicMpllowing letter from Major General Howarcrto Major General Logau, speaks for itself: Headq’rs Dep t and Army of khe ) Patterson Cross Road, S. C., Feb. 23. Major-General John A Logan : General—lt is my purpose to publish an order of congratulation to the army as soon as the pressure of duty will permit me; butJ cannot longer delay an expression of thanks due to yourself and your remarkable corps for the completeness of success which has at tended you during the vigorous operations from Savannah to the taking oi Columbia You were present when Gen. John E. Smith’s division forced its way across the Little Saltketcher swamp. You visited the bridge when General Hazen crossed the Edis to, aud also witnessed the operations of the same division, near Skilling’s bridge, where the deep, wide and difficult swamp was crossed, and the enemy’s force captured or scattered, and I trust you will do them hon or by a graphic and distinctive narrative of their generous and indefatigable labor which resulted in success. I was with you at Con garee creek, and shall not Soon forget the difficult ground, the almost- unassailable position of the enemy at the bridge, when Gen. Wood's division waded through the mud, the swamp and the creek, and suc ceeded in dislodging the rebels and putting them to flight. I closed my letter to General Sherman that day as follows : “The same vigor aud bold ness that have characterized our men during the hardships of this campaign were again exhibited to day. You yourself understand the difficulties of the ground—the mud, the water, swamps, deep creeks and ditches that they had to overcome in order to get at the enemy.” Again, I was present when you pushed Hazen across the Saluda, and also vividly recalled the work of the entire night, and the severe skirmish of the morning with Wood’s division, to secure the crossing of the Broad. The successtul expedition of Gen eral Corse along the line of the railroad, where he, together with your mounted in fantry, rendered useless some thirty miles of it. aud destroyed an immense amount of re bel property, and afterwards pushed with so much promptitude to the head of the column, merely afforded us fresh instances of the earnest energy of himself and his command. The faithiulness with which every duty has been executed, the unflagging attention to order, and the cheerful aud hearty deport ment of the entire corps, afford me sincere pleasure and a peculiar faith in your suc cess In this letter I have scarcely hinted at the operations of your command ; but believe me General, your own energetic co-operation in the-e movements, which have resulted al ready in the fall of Columbia and Charles ton, and in the almost irreparable disruption of the enemy’s line of communication and supply, can never be forgotten. Tender my congratulations and thanks to your noble division and brigade commanders, and through these to the and soklaigf fit their charge. May the blessing of Heaven continue with us, and may nothing occur to mar the fair record of the Army of Tennes see. Very respectfully. O. O. Howard, Major General Commanding. Roman Children.— Daring the Christmas week a minature stage is erected opposite the chapel, from which children, principally of the nigh or middling class, deliver short discourses laudatory of the infant Jesus.— Tiiis is ready a mod, < n erta ini eg sight.— Tricked out in the gaudiest drei-s ttiat the Vciaiiy of their mammas can aft rd, the little caildren, many scarcely able to are lin ed on the stage by monks, and, having learn ed their le.-s n by heart, reclaim piccolo cer monst as to the s ttisfaction of their parents an i the in Inite delight of the crowd sur rounding t’a mu. Aud it is a curious specta cle to see now these children, many mere in fauts, are imbued with the spirit of acting which may be said to be innate in the lite of an Italian. You will see the tiny crea tures tossing their aims about, shrugging their shoulders, and stamping their little feet with an empressment reminding you of the stage.—“ Toast Winter in Home.'' By Chas. Richard Weld. An Anecdote or Girard.— A gentleman from Europe purchased a bill of exchange on Girard, to defray the expenses of a torn to this country, it was duly honored on presentation ; but iu the course of their tran saction it so happened that one cent remain ed to be funded on the part of the European; and, on the eve of his departure from this country, Girard dunned him for it, The gen tleman apologized, and tendered him a six and-a-quarter cent piece, requesting the dif ference. Mr. Girard tendered him in change five cents which the gentleman declined to accept, alleging that he was entitled to an additional quarter of a cent. In feply Girard admitted the fact, but informed him that it was not iu his power to comply, as the Gov ernment had neglected to provide the frac tional coin in question, and returned the gentleman the six cent piece, reminding him, however, in unmistakeable language that he must still consider him bis debtor for the balance unpaid—the one cent. The First Needle.—Needles were first made in London by a negro from Spain, in the reign of Queen Mary. He died, how ever, Without imparting the secret of his art; and it was lus. till 1565, when it was recov ered in the rtign of. Elizabeth. It was one Elias Grow so, a German, who taught the English. The manufacture of needles was literally lost in England for nearly a cenrory; but about 1650 it was recovercdj by Christo pher Greening, who settled at Long Credon, in Buckinghamshire. The reputation long enjoyed by Whitechapel needles, points out the particular locality in Loudon where the manulacture was once carried on. At the present time, the largest number of needles arc made at Reddicb, iu Worcestershire; at Hathersage, in Derbyshire; and in and .near Birmingham. ‘ The product of Riddick and its neighborhood alone is very great. Even several years ago it reached 100,000,600 nee dles per week. Col. Benjamin Harrison, TPgrandson of the ex-president has recently been made a brigadier general. PRICE, 5 CENTS INTERESTING ITEMS. The oldest lunatic on record; Time out of Mind. Ten Cardinal’s hats are now at the disposal of the Pope. The streets to Venice are 6 9eet wide. The broadest, the “Merceria” is 13 feet wide. New York has enlisted 400 negroes on her quota at Charleston. Dickens originally intended to entitle hid story of “Little Don it’’ “Nobody’s Fault.” , Receipt for making trousers last—Make the coat and vest first. All study out of school hours is prohibited in Boston. The abbreviation generally adopted for the new State of Nevada, is “Na.” An English magistrate decided recently that a pantomime was a stage/)lay. Fortunes in petroleum are said to be well founded. The moment you shoot a duck it becomes a duckshot. A New York paper wishes people would behave as well as they dress at the opera -there. Ffora Temple is to trot aga'n in May on the Fashion Course, L. I. She has been in re tirement for two years. An,Alabama paper asks “Have we a Bour bon among us ?” And a Richmond daily re plies, in melancholy, “not a drop." The Grand Trunk Railroad is trying to get a monopoly of railroad privileges from the Canadian legislature. Thebe is more light in a quart of ink than in a million feet of gas, a million quarts of oil, aud a million pounds of tallow. The Sandwich Islanders have sent $5,600 to the Christian Commission. “Bread cast upon the waters returns after many days." Tom Sayers, the P. R in England, has been very sick, but at last dates was report ed convalescent. At a recent splendid wedding in New York, the bridal presents were valued at 30.- 000. Lieutenant Wilson (son of Senator Wil son,) is to receive a Lieutenant Colonel’• commission in the colored corps. Brevet Brigadier General J. C. Abbott is announced as commander of the post at Wilmington, N. C. The aggregate valuation of real and per sonal property in tbe State of Illinois is offi cially stated at $355,786,626. Chestnuts arc 66 cents a bushel, in gold, at Denver, Colarado, apples of the size of marbles, are 50 cents each. George! W. Dudlet, one of the aldermen of At*'Augusta, Me., has gone into-the ranks on the quota of that. city. Prentice hopes that Grant and Sherman will cut Lee’s forces in two. Then Lee will be indebted to them for an entire division of his army. Tbe members of the Legislature receive $l5O per annumn, in Maine. In these times the people of that State are not troubled with long sessions. A whiter in describing the last scene of •Othello, ' had tbs exquisite passage: “Upon which the Mnor, seizing a bolster lull of rage and jealouey, smothers her. Several Brazilian statesmen, who are leading the emancipation movement in their country, have requested books on the sub ject from Rev. J. C. Fletcher. xhe annual rate of mortality in Boston is 1 to every 41 of the population; London, 1 J 0 45* Philadelphia, 1 to 50; New York, l In the Book of Revelations, Death is rep resented as mounted on a white horse, but in these days lie rides an iron horse—the loeo tivc. Five hundred Hungarian families want to emigrate to one of our territories. An agent is at Washington trying to arrange fortheir transportation Irom Europe to Arizona. Among the popular books of the day in England is the record of a lady pedestrian— Miss Eyres’s “Lady’s Walk-through the South of France.” A newly elected coroner, on being asked a clay or two ago, how he accounted for the great mortality this year, said he couldn’t tell, for there were people dving this year that never died before. 3 Oil-Dorado exceeds El Dorado in its pro duction of value. Gold is found in quartz, while petroleim oozes forth by the gallon. Hence, it is rare fun to own a well. It is better than a play, sir. The cotton* captured at Savannah will not be sent abroad, lest it be attached in the hands of the agents as the property of the foreigners who claimed it before it was taken from Savannah. It is never to late to mei and. A Springfield gen lem m, melied by an earnest ap,» al to hr more social, roc. ntly w n’oat win. Lis wile to s; end a.i evening, for the first tune during his thirty years oi married life. The Boston Commonwealth says a colored girl recently entered the Winthrop school with one hundred per cent, of correct an swers, beating every white girl but one in the district, aud she a little Irish girl. A New York letter says of the office holders in that c ity, that men have the hand ling of immense sums of money who in Private life would not be trustee! near the till of a Dutch grocery. Tbe same here. An interesting discovery has jiftt been made in a tumulus at Ekaterincslow, in Rur sia. It consists of a treasure which formerly belonged to a chief of tbe Huns. Among the different articles is a heavy gold diadem, a large co 1 .r, bracelets, ancl drinking cups with handles formed by animals, the whole of which are iu gold of remarkable workman •hip. #