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SAVANNAH DAILY HERALD. YOL. 1-NO. 103. The Savannah Daily Herald fMOKNING AND. EVENING; 18 FOCUSSED BY (3. W. MAHON «fc CO., At 111 Bay Street, Savannah, Georgia, techs: Per Copy Five Cent*. Per Hundred $3 60. Per Year $lO 00. advertising: Two Dollars per -Square of Ten Lines Tor first in sertion : Ono Dollar for each subsequent one. Ad vertisements inserted in the morning, will. If desired, appear in the evening without extra charge. JOB PRINTING, In every style, neatly and promptly done. PROSPECTS OF THE FUTURE COTTON SUPPLY. Under this caption the London Economist, a work of high reputation, publishes some estimates of the probable future supply of cotton in England, of value to all who deal in the article. He sets out with the follow ing statement of the stocks on hand at the dates respectively annexed: Bales* Ist January, 1861 700,000 “ 1862..... 434,000 “ 1863 .328,000 “ 1864 675.000 Ist April, 1865 700,000 This, at the present rate of consumption and export, will last for nearly twenty weeks. Great anxiety, it is stated by the wrrter,hangs over the question of future supply. • “It is by no means improbable, unless great camion is exercised, that we may fall very short of cotton in 1866 and 1867, and that the fluctuations in price may be as great and mischievous as any we have hitherto experienced. The fall that has already taken place has been such as, if not materially to check production, at least greatly to alarm producers and to discourage the vast efforts recently made to grow cotton wherever it can he grown; while the expectation of a still further drop tends to prevent consump tion keeping pace with supply. “China and Japan, which last year sent us fifty-two million pounds, will cease to send us any at all. Secondly, Bengal, and to a certain extent, Madras, which last year sent us between them three hundred and fifty thousand bales, will ship to China (as they used to do) instead of to England, and will at once stop any unusual growth into which our high prices may have tempted them.— Thirdly. The Turkish supply, which has only recently become at all important and re liable, will again become precarious. Fourth ly. Egypt and Brazil will have a tendency to fall hack to their old moderate supply— say two hundred thousand bales, as in 1860, instead of four hundred and sixty thousand baies, as in 1864—just in proportion as prices tend back to their old level. Fifthly. The western and northwestern provinces of India (which, like Egypt, have greatly Increased the average breadth of land under cotWn.and have suffered iuconvenience fiom the dimin ished production of food which was a con sequent upon the change), will gradually fall back upen their old habits, and be more like ly to send us three-quarters of a million of hales than a million and a quarter, on which some persons calculated for 1865.” The writer estimates the stock of cotton now in the-United States at one million of hales. He contends that after peace is re stored it will take a considerable time before the scattered population be re-collected and labor reorganized. * We will assume—what, however, many persons would refuse to admit—that nearly all the residual negro population in the cot ton States will again be set to that special cultivation, either under compulsion or in ducements of some kind. We will admit all the suppositions most favorable to a large and prompt supply. Still, in any case, no fresh cotton worth mentioning can reach this country in less than eight months after the next seed-time subsequent to the restoration of peace and order. The seed-time of this year is past. Granting that the war is over in July, that plantations are restored to their owners, that the healing and reorganizing processes are at once entered upon with the marvellous enterprise and vigor which characterize our transatlantic brethren— gtill, it will be February, 1866, before the new crop can he sown, and Octo ber and November before it can reach England in any quantities. And when it is ready to come, we may safely calculate upon three things—all of which ought to moderate our expectations. First', that the crop of the first year, and perhaps even of the second, will not be like the former oue9, three or three and a half millions of bales, but not more than two millions at the outside—con sidering bow many of the plantations have been ruined, and how large a proportion of the negro population has been dispersed or died. Secondly, that of this moderate crop the Americans themselves will want proba bly one-third at least. And, thirdly, that the cotton will cost more to grow than it did be fore the great convulsion, and before it reaches us will be burdened by an export duty of three pence or four pence in the pound ; so that instead of being laid down in Liverpool at six pence a pound, and yielding a good profit at that price, it will probably cost from ten pence to one shilling. • ’{'he “writer concludes with asserting that ’ sooner or later, no dqubt, as we have always said, the United States will beat all other cot ton-growing countries out of the market, with the exception of moderate supplies or special qualities from Bombay, Egypt and Brazil; hut it will he later and not 9ooner, and \ve need not augment the catastrophe hy anticipating-it.” - A French feuilletonist says Patti has an “angelic mouth, where the honey of senti ment and song is ever hived." Does he mean that our little girl is a “cell.” California paper-dealers are about intro ducing paper-making machinery into China, to take advantage of the fine stock to be found there in the fibre of the bamboo and mulberry trees. The Poet Bryant's Offering. —At the meeting on Tuesday in Union Square the two poems appended, written by Wm Cul len Bryant for the occasion, were read.— They exhibit evidence that the poet loses nothing of his power or sweetness in song with his increasing years: A Tribute to Abraham Lincoln. Oh I slow to smite, and swift to spare— Gentle, and merciful and ju*t. Who, in the fear of God didst bear The e-.verd of power—a nation’s trust l In sorrow by the bier we stand. Amid the awe that hushes all, And speak the anguish of a land That shook with horror at thy fad, Thy task is done; the bond are free: We bear thee to an honored grave, Whose noblest monument shall be The broken fetters of the slave! v Pure was thv life ; its bloody clo e Hath placed thee with the souls of light— Amoug the noble noble host of those Who perished In the cause of Bight! “THOU HAST PUT ALL THINGS UNDER HIS FEET.” Oh, North 1 with all thy vales of green 1 Oh, South! with all thy palms! From peopled towns and fields between, L pll;t the voice of psalms. Raise, ancient East, the anthem high. And let the youthful West reply. Lo I in the clouds of Heaven appears God’s well beloved son: He brings a train of brighter years, His kingdom Is begun. He comes, a guilty world to bless. With mercy, truth and righteousness. O! Father, haste the promised hour, When at his feet shall lie, All role, authority and power, Beneath the ample sky. W hen He shall reign from pole to pole, The Lord of every human soul. Recovery From the Effects of War.—. John' Stuart Mill, in alluding to the surprise often expressed at the rapidity with which a country will recover from the effects of war, says: “There is nothing at all wonderful In the matter. What the enemy have destroyed would have been destroyed in a little while by the inhabitants themselves; the wealth which they so rapidly reproduce would have needed to be reproduced, and would have been reproduced in any case, and probably in a9 short a time. Nothing is changed, except that during the reproduction they have not now the advan tage of consuming what had been produced previously. The possibility of a rapid re pair of their disasters mainly depends on w r hether the country lias been depopulated. If its effective population have not been ex tirpated at the time, and are not starved af terward, then with the same skill and knowl edge which they had before, with their land and its permanent improvements uildestroyed, and the more durable buildings probably unimpared or only partially injured, they have nearly all the requisites for their former amount of production. If there is as much of food left to them, or of valuables to buy food, as enables them by Shy amount ot pri vation to remain alive aud in a working con dition, they will in a short time have raised as great a produce, aud acquired collectively as great wealth, and as great a capital as be fore, hy the mere continuance of that ordi nary amount of exertion which they are accustomed to employ in their occupations.” In commenting on this statement the Boston Journal makes the following just re marks, between which and some remarks made by us recently, there is a striking coin cidence. “In applying this sentiment or principle to the South, it must be admitted that the white male population has been essentially reduc ed. But still, as the chief labor was per formed by the blacks, if they remain, as most of them probably will, there will be no failure on tliis score that cannot be sup plied by the great immigration that will un doubtedly set iu to the South very soon. The problem is to carry the people through this present year. The planting season has already come, and will not last much longer. Some of the planters have cotton enough to buy seed, implements and other requisites, and hire labor (that is no longer to be bought) sufficient for the season’s work. But, iu the great majority of cases, there must be a ter rible lack of means. Nothing can he done without supplies advanced on ilie security of the coming crops. Parties at the North are ready to buy what the South has to sell now and to advance on the future strength of its ability to pay. This brings up the question of the trade regulations which is now troub ling the President and his Cabinet. It has many points of difficulty, affecting the whole subject of confiscation and hearing upon the general pacification of the once seceded States; hut we trust it will be settled ulti mately to the benefit of all parties.” Retrenchment. —The following practical suggestions with regard to retrenchment are made in the N. Y. Times: “It is believed that within a week one hun dred and fifty thousand men could be muster ed out of the military service, without the least detriment to the public interest. No doubt, from fifty to one hundred steamers and sailing vessels could be at once with drawn from the naval service and soli for the purposes of commerce,and thousands of sail ors be dismissed. Great numbers of orders and contracts can be recalled,tor, in all prob ability, the Government has supplies anjl am munition ahead lor at least six months. The whole drafting and volunteer machinery might at once be given up. Since the issu ance ot the orders from the War Department referred to above, the general expenses of the government, especially os regatds military administration, have been very greatly cur tailed, but still we believe that within a week Government could with perfect safety yet reduce its expenses by or.* million a day.— What an immense relief would this at once be to the great population of consumers, who have no interest in contracts, but who feel the war heavily in taxes and depreciated cur rency and high prices of labor.” In whatsoever house yon enter, remain master of your eyes and your tongue. SA.VANNAH, GA., TUESDAY, MAY 16, 1865. ONE DAT LA?ER FROM NEW YORK. Dates of the.loth Instant. Demoralization of the Rebel Troops—A Number of their Officers Murdered. GEY. JOHNSTON TAKES LEAVE OF HIS STAFF. Orders for the Restoration of Law and Order in North Caro lina. FrRTHEB PARTICULARS OF THE MEXICAN EMIGRATION. Order from the Dissident Establish ing National Authority in Vir ginia. # Extension of Trddc Facilities in the Southern States. The Court for the Trial of the Assassins now iu Session—The Doors Closed Thus Far. ~ Montgomery and Selma, Alai, Oc cupied by Union Troops. SUIt&BNDSB. OF DICK TAY LOR CONFIRMED. Price’s Men Coining In and Taking the Oath. The Harris Cpifi’t Martial. Rebels, Formerly Residents of Washing, ton. Publicly Warned not to Return to that City. GOLD AT 135 8-4.. THE MARgBTg. Etc., Demoralization of th*e Rebel Troop*. Baltimore, May 9, 1865. —A gentleman who has just arrived here from North Caro lina reports that the rebel troops surrendered by Gen. Johnston are greatlp demoralized and nearly beyond the control of their offi cers, who are striving to march them to their respective States. The officers have become the objects of intense ham, and it is as much as their lives are worth to venture aVv&y from the lines. Quite a number have been mur dered by their soldiers, who seem to be tempted to murder them to get possession iff the small sum 9 of specie which the officers are understood to possess. The rebel soldies express intense feeling against Jeff. Davis and the various members of his Cabinet, and there is no doubt that if he or any of the leaders of the rebellion fall into their hands they will fare badly. At last accounts our cavalry were iu vigorous pursuit of Jeff. Greensboro, N. C., May 4, 1865. General Johnston Taking Leave of tils Staff. This morning Gen. Joseph E. Johnston broke up his headquarters near this place, bade farewell to the members of his staff, except his personal aids, and proceeded to Charlotte. The scene was an affecting one, all who witnessed it regarded it in that light. In the midst of a wood, at a distance of two miles from Greensboro, were a few tents, some wagons and a number of horses. No longer the headquarters’ guard paced to and fro. There was no bustle, and no excite ment ; no hasty utterances and startling ex-, clamations; none of the liveliness pertaining to active field service. The countenances and actions both of officers and orderlies be spoke an occupation gone. Soon after sun rise the General and staff rose and partook of a frugal meal. A camp chest served them for a table, and the ground was used in lieu of chairs. The .dishes were not of china, nor were the spoons and forks used of silver, but both were of the most inexpensive kind. The meal over, their appetites appeased, orders were given and received, the tents struck, and personal property packed, the wagons loaded, and everything got iu readi ness to he moved. This accomplished, the General gathered his staff around him and made a fsw re marks. He thanked them for ther services, the aid they had rendered him, and hoped the future would be brighter that the present and the past. Few as the words and actions were, they embraced the parting scene. By noon the wagons moved, and the General and those of his staff who proposed to jour ney his way, placed their horses and baggage on the cars and left for Charlotte, and as they did so the headquarters of the Rebel Airay of the Tennessee ceased to have an exist ence—commencing its journey to history and posterity. Gen. Johnston in manner is dignified and affable; in conversation, easy and agreeable; and in personal appearance, attractive. His ability as a soldier and. a scholar is eminent. Law and Order in North Carolina. The following orders, looking to the res toration of law and order in this State and the reopening of the various line 3 of railroad, have been issued by Major-General Schofield: Headquarters, Dept, of N. C.,) Army of the Ohio, >• Raleigh, N. C., May 4, 1865. ) General Orders, ) No. 35. j Major-General J. D. Cox, with his own corps and two brigades of General Kilpat rick’S cavalry, wilt occupy Greensboro, Salisbury, Charlotte and such other points as he may deem necessary, and take care cf the western part of the State. Major-General A H. Terry, with his own corps and one brigade of General Kilpatrick’s cavalry, will occupy Raleigh, Goldsboro, Fayetteville and such other poiu's as he may deem necessary, aud take care of the central portion of the State. Brigadier-Generals Palmer and Hawley will command the coast district as heretofore. The troops will visit all parts of the State, disperse or capture all bands of guerillas and marauders, and collect all military arm 9 (other than the side arms of paroled officers) which may be found in the State. The corps and district commanders will, as soon as practicable, send to each county under their jurisdiction a discreet officer, with a sufficient force to organize a small company of the most responsible loyal citi zens to serve as police force until further or ders. As far as necessary the companies so organized will l»e furnished with the captur ed arms aud ammunition,but will receive no compensation for their services. All the members will be required to take the oath of allegiance to the government of the United States, and an oath to preserve the peace, . prevent crime, and arrest criminals as far as practicable within their country, and to obey all lawful orders of the United States military authorities. Criminals arrested by the police companies will be sent to the nearest military post for tri al,hy military commission. A full statement of the crime and the names of witnesses must be sent with prisoners in each case. By order of Major Gen. Schofield, J. A. Campbell, Lieut. Col. and Ass’t Adjt. General. General Order* No. 30. Hd'qrs. Dpt. of N. Carolina,) Army of the Ohio, Raleigh, N C. May 4. / The railroads and telegraph lines from Raleigh to Goldsboro, Wilmington and More head City, and the telegraph lines from Ral eigh to Fayetteville, Weldon, and Greensboro will be held as military lines under exclu sive military control. Other railroads and telegraph lines in tlie- State may be worked by the private corpora tions now having possession of them, under such general military regulations and re strictions as it may be found necessary to impose. ' ■ k All officers and employees of railroads and telegraph lines will be required to take the oath of allegiance to the government of the United States, and will he held a tenable to the military authorities for the proper dis charge of their duties. The Presidents or Superintendents of Railroad Companies w’ill confer with Colonel J. F. Boyd, Chief Quar termaster, at Raleigh, who is employed to make the necessary regulations. For the present and until further orders, no travel or trafic will be permitted on any railroad except under proper military permits. By command of Major General Schofield. J. A. Campbell, Lieut Col. and Asst Adj. Gen. Th« Mexican Kjnigration. The Mexican emigration excitement in creases. The office for the enrollment of the •aiames of those designing to join in the move ment, at tlie corner of Howard and Crosby streets, was again crowded by applicants yes terday, and two other offices of the Same kind will be opened to the city to-day. There is a great rush of discharged army officers and soldiers to enlist, and hundreds have a - placed their names on the hooks. The Mexican General Ortego, who is understood to he at the head of the enterprise, is repre sented as nighly delighted at the successful manner in which his plans are being prose cuted. He yesterday left this city for Wash ington, to he absent about a week, to attend, as is supposed, to official business there in furtherance of this grand emigration scheme. It is reported that large sums of money to forward it have been subscribed in the West, and that twenty-five thousand men are to be raised there, to be commanded by General Rosecrans, and that it is highly probable that when all the different divisions of the expe dition arrive in Sonora he will be made com mander-in-chief. - The National Authority Reasserted In * Virginia. President Johnson has issued an official order for the restoration ot nationat author ity over Virginia, declaring null aud void all acts and proceedings under the late rebel rule, and recognizing Gov. Pierpont as the legal Executive of the State. The| Rebel Cruiser*--Foreign Nation* Warned Against Harboring Them. The President has issued a proclamation enjoining upon all military, naval aud civil officers of the government, in consideration of the fact that the' rebellion is now ended, additional dilligeuce in efforts to capture the remaining rebel cruisers afloat. He al9o saya. that if, after this proclamation 9ball become known in foreign ports, these cruisers receive hospitality there, proper retaliatory measures will be resorted to against the ships of those nations which extend such hospitality to these piratical vessels. » Au Important Cabinet Meeting. Another Cabinet meeting of several hours duration took place yesterday, in which the subjects of an extension of trade facilities in the Southern States, reconstruction and ne gro suffrage'were, all under consideration;, but no definite settlement of either of the matters’was arrived at. Trial of the lumilim. The court for the trial of the Washington assassination conspirators convened yester day. Notwithstanding the statements that the proceedings would be public, their com mencement was yesterday conducted with closed doors. We are therefore without much intelligence as to what was done. Ilie prisoners were arraigned, ami on being asked to name their counsel, Harold, Atzerot, . Payne, Arnold, McLaughlin, Mudd and Mrs. Surratt gave the names ot the gentlemen whom they had selected. The other prison ers expressed no choice. Keoc4 uuutioii of Montgomery and Selma by Union Troop*. A New Orleans despatch states that Mont gomery, Aia,, was occupied on the 25th ult. by General Andrew Jackson. Smith, and Selma, Ala., cn the 17th ult. by General Steele. Both these places were captur. and a few weeks ago by the Union General Wllao >, during his grind cavalry raid through Ala bama ; but probably- when he moved off eastward into Georgia some detachmen tof straggling rebels came in again and took poa- PRICE. 5 CENTS session, for the purpose of plundering the inhabitants. Both General Smith's and General Steele's commands, being the Six - teenth aud Seventh army corps, took part in the siege ot Mobije; and, now that their services are no longer needed there, they ap • year to be looking after the scattered bands of rebels in the country to the northward of that city. Dick Taylor. A Washiug‘oa telegram in yesterday s Herald announced that the government had intelligence of the surrender of the rebel General Dick Taylor's army to General Can- , by, on the same terms necorded to Lee and and Johnston by Generals Graut and Siier inan. A New Orleans despatch of the 3d instant states that Generals Cunby and Taylor met fifteen miles from Mobile, when negotia tions were opened, and that Taylor was allowed some days to decide; hut it was be lieved that he finally acceded to the terms offered. Union Display In Richmond. The streets of tbfe late rebel capital were on Saturday last the scene of a magnificent an<f inspiring military pageant, illustrative of the power aud grandeur of our great repub lic, and the valor and indomitable persever ance of its voluntary defenders. Two corps of the Army of the Potomac—the" Second and Fifth—on that day enjoyed the highly appreciated privilege of marching through the city towards the capture of which their brave efforts for four had been directed, on their triumphal route to Washington. The Second and Fifth corps were received in Richmond by the Twenty-fourth corps, and the moving column presented a splendid ar ray of fitty thousand men, whose steady lines, faultless inarching, blight bayonets glistening in the sunlight, battle torn and war stained flags, and ail the paraphernalia of a great army, formed a spectacle'not soon to be forgotten by the beholders. Th» Fourteenth and Seventeenth Corps. The Fourteenth and Seventeenth corps, of General Sherman’s army, arrived at Man chester, on the James river, opposite Rich : mond, from Raleigh, on last Monday. * Johnston’s Troop*. The lebel troops left Greensboro for their various homes iu a state of the most com plete demoralization, nearly all control over them seeming to be lost by their officers. General Johnston’s farewell order was is sued on the 27th ult. j . Surrender of More Rebels. §? About one hundred and fifty rebels, lately belonging to the command of Major Ganeral Cooper, surrendered to General Sanburn at Springfield, Missouri, ou last Saturday, and took the oath of allegiance to the govern ment. Numbers of the rebel General Price’s men, are also coming in, surrendering and taking the oath. :i ', Order from the Secretary of the Treasury. An important order was received yester day by Collector Draper, of tUis diy, from Secretary of the Treasury, McCulloch. It states that'the “three per cent fee on.jgoods going, to the insurrectionary States is abol ished. Such transportation is hereafter free.” The Harris Court Martial; ' In the Harris court martial in Washington yesterday some testimony for the accused was taken, which, however, did not appear to be of great importance. The Judge Advocate offered in evidence the orders, of General Grant relative to the disposition to be made of paroled rebel soldiers. Mr. Harris entered his protest against the admission of military orders as evidence, and the court then ad journed until to-morrow (Thursday.) to give the prisoner time to prepare his defence. Rebel* not to Return to Washington City. « - An assemblage of fifteen handled persona took place at Washington last - night, at which speeches were made and resolutions adopted designed to prevent the return to the District of Columbia of former residents who left there at the commencement of the rebellion and joined the rebel army. An ex cited debate took place in the Washington City Councils on Monday night over a reso lution warning these men against returning |o that city. Gold and tb* Market*. The stock market was unsettled and lower yesterday. Gold was weak, and closed at 136 5-8, after selling down to 136 3-4. Gov ments were firm. > , The “tumbling down" in gold, and the rain storm combined had the effect of completely unsettling the merchandise markets yester day, of rendering prices of nearly all kinds of merchandise nominal. The transactions were generally at some concession from Monday’s prices. Cotton was less active and 1 l-2c. per lb. lower. Petroleum was firm and more active. Groceries were lower, On ’Change flour was quite active, but 10c. lower. Wheat was nominelly lc. a 2c. lower, while corn declined 2c. a 3c., with nothing doing. Oats were in limited demand and sc. a Bc. lower. Pork was heavy, with, however, a fair de mand. gees was steady/while lard was firm but quiet* Freights were dqll but quiet Freights were dull and rates were entirely nominal. Whiskey declined. l-2c., With a limited business transacted. Signs of a Return to Specie Payments.— The Philadelphia Telegraph says : The decline in gold has taught shopkeepers and others the unprofitableness of longer boarding pennies and small silver change, in ■ the expectation that they can make a hand some percentage by selling such currency to the brokers. Pennies are nearly as plenty as ever, while tliree-ceut pieces and a few fives have made their appearance. We look upon thiYas a sign of a gradual return to specie payments. We know of several cases wliieh occurred in market on Saturday last, where countrymen gave three cent pieces in change, being fully convinced that it was no longer worth the trouble to hoard them. up. The day will yet come when greenbacks will L* at a par, and gold and silver a drug in the market, as they were in times of-old. Henry Taine says that two nations inhabit France. '“The one dines, sleeps,* yawns, listens and dwells in Paris; the other thinks, acta, watches, talks and inhabits the prov inces. The latter is led captive by the form er, like a snail by a butterfly.” . .