Savannah daily herald. (Savannah, Ga.) 1865-1866, May 16, 1865, Image 1

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    SAVANNAH DAILY HERALD.
YOL. 1-NO. 103.
The Savannah Daily Herald
fMOKNING AND. EVENING;
18 FOCUSSED BY
(3. W. MAHON «fc CO.,
At 111 Bay Street, Savannah, Georgia,
techs:
Per Copy Five Cent*.
Per Hundred $3 60.
Per Year $lO 00.
advertising:
Two Dollars per -Square of Ten Lines Tor first in
sertion : Ono Dollar for each subsequent one. Ad
vertisements inserted in the morning, will. If desired,
appear in the evening without extra charge.
JOB PRINTING,
In every style, neatly and promptly done.
PROSPECTS OF THE FUTURE COTTON
SUPPLY.
Under this caption the London Economist,
a work of high reputation, publishes some
estimates of the probable future supply of
cotton in England, of value to all who deal
in the article. He sets out with the follow
ing statement of the stocks on hand at the
dates respectively annexed:
Bales*
Ist January, 1861 700,000
“ 1862..... 434,000
“ 1863 .328,000
“ 1864 675.000
Ist April, 1865 700,000
This, at the present rate of consumption
and export, will last for nearly twenty weeks.
Great anxiety, it is stated by the wrrter,hangs
over the question of future supply. •
“It is by no means improbable, unless
great camion is exercised, that we may fall
very short of cotton in 1866 and 1867, and
that the fluctuations in price may be as great
and mischievous as any we have hitherto
experienced. The fall that has already taken
place has been such as, if not materially to
check production, at least greatly to alarm
producers and to discourage the vast efforts
recently made to grow cotton wherever it
can he grown; while the expectation of a
still further drop tends to prevent consump
tion keeping pace with supply.
“China and Japan, which last year sent us
fifty-two million pounds, will cease to send
us any at all. Secondly, Bengal, and to a
certain extent, Madras, which last year sent
us between them three hundred and fifty
thousand bales, will ship to China (as they
used to do) instead of to England, and will
at once stop any unusual growth into which
our high prices may have tempted them.—
Thirdly. The Turkish supply, which has
only recently become at all important and re
liable, will again become precarious. Fourth
ly. Egypt and Brazil will have a tendency
to fall hack to their old moderate supply—
say two hundred thousand bales, as in 1860,
instead of four hundred and sixty thousand
baies, as in 1864—just in proportion as prices
tend back to their old level. Fifthly. The
western and northwestern provinces of India
(which, like Egypt, have greatly Increased
the average breadth of land under cotWn.and
have suffered iuconvenience fiom the dimin
ished production of food which was a con
sequent upon the change), will gradually fall
back upen their old habits, and be more like
ly to send us three-quarters of a million of
hales than a million and a quarter, on which
some persons calculated for 1865.”
The writer estimates the stock of cotton
now in the-United States at one million of
hales. He contends that after peace is re
stored it will take a considerable time before
the scattered population be re-collected and
labor reorganized. *
We will assume—what, however, many
persons would refuse to admit—that nearly
all the residual negro population in the cot
ton States will again be set to that special
cultivation, either under compulsion or in
ducements of some kind. We will admit all
the suppositions most favorable to a large
and prompt supply. Still, in any case, no
fresh cotton worth mentioning can reach this
country in less than eight months after the
next seed-time subsequent to the restoration
of peace and order. The seed-time of this
year is past. Granting that the war is over
in July, that plantations are restored to their
owners, that the healing and reorganizing
processes are at once entered upon with
the marvellous enterprise and vigor which
characterize our transatlantic brethren—
gtill, it will be February, 1866, before
the new crop can he sown, and Octo
ber and November before it can reach
England in any quantities. And when it is
ready to come, we may safely calculate upon
three things—all of which ought to moderate
our expectations. First', that the crop of the
first year, and perhaps even of the second,
will not be like the former oue9, three or
three and a half millions of bales, but not
more than two millions at the outside—con
sidering bow many of the plantations have
been ruined, and how large a proportion of
the negro population has been dispersed or
died. Secondly, that of this moderate crop
the Americans themselves will want proba
bly one-third at least. And, thirdly, that the
cotton will cost more to grow than it did be
fore the great convulsion, and before it
reaches us will be burdened by an export
duty of three pence or four pence in the
pound ; so that instead of being laid down in
Liverpool at six pence a pound, and yielding
a good profit at that price, it will probably
cost from ten pence to one shilling. •
’{'he “writer concludes with asserting that
’ sooner or later, no dqubt, as we have always
said, the United States will beat all other cot
ton-growing countries out of the market,
with the exception of moderate supplies or
special qualities from Bombay, Egypt and
Brazil; hut it will he later and not 9ooner,
and \ve need not augment the catastrophe
hy anticipating-it.” -
A French feuilletonist says Patti has an
“angelic mouth, where the honey of senti
ment and song is ever hived." Does he mean
that our little girl is a “cell.”
California paper-dealers are about intro
ducing paper-making machinery into China,
to take advantage of the fine stock to be
found there in the fibre of the bamboo and
mulberry trees.
The Poet Bryant's Offering. —At the
meeting on Tuesday in Union Square the
two poems appended, written by Wm Cul
len Bryant for the occasion, were read.—
They exhibit evidence that the poet loses
nothing of his power or sweetness in song
with his increasing years:
A Tribute to Abraham Lincoln.
Oh I slow to smite, and swift to spare—
Gentle, and merciful and ju*t.
Who, in the fear of God didst bear
The e-.verd of power—a nation’s trust l
In sorrow by the bier we stand.
Amid the awe that hushes all,
And speak the anguish of a land
That shook with horror at thy fad,
Thy task is done; the bond are free:
We bear thee to an honored grave,
Whose noblest monument shall be
The broken fetters of the slave!
v
Pure was thv life ; its bloody clo e
Hath placed thee with the souls of light—
Amoug the noble noble host of those
Who perished In the cause of Bight!
“THOU HAST PUT ALL THINGS UNDER HIS
FEET.”
Oh, North 1 with all thy vales of green 1
Oh, South! with all thy palms!
From peopled towns and fields between,
L pll;t the voice of psalms.
Raise, ancient East, the anthem high.
And let the youthful West reply.
Lo I in the clouds of Heaven appears
God’s well beloved son:
He brings a train of brighter years,
His kingdom Is begun.
He comes, a guilty world to bless.
With mercy, truth and righteousness.
O! Father, haste the promised hour,
When at his feet shall lie,
All role, authority and power,
Beneath the ample sky.
W hen He shall reign from pole to pole,
The Lord of every human soul.
Recovery From the Effects of War.—.
John' Stuart Mill, in alluding to the surprise
often expressed at the rapidity with which
a country will recover from the effects of
war, says:
“There is nothing at all wonderful In the
matter. What the enemy have destroyed
would have been destroyed in a little while
by the inhabitants themselves; the wealth
which they so rapidly reproduce would have
needed to be reproduced, and would have
been reproduced in any case, and probably
in a9 short a time.
Nothing is changed, except that during the
reproduction they have not now the advan
tage of consuming what had been produced
previously. The possibility of a rapid re
pair of their disasters mainly depends on
w r hether the country lias been depopulated.
If its effective population have not been ex
tirpated at the time, and are not starved af
terward, then with the same skill and knowl
edge which they had before, with their land
and its permanent improvements uildestroyed,
and the more durable buildings probably
unimpared or only partially injured, they
have nearly all the requisites for their former
amount of production. If there is as much
of food left to them, or of valuables to buy
food, as enables them by Shy amount ot pri
vation to remain alive aud in a working con
dition, they will in a short time have raised
as great a produce, aud acquired collectively
as great wealth, and as great a capital as be
fore, hy the mere continuance of that ordi
nary amount of exertion which they are
accustomed to employ in their occupations.”
In commenting on this statement the
Boston Journal makes the following just re
marks, between which and some remarks
made by us recently, there is a striking coin
cidence.
“In applying this sentiment or principle to
the South, it must be admitted that the white
male population has been essentially reduc
ed. But still, as the chief labor was per
formed by the blacks, if they remain, as
most of them probably will, there will be
no failure on tliis score that cannot be sup
plied by the great immigration that will un
doubtedly set iu to the South very soon. The
problem is to carry the people through this
present year. The planting season has
already come, and will not last much longer.
Some of the planters have cotton enough to
buy seed, implements and other requisites,
and hire labor (that is no longer to be bought)
sufficient for the season’s work. But, iu the
great majority of cases, there must be a ter
rible lack of means. Nothing can he done
without supplies advanced on ilie security of
the coming crops. Parties at the North are
ready to buy what the South has to sell now
and to advance on the future strength of its
ability to pay. This brings up the question
of the trade regulations which is now troub
ling the President and his Cabinet. It has
many points of difficulty, affecting the whole
subject of confiscation and hearing upon the
general pacification of the once seceded
States; hut we trust it will be settled ulti
mately to the benefit of all parties.”
Retrenchment. —The following practical
suggestions with regard to retrenchment are
made in the N. Y. Times:
“It is believed that within a week one hun
dred and fifty thousand men could be muster
ed out of the military service, without the
least detriment to the public interest. No
doubt, from fifty to one hundred steamers
and sailing vessels could be at once with
drawn from the naval service and soli for the
purposes of commerce,and thousands of sail
ors be dismissed. Great numbers of orders
and contracts can be recalled,tor, in all prob
ability, the Government has supplies anjl am
munition ahead lor at least six months. The
whole drafting and volunteer machinery
might at once be given up. Since the issu
ance ot the orders from the War Department
referred to above, the general expenses of the
government, especially os regatds military
administration, have been very greatly cur
tailed, but still we believe that within a week
Government could with perfect safety yet
reduce its expenses by or.* million a day.—
What an immense relief would this at once
be to the great population of consumers, who
have no interest in contracts, but who feel
the war heavily in taxes and depreciated cur
rency and high prices of labor.”
In whatsoever house yon enter, remain
master of your eyes and your tongue.
SA.VANNAH, GA., TUESDAY, MAY 16, 1865.
ONE DAT LA?ER FROM NEW
YORK.
Dates of the.loth Instant.
Demoralization of the Rebel
Troops—A Number of their
Officers Murdered.
GEY. JOHNSTON TAKES LEAVE
OF HIS STAFF.
Orders for the Restoration of
Law and Order in North Caro
lina.
FrRTHEB PARTICULARS OF THE MEXICAN
EMIGRATION.
Order from the Dissident Establish
ing National Authority in Vir
ginia. #
Extension of Trddc Facilities in
the Southern States.
The Court for the Trial of the
Assassins now iu Session—The
Doors Closed Thus Far. ~
Montgomery and Selma, Alai, Oc
cupied by Union Troops.
SUIt&BNDSB. OF DICK TAY
LOR CONFIRMED.
Price’s Men Coining In and Taking the
Oath.
The Harris Cpifi’t Martial.
Rebels, Formerly Residents of Washing,
ton. Publicly Warned not to Return to
that City.
GOLD AT 135 8-4..
THE MARgBTg. Etc.,
Demoralization of th*e Rebel Troop*.
Baltimore, May 9, 1865. —A gentleman
who has just arrived here from North Caro
lina reports that the rebel troops surrendered
by Gen. Johnston are greatlp demoralized
and nearly beyond the control of their offi
cers, who are striving to march them to their
respective States. The officers have become
the objects of intense ham, and it is as much
as their lives are worth to venture aVv&y from
the lines. Quite a number have been mur
dered by their soldiers, who seem to be
tempted to murder them to get possession iff
the small sum 9 of specie which the officers
are understood to possess. The rebel soldies
express intense feeling against Jeff. Davis
and the various members of his Cabinet, and
there is no doubt that if he or any of the
leaders of the rebellion fall into their hands
they will fare badly. At last accounts our
cavalry were iu vigorous pursuit of Jeff.
Greensboro, N. C., May 4, 1865.
General Johnston Taking Leave of tils
Staff.
This morning Gen. Joseph E. Johnston
broke up his headquarters near this place,
bade farewell to the members of his staff,
except his personal aids, and proceeded to
Charlotte. The scene was an affecting one,
all who witnessed it regarded it in that light.
In the midst of a wood, at a distance of two
miles from Greensboro, were a few tents,
some wagons and a number of horses. No
longer the headquarters’ guard paced to and
fro. There was no bustle, and no excite
ment ; no hasty utterances and startling ex-,
clamations; none of the liveliness pertaining
to active field service. The countenances
and actions both of officers and orderlies be
spoke an occupation gone. Soon after sun
rise the General and staff rose and partook
of a frugal meal. A camp chest served them
for a table, and the ground was used in lieu
of chairs. The .dishes were not of china,
nor were the spoons and forks used of silver,
but both were of the most inexpensive kind.
The meal over, their appetites appeased,
orders were given and received, the tents
struck, and personal property packed, the
wagons loaded, and everything got iu readi
ness to he moved.
This accomplished, the General gathered
his staff around him and made a fsw re
marks. He thanked them for ther services,
the aid they had rendered him, and hoped
the future would be brighter that the present
and the past. Few as the words and actions
were, they embraced the parting scene. By
noon the wagons moved, and the General
and those of his staff who proposed to jour
ney his way, placed their horses and baggage
on the cars and left for Charlotte, and as they
did so the headquarters of the Rebel Airay
of the Tennessee ceased to have an exist
ence—commencing its journey to history and
posterity.
Gen. Johnston in manner is dignified and
affable; in conversation, easy and agreeable;
and in personal appearance, attractive. His
ability as a soldier and. a scholar is eminent.
Law and Order in North Carolina.
The following orders, looking to the res
toration of law and order in this State and
the reopening of the various line 3 of railroad,
have been issued by Major-General Schofield:
Headquarters, Dept, of N. C.,)
Army of the Ohio, >•
Raleigh, N. C., May 4, 1865. )
General Orders, )
No. 35. j
Major-General J. D. Cox, with his own
corps and two brigades of General Kilpat
rick’S cavalry, wilt occupy Greensboro,
Salisbury, Charlotte and such other points as
he may deem necessary, and take care cf
the western part of the State.
Major-General A H. Terry, with his own
corps and one brigade of General Kilpatrick’s
cavalry, will occupy Raleigh, Goldsboro,
Fayetteville and such other poiu's as he may
deem necessary, aud take care of the central
portion of the State.
Brigadier-Generals Palmer and Hawley
will command the coast district as heretofore.
The troops will visit all parts of the State,
disperse or capture all bands of guerillas and
marauders, and collect all military arm 9
(other than the side arms of paroled officers)
which may be found in the State.
The corps and district commanders will,
as soon as practicable, send to each county
under their jurisdiction a discreet officer,
with a sufficient force to organize a small
company of the most responsible loyal citi
zens to serve as police force until further or
ders. As far as necessary the companies so
organized will l»e furnished with the captur
ed arms aud ammunition,but will receive no
compensation for their services.
All the members will be required to take
the oath of allegiance to the government of
the United States, and an oath to preserve
the peace, . prevent crime, and arrest
criminals as far as practicable within their
country, and to obey all lawful orders of the
United States military authorities.
Criminals arrested by the police companies
will be sent to the nearest military post for tri
al,hy military commission. A full statement of
the crime and the names of witnesses must
be sent with prisoners in each case.
By order of Major Gen. Schofield,
J. A. Campbell,
Lieut. Col. and Ass’t Adjt. General.
General Order* No. 30.
Hd'qrs. Dpt. of N. Carolina,)
Army of the Ohio, Raleigh, N C. May 4. /
The railroads and telegraph lines from
Raleigh to Goldsboro, Wilmington and More
head City, and the telegraph lines from Ral
eigh to Fayetteville, Weldon, and Greensboro
will be held as military lines under exclu
sive military control.
Other railroads and telegraph lines in tlie-
State may be worked by the private corpora
tions now having possession of them, under
such general military regulations and re
strictions as it may be found necessary to
impose. ' ■ k
All officers and employees of railroads and
telegraph lines will be required to take the
oath of allegiance to the government of the
United States, and will he held a tenable to
the military authorities for the proper dis
charge of their duties. The Presidents or
Superintendents of Railroad Companies w’ill
confer with Colonel J. F. Boyd, Chief Quar
termaster, at Raleigh, who is employed to
make the necessary regulations.
For the present and until further orders,
no travel or trafic will be permitted on any
railroad except under proper military permits.
By command of
Major General Schofield.
J. A. Campbell, Lieut Col. and Asst Adj.
Gen.
Th« Mexican Kjnigration.
The Mexican emigration excitement in
creases. The office for the enrollment of the
•aiames of those designing to join in the move
ment, at tlie corner of Howard and Crosby
streets, was again crowded by applicants yes
terday, and two other offices of the Same
kind will be opened to the city to-day. There
is a great rush of discharged army officers
and soldiers to enlist, and hundreds have a
- placed their names on the hooks. The
Mexican General Ortego, who is understood
to he at the head of the enterprise, is repre
sented as nighly delighted at the successful
manner in which his plans are being prose
cuted. He yesterday left this city for Wash
ington, to he absent about a week, to attend,
as is supposed, to official business there in
furtherance of this grand emigration scheme.
It is reported that large sums of money to
forward it have been subscribed in the West,
and that twenty-five thousand men are to be
raised there, to be commanded by General
Rosecrans, and that it is highly probable that
when all the different divisions of the expe
dition arrive in Sonora he will be made com
mander-in-chief. -
The National Authority Reasserted In
* Virginia.
President Johnson has issued an official
order for the restoration ot nationat author
ity over Virginia, declaring null aud void
all acts and proceedings under the late
rebel rule, and recognizing Gov. Pierpont as
the legal Executive of the State.
The| Rebel Cruiser*--Foreign Nation*
Warned Against Harboring Them.
The President has issued a proclamation
enjoining upon all military, naval aud civil
officers of the government, in consideration
of the fact that the' rebellion is now ended,
additional dilligeuce in efforts to capture the
remaining rebel cruisers afloat. He al9o saya.
that if, after this proclamation 9ball become
known in foreign ports, these cruisers receive
hospitality there, proper retaliatory measures
will be resorted to against the ships of those
nations which extend such hospitality to
these piratical vessels. »
Au Important Cabinet Meeting.
Another Cabinet meeting of several hours
duration took place yesterday, in which the
subjects of an extension of trade facilities in
the Southern States, reconstruction and ne
gro suffrage'were, all under consideration;,
but no definite settlement of either of the
matters’was arrived at.
Trial of the lumilim.
The court for the trial of the Washington
assassination conspirators convened yester
day. Notwithstanding the statements that
the proceedings would be public, their com
mencement was yesterday conducted with
closed doors. We are therefore without
much intelligence as to what was done. Ilie
prisoners were arraigned, ami on being asked
to name their counsel, Harold, Atzerot, .
Payne, Arnold, McLaughlin, Mudd and Mrs.
Surratt gave the names ot the gentlemen
whom they had selected. The other prison
ers expressed no choice.
Keoc4 uuutioii of Montgomery and Selma
by Union Troop*.
A New Orleans despatch states that Mont
gomery, Aia,, was occupied on the 25th ult.
by General Andrew Jackson. Smith, and
Selma, Ala., cn the 17th ult. by General
Steele. Both these places were captur. and a
few weeks ago by the Union General Wllao >,
during his grind cavalry raid through Ala
bama ; but probably- when he moved off
eastward into Georgia some detachmen tof
straggling rebels came in again and took poa-
PRICE. 5 CENTS
session, for the purpose of plundering the
inhabitants. Both General Smith's and
General Steele's commands, being the Six -
teenth aud Seventh army corps, took part in
the siege ot Mobije; and, now that their
services are no longer needed there, they ap •
year to be looking after the scattered bands
of rebels in the country to the northward of
that city.
Dick Taylor.
A Washiug‘oa telegram in yesterday s
Herald announced that the government had
intelligence of the surrender of the rebel
General Dick Taylor's army to General Can- ,
by, on the same terms necorded to Lee and
and Johnston by Generals Graut and Siier
inan. A New Orleans despatch of the 3d
instant states that Generals Cunby and Taylor
met fifteen miles from Mobile, when negotia
tions were opened, and that Taylor was
allowed some days to decide; hut it was be
lieved that he finally acceded to the terms
offered.
Union Display In Richmond.
The streets of tbfe late rebel capital were
on Saturday last the scene of a magnificent
an<f inspiring military pageant, illustrative of
the power aud grandeur of our great repub
lic, and the valor and indomitable persever
ance of its voluntary defenders. Two corps
of the Army of the Potomac—the" Second
and Fifth—on that day enjoyed the highly
appreciated privilege of marching through the
city towards the capture of which their brave
efforts for four had been directed, on
their triumphal route to Washington. The
Second and Fifth corps were received in
Richmond by the Twenty-fourth corps, and
the moving column presented a splendid ar
ray of fitty thousand men, whose steady
lines, faultless inarching, blight bayonets
glistening in the sunlight, battle torn and
war stained flags, and ail the paraphernalia
of a great army, formed a spectacle'not soon
to be forgotten by the beholders.
Th» Fourteenth and Seventeenth Corps.
The Fourteenth and Seventeenth corps, of
General Sherman’s army, arrived at Man
chester, on the James river, opposite Rich
: mond, from Raleigh, on last Monday. *
Johnston’s Troop*.
The lebel troops left Greensboro for their
various homes iu a state of the most com
plete demoralization, nearly all control over
them seeming to be lost by their officers.
General Johnston’s farewell order was is
sued on the 27th ult.
j . Surrender of More Rebels.
§? About one hundred and fifty rebels, lately
belonging to the command of Major Ganeral
Cooper, surrendered to General Sanburn at
Springfield, Missouri, ou last Saturday, and
took the oath of allegiance to the govern
ment. Numbers of the rebel General Price’s
men, are also coming in, surrendering and
taking the oath. :i ',
Order from the Secretary of the Treasury.
An important order was received yester
day by Collector Draper, of tUis diy, from
Secretary of the Treasury, McCulloch. It
states that'the “three per cent fee on.jgoods
going, to the insurrectionary States is abol
ished. Such transportation is hereafter free.”
The Harris Court Martial; '
In the Harris court martial in Washington
yesterday some testimony for the accused was
taken, which, however, did not appear to be
of great importance. The Judge Advocate
offered in evidence the orders, of General
Grant relative to the disposition to be made
of paroled rebel soldiers. Mr. Harris entered
his protest against the admission of military
orders as evidence, and the court then ad
journed until to-morrow (Thursday.) to give
the prisoner time to prepare his defence.
Rebel* not to Return to Washington
City. « -
An assemblage of fifteen handled persona
took place at Washington last - night, at
which speeches were made and resolutions
adopted designed to prevent the return to
the District of Columbia of former residents
who left there at the commencement of the
rebellion and joined the rebel army. An ex
cited debate took place in the Washington
City Councils on Monday night over a reso
lution warning these men against returning
|o that city.
Gold and tb* Market*.
The stock market was unsettled and lower
yesterday. Gold was weak, and closed at
136 5-8, after selling down to 136 3-4. Gov
ments were firm. > ,
The “tumbling down" in gold, and the rain
storm combined had the effect of completely
unsettling the merchandise markets yester
day, of rendering prices of nearly all kinds of
merchandise nominal. The transactions were
generally at some concession from Monday’s
prices. Cotton was less active and 1 l-2c.
per lb. lower. Petroleum was firm and more
active. Groceries were lower, On ’Change
flour was quite active, but 10c. lower. Wheat
was nominelly lc. a 2c. lower, while corn
declined 2c. a 3c., with nothing doing. Oats
were in limited demand and sc. a Bc. lower.
Pork was heavy, with, however, a fair de
mand. gees was steady/while lard was firm
but quiet* Freights were dqll but quiet
Freights were dull and rates were entirely
nominal. Whiskey declined. l-2c., With a
limited business transacted.
Signs of a Return to Specie Payments.—
The Philadelphia Telegraph says :
The decline in gold has taught shopkeepers
and others the unprofitableness of longer
boarding pennies and small silver change, in
■ the expectation that they can make a hand
some percentage by selling such currency to
the brokers. Pennies are nearly as plenty as
ever, while tliree-ceut pieces and a few fives
have made their appearance. We look upon
thiYas a sign of a gradual return to specie
payments. We know of several cases wliieh
occurred in market on Saturday last, where
countrymen gave three cent pieces in change,
being fully convinced that it was no longer
worth the trouble to hoard them. up. The
day will yet come when greenbacks will L*
at a par, and gold and silver a drug in the
market, as they were in times of-old.
Henry Taine says that two nations inhabit
France. '“The one dines, sleeps,* yawns,
listens and dwells in Paris; the other thinks,
acta, watches, talks and inhabits the prov
inces. The latter is led captive by the form
er, like a snail by a butterfly.” . .