Savannah daily herald. (Savannah, Ga.) 1865-1866, June 22, 1865, Image 2

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Savannah daily herald., June 22, 1865, Image 2

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Newspaper Page TextThe Savannah Daily Herald. Sanscki W. M.Gon, ./•'**•' Euitok. ‘SAVANNAH. THI KSDAY, JUNE V*. IXiS. THE PRESIDENT’S PROCLAMATIONS. We publish to-day two important proela malions of President Johnson, a perusal ot i which will amply repay our readers. One i» for the removal of trade restrictions in the Southern States, and the other appoints James Johnson Provisional Governor ot the State ot j Georgia. The fact of the appointment ot Mr. Johnson as Provisional Governor ot this State was announced in our Extra ot Monday al temoon. New York papers ot the 18th re reived last night bring the proclamation of the President conferring the appointment, and putting in operation the proper measures for bringing about the reconstruction of the State. It will be seeu lhat the mode of reor ganizing the civil government of Georgia is j the same as that made use of in North Caro llua. A Provisional Governor is appointed who is to call a Convention of the loyal citi zens, which Convention is to provide for the fall organization of a State government, by the election of a Governor and Legislature. The (nullifications of elector «nd the eligi bility of persons to bold office are iett unre servedly to the Convention, when convened, and to the Legislature. The liberality of the policy of the Govern ! oient in this momentous matter cannot tail to I .dissipate whatever apprehension of unjust or oppressive treatment may still remaiu in the minds of the people. The proclamation removing the tax from cotton, together with other restrictions upon trade, is not less beneficent in its effects, and will be received with not leas rejoicing. LIGHT ONCE MORE. The vigorous co-operative efforts of Gen. Woodford, the City Council, and the Savan nah Gas Light Company are about to avail for the illumination of our City Streets once inore. Iu our columns this morning we pub lish an official order which directs the Gas Light Company to have the gas lamps of the eity pot into thorough repair, and to see that they are lighted every night, in order, as the General expresses it, ‘ ‘that goo and order may be Kept, and the personal safety of the people guaranteed'at night.’’ It is ordered that the lamps be lighted every evening from dusk till daylight, except on such nights as are al ready lighted by the moon, and even then, wheu the moon sets earlier than eleven o’clock, the lamps are to be lighted as on dark nights. That this new provision is an eminently wi6e one, we need hardly say. Those of our readers who' have, when detained late at nigl t from home by business engagements, been compelled to pass through some of our lonely parks, or deserted streets and who have then and there encountered garotters ai|d midnight highway robbers, .will most cordially agree with us when we say that to fight our streets well at night is to confer on the entire public a benefit lorpvhioh they can not be too thankful. A grateful city returns to the commanding General, to the City Council, and to the Gas Light Comp any its hearty thanks. SUCCESS OF THE GEORGIA DELEGATION IV WASHINGTON—THEIR INTERVIEW WITH E»TH£ PRESIDENT -HON. JAMES JOHNSON, DIR PROVISIONAL GDVERNOR Tup delegation from the State ot Georgia, which went on to \\ ashiugton to confer with the President with regard to the “ Recon struction ot this State, and its restoration to its loimer status in tlie Union, met with a most gracious reception from President John son, and fully achieved the objects of their Visit, as will be seen by the subjoined report of the New York Herald’s Washington cor- -respondent: The Georgia delegation, headed bv Judge Loehrane, had a dual interview with PreiTi •tent Johnson on the 17th, and obtained the appointment of Hon. James Johnson, of Co lumbus, Ga., as the Provisional Governor of the State. Mr. Johnson was born in North Carolina, but was raised in Georgia from boyhood; was a member of Congress in 1851 -and 1852, has occupied a prominent position at the bur ot the State ever wince, and has been noted 4br persistent, though quiet, op. position to the Jeff Davis government from its inception. During the war he rethsed all tees auii letainers from the rebel government and prominent rebel citizens, and in every way used his personal influence to discoun tenance and thwart the schemes of the rebel leaders. His selection for this impaitant po sition will, it is lielieved, he unanimously ap proved by all loyal GeorgtHtis. It is gener ally understood that Hon. John/Erskine, of Atlanta, who abandoned the confederacy and came North on Sherman’s occupation of that place, and has since resided in New York city, will be appointed Judge of the TT. States District Court lor the Stale of Georgia. Judge Loehrane will probably be elevated to the bench of the State Supreme Court. Hi3 voluminous decisions against the odious conscription ;tnd other infamous laws of the oonlederacy, recommend him powerfully for •the position. • T, be ,^ e ' e express themselves espe cially pleased with the straightforward man ?-Vi D ,^ie^r were considered • tll a, P s eSl(l * nt ’ i and , declttre the people of then- State not only willing, but eager, to re tum to their allegiance in good taith.and to do allin their power to maintain and establish • federal law in Georgia, including the aboli tion ot slavery. The Savannah delegation wish it stated that they have been misrepresented by Wash ington correspondents. They say that they have no desire to ptolong the existence of slavery in any portion of the Union for a day. They recognise and rejoice at the tact that the war has Anally ended that institu tion, anr. they are atixious that the States lately in rebellion’shall be reconstructed at « early a day as possible without it, Borne df tHcot nr favorable th the extcnfcienl>v , fb* elective frffiirhisc to tße negroes as so* i £ they arc sufficiently ed&- can-d to^xyi* 1 it understandlngly, dnd believe that |tie Union men Srftith will lie compel to go for it as a neces- RKSVLTivof” MACHINERY—INCREASE OP PRODI’CTIVK POWER. The woinjferful progress made in wealth within the lasi twenty years has lieeu attri buted to improvements in machinery. Until a recent period these improvements have been limited to manufactures. Watts, Ark wright, Ilariyreave, Crompton. Ac., have ef fected for tlieii country more real benefit than if a gold mine of boundless fertility had been discovered. At one period it was thought impossible to extend to the soil sim ilar improvements to what bad taken place in manufacturing processes. This has proved to be an error. Within the last, few years the power of invention has donoGor agricul ture. aided bv steam, nearly as flitch as had been effected for manufactures. According to a report made by the Com missioner of Agriculture for the United States in 18615, (referred to in an article in the At lantic Monthly,) the following official state ment in regard to two of the more modern implements of agriculture, Mr. Kennedy , in bis Census report ior 1860, informs us “that a threshing machine in Ohio, worked bv three men with some assistance from the farm hands, did the work of seventy flails, ami that thirty-three steam threshers- only were required to prepare for market the w heat crop of two counties in Ohio, which w ould have required the labor of forty thou sand men.” Here we have the secret of the increase of productive power in agriculture, notwithstanding the withdrawal of labor from this pursuit during the war. What has fortunately co-operated with this surprising progress in mechanical invention is the no less equal advance in Agricultural chemistry. The yvorld owes much of this advance to the genius and researches of Lie beg. His new applications of chemical science to the soil were again aided by those discoveries of guano in the islands of the South sea, which have proved a:; great bene fit to agriculture as the discoveries of gold on the shores of the Pacific have been to commerce and the arts. New chemical com binations as relates to Agriculture, with highly remunerative results, have been the consequence* The practical application* of these facts dis closes the secret of the rapid progress made in wealth within the two last decades which has excited astonishment among economists. As an illustration of this genera! tact, we cite the statistics of the United Kingdom. In 1810, at the close of the twenty-two years war with the French Republic and Empire, the British debt was #4205,000,000. The entir4 w ealth of the United Kingdom was then, ac cording to the received estimates, #3000,000,- 000. The charge per head upon her total population was #218,20 ; and the encum brance upon the total wealth of the nation 404-10 per cent, in the fifty years since the battle of Watterloo, her wealth has grown at a slow but steadily increasing rate from 2o percent, in the first, to 41 per cent., in the last ten years, that is, increasing In the first decade about $2,100,000,000, and iu the last quite $9,000,000,000. But a with the United States shows a much mote rapid increase iu wealth of the latter. In the first ten years of the debt-paying period, the wealth of the United States grew at the slow rale of twenty-five per cent; and in the next decade, which closed thelerm, at no more than forty-one per cent.; while the wealth of the loyal States increased be tween the years 1850 and JBl>o, just one him dred and twenty-six per cent.,—in amount no less a sum than #t>.000, 000,000, or quite dou ble the debt wc are now concerned to pro vide for The increase of the wealth of the entire Union, between tsunami 18:10, it would have required twenty years to double our wealth, and it new requires twenty years to double the wealth of Great Britain at the rate ot her increase in the last ten years ; but the loyal States doubled their wealth in eight years and a half of the last decade, and the rebel States even exceeded this ratio, ncreaa ing in the same time at the rate of nine per cent, and a fraction per annum, and doubling in a little less than eight years.”* 'l’he deduction is sufficiently obvious. If such has been the prodigious increase of pro ductive power in the United States—if such has been Hie results of labor-saving pro cesses—it will not be difficult to decide. Hon our great war debt is to be paid. the tract entitled “Hew i|,« National Debt can be (aid," leaned b.v .lav Cooke. The Wearing of routed, rat*- I’ntforma Prohibited. \\ e published to day in our advertising columns, an important communication from Lieut. Col. York, District Provost Marshal, to Capt. Cox, Post Provost Marshal, enclos ing and explaining a circular issued some time since,. prohibiting the wealing of any part of the so-called Confederate. uniform. Capi. Cox is directed to enforce this order, and will do so to the letter. We call this special iittoution to the matter for the benefit of all concerned. Teacher Wanted.— The Military Superin tendent. ot Free Schools will receive applica tions for positions as teachers in the Free Schools until Saturday, at his office in the school-building, corner of Charlton and Dray - ton streets. The Restoration of Georgia to the Tttioiii 1 President Johnson's Proclamation. Governor Appointed, Courts to he Opened. Taxes to lie Col lected, and Post Offices to be Opened. ’ * *■— ' ~ Official Announcement of the Appointment of Hon. James Johnson as Pro’ visional Governor. Whereas, the fourth section of the fourth article of the Constitution of the United States declares that the United States shall guarantee to every State in the Union a re publican form of government, and shall pro tect each of them against invasion aad do mestic violence; and w hereas, the President Os the United States is, by the Constitution, made Commander-in-ChieV of the army and navy, as well as chief civil executive officer of the United States, and is bound by solemn oath, faithfully to execute the office ot Presi dent of the United States, and to take care that the laws l*e faithlully executed ; and w hereas, the rebellion which has been waged by a portiou ot ttie people of the United States against the properly constituted au thorities of the government thereof in tne most violent and-revolting form, hut wiiose organized and armed forces have now been almost entirely overcome, has, in its revolu tionary progress, deprived the people of the Slate *of Georgia of all civil government; and whereas, it becomes necessary and pro per to carry out and enforce the obligations ot the United States to the people ot Geor gia in securing them in the enjoy r ment of a republican form of government; . Now, therefore, in obedience to the high and solemn duties imposed upon me by the constitution of the United States, and for the purpose of enabling the loyal people of said State to organizes State government, where by justice may be established, domestic tran quility restored and loyal citizens protected in alltlieir rights of life, liberty and proper ty, I Andrew Johnson, President of the Uni ted States, and Commander-in-Chief of the army aud navy of the United States, do here by appoint James Johnson, of Geor gia, Provisional Governor of the State of Georgia, whose duty it shall be, at the earliest practicable period, to prescribe such rules and regulations as may be necessary and proper for convening a convention com posed of delegates to be chosen by that por tion of the people of said State who are loyal to the United States, and no others, for the purpose of altering and amending the consti tut ion thAeof; and with authority to ever cise, within the fimits of said State, all the powers necessary and proper to enable such loyal people of the State of Georgia to restore said State to its constitutional rela tions to the federal government, and to pre sent such a republican form of State govern raent as will entitle the State to the guaran tee of the United States therefor, and its peo pie to protection by the United States against invasion, insurrection and domestic violence: Provided that in any, election that may be held hereafter for choosing delegates to any State convention, as aforesaid, no person shall be qualifi and as an elector, or shall be eligible as a member of such convention, un less he shall have previously taken and sub scribed the oath of amnesty, as set forth in the President's proclamation of May 29, A. D 1866, and is a voter qualified as prescrib ed by tbv constitution and laws of the State of Georgia, in force immediately before the 19th of January, A. D. 1861, tile date ot the so-called ordinance of secession. And the said convention, when convened, or the Legislature that may be thereafter assem bled, will prescribe the qualifications of the electors and the eligibility of persons to hold office under the constitution and laws of the Slate—a power the people of the several States composing the federal Union have rightfully exercised from the origin of the government to the present time. And Ido hereby direct: First- That the military commander of the department and all officers and persons in the military aud naval service aid and assist the said Provisional Governor in carrying into effect this proclamation; and they are en joined to abstain from in any way hindering, impeding or discouraging loyal people from the organization of a State government as herein authorized. Second —That the Secretary of State pro ceed to put in force all laws of the U. States, the administration whereof belongs to the State Department, applicable to the geo graphical limits aforesaid. Third— I That the Secretary of the Treasury proceed to nominate for appointment asses ors ot ta\(s* and collectors of customs and of internal revenue, and such other officers of the Treasury Department as are authorized by law, and put in execution the revenue laws of the United States within the geo graphical limits aforesaid. In making ap pointments the preference shall be given to qualified loyaj persons residing within the districts where their respective duties are to be performed. But if suitable residents of districts shall not be found, then persons re siding in other States or districts shall he ap pointed. Fourth— I That the Postmaster Geneial pro ceed to establish post offices and post routes, and put into execution the postal laws of the United States within said State, giving loyal residents the preference of appointment; but if suitable residents are not found, then to appoint agents, due., from other States. Fifth—That the. District Judge for the Jn ! dicial district in which Georgia is inclu ded, proceed to hold courts within said State iu accordance with the provisions of the act of (’pugress, and the At’orney General will instruct tbe proper officers to ‘libel and bring to judgment, confiscation and sale, property subject to couflscation, aud enforce the ad ministration ot justice within said State in all matters within the cognizance aud juris diction of the federal courts. Sixth—That the Secretary of the Navy take possession of nil public property belonging to the Navy Department within said geo graphical limits, and put in operation all acts of Congress in relation to naval affairs hav ing application to said State. Seventh—That the Secretary of the Interior put in force the laws relating to the Interior Department applicable to the geographical limits aforesaid. In testimony whereof I have hereunto Bet my hand and caused the seal of the Uni ted States to be affixed. Done at the City of Washington this seven teenth day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and siNty-flve. and ot the hidepeodebde oi‘ the United States the eighty-ninth ill the President: William 11. Sf.wakij, Sec. of State. Proclamation of the President Reindv. ins Restrictions on Trade In the South ern States. Whereas, by my proclamation of the 29th of April, 1865, all restrictions upon internal domestic and commercial intercourse, witli certain exceptions therein specified and set forth, were removed in such parts of the States of Tennessee, Virginia, North Caro lina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, and so much of Louisiana as lies east of the Mississippi river as shall lie embraced within the lines of national military occupation; and whereas, by my proclamation of the 22d of May, 1865, for reasons therein given, it was declared that certain ports of the United States which had lieen previously closed against foreign commerce, should, with cer tain specified exceptions, be reopened to such commerce on and after the first day of July next, subject to the laws of the United States, and in pursuance of such regulations as might lie prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury: aud whereas, lam satisfactorily intormed that dangerous combinations against the laws ol the Lnited States no longer ex ist within the State of Tennessee; that the insurrection heretofore existing within said State has been suppressed ; that within the boundaries thereof the authority of the United States is undisputed, and that, such officers of the United States as have been ! duly commissioned, are in the undisturbed exercise of their official functions; Now, therefore, be it known that I, An drew Johnson, President of the United States, do hereby declare that all restrictions upon internal, domestic and coastwise intercourse and trade, aud upon the removal of products of States heretofore declared in insurrection— reserving aud excepting only those relating to ’contraband of war, as hereinafter recited, and also those which relate to the reservation of rights of the United States to property pur chased in the territory of an enemy, hereto fore imposed in the teiritory of the IT. States east of the Mississippi river—are annulled ; and 1 do hereby direct that they be forthwith removed, and that on and after the first day of July next all restrictions upon foreign commerce with said ports, with the excep tion and reservation aforesaid, be removed, and that the commerce of said States shall tie conducted under the supervision of the regu larly appointed officers of the customs provi ded by law; and sucli officers of the customs shall receive any captured and abandoned property that may lie turned over to them under the law by the military or naval forces of the . United States, and dispose of such property as shall he directed by the Secretary of the Treasury. The following articles, contraband of war are excepted from the effect of this procla mation : Arms, ammunition, all articles from which ammunition is made, and gray uni forms and cloth. And I hereby also proclaim and declare that the insurrection, so far as it relates to and within the Stale of Tennessee and the inhabitants of the said State ol Tennessee, as reorganized and constituted under their re cently adopted constitution aind reorganiza tion, and accepted by them, is suppressed; and therefore, also, ‘that all disabilities and disqualifications attaching to said State and the inhabitants thereof consequent upon any proclamations, issued by virtue of the fifth section of the act entitled, ‘-An act further to provide for collection ot duties on imports and for other purposes,” approved tiie thir teenth day of July, 1801, are removed. But nothing herein contained shall be considered or construed as in anywise changing or im pairing any of the penalties and forfpitures tor treason heretofore incurred undur the laws of the United States, or any of the provisions, restrictions or disabilities set. in my procla mation bearing date the 29th day of May, 1805, or as impairing existing regulations for the suspension of the habeas corpus and the exercise of military law in cases where it shall be necessary for the general public safe ty and welfare during the existing insurrec tion ; nor shall this proclamation affect or in any way impair any laws heretofore passed by Congress and duly approved by the Pres ident, or any proclamation or orders issued by him during the aloresaid insurrection abolishing slavery, whether ot poison or pro perty ; but, "on the contrary, all such laws and proclamations heretofore made or issued are expressly saved and declared to be in full force and virtue. In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed. Done at the city of Washington t his thirteent h day of June, in the year of our Loid one thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, and of the independence of the United States the eightv-uinlh. ANDREW JOHNSON. By the President: , Wii.uam H. Seward, Secretary of State. —New York city is said to contain 150,000 Germans. Ot these 40,000 Are Jews, 40,000 are Roman Catholics, and GLOOG are Protes tants. thfv ark coming from the WARS, BV FCOKNK 11. iILNBAY. They are coming l'rom the wars. They are brimrinp hone their soars. They are bringing back the old flag, too, iu glory; They have battled long, and well, And let after ages tell How thev won the proudest name in song or story ‘ They have broken up their camps; They are laughing o’er their tramps ; They are Joking with the girls—who dork around them; They have left the scanty fare, They have left the letid air. They have dashed to earth tbe prison walls that hound 1 them. And they're coming from the wars, They are bringing home their sears, They are bringing back the old fl ag, too in glory They have battled long and well, Arid let after ages tell How they won the proudest name in aong or story ! We are eager with our thanks, We are pressing on their tauke, WV are grasping hands that held the States unbroken, let we sadly think ot those Who are sleeping with their foes. And our trembling tongues give welcome aadly spo ken. But*the long delay is past, They have brought us peace at last. And how proudly through our veins the blood is bounding, As we bless our honored dead. While the steady hum tlal tread Os retutnlug veterans In our eaTS is sounding! • Yea, they’re coming from the wars, They are bringing home their scars, They are bringing back the old hag, too, in glory; They have battled long and welt And let after ages tell How they won the proudest same ,n son ?or story; UtfiST FROM THE NORTH. OIVII DAY LATER. ARRIVAL OF THE FULTON Trance Rescinds the Belligerent Mights to the Rebels. Reception ol" the Georgia X>el fnation by the President, diaries 0 Connor to be Counsel for Jeff, Davis. GOLD I*s. release of CONPeder. ATE PRISONERS Reconstruction of Independence Ray Gettysburg; Fourth of July In Washington, By the arrival of the Fulton at Hilton Head yesterday, we have Northern journals to Sunday, 18th inst., inclusive. Purser Mc- Manus, of that vessel, has our thanks for iate papers. Doing* of France. Secretary Seward, in an official despatch to the Secretary of the Navy, gives the In formation that the government of France ha3 removed all restrictions heretofore imposed by it on %* naval vessels of the United States iu French ports. Secretary Seward also officially announces that the French government has formally re scinded its order granting to the Southern rebels belligerent rights. France is thus the second of the European powers to take thU formal action in regard to its concessions to the insurgents, Holland having been the first We append the entire letter of the Secre tary of State. Department or Sr Arc, 1 Washington, June 17, 1865. > Hon. Gideon Welles, Secretary of the Navy Sir —I have the honor to inform you that it has been made known to this Department by the Minister of the United States residing in France that the imperial government ot that country has removed all restrictions heretofore imposed by it upon the navai in tercourse with the United States. 1 have also the pleasure to inform you that I have learned in the same authentic mauuer that the imperial government of France fens withdrawn from the insurgents of the United States the character of belligerents, which heretofore that government had conceded to them, and these peoceeding3 by the Govern ment of Fiance have lieen prompted by the express desire of reviving the old sympathies between the two nations whose interests aud traditions constantly icvjte them to cultivate the most cordial relations I beg to suggest the importance of commu nicating these faets to the proper officers of the navy. I have the hoaor to be sit. Your obedient servant, WM. H. SEW ARD Trial of Jeff Davis. Jeff. Davis is to be tried by a civil court as some of the paperss ay, but the New York* Herald says: Jeff. Davis’ Counsel. The government, iu reply to a gentleman connected with the defence of Jeff. Davis, stated that no determination had been reach ed in regard to the trial; but that due notice would be given and all proper facilities afford ed to his counsel. It is understood that the defence will be conducted by Charles O’Con or, of New York. Messrs. Jerome Busk and Sterne Chittenden, of New York, have also been retained to assist Charles O’Conor in the defence of Jefferson Davis. Gold and the Markets 'l'iie papers of the 18th inst say .- The stock market was on the whole firm yesterday Gold opened at 145 3-8, and closed on the street at half-past five p. m. at 145. At night it declined, and closed at 144 3-4. The advance in gold exerted no influence on the merchandise martet. yesterday, which was dull, as usual on Saturdays, and but little business was transacted. Foreign goods were particularly quiet, and prices were nominally unchanged. Cotton and petro leum were steady. Groceries were in mo derate request, but firm. On ’Change flour and grain were dull and heavy. Pork was 50c. u 75c. off. Whiskey was Ic. lower, and dull at that. Prisoners of War. All prisoners ot war are being released from Northern prisons as rapidly as the pass es can be prepared aud signed, and proper transportation furnished them to their home;!. Her oust ruction of Texas, On the 17th inst. the President issued a proclamation with regard to the immediate reconstruction of the State of Texas. He ap points Mr. Andrew J. Hamilton the Provis ional Governor cf that State. The proclama tion is in other respects a sac-simile of the similar document concerning our own State, which we give at length in another column. As the two papers are identical in lan guage and bear the same date, we deem it unnecessary to print both in full. Fourth of July at Gettysburg)* There is to be a grand celebration of the Fourth of July on the old battle-field of Gettysburgh, in which soldiers fronPbvery part of the Union will take part. All our leading Generals will be invited, and speech es will be made by several distinguished ora tors. It is thought that tye President and Cabinet will be present. Great preparations are being made, and it will doubtless be a very imposing and interesting spectacle.