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The Savannah Daily Herald. BY S. W . MASON &CO ; .t.VI lL w. MAHON KAttor. \ . T. THOMPSON VMoritU Kditor. •AVANNAH. WEDNESDAY. SEPTEMBER 6, 19«6 FOR LOCAL HITTERS SEE THIRD PICE. ■EVENING EDITION OF THE HERALD. Bv an afoii'ent U) our press we were obliged to sus pend our Krening Edition tempormrilr, and various ■ ircnmstances now lead us to announce its discon tinuance for a few days longer. We snail resume Its publication very soon. TO ADVERTISERS. Our advertising pstmns are reminded that adver tisements inserted the doming Edition of the tl rx»u> will appear in the Evening without extra charge Advertisements sbonld be handed in as esriy as possible, but will be received ae late **B 12 o’C-ocls at night. We adhere to onr advertised * 8 except for iong advertisements, or those inserted fT a long time, on which a reasonable discount wfl! be made HQiY TO OBTAIN THE HERAJ.D HEO VIARLY. We often have complaints from residents of Savan nah and Hilton Head that they are not able always to obtain the Pkhaud. The demand is sometimes so crest as to exhaust an Edition very soon aAer Its issue, and those who wish to hare the Hxarixi regularly, should subscribe for it. We have faithful carriers in Savannah and at Hilton Head, and through them we always servo regular subscrioers first. HI SINKS* DIRECTORY' OF SAVANNAH. We are now publishing a column aud more of brief business announcements, carefully classified, under the general head of •‘Savannah Bu a iness Directory.” ft Includes some forty leading Outness men and firms of Savannah. We propose to retain tills as a regular feature of the 11 frai n. The expense of In serting cards in this department of the paper is very small, aud we believe the advertisers will receive more than a proportionate benefit. Parties wishing to have their cards included in this Directory, can do sdby sending then, to our counting room, orhand- Tng them to Mr. M. J. Divine, who is authorised to receive them, prepayment will be invariably re ccice-C AN APPEAL TO CANDOR AND PATRIOT ISM. The war has produced many forms of de moralization. It is not aloue that the more prominent rules of morality have been vio lated, but lesser moralities which are even more than those, the bond and cement of so ciety. Misrepresentation, and even menda city, are now the resource of designing men who do not scruple to violate all ethical ob ligations. which impose a regard for truth. Tor selfish objects. The war bas thus led, by rapid strides, to a corruption of moral prin ciple, that, if not arrested must terminate in national degeneracy. The passions which are evoked in war are not allowed even to slumber in peace. Revenge in the midst of success still calls lor its victims. The most malignant inventions find their way into our .journals which task the belief of credulity itself. It is thus that the Press which should be an instrument of good becomes a weapon of evil, darkens where it should enlighten and exasperates when it should conciliate, ft would appear aa if many of our leading joiiticians and leading journalists were in a conspiracy to disguise the truth and delude the publie. Before the war there were those engaged in the mission of alienating the sections by exaggerating the detects on both sides, for u hich they obtained the wages of sin. They were rewarded for the worst of offices—that ot dividing those who ought to be united in the brotherhood both of politics and religion. TV ho can fail to recall to memory those slan ders against the people of the South by those who came among us with masks on their faces, and which finally led to social, political and religious separation? Who can fail to see that this system of misrepresentation and falsehood is con tinued by the agency of the Press and these missionaries of evil ? If the slightest social irregularity or violation of order occurs it is exaggerated and magnified into signs of renewed rebellion. This in the face of de monstrations of attachment to the Union and the Constitution All the peculiarities of the South are minutely narrated; all their moral obliquities enlarged ou ; all their men tal weaknesses described, for the liberal pur pose of heaping on them ridicule. These peculiarities and passages of Southern life are transferred to their sensation sheets to the infinite delight of their readers, forming their daily mental aliment The newspapers are not the only channel of these falsehoods And misrepresentations. The lecture room and the political meeting are tiled with auditors who listen with zest to efiusions of which the staple is misrepre sentation of the real character and sentiments of our peopie- The object of all this is apparent enough. The interests ot party hare become para mount to public duty, and the obligations ot morality. The leaders do not scruple to utter falsehood to accomplish parly ends. We are on the threshold of many important elections Success with those ambitious of power, sanctifies even falsehood, and history teaches that a divided moral responsibility weakens the force of public virtue. Politi cians will subscribe to statements repugnant to truth if they can attain their party' pur poses, when they would disdain to make the smallest deviation from it, for individual benefit!.' On the whole, the signs of the times are very unfavorable to that moral culture, with out which national degeneracy makes rapid progress. Thc CorroN Coop.— A. correspondent of the Boston Post, writing from New Orleans, estimates the cotton crop of Texas this year at least at IsO.OOO bales. He thinks the whole crop raised in all the South will not fall much short of 500,000 bales. The amount of cotton thus far received at New Orleans is 192,150 bales. He estimates the number of bales in the South at the close of the war at 1,900,000. His calculations, he says, are based upon careful investigations, and he feels sure they will prove nearly correct By military order any person except Gen eral and staff officers of the United States Army found in the streets of Augusta after ten o’clock at night without proper passes are to be arrested by the Provost Guard All bars and places where intoxicating liquors are sold within the city, are to be closed at btven o'clock in the evening. Charlotte Thompson, an old Savannah fa vorite, has anew American drama, entitled Brmca, with which she will make a atarring tour the coming autumn and winter. Jenkins, the New York defaulter, is said to °e downcast at the Insignificance of his fraud compared with later ones. Poor fellow! COMRETITIV* KXAMIWATIOXS. It is difficult at all times to separate the competent stem the incompetent in either the mflitan or civil service of the country among the numerous applican ts for official position. The difficulty is much enhanced during war. The cessation of the pursuits of peace greatly increases the number of ap plicants for office Aspirants then throng al! the avenues to effi.ee, although the j number of military poats to be filled arc cor respondingly augmented. We of course allude to the subordinate situations in the army. Whtrethere exists rules of seniority and a public military sch-x)!, like our West Point Academy, no embarrassment can arise to those who ex ercise the appointing, power although it is , to be conceived that ihe public may be as badly, if not worse served by those who are in the line of promotiou, and who have re ■ eeived a military education as by those who have been advanced from the rank and file. How many have proved incompetent to the command even of a battalion, both in the | Union and Confederate armies (having en joyed all the benefits of instinction) com pired with those who have ‘‘won their spurs," without any such advantages, it is needless to say. Many a battle lias been lost—many a well planned campaign has proved abortive, from disobedience of orders by those in subordinate commands. Per sonal vanity or jealousy of superiors, not to speak of cowardice, has in all ages and countries led to defeat and disaster. Mili tary history is full of such examples. Legislation caonot provide a remedy lor such moral defects, although it may make I provision for intellectual deficiency. Would | Competitive Examinations cure the evil aris- | itig from military jealousy and pride of opinion ? Scientific culture is not what is alone required. Military schools will not produce harmony between those in superior and those in lower commands. A Board of Examiners cannot extirpate the passions that so often destroy the unity of military opera tions. These passions very often have an abiding place in the bosoms of those who are the most enlightened. Those countries are most exposed to these evils which rush precipitately Into war, and are compelled to raise large armies at the shortest notice. Those European States which have large standing armies and numer ous military schools are able to supply any imaginable void in the line, as they are able to recruit to any extent for the rank and file. The war in the Crimea brought in this respect the armies of Great Britain and Prance into striking contrast. While the war found the former fully prepared, in all the departments of its army for active hos tilities, the latter revealed so marked a defi ciency, particularly in its eommissUmt, as led, not only to serious disasters, but to a loss of military reputation. Both the South and the North were compelled, in the late war, to accept, in numerous instances, an iuferior order of military talent from sheer necessity. So much for the military part of the question. In the civil departments of the Govern ment the system of Competitive Examination of candidates for office, would result in pub lic beuefit, because the fate and fortunes of a country are not dependent on ihose en gaged in the duties of civil administration, as on those conducting its military opera tions, The co-operative and conjoint efforts of all parts of a large army are sometimes essential to success, whMe the largest exer cise of individual independence can do no material injury in civil administration. But Competitive Examinations ate still more necessary in popular than it) absolute governments. The frequency ol election brings forth at quickly recurring periods n host of candidates for public office. The in terests of the country arc often sacrificed to the interests of a party in the scramble for office. The traffic of votes for official posl- tion is of too common occurrence in our country to require special remark. Com petitive Examination would here do infinite good. If candidates for office clearly under stood that they would have to undergo a strict examination as to their competency, it would form an efficient check on those who, guided by ambition or the desire for official gain, thrust themselves into situations from which retiring men of merit are excluded.— It would also form a guide to Executive au- thority, which would be influenced by the fa vorable or unfavorable report of sn Examin ing Committee in nominations to office. Tbe only example in history of Competi tive Examination is that of the Chinese, but that is exclusively of a literary character; the celestials have not reared statesmen or com manders the result of tbeir system. This subject was much discussed iu England in 1853, but was limited to the civil service and to the subordinate offices in its various de partments. A committee was appointed to investigate tbe subject of which Lord Stan ley was chairman. They reported tavorably, but tbeir conclusions were disputed by near ly all the Heads of Departments. The ex amination was to be confined to literary qualifications and did not embrace moral fitness. A high standard of knowledge was made the measure of competency. The sub- ject slept until after the Crimean war. The disasters of that war revived'it. A second and third report were made and the standard, be fore too high, was raised. Examinations were made embracing questions in natural and moral science of an abstruse character. The number of applicants were lessened. The public service suffered. There were not a sufficient number of applicants to fill offices of which the salary’ did not exceed £IOO a year. The theory of such a plan wan'ed congruity. It took for granted that a learned man must necessarily make a good officer. Such moral qualities as temperance, diligence, patience and entire trusworthiness, were ignored. The result was a failure, Now that a Competitive Examination of candidates for offices before their appoint ment, would be an improvement of our sys tem, both in the military and civil service—is indisputable; but it should comprehend moral as well as intellectual competency. In fact, in some of the subordinate posts the former is more required than the latter. Asa re straining influence against improper appoint ments, Competitive Examination would be invaluable, such influence being more re quired in popular than in absolute govern ments A Washington dispatch says that a farmer near Steubenville, Ohio, baa made applica tion to the Freedman’s Bureau, at Washing ton, for one hundred blacks Jit is to be hoped he will be promptly supplied. FRKK TRADIWITH THE WITH. 1 The proem!:.- tfiou ot President .tiLmaon’s order so. the icmovalol rll remaining trade restriction* with the South, permitting the ' importation into ihe Sou'hern Slates of arms, I ammunition and other articles contraband of ' war, on aud after the Ist of September next, ! is a gratifying indication that the National Government considers peace as completely ' restored throughout the counuv. and that trade is free to flow back through the old ! channels that existed before the war. It will be remembered that two previous orders were issued by the President for the removal j of restrictions relating to specific subjects, ! but up to tins time, the importation of arti cles such as were used in the rebel service I during the war, was prohibited. For the j firat lime since the c ommeneement ot our j uational troubles, Southern trade is now j wholly untramraeled. That no untoward event may occur to check the heaiine and readjusting influences now prevailing In all parts of the country, should be the earnest wisli of all who feel in terest in the future welfare of the American people. THE Di'TY OF THE HOVB. We copy the following very sensible re marks from the Selma (Ala.) Times : Several times heretofore we have referred to the duty of the people of the South in this critical aud trying time, but, the near ap proach of the election for delegates who are to return us to the Union and restore to U 9, as a State, the rights and privileges once en joyed, insists that something further be said upon the same subject. Immediately after the surrender of our ar mies and the termination of the war a great clamor was raised by a party North against us, and this party demanding that the rebel lious States should be dismantled of all rights and privileges and continued under the rigor of military rule. This was intended as a punishment for our sins, but there was a man who opposed this policy and, with a determination as unchange able as the laws of the Medes and Persians, resolved that our lights as States, constitut ing a part (if the United States, should he granted ns; this man was President Johnson. Consequently he appointed to each State a Provisional Governor—and these appoint ments were given to Southern men and citi zens of the States over whicli they were ap pointed—and empowered each to restore civil law and rule in his State. This was indeed lenient, even more so than we had reason to expect. There is before us a great and important work, but it is simple and easily performed. This work must be done, for, if neglected, we will be tiie only sufferers. At the election next Thursday, to begin the work we must elect good men, and by good men is meant men of ability and men who are not political office seekers. The convention will be too important a body to be filled with political Iscariots, who scruple not to sacrifice public weal for private advantage. These are not the proper men ; the kind wanted are able and conscientious men, who will look only to the future good and prosperity of the State, and not to the advancement of individual ends and aims All must qualify themselves to vote, and after this baa beeu done they should cast it for the right men. The people must not tarry at home and wait, for the proper officer to come to their door anil administer the oath, but thdv must go to the officer. If it is too far to walk, ride; and if no horse is possessed, walk anyhow. The'“ oath must and should be taken, and the officers will not visit houses for accommodation ; it is not their business, and they are only interested because it is for the good of the people. But, after each has rendered himself eli gible to vote, and voted, the work is not end ed. The government, both State and Fed eral, must be supported and sustained.— President Johnson is the South's friend, and is to-day standing as a living bulwark be tween us and the fanatics and fanaticism of the North. Thia be cannot continue unless he is sustained, and that immediately. We must show ourselves worthy of the confidence imposed iu us,and instead of placing malcon tents in office, we must place good, able and loyal men in power, who will enact wholesome laws for us and for the perpetua tion of the Union. Qdai.ifications for Office. —The oath prescribed by the act Os Congress July 1, 1862, to be taken by all persons elected to offices of honor or profit under the govern ment of the United States, reads: I, A. 8., do solemnly swear that I have never voluntarily borne arms against the United States since I have been a citizen thereof; that I have voluntarily given no aid. countenance, counsel or encouragement to persons engaged in armed hostility there to, that I have neither sought nor accepted, nor attempted to exercise the functions of aov office whatever, under any authority or pretended authority in hostility to the United States; that I have not yielded a voluntary support to any r pretended government, au thority, power or constitution with the United States, hostile or inimical thereto. So help me God. The qualifications of candidates for Con gress in thp South, says the National Intelli gencer, are guarded by law in all points af fecting their loyally’, superndded to which restrictions, is the power of Congress to re ceive and to act upon evidence touching the loyalty of any man who may obtain bis seat in that body. A New Orleans dispatch of the 19th says : Gen. Beauregard's house was surrounded a few nights sioee, and Beauregard, with others, was kept in a cotton press until morning. It was supposed that Kirby Smith was concealed in the house. Beauregard complained to Gen. Sheridan of the manner in which the military had invaded his pre mises. Gen. Sheridan was greatly annoyed at the occurrence, and righted the matter with Beauregard. A lale despatch from Newburn, N. C., says Northern emigration to North Carolina has already set In. People are arriving In tbe State by thousands from all quarters. The health of Newbern and the rest of the State was never better than at present. The Memphis Bulletin mentions a report which had reached that city, of the kitling of Isaac L. Baiton, a few days ago, by his father-in-law, Col. John Pope. No particu lars given. Col. Pope is one of tbe most respected citizens of Shelby county. The Louisville Journsl admits a Democratic majority in both branches of the Ksntucky Legislature. It will be a fair working ma jority. They have a majority of the mem bers of Congress. A MASSACRE OF WHALES Capture nf at ScUoel In (lit Cnmgitliy Firth—A slung).in of Inuorenti—Thlr« t)-tll Killed In u Single Eight. (From the Inverness Advertiser.) On Wednesday morning an extraordinary * capture of whales was made in the Cromsr- i thy Firth, close by the town of Dingwall.— On the previous afternoon a large shoal of these gigantic creatures, afterwards ascet tained to be of the bottie-nose species, had been observed sporting themselves in the j water about half a tniie di.-tant from Inver gorden harbor, and were immediately pur sued by stoats full of eager crews from In- \ vergot’deu, Saltburn, Balliotraid, aud the j coast, the object of the pursuers being to run them into shallow water and strand inem.— The fish, however, kept compactly together, all the while moving backwards aud for wards about the centre of ibe channel, which is very deep, lor the space of four or five hours, aud several shots were fired at them from the boats without any visible effect.— Ultimately, about six o'clock in the evening, they took a start up the Firth, whither they were closely followed by the boats, and a hot chase ensued. The tide was at tills time on the ebb, and there was every chance of the fi9h being driven into shallow water. — The scene was animating in the extreme.— The pursuers arrived at Novar Bay about 8 o’clock, having succeeding in keeping the fish ahead of them ail the time, although the frightened creatures took many turns aud windings, as if in the endeavor to escape down the Firth, or keep iu the greatest pos sible depth of water. The water, however, at this point, is extremely shallow in some places, and as a stray fish occasionally got separated from its companions it inevitably went ag ound, aud was immediately sur rounded by some of the boats, the crews of wbicb, armed with all sorts of weapons, from a shovel to a crow-bar, made short work of the poor victim. In this way a good many were captured from between the shore of Fowlis aud the opposite coast all the way down to Dingwall. Night did not stop the operations ot those who had engaged iu the pursuit. Love of sport aud the chance of gain combined acted as a strong incentive to the pursuers, and those who were not for tunate enough to strand their whale, pre viously pushed on to the head of the Firth, gathering strength on the way, until a per fect little flotilla |of fishing-cobles, rowing and sailiug boats, aud pleasure yachts, had arrived within view of Dingwall. The night, was clear and favorable. Shortly after 12 o'clock and early in the morning those of the shoal who had man Aged to get this length grounded among the mud and sand opposite the burgh, facing to the northeast. It was uow that the work began in the right earnes'. A number ot the townspeople were prepared for what was likely to happen, and hastened to the scene. A general massacre ensued, and was continued until a late hour in the morning, wheu no less than thirty-six were tound to have been killed in this way, some of the fish as large as twenty feet, and one, we are assured, no less than twenty-eight feet long, but. by far the greater number being from fifteen feet to eighteen feet. The total, number captured, including those on the other parts of the Firth and ou the coast, is estimated at between fifty and sixty, and it is confidently asserted that tew, it any, of the shoal succeeded in making their escape. Condition of Southern Freedmen. The Mobile Register, of the 9th inst., says on this suhject: Now, what are the facts patent to all men here, Northern or Southern, who see with unprejudiced eyes? Take this city. It is full ot negro servants, yet we believe we are within the bounds of truth when we allege that nearly one-half the families in this city are without cooks in their kitchens. The negro women find it too hot to cook at this season of the year. They refuse to work for the really high wages which families are anxious to pay for their services. Stepping with a gentleman into his house yesterday, he pointed to the pavement in front of his dwelling ; he remarked, the only way 1 can get these pavements swept is to do it myself. 1 cannot hire a i errant to do anything. He was a man of fortune, lived like a gentle man, and was a kind, good master to his servants. Inside the house the gentleman's wife informed us that she had no cook, and that a boy she had hired from the Freedmeu s Bureau was ill witlifever, and she had to nurse himself. In the great majority of cases, when a negro servant can be prevailed upon to euter vonr service, ho is so idle and so stuffed with false notions of his freedom, that they are r itlicr a burthen than a help to the family. With these facts before ns. we read paragraphs in the radical press like the following from one of their organs in St. Louis: “It is, perhaps, worthy of notice,that Vir ginia, so long distinguished for her preten sion iu superior civilization, is probably the worst of all the rebel States in the treatment which is pursued towards the emancipated blacks. Her slaveholders appear to exceliu the ingenuity of their expedients to rob the poor negroes of their labor, without render ing them more than the shadow ot remune ration, and to make their condition as free men intolerable. It is even charged upon them that, in certain localities, they have adopted the policy of turning their servants, who have worn themselves out in doing their bidding, upon the world to perish, without care and without protection.” So far from “robbing the poor negroes of their labor,” the difficulty is to get their la bor for wages which would be deemed ex orbitant at tire North. The South is full of work to be done, and in cities and on plan tations the cry is for laborers for a liberal compensation. In the face of Ibis demand, the negroes are roaming about the country or clustering around the towns picking up a precarious existence, and, as a natural con sequence, sickening and dying by thousands. A gentleman just from Memphis tells us that 25,000 of these Nomade are squatted around the outskirts of that city, the men doing nothing, and the women dependent on what they can gain from the troops. Sickness ana death are holding high carnival In their midst. And do we of the South not pity these poor people ? From the bottom ot our hearts we do. The following are extracts from letters, dated Constantinople, July 27: “ Hiring the cholera many people don't come to town any longer; many villages on tbe Bosphorus have been deserted. Our stock exchange (Consolide Khan) is open for only two hours nnd a half daily. I don’t re member ever seeing such a gloom, and well may people fear, after the example of Cairo ana Alexandria. At the Galetea Tower we have two provisional hospitals. Up to the present, 1 believe, we are on the increase, aud although the number of attacks has only been 500 odd per day, which, with a popula tion of more than a million is not a very great number, yet as no one can tell when, where, and how it will finish, it is natural that tbe alarm should spread. The greatest number of deaths has been 180 per day, but of course this may be doubled in the course of a few hours, or it may be reduced as much. One peculiarity is that up to the pre sent moment it has, with one or two excep tions, been exclusively confined to the poorer aud indigent classes. It mu.st be admitted in justice to this Government that it has no means to come to tbe assistance of the pub lic. Money, provisions, shelter and other requisite or necessary have been furnished with a liberality which must call forth tbe praise of every honest person. Many, very many of the inhabitants are deserting the place altogether; and every steamer carries away great numbers of the Constantinople residents. The French steamer which left yesterday was so crowded thnt tbe agents were obliged to refuse tickets, although a very large boat. Rear Admiral Sbubrick is visiting Phila delphia. He is, with the exception of Ad miral Stewart, the oldest officer of the Navy, having been appointed by Mr. Jefferson June 20. 1806. The Mexican (tacittun la Europe. We print below an article from the Lon don Times in relation to the Mexican ques tion. The French journals publish at the same time a report of a project to annex Bel gium to France, in return for which the Duke of Brabant is to become the successor and heir of Maximilian. This looks like wild scheming ; but if an European PriDce could be found foolish enough to go at Na p>dean's instigation to Mexico, another may be found to accept the succession to a crowD not yei fixed upon any one's head. “The embarrassments of the Mexican question, though not unexpected, are begin ning to assume unwelcome prominence, and the dilemma, it must be confessed, is com plete enough to disturb the ino9t prudent of governments. The Americans have now brought their civil war to a close, and if they are burdened with an enoimous debt, they have scarcely yet felt its pressure, and are contemplating their prospects and character istic confidence aud unabated energies. They have powerful armies still on foot, conducted by able and successful generals; their navy is still formidable, and all the means of cam paigning exists in readiness and abundance. Under tnese circumstances they are left to consider a kind of national challenge, given at a time when they were unable to attend to it, but still displayed openly before them and the woild. Tlie emperor of the French, in organizing and effecting the conquest of Mexico, set the famous Monroe doctrine at defiance. He did what the Americans had declared no European power should ever be permitted to do. He established a monar chical government under the protectorate of Franco upou the American continent, and he holds his ground with as much success and as hopeful a prospect as such an enterprise admitted. Mexico is actually an empire, ruled by a Eutopean sovereign, supported by European bayonets. The Americans must either let all this pass, or they must resent it at the cost of war, and the perplexities of the alternative may tie inferred from the contra dictory reports which have recently reached us. In one part ot' our intelligence yester day it was stated that the Americans would almost certainly fight; in another, and that happily the latest, it is authoritively an nounced that the army on which this fight ing would have devolved is to be immediate ly disbanded. “We should hail such a decision with un alloyed satisfaction, but it is probable never theless that the question is rather suspended than resolved. The Americans cannot fail to draw encouragement from the notorious difficulties of the case itself. They know lull well that France has got a bad bargain, and that Frenchmen are perfectly alive to the fact. France would not only have to fight the United Stales at a great disadvant age, but. she would be fighting for a prize held in no kind of esteem. For once, war and conquest have proved unpopular in France, and there is scarcely a party or class in the State which does not regard the Mexican expedition with strong dislike. Nor D the Emperor himself at alTinsensible to the charges and risks of the enterprise. It has cost him much as it stands, and has re turned very little; and an American war to account, and the result would be alarming. Naturally, therefore, the Americans imagine that a time must come when a decided word quietly spoken by their government would induce the Emperor to take a step which, after all, would be taken in his own interest and to the certain satisfaction of his sub ject. Os such expectations a temporizing policy is the natural result. At present any decisive action would only end in war, tor the tmperor has said as much, and war the Americans are not disposed to provoke. So they reserve the question, in hopes that time and events may bring about a more ac ceptable solution. Arrest of an Alleged Conspirator in Ire land-Trying to Induce a Constable to ‘•Take tile Oath.” [Dublin (Aug. U) Correspondence London Times.) A shoemaker named Christopher McDer mott, of 4 Trinity place, Dublin, was charged before the magistrate at Capel street police office, on Saturday, with being a Fenian, and attempting to administer the Fenian oath to a sub-constable of constabulary in the canteen at the constabulary depot in the Phenix Park on the 4th of August last. Tiie sub-constable stated that about 3 1-2 o’clock on the evening of the 4th of August he was in the canteen at the depot, where the pris oner, whom he had not previously known; aud a private soldier of the Tenth Hussars, named Caldheck. with whom he was ac quainted, were drinking. The soldier asked the constable to take a share of the drink, and in the course ol conversation the prison er observed that Walshe was a “stanch name,” and he told the soldier to go out, as he wanted to have some private conversa tion with the constable. When the soldier left, the prisoner, who had written the con stable’s name on a enrd, asked him if he had “heard of the Fenians in America.” The constable made no reply, wben the prisoner added, ‘‘They will 'soon hare Ireland free to themselves, for before five weeks they will rise in arms.” The prisoner having taken a small book out of his pocket, asked him, would he be willing that he should swear him in as a Fenian. The constable said “be didn’t care ;” hut refused to take the book until he heard the oath which the prisoner desired him to take. The prisoner then repeated the fol lowing words : “I, Edward Walshe, in the presence of Almighty God, do swear allegi ance against the queen, and ali her subjects, and that I will be ready to take up arms at a moment’s notice.” He added other words which the constable could not recollect. He then tendered the book to the constable a second time, and asked him to take tbe oath, which the latter refused. The prisoner then wrote his address on a card, “C. McDermott, 4 Trinity place.” which he gave the consta ble. telling him to go there on the evening of the Bth of August, when there would be 500 of them assembled, adding, that he would engage the constable would then take the oath. The constable then went into the bar rack-room, where lie reported the circum stances to his superior, who sent him back with two constables to arrest the prisoner, but in the meantime he had gone away. The prisoner was somewhat under the influence of drink. The case was remanded, bail be ing refused. An extraordinary and unprecedented case has just been tried at the Assize Court of the Var. A young man of twenty-four, named Castellan, presented himself at the house of a respectable farmer named Hugues, and pretending to he deaf and dumb, obtained supper and a night’s lodging. In the morn ing he persuaded the farmer’s daughter, a modest girl of twenty-six, to run away with him, ana the indictment alleged that he ob tained an irresistible influence over her en tirely by means of magnetism. The moment she came to her senses she was filled with remorse, but whenever he magnetized her she was a mere instrument in his hands, and submitted to wba’ever he told her. Three doctors of Toulon gave their opinion in ac cordance with that of Dr. Tardieu, of Paris, and many other medical men of the highest reputation, that it is possible, by means ot what is called magnetism, to obtain such in fluence over a voung girl as completely to annihilate her wit). Castellan boasted of bis magnetic power while standing at the bar, aud offered to magnetise the presiding judge. He actually tried to magnetise the Proureur Imperial, and frightened him so much that he angrily ordered the prisoner to lower his eyes. Being found guilty by the jury, be was sentenced to twelve years Imprisonment with hard labor. —Foreign Paper. SecondCbof of Peaches.— We have been presented with a fine specimen of rather miniature peaches, of what is generally known here as the “Finley" peach, by Mr. J. A. Virgin, The tree produces those of the largest size, and then a second crop of smaller ones, of an excellent flavor, equal to tbe first. This it has done for several years. It is one among tbe unaccountable sports of nature which occasionally happen in tne veg etable world.— Macon Meunge-. HIGHLY IMPORTANT ORDER. HEADQ R 9 DEP TOF GEORGIA, > Orricc Prov. Marshal Gun., » Augusta, Ga . Sept. 1 ) Prov. Mar. Gkn sI Order No. 3. ) Information having been received at these Headquarters that large numbers of Confed erate and United States firearms are distrib uted over tbe State in tbe hands of designing persons; and it appearing that the peace of the State, the lives of the citizens, and the security of property is hereby greatly en dangered, it is ordered— -Ist. That within thirty days next hereaf ter, all such arms of every description, to gether with all ammunition and munitions of war whatever, now in the hands ot Drivate persons, in this State, be turned over to the nearest Provost Marshal. 2d. That after the expiration of said thirty days, all Assistant Provost Marshals within this Department are directed to seizeall such fire arms and munitions of war found in the hands of any one within their respective dis trict, and all persons found with such arms will be arrested and torwarded with the arms to these Headquarters. 3d. Assistant Provost Marshals are hereby authorized to grant permits to such persons as in tbeir judgment, are entitled to them. To retain private arms for sporting purposes, using tneir utmost discretion to prevent im proper persons from enjoying this privilege. By command of Maj. Gen. Sieedman. C. H. Grosvenor, Bt. Brig. Gen and Pro. Mar. Gen. [Special Despatches to the Augusta Constitutionalist.} EXPLOSION OF THE STEAMER REINDEER. New Orleans, Aug. 30. Tbe steamer Reindeer, of tbe Mobile line, exploded her boiler, at the head ot the Rigo lets, this evening. Twenty persons, inclu ding tho captain and clerk, were badly scalded, aud three were killed. What is left of the boat is to be towed to New Orleans. ALABAMA ELECTION. Mobile, Aug. 31. The election to-day for delegates to the Convention passed off quietly, resulting in the election of C. C. Langdon, C. P. Page aud Jas. Bond. The vote is dose between Overall and Hamilton; it is supposed that Overall is elected. DAVIS’ TRIAL. Fortress Monroe, Au£ I. ' The impression prevails that Djvi**;t will take place immediately after tiie fr as 1 ? .- Wirz. ' - APPLICATIONS FOR PENSIONS. Washington, Aug. 31. Numerous applications for pardon have been received from Southerners for pensions, that have been interrupted by tiie rebellion. IMMENSE WAGON TRAIN. Five hundred wagons drawn by mules left Washington for Leavenworth. HOSPITAL STEWARDS. The Second Comptroller has decided that hospital stewards regularly discharged be fore the expiration ot the period ot their en listments, are not entitled to accumulated bounties. ARMY MOVEMENTS. The regular regiments which have been receiving daily a large number of recruits, are ordered West lor duty. RAILROAD CASUALTIES. New York, Aug. Si. The Herald publishes a list of railroad cas ualties showing 209 wounded since the com mencement of the year DISCHARGE OF MUMFORD. Mumtord, who was arrested for defrauding Greeuleaf, Myers & Cos. by worthless checks, bus been discharged upon explanation by his counsel. A YYAUXING TO FREEDMEN. The great American political problem is— what cun best be done for the negro ? The race has been freed ; that is universally ad mitted. The former masters have, without action on their part, been deprived of the services ot their slaves, and as an equitable sequence are relieved from the care and pro tection hitherto exercised. This is right.— Without the labor of the freedmeu the white population cannot support them. The government does not ask them to do so. Its policy imposes obligations on both races.— The one must labor for their own sustenance; the other pay for that labor. This is the teaching of the government's freedmen’s agents now laboring in tbe South, and these admit to us they have found the whites ac knowledging the fact of emancipation, and willing to remunerate tbe negro for his la bor. But of the latter they do not speak quite so hopefully. The address of Dr. French contains much of direction and admonition to the blacks.— He tells them plainly tbeir duty; gives them to understand that their future welfare de pends upou their own exertions; that their old masters are not bound to support them unless they work—neither can they be cared for by the government. This is right, as it will obliterate many extravagant ideas enter tained by the ignorant and ill disposed among them, and may cause them to become indus trious and support themselves. We were struck by one remark made by Dr. French, at Albany (the repost of his address being revised by himself), which was addressed to the freedmen. He said to them: “ I shall not be disappointed if one out of five of you, in your ignorance, love of sin and dislike of labor, and tbe wholesome re straints of law aud good society, make a miserable failure of your freedom; still, if the rest succeed, as I have no doubt they will, the experiment will pay, the govern ment will be justified and our whole nation blessed.’’ This, it will be remembered, comes from one disposed to regard the freedom of the blacks favorably—who was addressing them in the name of the government—who desires their welfare, and was pointing out their du ty—who has bad large experience with them in their new status. We invite the attention of intelligent treedmen to the point made. We are presented by Dr. French with the astounding opinion that one-fifth of all the African population of the United States, or about 800,000 souls, will make a “miseiable failure"/)!' their new privileges. From the parallel which he bad just instituted, between the negroes, and the Israelites under Moses, coming into freedom it is evident the speak er expected, as the result of this failure, the entire destruction of the fraction named. In another speech, if we remember aright, he so stated substantially, and yet, be says, if it so turns out, “the experiment will pay; the government will be justified. This is as favorable a view as has been ta ken of the future of the blacks. Other sa gacious writers have expressed the opinion that tbe race will gradually become extinct. But neither result need be realized. Tbe ne groes themselves can avoid such a destruc tion of their race. They have had the way pointed out by Dr. French, and others who are laboring lor their benefit. If they refuse to follow the counsel given them, or fail to obey tbe regulations of the government, then, indeed, they may expect a realization of all that the Doctor fears for them, and much more. And, while tbe opinion quoted should be a solemn warning to tbe black race, it presents an important Idea to tbe white. One fifth of tbe negroes will not perish, without causing great trouble in tbe country. Therefore the claims of humanity and tbe interests of so ciety both demand that every effort be made to avert the catastrophe, or make its effects limited and controlable.—Jlfacon Telegraph. The Tribune's Richmond correspondent says: William Aiken, ol Surrey county, owner of over 100,000 acres of land, and for merly master of 200 slaves; bad his proper ty released from seizure, notwithstanding be held a commission in the Confederate aer vice as Major. Dr. ( ksrsita ou Cholera. Dr. John Chapman has been the suUeet of many inquiries from correspondents. H it a phyaician in tbe city of London, who has distinguished himself for recommending a general disuse of drugs In medical practice also tor his peculiar views upon the employ’ ment of cold on different puts of the human body as a remedy for disease. Thus b s remedy feT constipation is the application of cold to the abdomen—an application which observation would seem to confirm as dysentery, cholera morbus, and other complaints of the intestines are often oc rationed and always aggravated by undue exposure of that part of the body. Hr Chapman has published numerous papers in the London Medical Times and Gazette upon the employment of his favorite remedy for different complaints. 1 He has lately written an article upon the cholera, in which he lays down the follow ing propositions : “The primary cause of cholera is, as a general rule, the excessive heat of hot climates, and temperate climates in summer when cholera prevails. “The proximate cause of cholera is of precisely the same nature as that of 9um mer or choleraic diarrhoea, but it is far more developed, and consequently its aciion is proportionately more powerful and in tense. “Cholera is neither contagious nor in fectious in any sense whatsoever, except through the depressing influence of fear. V “Cholera may be completely averted, and when developed, cured by the persistent an plication of the spinal ice-bag along th e whole spine so long as symptoms of the dis ease continues."— N. Y. Evening Post. SEW ADVERTISE.UF\Ts ATTENTION: ~ MECHANIC FIFE COMPANY. Attend an Extra Meeting of the Com SggLxPa") at the Hall of the W«iungton jggrg£_Flre Company, at S o'clock, this Wed nesday Evening. A punctual attendance is requested. By order. H. H. LINVII.LE. President R. J. Gt>9SE, Secretary. sepC-i lOTICE-POLICEMEN. bf Application* of the following persons having been approved by the Brevet Brig. Gen. Commandin H the Post, all peraona whose names are hereto attach -1 rt are requested to call at the offlee of the Provost .vi sfehal at 9 o’clock a. m., September Cth, 186;, v z : Italone Lsaib, m Dingham, H A Thomas, T E Benedict, Michael Dowd, John .Green, E F Rogers J E Vernon, G T Rogers, George A Rose, Thomas Mahoney, C W Harper, Jeremiah Hagetfy, U S Brenn, Wm Pill, J B Deugan. T P Prendergast, W S tValah, JE Conyers, WC Bradley, E W Shaw, C P Patterson. R N Harris, John Rilev, Thoma> Wade. James Walsh, Audrtw McKeon, Charles Fox, Hugh Faulkner. A McHale, Michael Cusack, J M Barber, Nathaniel Lewis, William Hafesty J’Tnes leonard, William McAllister M Walsh, Thomas NeU, SAMUEL COWDREY, sepC Capt. and Provoat Marshal WM, M. DAVIDSON, WHOLESALE DEALER IX GROCERIES, WINES, LIQUORS. TEAS, SEGARS, ALE and Cider. THE Subscriber announces to his friends and pa trons that hi has iuvt returned from the Northern Cities, where he has made arrangements with the best Importing Houses, with whom he has deait lor many years, for supplies of ever)' article In his line and new offers for sale, on the most reasonable terms.— His present Stock, selected by hlmseif with great care, comprises; BRANDY. OTARD, DUPUY A CO.. PINET, CASTILLOS A CO., A. LEQNETTE, PELLEVOISIN GIN. MF.DER SWAN AND IMPERIAL EAGLE. COMET, tin owes.) WHISKIES. JOHN GIBSON, SONS A CO., MONONGAHELA, X, XX, XXX CABENET, NECTAR ana PURE OLD BYE, O. E. BOURBON, Very Old. RUM. JAMAICA AND St CROIX. CHAMPAGNE, OF VARIOUS BRANDS, In Quarts snd Pint* T E A. Sri . IMPERIAL, TOUNGIITSON, HYSON, OOLONG, POWCHONG, In Caddies and Half Chests. SttßAg, SOffit, SOAP, BTAB6H, AS., AS. Also, Agent for the sale of Massey, colllna A Cos. PHILADELPHIA ALE. g-pB ts W- M DAVIDSO:-- For Doctortown TOUCHING AT DARIEN. THE well known light draught steamer COMET, Capt. N. King, having been thoroughly over banled. will leave for the above places on THURSDAY MORNING, the 7th Inst., at 10 o’clock. Freight payable by shippers on measurement.— Goods 50 cents per cnblc foot by weight; $i per 100 pounds—Railroad freight added. ■> Col ton will be brought at $5 per bale. Fur freight or paasage apply on board at Upper Cotton Press, or to BRIGHAM, BALDWIN A CO, sepS or to CLAGHORN A CUNNINGHAM. FOR AUGUSTA. NOTICE. mHK Steamer OAK will positively leave THH I DAY, st 6p. in- and take all freight and passen gers that offer. Apply to KEIV A CO.. sep6-l 114 Bay street Merchants' Line of Sailing Vessels FOR NEW YORK, THE line Clipper Bark IDA KEMBALL,, Goatling. Master, will h«ve quick despatch for the above port. Apply to sepd-tf CHAS.L. COLBY A CU. Mule Stolen—s2s Reward. OTOLBN from the Stable of the subscribe#* between kj Abe r corn and Lincoln, on Broughton street Mon day night last, one Iron grev Mule. The said Male Is f raided on the left shoulder from the wearing of a col or. The mouth of the male is considerably deep by the wear or the bridle and bit. ' , 4 . A reward of $25 will be paid for the return of the male or for information where 1^£ aa Jj^QoD '^ At Demand’s Upper Cotton Prees. gppC-i w foot of West Brosd street. “boarding. T”ggßnfflßaßjrAgs rates, corner Jefferson snd Bay streets. aep«-Sw J. BIBBER CHEAP FREIGHT POE AUGUSTA, THIS DiY ADD TO-MORROW. SEPT 6th and 7th. aep«?P ITtO BItADT, SMITH A CO.j