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she follow.ng vi'iv c) the repeal of the intent :i
texts, : r at once luminous end conclujtve. Ca
vil*tfclf niufl he fxlc.it before it, cud the ca -
Inman *crs of Jrfferjcn ratifl hlujh, at their in
famy, even ij they arc call to fierce the vice cf
ccrfci dice.
From the CHRONICLE.
To the people of Mafacbufelts, cn the repeal of
the Taxes.
If any one rrcafure adopted by the present
admimftration has a claim to pre-eminence in
thr public estimation, it: is the repeal of the
Exife Laws, or as they are more generally
termed, the Internal l attes. Among the bed
proofs of this troth, is the intemperate railing
of the opposition. They levied th'efe taxes.
If it v/as right to lay them, it is wrong to a
bolifii ti.em. Their charafter.3 are at ilfue;
and, like dtfperate ga.r.efters, they flake the
]a t remrent cf their reputation to retrieve
the whole. In the found and truly federal
policy of abohfhing this complicated, unequal
and oppressive system of F.xciL (when right
ly understood) they anticipate the iaft and fa
ta! blow to their expiring influence. Hence
efforts to misrepresent one of the plain
ed tran tftions which can be offered to corn
iiiO;4 understandings.
In order to form a correft judgement cn
this fiibjeft, it will be ufeftil ro cad a retrof
peftive eve over the pad. When die forma
tion of a Federal Confutation was in contem
pVai on, neither tiie delegates to the Conven
tion, nor the people who elected them, enter
tained an idea that the federal government
fhoiild be veiled with the power of levying
taxes, excepting by impcjl. M .ny intelligent
citizens were of opinion that the impofl
diould be limbed to live percent. On an
opposition to cranting even this five per-cent
imped. Mr. King, our Minister at London,
grounded his fird popularity in Massachusetts
—an 1 fodid Mr. Stephen Higgin&n of Pof
ton. To lay cxcifes and direct taxes, was at
that time deen ed an important- right, which
ought to be reserved to the date governments,
and which was aftually cxercifed by them.
When a concurrent right to lay cxcifes and
direct taxes was suggested, and aftually in
ferred among the powers of the federal go
vernment, it formed and was urged as an ob
jection to the adoption of the Constitution.
Independent of the genera* wifii of the peo
ple, that this mode of taxation fnould be re
fer ved to the dalesexclnfiveiy, ir was foreleer,
that two concurrent jurisdictions over the
lame sources cf revenue, were generally im
politic ar.d inconfidcnr; that after a conflict
of influence, the flronger power mud event
ually prevail over the weaker; that the date
governmen t mud yield to the federal. Sudi
hc'.a been the ifuic of experiment. The date
of Massachusetts repealed her excifc on car
nages and licenses, soon after that cf the fe
government came into operation on the
lame articles.
In the power cf to lav and col left excites,”
wh ch was veiled in the federal government,
men of political experience and difeernment
iorefaw the circle of taxation extend, not
merely to goods imported fro n foreign coun
tries, but to every a-tide of family ule,
whether of foreign or domestic manufacture’
and as a nectffary conlequence, they antici
pated a holt of officers, au horded to enter
their manufactories, workshops and dwelling
houses, every day and every hour of die day,
to take account of their flock, and colleft the
taxes Lid on their property, without being
account aide to tree laws cf the ft ate. Hem
lay the root or their bhjeftion, the reasonable
and well-rounded jealouly or people who un
der Hand freedon in a practical sense. To
what extent their power might be carried,
they could no: know •, but they did know, for
experience had taught them, that nothing was
lo baole robe abused as power ; and the
power to place centinels and tax-gatherers
over the dwellings and occupations, with in
q: ifitomi authority, wis never palatable to
the people of Maffachutects.
Another 6c not an unimportant confluence
was fbreieen, in the excrcite of this power.
A multiplication of offices, with a
consequent increase of officers, bv the fede
ral executive, mult, in process of time, give
■o that executive an influence not limited to
the immediate objeft of appointments, incom
patible with, and final/ deftruftive to the
elective franchile j and an influence which in
its various and txten five effiefts mufl tend to
sap the foundation of government, and ren
der the executive office perpetual.
In anlvver to theie objections, and to quiet
these apprehenfioas, it was urged by the par
ty who a (Turned to them lei ves the character ]
of federalifts, that the impofl was the c*reatj
source of revenue on which the federaT go
vernment would depend, and which would
proce adequate to the national exigencies ;
t ‘m: exciles and direct Taxes would never be
1C jrted to, except in rime of aftual war, or
on lone equally pressi n g occasion. On the
faith of. uch declarations, and in a zeal to ef
uoiiih a National Government the republi
can?, who at that time (as well as the present!
eonfliruted three-fourtns of the qualified vo-|
ters in the state, gave afienc and life to the
conflitution.
The period in which the wary politician
knows that fear will lubfide and public vica-
Ur.we (lumber, was scarcely futiered to elapse,
when the excile system was ushered, into be
ing, and that in a time cf peace and without
anv apparent ncceffity- ; Like a culprit in
‘ood company, it was frruggled into our
law-books, on the credit of sis authenticator,
meeting a cold civility from his friends, and
the veto cf a few honefl men. Having been
once eflablifhed, the fyflern has progrdTed in
regular gradation, as fa ft as the apathy ot
die peop e, and the cupidity of the adminifira
tion, have dictated. How soon it would
have been extended to every article which ad
niniflers to the case and comfort cffiife, may
be conjectured from the rapid (hides already
made in our infant country, and the examples
of countries Jfrther advanced in the modern
art oftaxation. How long the right of fuffrage
would have exilled in purity, or in fafety,
under the blighting influence of this Angle
branch of execunv, patronage, v/s are no
longer tortured to conjecture.
hro n this view of the (object, and with
these. canlequences resulting from the fyflern,
a reformation was demanded, by the princi
ples of civil liberty, and by the genius of the
conflitution. To reform, was neither more
nor ids than to abohjh the taxes, by repealing
every law which related to them. It was ne
cefiary that the practice under the conflitution
should be brought back, and rendered con
fur liable to the sense and ‘interpretation
which was originally given it : to Amplify the
government, in order that the people might,
through the adminiffcracion, have one glifinpe
at “ those manners, feelings and principles/ 5
for which they fought and bled, and by which
they expefted to be governed, when they a
dopted the conflitution ; that the executive
should no longer derive an artificial lupport,
which the conflitution abhors ; that hundreds
of Excifemen, who were eating the public
bread, fliould return from habits of indolence
to eat bread of their own labor ; that Manu
factures, if they were not so fie red by ihe go
vernment, (hould at kali: be freed from fet
ters ; and above all, that the elective fran
chile fliould be no longer adulterated by the
poison of executive patronage.
The arlminiAratiop who nave had the cou
rage to make this reformation, the executive
who has difeovered the virtue willingly to
refl on its own bffis, diverted of artificial
props of its ow n raising, .are held up ro you
as objects of suspicion, if not of reproach !
Pause, my countrymen ; lay aside all refeat
ment, banilh party con(idera:ions, and ask
yourselves what you have gain ‘d, and what
you have loft ? 400 excifemen have Jolt their
places !Is this a cat.feof mourning for a na
tion of freemen ? coo obj°fts of cornoetition
are removed. Is this prejudicial to the pub
lic tranquility ? So many Area ns of executive
patronage are dried up. Who but office
seekers have occasion to complain ? What
have the people iolf ? They are liberated
iromafyrtem unfavorable to the cause of free
dom. One million of dollars (thefum which
may be fairly r fin mated as the amount oi
w'hat me people paid dircftlv or infireftly on
account of these taxes) inflead of being thus
paid, is now retained in the pockets of those
who have labored for it, to be applied in
their own way to their ownufes. Who is in
jured ? Let him speak. Is the public credi
tor defrauded ? Does he not receive his inte
refl pundualiy, or his principal as soon as it
becomes due r Has so ample a proviflon ever
before been made for the national debt ? The
price of the flocks answers every objection, &
fllcnces eve.’-y murmur on this head.
Is u the common defence” infufficient, or
£C the general welfare,” unprovided for ? Are
the frontiers not well defended? Do you re
quire longer garrisons on the sea-hoard ? Is
commerce unprotected r Farmers, merchants,
manufactures mechanics, men of political
science, answer these plain queliions, then
:urn your attention to those who clamour ;
iee who they are, mark well their characters*
and draw your own conclusions.
But after ail, these arc not the quefiions.
Lis on the principle that the opposition ob
ject. It ncn the principle th:t republicans
ground their juAificanon. The theory with
which tne federalifls really view the confhtu
tion, a.id tlieir practice under it, proceeding
flepby flep towarus a favorite point arc de
tected and reprobated : Their fyflern ot pa
tronage and influence, wc will not fav their
barter and Die of the right of fuffrage,'but we
<my be permitted to ca.l ir their syflem cf ar
tificial injhieace, tending to corruption, is broken
U P* Ticre is the wound given to ambition,
a deadly wound, which rankles in the hear:
jf diction, and envecoms the whole corps of
ariflocracy. Defeated, dilappointed and ex*
pwied in their flattering projecc of introducing
f theocratic lyilem of influence, under the
ioecirs guile of federaiifm, they are now at
tempting to divert your attention, fellow-ci
tizens, from the great quertion between the
two parties. Reluctant to meet the princi
ple, and unable to defend at, they fluin the
diicuffion of its merits, and .tup l ? themselves
to the avarice,to the weak With which they
know the human nature abounds ; they apnprfl
to your prejudices, and woulc^cover j/our
judgment with delusion. With'an effrontery
unpa r allelcd in the Ifflory of a C(v’ > i*es, they are
endeavoring, by popular clamour and ,mifre
preientarions, to disgust you wirtv a free go
vernment of your own adoption* and divide
you from the conflitutcd authorities cf your
own choice.
Attend to their objections, and in a moment
their inort lived-shadowy influence will va
‘ mih l.ke a dream. Their firll and great ob
jection is, that all the revenues of the coun
rry, whether of impofl, tonnage, or excise, are
not more than adequate to defray the nation
al expences, and to provide for the public
debt ; that the internal taxes ought net to
I have been abolished, because they were
neceflary to the payment. And yet in the
lame moment, the lame party propose a re
peal of the duties on Lit, on the loCv priced
teas, and on lugar and collee, amounting to a
much larger sum !
If they d*d really believe that the internal
| taxes could not be dispensed with, could they
!be Willing to repeal thedut/eson imported
articles of great amount ? But fay they, the
duties on sugar, tea, and coffee, fall on the
pour. VVno laid tho'e burthens on the poor?
j v\ no !iave)rom time to time increased theie
| burthens or. the poor ? And who if they had
| continued in power, would have (Till increased
j a } n '* them to every article of life, from
| cue light of heaven admitted through our
! windows, to tne hearth, which admimhers to
our culinary -wants ? The men who have ex
pended millions on armies and navies, who
have gixen a premium of 3 per cent, for mil
lions of dollars : under whole administration
uie public deb: lias been augmented at the
j !ci ' e 01 a r,l iihon of dollars a year, during ten
years of uncommon prosperity, and with a re
venue in their hands of ten millions a-year ;
me men who have forfeited the public confi
dence and are new insidiously addrefling your
paliions and courting your good opinion.
Vv ithouc however confulering the excise as
forming part in a lyrtcm of meafurcs unfavo
raoie to liberty or creating an influence un
known to the conflitution, calculated to hum
ble tne ft ate governments, and to effeft a
conloiidafion of the general government, or
as vexations and o preiflve to the citizens,
the following view of its partial and unequal
operas ons, together with tne enormous ex
penle of collection, wflljuftify the abolition
ro every candid mind.
(do be continued.)
A LEX AXD RI A, Olio er 1 fl.
ExtraU of a letter from Messrs. CollowfFreres ,
Carmichael (A Cos. at Havre, to their corref
fort dents in this city , dated July 23.
A law has just palled for est a bli fifing an
c.tiepot tor colonial produce in certain ports
of this country, (and Havre is one of them)
wrick appears to be a measure of such gene
ral interest to the commercial world, that w e
presume the enclosed copy of it, publffiied
here this flay, will be acceptable to you.”
if t ttiCipicii Clciujes cf the Law rcjpefimg
L abaca.
Foreign tobacco cannot be introduced
by land under penalty of connfcation as well
•sos tne hones and carnages employed in
tranfpo ting it*
Itcan only be imported by fe?, in vessels
of 100 rons and upwards, and into the ports
Oi Odend, Dunkirk, Tlavre, Dieppe,
ivToriaix, St. Maioes, L’Orient, Nantz,
Rochelle, Bordeaux, Cette, and Marfciiles,
unoer pain of confifcation of the merchan
dize as w-ell as of the veffd.
The importation of foreign tobacco on the
•Oitn and eafl frontier can only be made bv
one of the towns of Cologne, Mayence, and
; S eras burg, under tne fame penalties, as in the
j proceeding.
Foreign tobacco (hall continue to pay 33
fs. u. foreign (hips, and 22fs. in French (hips.
Ihe tobacco may remain in entrepot dur
mg ibtii months as oefore, without payment
of duty.
N o reduction in duties to be allowed on ac
count of damage; but the damage, if any.
is to be afeertained and the proprietors may
-bdraft the parrs damaged to be burnt or ex
ported, but without separating the (talk from
the leaf.
Tobacco in leai shall not be allowed with
four leagues of the coast or frontiers, with
out an acquite-a-caution on pain of confifca
qon, ar. well as or the vehicle of tianfoorta
tion and double the duty besides.
The duty of 20s. (hall be eftablifned upon
every species of fabricated tobacco, and that
duty upon foreign (hall be paid upon the leaf
wnea taken out of tne enrerpot
There are *!fo regulations for the manufac
tories, and for the officers appointed to fu-
and for the tobacco of the
growth of France.
Frankfort, (KM October
Extract of a later to the Eld tor, dated
cennes, September 17 th, 1802.
1 have now to co:mnunic#Pe tlfl|
pleasing refillt of our council wltfh tl
Radians. Every objecT for which kye 9
golden*, so far as it relates to us, i< cm9j
pie tel y obtained. They wifl
attention and apparent pleasure, to
plans proposed for their advancemeW
in civilization. They all promised theifl
firmed support in carrying the mea9
tires of the pnTident into die ft. t 9
governor Harrison’s perfeverence an 9
unremitted attention, its luccefsful ilil9
is jufllv to be alcribed. 9
“ the Indians have relinqnifticd to tl9
United states a beautiful fertile conntijH
twenty-four leagues lqtiare—lt extenJ
north and Couth, from Point Coupee t 9
the mouth of White river, and from 9
line drawn parallel to Ihe general cottrH
or the Wabash, twelve miles to the wt 9
of this town, across towards the Ch 9
—lt is expefted it will extend to, <9
near the Illinois grant# They have
granted the privilege of working tl9
great fait spring, on the saline#rive9
neai the Onio, with tour miles (quare
land, including the spring, which w 9
aflord a plentiful supply, of fuel for thl
ialt wonts tint will there be erefted--J
It isunqueflionably the bell fait fprinJ
that is pouched by the wellern couiil
try. Arrangements will shortly txl
made by government for the disposal
of this tract of country ; and we may
jullly felicitate ourfelvcs with the pleas>
ing hope, that at no dirtant period, our
wilderneflfes that are now travel led only
by lavages and wild beads, will give
way to wealthy populous settlements.”
IV AS 11 INGT ON, Oslo her 25. i
We learn that the Trench national
fc ho oner finfant Prodique, from Guadl
aloupe, which she left on the 2 6di
tember, has put into A/ew-2ork for did
purpose of delivering dispatches to tjJ
address of Mr. Tichon, and that The
proceeds immediately to France.
The colonial perfect, Mr. Lefcallier,
had, by an arrette, opened the colony
to foreign vessels. The information re
ceived by Mr# Pichon dates the colony
to be in want of provificns 5 and eipeci
ally fait beef and pork.
General Lacrosse had been indallecl
in the government by general Fichpanfe
but only temporarily, toaffert the pow
er of government. He was to give up
the government in a (hort time to gen-’
eral ivichpanfe, and to proceed to ano
ther defoliation affigntd him in thecolo
nies ; but in consequence of
of general Richpanfe, general LacrofM
retains the government.
Translation of a letter written by rear admiral Lacrosse
captain general of Guadaloupe, to Mr. Pichon.
Basseterre, 3?h Vendamaire, the ntb
year (26 Seprember, 1802.)
I have the honor to inform you, citi
zen commiflary, that by a decision juft*
taken by citizen Lefcrjlier, counfeilor
of date, colonial prefeft at Guadaloupe,
all the ports of this colony (hall in future
be open, as formerly, to the American
veffeis, and the exportation of colonial
produce permitted on paying duties.
( signed J Lacrosse.
PENNSYLVANIA ELECTION.
For Governor
Counties. IvTKean. Rffs.
Montgomery, - 2,103 1,283
Delaware, - - 722a
Chcfter, - * 2,320 1,92^
Luzerne, - 274 6SO
Fayette, “ 1,290 424.
or k, - - 1,364 45 5
Dauphin, - . • 3 c(>
Northampton, - 3 >210 0
Backs, - 4,240 s;^
Philadelphia City, - 1,042 1 ci7
Philadelphia Cos.
Maj. about - 2,003
Lancaftcr Cos. Maj. of- 700
22 >59 4 8,34^
8,343
Republican Majority, - 14,251
This great majority will be confiderablf
extended by the votes of the counties from
which returns have not yet been
The strength of the fedcralifts is nearly
haufled in the above counties. We have noc
the votes given for each reprelcntative:
to cor gr efts, considering the votes gi\**ea