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... <vyjU 9 :
uie captaincy of the same
name, 15000 ; ‘and Rio Grande, 5000; there are
other towns in these captaincies of one, two, and
three thousand. The remainder of the population
j* scattered in villages, farm houses, and planta
tions, occupying patches of cultivated lands, sitr
roandei by forests and unsubdued tracts. The
dimate is salubrious and ‘temperate, the ther
mometer rarely rising above the eighty-fourth ile
?ivc ; and the soil, though difficult to bring into
ultivation on account of the luxuriance of spon
taneous vegetation, yield? in prodigious* abun
dance. The pure atmosphere and healthful cli
mate give tone and sensibility to the physical or
gans of the inhabitants, while nature spreads be
fore them a perpetual bajiquet, and unceasingly
regales their senses with the mingled beauty of
flowers and richness of ripened fruits.
Til** provinces of South America were nodoubt
remind *d, bv our revolution and subsequent, na
tio nl importance, that they were but colonies,
though they might be independent and powerful
states; yet the Pejmambucans, with the other in
habitants of Bra7.il, lived on in contented and in
glorious loyalty, till Bonaparte drove their sov
ereign from his European capital. The news of
the prince’s voyage having: preceded him, the
governor of Pernambuco fitted out a vessel laden
with provisions, to meet the royallleet, and the
people testified their lovaltv and joy bv voluntary
contributions of all sorts of delicate refreshments
with which to welcome their sovereign. On his
arrival and establishment at Rio Janeiro, they
that the era of the glory and happiness of
tho Bra7.ili.ihs, had commenced. These hopes
were disappointed, as was to be expected, but the
disappointment was hot sudden, and produced
little sensation among the people. They antici
pated some great and glorious good, they hardlv
defined to themselves what, which, when they
failed to realise, they felt rather the regret of
parting with a pleasing illusion, than resentment
at having sustained a serious wrong. They have
never, like us, been in the habit of coming over
their grievances till they had learned them bv
note, or reiterating remonstrances and demand
ing with respectful, but bold and per
severing importunity. iJit though they were not
Versed in the a-ts of resisting and controlling the
adm : ui if ration of government, and had not made
a m iltit.ide of political maxims a part of their ha
bitual system of acting and thinking, still tlvey
were not regardless of the aTairs of government,
Ur oncojisciols that they had personal rights and
interests. The moral and political commotions,
tha* have been agitating society, produced some
*e nation in the p.>-t tgee colonies ; aud the iiw
cceaiingand steady ‘plendour of reason, as well
as toe fitful and faring coruscations of the new
Shilosoohv, emi Rod faint glimmerings into that
Htant region f)T mental obscurity. Tjiiejr hid
been taugm by in*<rco*irse with ftugfishnien and
Americans, that kings were at least, made as
Y
\ * ; sixth,
arrest of Domin-
..jaruns; a distinguished merchant. But
to prevent alarm, the officer was ordered to direct
Martinis *o wait upon the governor. He readily
attended the messenger through the streets, and
over the bridge that separates the different parts
of the town, till they came to the common gaol,
when he was informed that he was a prisoner, and
was put into confinement. Three military officers
were in the meantime arrested,one of whom, by
name of Domingos Theotorio Jorge, understand
ing the cause of the arrest, exclaimed against the
injustice and tyranny of the proceeding, as he
was passing through the streets to the place of
his confinement, and called upon the citizens to
take up arms.
It was now about one o’clock, when another
officer went to the quarters of the soldiers, to
arrest a captain by the name of Joze de Barrosj
Lima, who drew his sword and stabbed the offi
cer, and being seconded by his son in law, they
killed him on the spot. Intelligence of this trans
action being carried to the governor, another of
his officers, coveting the glory of bringing rebels
to punishment, offered his services to go and fetch
Banos. The governor would have dissuaded him*
but he persisted, and was accordingly dispatched
on the commission. But he volunteered his ser
vices in an unfortunate enterprise, for the scene
that had just been acted, and the address and ap
peals of Barros and his son ih law, had wrought
up the soldiers, about two hundred in number, to
the highest pitch of enthusiasm and desperation,
so that on coming to their quarters, he found
them under a n ras and was saluted with the cries
of liberty , Jong live Joze de Barros Lima, long •
live onr country : and as soon as the soliders saw
him, they exclaimed another tyrant, there is our
enemy, and immediately discharged their pieces
at him, and he was perforated by so many balls,
that “ his body was,” to use the narrator’s ex
pression, “ like a sieve.”
This had passed in a short space of time, it
being now about 2 o’clock, when Pedro de Bilva
Pedroza,’ a captain of artillery, put himself, at
the head of the soldiers, and led them towards”
the prison, which they forced, and set Martins,
whom we have before mentioned, and about 900
other prisoners, debtors, &c. at liberty. Martins
harangued the soldiers, demanded aim s for the
prisoners, and called upon the citizens toespoqse
the cause of their country. He was answered
with shouts of enthusiasm and applause. A bo
dy of fire hundred was instantly formed, who,
with Peilrozaaml Martins at their head, proceed
ed directly to the treasury, where the marshal
was already stationed with about four hundred
militia hastily assembled, they hardly knew for
what cause. Both parties seemed lobe fully sen
sible of the importance of the four millions of dol
lars dnnosited there, either in promoting or ob
structing a revolution. * They proposed to the
Marshal the alternative of surrendering, with the
promise of departing in safety to the fort, or re
sisting without the hope of quarter. He chose
the former, and very prudently, as appears from
„dV.
But no
omim.ted, ex
some twelve or
,n these exclama
eventh, the governor,
i ‘ll him, took Ins depar
w;, be> n g guarded by the
. bor, and till he was beyond
. and insult. Bands of music
r in the streets, as signal of
j>u (jeace.
iat\y on the eighth, the people were assem
jled in the court of the treasury, to hear and ap-
Firove a paper, signed by thirty or forty of their
cutlers, in which Jacio Ribeiro Pessoa, a priest;
Mr. Martins, already mentioned a merchant;
Domingos Theotorio Jorge, a ‘military officer, and
one of those arrested ; a land holder, who had al
so been a colonel of militia; and Joze Luiz de
Memlonca, a lawyer, were proposed as the mem
bers of a provisional government. The people
elected them by acclamation, after the manner of
the French revolution.
During all this time and a few following days,
patriots were flocking into the town from every
direction, armed, some with guns and others
with pikes, or whatever other rude weapon they
could hastily fabricate or procure. But their be
iug no service for them to perform, they return
ed peaceably to their homes. Many of the. priests
took up arms, and offered their services to the go
vernment. l'he students of the college of Olinda
were formed into a military company, for the
practice of martial exercises. Some of the plan
ters offered all their horses to mount the cavalry
that was forming, and presented great supplies of
provisions for the. use of the army. The vicar of
the Cape of St. Augustine, a town on the coast
eighteen miles south of Pernambuco, came into
the hall where the new government was sitting,
on the Sunday morning after the revolution,
which took place an Thursday, and offered to
to make them a present of all his own property,
and told them, that if the public exigencies re
quired it, the silver candlesticks of his church
should be. at their service. In the afternoon of
the same day he brought in a slave, the Only one
of which he was master, whom he declared free,
that he might enter the public service as a soldier,
declaring at the same time, that he himself should
be ever ready to die by the side of his manumit
ted slave, fighting in the cause of liberty.
Intelligence was soon received that the capt
aincies of Paraiba and Rio Grande of the North,
had followed the example of Pernambuco. At
Paraiba the women offered to the new govern
ment all their jewels and trinkets, and even
desired to bear arms by the side of their husbands
and brothers, and prove themselves worthv de
scendants of the heroes who drove the Dutch
from Paraiba in IG4O.
On the ninth, the new government published a
proclamation, calculated to quiet the apprehen
sion of the Europeans, and unite them in tlie pat
riotic cause.
This proclamation was the “"first thing ever
printed at Pernambuco. It was fortunate for the
patriots, that about 2 years ago, a Mr. Cathauho
had imported a printing press into Pernambuco.
He had spent the intermediate time and about
twelve hundred dollars, in conducting a petition
through the ministerial avenues to the throne, and
a few days before the revolution, had procured a
royal license to print at Pernambuco, sich things
as the governor and his council might approve.
He had sold the privilege and the press to Mr.
Martins, who made a present of the press to the
new government.
A second publication issued fromtlis press bn
the tenth, which was an account of the revolution
that had just taken place, and the translated tifle
of .vhich is prefixed to this article. This paper
is drawn up not without ability; & if. well adapt
ed to the circumstances under yhich it was
ount to bo somewhat favora
as it probably is, still it ap
✓e among them no inconsidera
ence, and liberality of views.—
ke advantage of circumstances
/ and address, and to use every
nding and multiplying their re
whateverbe their talents or cour
nt that their limited resources ren
dependent on the disposition of the
t ‘Brazil.
or Wolcott, of Connecticut, experi
jit of apoplexy on Wednesday or Tnurs
y w last week. Although the attack was at
iirst alarming, it passed on, and we understand
his friends in this city have received intelligence
from him within a dayor two, that he was so well
as to be about, and was considered as nearly re
covered. /V. F. Daily Jidv. 10 'h inst,
Brownsville, (penn.) mine 25-
Cufimis robbery.— Some” time since, a horse
thief stole ahorse near Steubenville, Ohio, in the
following manner :—during the night, he went to
a field, adjoining the mansion house, in which
were two horses—one a young horse, which was
difficult to catch, the other an old one, easily
caught. While he was attempting to catch the
young horse, the owner awoke, and listening,
heard a man say to himself—“ since I can’t cattgl
you, I’ll take the old one.” The owner, know
ing that with the young horse he could overtake
the thief, permitted him to proceed. As sqon af”
he was gone, the owner caught t>rts''yfnsfigfiorsf,
and went directly, properly armed, in pursuit of
the thief. On observing that he was pursued, he
left the horse and run into a deserted cabin by the
road side. The owner tied his nag, and follow
ed the thief into the cabin—who had by this time
climbed to the top of the chimney; jumping
down, he ran to tne young horse, untied and
mounted him, and was clear ofl, before the own
er returned from the cabin.
A good German Story. —The son of an old
farmer, by some chance or other had travelled
through several remote countries, and as is not
uncommon in such cases, returned home much
richer in lies than in knowledge. A few days af
ter his arrival, he accompanied his father (a pret
ty shrewd old fellow) to a market at some dis
tance from the village. It happened that a mas
tiff'dog passed that way, which as soon as the
young man beheld, “Bless me, father,” cried he,
“ this dog p’-ts me in mind of one I saw in my
travels, at least as large as the largest of our cart
horses.”
“ What you tell me,” replied the father, grave
ly, “ astonishes me ; but don’t imagine that in
this country we are wholly without prodigies; bv
and by we shall come to a bridge, which we shali
be obliged to pass, and which is much more ex
traordinary than the dog of which you have been
talking. They say it is the work ot some witch.
All I know of it is this, that there is a stone in
the middle of it, against which one is sure to
stumble, as he passes on, and break a leg at least,
if it so happens that he has told a lie in the .course
of the day.,’
The youth was a little startled at this strange
account “At what aerate you are walking, fa
ther ! but to return to the dog—how large did I
say ? As your largest horse ?~Nay, for that mat
ter, I believe it might be saying a little too much
for I recollect it was but 6 months old; but I would”
be on my oath that it was as big as a heifer.”
Here “the story restedmntil they were a mile or
two advanced on their way. The young man
was very far from being comfortable. The fatal
bridge appears at a distance. “ Hear me, fa
ther; indeed the dog we have,been speaking of
was very large, but perhaps not quite so large as
a heifer ; I am sure, however, it was larger than
a calf.”
At length they arrived at the foot of the bridge.
The son stopped short —“ Ah father,” S3ys he,
you cannot be such a simpleton as to believe I
have seen a dog of such a size ; tor since I must
speak the truth, the dog I met in my travels was
about as big as the dog we saw an hour or two
ago.” London pa.
At Ajaccio, in Corsica, six brigands lately suf
fered the punishment of death for their crimes,
with a degree of obdurate ferocity which may e
qual any thing in the annals of human turpitude.
Three of them were brothers, of the age of from
twenty to thirty years. When asked, a few hours
before their execution, if they would eat some
thing—“ We will give you (said the gaoler) what
ever you desire.” “Ah well then,” replied they,
“ give us the heart of naming one of
their enemies ! Ib, •
‘jlicy of the old
y between the
ns, the plain
tt ofhees and
mr. it speaks
■normous ex
ns the people
ulcates upon
ty of views,
• agriculture
t neither the
placed, and
r functions,
‘.at activity
ents in the
ening the
tdining an
five legi
sand live
‘tlMdiscipr
• ltlwas in
- .nty-i offf
y (fhis ; k,be
e king can
that, at a y
A'lvort of what
ti e interior,
continually har
eking them off one
conquerors,
rk, tlmt oi:e of the
entirely t blacks,
are now of considerable
;ely to be so, if the revoiu-
