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About Weekly chronicle & sentinel. (Augusta, Ga.) 183?-1864 | View Entire Issue (March 6, 1845)
Wtekto Cfironwlt & ScntuuL OLD SERIES, VOL. LIX. TJ»E CHRONICLE & SENTINEL t»*»*BLISHSD DAILY, TBI-WEBKLY, AND WEEKLY BY J. W. & W. S. JONES. The Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel IS PUBLISHED AT Three Dollars per annum—or one subscriber two years, or two subscribers one year for 85. Ten subscribers, one year, for 820.00 Tri-Weekly paper, at Five Dollars per annum. Daily paper, at Ten Dollars per annum. C ash System.—ln no case will on order for the paper be attended to, unless accompanied with the money; and in every instance wfien the time for which any subscription tnay be paid, expires before the receipt of funds to renew the eubsenp tion, the paper will be discontinued. Depreciated money received at its value in this city. FRIDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 28. jJp.Mr. Botts has been unanimously nomi nated by the Whigs in Convention, as the can didate to represent the Richmond Congression /■al District. ‘ Jealousy or American Manufactures.— > The merchants of Liverpool, in their memorial **' to Sir Robert Peel, say: “The mos t formida ble rival of the British manufacturers in this trade is found in the rapidly increasing and im proved manufactures of the United States," and give as a proof of the progress ot manufactures in tile U. S., the great increase of the export rade to China. in, Lon necessity of availing themselves ot the triumph of the anti-protection parly in the United States, Io engross the supply ofourinarketswithßritish manufactures. It urges also very strongly the expediency of repealing the duty on raw cotton. Illinois.—The Illinois Legislature have voted to adjourn sine die on the 31 March next. At the last accounts, the Journal of Commerce says, the prospect was favorable for the passage of the Revenue Bill, which, by imposing a tax to be applied towards the interest of the State Debt, secures the advance by the bond holders of the $1,G00,000 requisite to complete the Illi nois and Michigan Canal. Another Failure.—The third trial to elect a member ol Congress from the third district of Maine, has prov rd a failure. Mt. Herrick falls 454 short of an election. It is a strong demo cratic district, but the failure to elect is caused by a division in the parly. Another Express.—The Mobile Herald of Thursday 7 , has the following notice of a new en terprize : There isa priyateexpressorganizingbetween Montgomery ana Stockton in this State. It is designed, in connection with the old private ex press, to gain two days on the United States slow mail. The Postmaster-General will have to compete with it or put it down. A Sao Truth.—“ The Town,” is the title of a new Saturday paper published in New York, “devoted to Fun,” but acidulated by some touches of rather sharp satire, which has just appeared. From the fact that there is more lile in it than in the mass of its order, we infer that it will live. The following extract arrays a grave, sad truth in a garb which may raise a faugh from the unthinking, and will apply with equal justice to some other places we know ol as well as to New York. We wish it could be read by every member of a Church. We will not do them the injustice to call them pious, who subject their domestics to the performance of such duties during the hours ol Church ser vice. & A’ew Missionary Effort. — At a recent meeting of the A. B. C. X. Y. U. a member proposed ? to employ a corps of colporteurs to distribute ft a tractuumaag. the servants of rich people, who ESSKWlWffffWHWiwP! 'Mm hum , jiuin i and scullions are at work cooking theirdinners. A short-nosed man remarked that he had al ways supposed that the prayers ol the master or mistress answered for the whole e-tablish ment. If thought necessary, a prayer might be put in the service tor the benefit ot those who were holding the horses outside, or at home roasting the turkeys. A very short, red-faced gentleman moved that a committee be appointed to inquire whether flunkeys had souls to be saved, or whether they were worth the trouble. For his pait, he was in favor of Christianizing the South-Sea Islands first. Experience had proved, he said, that the lower classes of our people could do without it. Finally, a committee was appointed to ascer tain the number of servants who stand outside of our churches every Sunday, while their mas ters ate praying within—what mfmber arc kept at work at home, and whether they are in a likely way to get to heaven under their present circumstances. Our own opinion is, that a fashionable pew in a fashionable church, soft cushions of velvet and gold clasped prayer books, a good organist and choir, a fine coach and horses, with coach men and lootmen, make the path of religious duty somewhat smoother than John Bunyan has described it. g~*r A wood sawyer in St. Louis has had his house robbed of 82,700, accumulated in the exer cise of his OT«/i’ssro7i. Incendiarism in Columbia, S. C.—Within the last week, two unsuccessful attempts have been made to tire the town. The “ Chronicle" of the26lh instant says:— “These repeated attempts to set fire to dif ferent quartets of the town have spread conster nation and alarm among our citizens. No one knows when he is sate from the vile incendiary, and the secret manner in which these attempts have been made appears to defy all vigilance. We learn that lhe Insurance Companies have caught the panic, and refuse to take any further risks. A public meeting has been called to adopt such measures as will be calculated to secure our town from the dangers to which it has so often been exposed of late by the incendiaries. The measures proposed will be a more perfect organization of our Fire Department. A Practical Man’s Views. The following plain, sensible letter, from a practical man to the Editors of the "Southern Recorder" deserves to be read by every man in lhe community, who has al hemt the Hue inte rests of Georgia. A lew such men in every _ county in lhe State, would give a new tone and direction toTiie energies of our people, arid sev en re a higher degree of prosperity than has dawned npon Georgia for years, Messrs. Grieve and Orme —Getr2Zr»un Weie Ito consult my own feelings, I certainly would not put one sentence on paper with the expectation of seeing it again in a public news paper; but should any remarks 1 may be able to make, be the means of promoting the interest of one single individual, it would hilly repay me tor all the criticisms which may be made, should you deem it worthy a place in your paper. Be lieving the time has arrived when we should a wake irt tn ourslumbers, and view the present desponding condition of almost every class in t u e community, it behooves us all to seek, if possi ble, a remedy. Though we might not b-r able topointout one that might make a speedy etire; yet we might be able to give a few practical hints that, if pursued, might tend to strengthen the system, and thereby make a more lasting enre. In the first place, I cannot believe we shall ef fect much in recommending the reduction ot crops. I cannot take it, for leai my neighbor will not, and thereby profit by my loss of time. Were we to recommend grain, stock, &c., they would contend that although it might cur : them of one disease, it might bring on a worse one; for if cotton brings but little, it always willbring something; and if every one was to turn his at tention to the other, the surplus would bring no thing. I have no faith in believing that we could pursuadeour farmers to try Silk, Indigo, Tobacco, or anything of the sort, in this section. But I have one other remedy tootfer, and I have noticed that there are some that have determin ed to try the effects—that is the manufacturing ot coarse cotton goods «uch as Bagging, Osna- Twine, Bale Hope, &c., in every section of the State, thereby becoming the consumers to a great extent, as well as the producers. It would not only lessen the production, by the hands engaged in manufacturing, but would open a market for provisions, and lessen the production in that way; and at the present low price, or even at any price, we might expect Bagging, Osnaburgs, Av., could be furnished lower than they could be procured elsewh :r». The poor est eoilea would answor lhe purpose—thereby enabling the farmer to get a much higher price for the belter article. Now the cost of trans portation to have those articles manutactured at the North, would te equal to sixty per cent., which would forever defy competition. In the next place, there is no part of the world that is more favored than this section (middle Georgia) with fine water privileges, fine never-failing streams, with splendid sbc-ls, abounding iu timber and ruck, and every conv nieuce ; and I presume numbers would give the privilege ol erecting a factory gratis, n.ere'.y to be a partner themselves. I can speak for one, who has a fine situation, (without interfering with my Mills.) The entire privilege ol the Uieofahat cltee River, 12 miles from Covingion, and 14 ftorn Monticello, with land sufficient to erect the factory, and cut a canal on, with fine spring water, and a healthy location, would be a gratu itous donation, on the terms above—say I would take one filth or sixth part Pet haps there is no other section possessing equal advantages with this county, (Newton.) Toe Georgia Rail Road running through it, with a Depot at Cov ington,furnishes every facility lor transportation, and will always be a place where the raw mate rial can be procured on as good terms as any other part ol the State. Very respectfully, JOHN WEBB. P. S. Should any gentleman visit this section in search ot a location, I should be happy to see him al my house, aod u ill take great plea sure in showing him. Webbville, New ton County, Ga. The Closing Scene.—The Washington Correspondent ol the New York Courier, says— As Mr. Tyler’s political career flickers in its socket, he finds the miserabledifference between honest confidence and lip service. Few call on him now, save the cormorants who seek to devour the remnants.of his administration. Alt -Attiu* bu . —T» W wr- r<. . ■ ; I by whom he was elevated, have long since left him. Gladly would he receive their for giveness, if he could recover their respect. The forlorn condition ol the White House, its empty rooms, anil uncomfortable halls attest the deser tion by which it is overtaken. That which should accompany the retirement of a faithful President—“ honor, love, obedience, troops of friends” —the retiring Chiel Executive must not Mok to have;—not even that mouth-honor— false semblance of respect I whose absence is yet bitterly regretted. Whatever merit may be due some of the public acts of his administration —even had his active part therein been greater than it has— the damning disgrace of his having first deserted the party to which, he owed his pro motion, and then used the influence that promotion gave him to destroy it, will never leave his memory : for wherever and whenever the name of Tyler is hereafter pronounced, the Whig will frown, and the Democrat blush, at the associations the sound conjures up—and the words, Tyler, trea son, turpitude, as they begin with the same letter, will be suggestive of the same meaning. Great Fire at Ponce, Porto Rico.—Cap tain Leßrou, of the brig Water Witch, arrived here yesterday from St. Johns, reports to the Exchange Rooms the account ot a great de struction of property bv fire in the bay of Ponce, on the 3d in st. The fire broke out about hall past nine o’clock in the morning, and in about ihree hour- consumed every house from the custom house eastward; being in all about fif teen of the principal houses and stores, and a large number of smaller ones of poor inhabi tants. The amount o| iirniwwtv lost is estimated at about 1 ~f-i ‘>oo,ooo dollars.— Balt. Amer. Fire.—On Tuesday morning, 25th instant, about five o’clock, the Phoenix Steam Saw Mill situate on Fig Island, opposite the citv of Sa vaanah, was discovered to be on fire. The alarm was soon given, but before assistance could reach the scene, the Mill and the Planing Machine attached, together with a quantity of sawed lumber was destroyed. At the time the fire broke out, the fog was so thick, that the flames could scarcely lie discovered on this side ot the river. The Mill was owned by Mt. Geo Newhall; widow Bird and children, J.isepTt Baldwin, and Dix Fletcher, and was insured for SIO,OOO —BS 00 in the Hartford Insurance Company and $5,000 in the JEtna Insurance Company of Hart ord. The Planing Machine belonged to Dix Fletcher, and was not insured —we understand the policy expired on Friday last, and had not been renewed. The total loss is estimated at from 15 to $20,000. When the fire was first discovad, it was some distance from the fie room, which leads us to be'ieve that it was the work ot an incendiary Char. Cour., 2'7th inst. from the “ Planters’(La.) Banner,”-deserves to be well studied by many of our planters. We present it as a model, and think it worthy of imitation by all who desire to belter their own condition or contribute to the advancement of agriculture in the South. Farming in Atlakupao.— The other day, we took a stroll to Mr. John B. Murphy’s plantation, near Franklin, to see a practical illustration of farming in connection with planting, “in Atta kapas.” Mr. Murphy has a force of about seven teen working hands ; and he made, this season, upwards ofc hundred hogsheads of sugar. His sugar-house is small, but it is remarkable for its convenience, compactnessand neatness. In ad dition to the mnltlfaiious duties of a planter of cane and manufacturer of sugar, he attends per sonally, (for he has no overseer,) to the diflerent departments of farming, gardening, horticulture, domestic economy, &c. One would suppose that he was a man worn down and harrassed by trou ble. But to look at him, there are no traces of anxiety in his countenance. On the contrary, he is always cheerful, and the picture of good health and contentment. He is out of debt, and instead of buying more land and more negroes, to make more sugar, he is satisfied with what ho has and makes the most of it. Contentment isa king dom. He knows that the reputation of making more sugar to the hand, than his neighbors, is often dearly paid for. His idea of a “ good crop” is as much sugar as he can make, without ne glecting other important branches of his busi ness; such, for instance, as preserving, and not exhausting, the productive qualities oi his land— keeping his horses, oxen, mules, buddings, fences and farming implements in good order— and making a plentiful supply of corn, meat, po tatoes. &c., for consumption on the plantation. This is the only correct policy, and Sir. -Murphy showshiswisdo.it in adopting it. He has now been about five years on his present plantation, and by draining alone, he has vastly improved its value. fits working force Is seventeen hands, (and about five more during sugar making,) and with it he made the last season, 103 hogsheads of su gar, 4000 gallons of molasses, 900 barrels of corn, upwards of 100 barrels of sweet potatoes, over 2500 pounds of pork, besides about 200 yards of domestic for clothing; and with all this there was no over-straining. To show how profitable farming may be made in this country in connection with planning, we will state a few particulars as to Mr. Murphy’s management. He has about one hundred and fifty head of cattle, which, (except the milch cows and work oxen,) he never winters. Con sequently the expense of keeping so large a number is quite trifling. He is now about im pr ving the breed, having recently purchased a Durham bull. He has a fiock ofxme hundred sheep, which cost him nothing whatever, except the housing every evening, which work is per formed by one hand. Some of those sheep are half Southdown. He has about sixty hogs, which require only a little corn to keep them genteel, 'rticy feed HiWmar.li and prairie. Dilling sugar-making he fattened pork enough, on skimmings, to serve the plantation several months. The hogs required only about two weeks’corn before killing. With wool from his own sheep, and cotton purchased ala cheap rate, he made during wet weather, about sixty yards of linsey and one hundred and forty yards of cotton stuff' for clothing. He has a spinning machine, and he had made on his own plantation a flying shuttle loom, with which the woman who wove four yards per day, with the old loom, weaves 12 yards in the same time with greater ease! But tins part is superintended by his good ladv, who makes an abundance of butler, &c., and has an immense quantity of poultry ot every variety. It was a pleasure to examine the arrangements in the poultrv y. rd. How different from those on most of our plantations. An in spection of this department alone is sufficient to show that Mr. M. is studious to promote the comfort of every living thing dependent upon him. His cattle, it is true, remain out ail win ter and suffer great privations ; but this is an “old custom’’ which it is difficult to remedy. Thu cattle do suffer in the winter, but they pick up in the Spring, and don’t appear to mind it. We should like to notice every department of Mr-M.’s farming operations, but we have not time or space. He has a fine kitchen garden, which supplies his family and his negroes with plenty of potatoes, cabbage, turnips, beets, &c.; for he allows the latter to have “ the run” of the garden, knowing that vege ables are raised at very little expense, and effect a saving of pork and doctor’s bills. He has a splendid orange grove, a fine orchard, with every variety of fruit, and he has also his ornamental grounds, and is constantly planting out trees of every variety! He is now about putting up a grapery and an apiarv. Suffice it to say, in conclusion, that Mr. Murphy “ takes the papers”—two or three of them agricultural—and he reads them too. He does not believe all they say—he judges for himself, and embraces no new theories until he has examined them thoroughly and sees them proved up, by lhe experience of those who can afford to spend time in making experiments. Consequently, ne practices only on certainties We might say much more, but we have alreadv said enough to show that a planter may engage with profit in farming— and that the system we have long recommended, is actually practiced in the "Paradise of Louisiana,” with>very suc- David Cr. ckett. Mr. Cook, the distinguished artist, with the touches ol whose pencil many of our citizens are (amtliar, has opened a splendid Gallery ol paintings in New Orleans. Among them isa fine life-like portrait of that renowned back v , odstnan, David Crockett, in a notice of which, the New Otleans Tropic pays the following eloquent tribute to his sterling virtues and his many excellent traits of character. "Among the many pleasing and instructive paintings in Mr Cook’s Gallery, No. 13 St. Charles streel, is a full length, lile size portrait of David Crockett, by Chapman—a picture so vigorously life-like and minutely characteristic, that the dullest ot the sturdy forester’s hunting dogs, if there be one left alive to mourn his big hearted master, would greet his lively semblance with found evidences of joyous emotion. “In this irulhlul picture, David Crockett himsell stands before you, lace to sac as the mere hero of way-side jests and drawing room eccentricities, as the paragrapbhts ot the day are wont to exhibit him ; but David Crock ett, the fronliers-man, strong-handed and stout hearted, and withal good naturedly scornlul ol the sludied manners and guarded speech which assume the special privilege and designation ol refinement. This is not the politician, but the straight forward Tennesseean, as all his neigh bors knew him, just in his dealings, true tn his friendships, unkind to none, and best loved by his own hearth-side. In this picture, the be nighted traveller of the forest will recognize the bale woodsman who gave him a hearty welcome to the frugal comforts of his fog cabin, guided him in the morning beyond, the intricacies of the bridal paths of his wilderness home, and at the parting, when the creek was safely shouted a freansoage f-HW’’!- itarstr tnrarrfiTrais allusion the- artist has lent a strong and pleasing ally, in the charac teristic drapery of the figure, and the wildscete ry amid which it is placed. The critically fa shioned and adjusted garb of cities is not there; cut the open throated deer-skin hunting-shirt is no less ornamental to the figure than the robust symetry ofthe hunter, so well portrayed by the artist, is harmonious with the unstudied grace fulness of its appropriate drapery. “There was one scene, the closing one in the lile of Crockett, that was painfully rich in the elements which the true artist would desire to seize for the illustration and embodiment of single handed bravery, and eager vengeance upon an unpitying hostol blood thirsty enemies. The skulking Mexican poltroon, who now whines abject supplications for his paltry head, is the direct author ol Crockett’s treacherous murder. The Alamo, of perfidious notoriety, was the scene ofthe tragedy.. There, alone in one ol the redoubtsof the castle, he was assailed by a file , sjean soldiers, not one of whom was "Vined as himself. His trusty \had never before shed hu weapon. Defying all hunrk.jp the cowardice of the more emies, before his good right ; and then, though his heartTpi’the speed and the power of his blows abated little by little, for he had bled fast from many wounds by bullet and by bayonet, and his death wound was among them. His murderers tell the story. His body was found entangled among the limbs and trap pings of the pile of foes that he had slain, and it is said that the seal of death impressed his coun lenance with the same expression of tranquil good nature tjiat chareclerizes the picture at which we have just been looking.” “Oh, 1 Would’n’tbc Her.” Comingdown Chestnut-street a few mornings since, our attention was drawn to the unsightly carriage, the Black Maria, of the Police Office, which was standing in Fifth below Chestnul-st., near the entrance to the lock up rooms. Jus' then one of the police officers gallanted up the steps, from the 1 Avernus’ nefow, a girl, apparently not jnore than fifteen years old, good looking, and exceedingly well dressed, a little tawdry, per haps, but still showy, and rather genteel. She was placed in the carriage, while the littlecrowd that had gathered together, appeared struck with admiration al the scene, where usually only squalid misery is exhibited, drunkenness in its worst habiliments, or the culprit in a garb that seems to give notice oi his character. Captain Bennett was there, to see that everything was done that should be done, and nothing done con trary to to the proprieties of the place ; while on the other side of the ascending procession, peered up the open countenance ofofficer Levin Smith, who was doing his part to sustain the and nodded her grateful recognition to the watchman, who had so gallantly helped her into the carnage, and who subsequently locked the door upon his passenger, and took his seat in the little closet on the other side. There whs a knowing wink or two cast, a signal of some thing telegraphed from one bystander to the oth er; and we turned to pursue our way to our morning’s labor, having no disposition to inter fere in the course of justice, or to trouble our self about its immediate object. We found that the appearancepf the young woman had eaused a great many passengers to stop at the corner; andamongthetn were two little Quaker girls, quite small, but sufficiently large to com prehend something of the impropriety of the voung woman’s position. When, indeed, do females not comprehend 1 Quick to approve what is right, they seem instinctively to compre hend the least inappropriateness of any pesition, especially of their own sex. “ Oh, does thee sec that,” said the smallest of the two. The oldest, about ten years of age, was, with open black eyes, the very picture of astonish ment. At length she exclaimed, not in reply to her companion, but as if responding to her own feelings, “ Oh, I would’n’t be her!” The vehicle started for Moj’amensingPrison, the crowd passed on, and the little girls proceed ed to their school, where, we suppose, they will learn hereafter that “ 1 would’n’t be she," is more grammatical, though not so colloquial, ‘as “ I would’n’t be her.” The look, and especially the exclamation ol lhe sweet little Quaker girl, still dwelt upon our mind. There was in it a sense of childish in nocence, of female purity, that started at crime which had exposed the young woman to the dealing of penal law, and shrunkaway from the unseemlintsa ot her present condition. Wiih the remembrance of her parent’s morning bless ing, and her own pure resolves, yet unbroken, she felt that she would not, and even could not, be like the one before her. She had not heard of the thousand avenues to sin and shame that opened out of life’s pathway. She thought some effort must have been necessary to have attained lhe bad eminence ot the girl in the cart. The sense of delicacy, the tender breathing of a mother’s solitude, yet fresh upon her mind, made her feel that tor worlds she “ would’n’t be like her." And she will not be, we suppose. The straight-forward instruction ot her sect, that seems to forbid the thought ot vice, almost of error in a female, will save her. And here after, should new associations, and contamina ting influences, expose her to lhe temptations of life, perhaps lhe sight which she then saw will be a beacon light on the dangerous shoal, to warn her against the shipwreck ot virtue. Perhaps, in other years, the tempter will try ; will Apeal through het heart to her senses; anu shuttmg out the distant view of certain conse quences, wilt inre her onward towards misdo ing ; then, amidst the confusion of disturbed principles, and the fading light of early instruc tions, and the waning influence of holy, pure resolves, just when the accusing spirit begins to blush lor the frailty of one deemed so pure, her guardian angel will sit before her thoughts, the fallen inmate of the police carriage, and in her new comprehension of the disgrace and iis cause, she will spring back to virtue, with the exclamation, “ 1 would’n’t be her.” It isdue sometimes to virtue, that we set be fore the young the certain end of vice; and, in deed, this is often done. The deformity of con summate degradation is so heinous, that the young and the pure, with holy abhorrence, and unmixed sincerity, when thev are told that they may commit lhe crime that will debase them so, will exclaim, with the Syrian, “ Is thy servant a dog, that he should do this thing T’ Yet the Syrian did commit the crime, and pure may, in age, become joathesomely vicious. Will not the awful end of error and vice, thus exhibited, warn them away 1 No, the lesson which child hood needs, is that which concerns the connec tion between vice and its consequences,disgrace and infamy—A«w one leads on to the other, what links unite. It is a long road from childlike in nocence to ripened vice, but it may be travelled rapidly. None see from the first stage, the loathesome goal, without as much horror and disgust as an angel would feel. These diminish with every stage, and th: miserable creature in the criminal cart, probably had in her eye some advanced object of whom she exclaimed, “ I would’n’t be her.” Let us hope that our little Quaker girl, and, indeed, all, will retain fresh and operative that purity of mind which, when they’ see vice in any form, the slanderer, the detractor, the en vious, the mean, shall teach them with holy ab horrence to exclaim, “Oh, 1 would’n’t be her.” —Plata U. S. Gazette. A Curious Document.— Among the archives ot South Carolina is a treaty made in the year 1684 between the colony of S. C. and the tribe of Cherokees. It is no doubt lhe oldest Chero kee treaty en reeerd. AUGUSTA, GA., THURSDAY MORNING, MARCH 6, 1845. SATURDAY MORNING, MARCH I. “A Visitto Lowell,” from the Louisville Journal, which will be found in our columns this morning, will be read with interest. It is written, says the Savannah Republican, in a most attractive style, and contains facts which cannot too frequently or distinctly be held up to the view of ou 7 Southern pee pie. Howstrong ly the condition of the operatives in New-Eng land contrasts with that of a similar class among us! How admirable the effect ot the system upon both their morals and physical condition! The man, or the set of men, who would transfer such a system to the Southern States with its accompanying blessings, would do more for the real, lasting benefit of our peo ple than have all the mere politicians since the days of Washington. Let every friend ol the South, every friend of industry and an ele vated humanity, read the article in question, and reflect seriously upon the subject. A Model Officer.—The Athens papers no tice the death of Ca; (.James Hendon, of Clark County, on the 14lh inst., in the Gist year ol bis age. The following extract, from his obituary notice, is ns true as it is complimentary to his sterling integrity and probity: “ The deceased was, at the time of his death, Deputy Sheriff ol Clark county, which office, with the office of Sheriff, he had filled for nearly thirty years to the satisfaction of all Prompt TMiw'ir. of .I. ' ,1 >folin.; ther Plaintiff or Defendant bad cause for com plaint; honest as any man that ever lived. Al though nearly two millions of dollars passed through his hands he was never ruled for a dol lar to compel payment, never speculated on pub lic funds, t r enriched himself at the expense of others. A Model Officer, he has passed from the sphere ot his usefulness, leaving a bright example for the imitation of his successors in office.” Fire in Hamburg.—The alarm of fire, last night about 8J o’clock, proceeded from Mr. J. Kennedy’s Blacksmith and Wheelwright shop, at the extreme east end of Hamburg, on the Edgefield road, which, with its contents, was consumed. From the Savannah Republican of lhe 27 inst. Late and Important from Barbadoes—De structive Conflagration. By the arrival at this port yesterday, of the Br. ship Britannia, Capt. Smith, from Bridge town, Barbadoes, we have received a file of the Barbadoes Globe <f- Official Gazelle, to the 10th instant. The Globe, of the Gth inst., is filled with an account of a must disastrous fire which occurred at Bridgetown, on the night of the 3d and morning of the 4th inst. That paper says: “A fourth ot the stone-built portion oi our City is in ruins!! Hundreds of the inhabitanfs are without homes, clothes, or furniture; and thou sands upon thousands of pounds sterling worth ol property has been destroyed in various ways or totally consumed by the devouring element!!” The Globe then gives a list of about two hun dred houses burned, and a statement ol lhe fosses incurred by the fire, amounting in the aggre gate to about two millions of dottars ! The Globe, of same afternoon, adds: “ All business in the city is still quite sus pended, thestores closed, and e verj’ one’s thoughts engrossed by the late overwhelming calamity The master and passengers of the Maidof Erm. which arrived here next morning from Grena da, describe the appearanceof the conflagration as seen by them fitly miles at sea, to have ex hibited a spectacle of tearful sublimity; but to us on shore it was one of unmitigated horror and awe, as we could only view it in detail, and amid the distractions of wailing and lamenta tion the cracking and roaring of the flames— the falling in of the roofs—lhe cries of the working parties to each other. The occasion al deafening explosions ot gunpowder, as the houses wereblown down by lhe Artill-Ty—and worst, and most revolting ot all, the hellish shoutings and huriahings of the dregs ofthe pot nlace, rejoicing at the progress ofthe work of destruction and desolation.” TheGfotethen gives the following remark in regard to the conduct ol file free negroes on the occasion, which is indeed a striking com mentary upon rhe practical workingot Aboli- -trulh compel us to notice ot indignant censure, the almost general dis graceful conduct of the lower classes ot the as sembled blaek male population; their manifes taiions of delight were hideous and demoniac, they would render no useful assistance, in bring ing waterto the engines or aiding in their work ing, but it was high sport to them to break into every house as the flames caught it, dash out shutters and windows which they could, if necessary, have easily opened, and thence fling into the street every heavy article ol furniture, even to tables and pianos—utterly reckless whether they fell or not on Jhe heads of those who were passing under on their lawful and benevolent pursuits; and after this public and ■ wanton destruction ot property they descended —staggering under the weight of valuable pro perty which the authorities were generally too busily engaged, to detain; and thus immense loss has been superadded to lhe already suffi ciently heavy sorrow of the homeless and the outcast.” The Governor had at once convened the House of Assembly for the purpose of taking into consideration the subject, and of affording relief to the sufferers. It wasalso recommended that a collection be made in every Church and Chapel in aid of the Funds for the rebel of the sufferers from the Fire, on Sunday the 16th February. His Excellency had also appointed a Committee of relief, and the spare wards of the Lunatic Asylum had been thrown open for shelter, as also the spare wards of the Central Policestation. A public meeting of the Citizens was held on the day following the fire, at which His Excel lency the Governor presided, and resolutions passed, taking immediate measures to afford re lief to the sufferers. News from Icheboe.— The Barbadoes Globe of the 10th inst. says: The barque Laldmans ar rived here from icheboe on Monday last with out one pound of Guano—neither was her. Ca ptain able to obtain any of that Manure, although he searched Mercury Island, and a considerable portion ofthe coast and other places without success—it having been taken away by the numbers of ves-els which bad visited there previous to his arrival. Captain Walker re ports that there was on a calculation about 25,000 tons ot Guano at Icheboe—which would be taken away by a fourth ot the vessels he’ left there. This statement can be relied on. From the Bridgetown Globe, of lhe 3d inst. Tobago.— From a number of the Chronicle newspaper ot the abov* named island, dated Jan. 23rd, and which came to hand on Friday last, we extract the following distressing intelli gence : “ Never do we recollect to have seen so much si. kness and so many deaths among the natives, as at this season. There is scarcely a family in and about town wherein some ol its members are not afflicted w ith Fever, or some other dis ease. The gentlemen of the medical profes sion have enough to occupy their time and em ploy their talents at present." The Weather.— On Saturday the wind blew from its old quarter—lhe Eastward—and enabled many ofthe Plan'ers of the island to grind down the Canes which we mentioned in our last as having been cut. To-day it is also from that point—but very light: all lhe Mills “within our ken” however are going round merrily. On Friday a whirlwind passed over a part of lhe city and its subutbs, which occasioned much alarm to lhe inhabitants. It was peculi arly severe in the vicinity of White Park Road, and on the wharf—some'trifling damage is stated to have been done by it. Electro-Magnetic Printing Telebrafh. —There is no end to wonder in our day; dis covery, invention, ingenuity seem for the first time fully to have come forth to battle with the powersol matter, and evoke the cun ningsecrets of nature. The wonderful activity displayed in mechanical contrivances, leads many into the projection of impossible schemes, which aim to effect what man can neverreasona bly hope to accomplish; but we think we saw yesterday something which will be of value. It was a model of an ‘ Electro-Magnetic Printing” apparatus, by which the intelligence conveyed from one end of a Telegraph to the other, will be given in a clear printed form. The Tele graph, in its present shape, uses various cha racters and dots, or scratches them on paper; from this, they must be translated into English. This printing apparatus seemsa most important improvement. The machine will pencil with great rapidity. The model which we saw was beautiful in its construction, and simple in its performance; its inventor is a gentleman of great ingenuity, and we believethe machine will perform what it is designed to accomplish.— Tribune. A Miss Susan Yates was arrested last even ing upon a capias, issued from the criminal coutt, and committed to jail. She is charged with aiding the escape of slaves to Canada and lhe free States from this vicinity.—£7. Louis NrvfEra, Feb. ft. From the N. Y. Courier and Enguirer. Later from Canton, By the ship Ann McKim, Capt. Vasmer, from Canton, we have Recounts to 20th Novem ber, nearly a month an l a halt later than our pre vious dates. We do not find much otinterest. In the Hong Kong OHe O s 19th October, we find an abstract of ftW Cushing’s treaty — which is commented upojf as beneficial to other nations, and among them to England. The translation is obvfously'iiiaccuraie,since among its supposed provisiona ls olle that no separate State in the Union an ambassador to China, lhe Hong says— “Commerce has gainsxfi-by Mr. Cushing’s mission, and that is the great point. It is not for nothing that America has been at the ex pense of his visit, and such a thing possi ble—without a dissoluiiori.y.l the American U nioo—and equal advantages to be derived from their presence, we shtiuldt’wish to see a repre sentative ol every starofTalich it is composed.” The Hong Kong Gaze® copies with appro bation from the Madias payer, articles impugn ing the career of Sir in China. It expresses its that lhe Indian Press is not blinded by stiejsss, and that though Sir He ry may have beett.g successful diplo matist, he was an especial kid Governor. Opium.— The crop for the year, is of Bengal 22,000 .aid Malwa 20,000 chests. Total 48,000 arfay; average of S7OO amounting to . <li 'WKong, 18lh Oct. The Portuguese bi >s Sir.lßfieia, was wrecked near Dansborgh’s bay. the 7ih inst. She is said tohave bi.' y I >'>ard 300 chests of the trew wererreated \ery harshly by some Chinese flshermetf. We learn by a letter from Macoa of the 24th inst., that Keying and hia suite had taken his departure that morning for Canton. Nothing seems to have transpired of the terms agreed on with M. Lagrenee, the French Ambassador. Various reports ot disagreements, principally on the subject ofthe embassy proceeding to Pe king, were in circulation tbroutjh lhe week, but the circumstance of the Imperial Commis sioner taking a passage in the t’ibnch steamer seems to give the quietus to any iuch opinion. In copying from the Singapore papers the ac count ot the destruction of pirafes at Borneo, which we published by a former arrival, the Hong Kong Gazette says that mthy European ships have been destoyed by thesqoutlaws. Sir Everard Howes, in the North S|ar, has gone from New South Wales to lhe Polynesian Is lands, with the intention ot breaking up the pi rates lhere. The Gazette expresses regret that some European power does notlibrm a settle ment on Borneo, for lhe protectioi of the people in the interior. The mouths ol tHe rivers are in possession of the Malays. The Oneida also arrived yestettlay from Can ton. We learn from Capt. Trtip that Capt. Curtis, lady, and crew, late of the Paragon, of New York, had arrived atCankn about Ist of November, in a Chinese jnnk. The Paragon from Manilla, with a cargo of rice, bound to Amboy. She was capsized in a jale and filled; the captain, his wifeand crew tool to their boats, which proved to be very leaky; tiree days after they were picked up by a Cbirese junk, who agreed to take them to Canton for S6OO. Capt. C. having lost everything,the moiey was made up by the Americans at Canton. Capt. C. and crew were very badly treated by tae crew of the junk. We also learn that a Britisi schr. (opium trader) had been captured by a Chinese pirate. The Captain, an Englishman, tas murdered and thrown overboatd. The crewwere Malays. Correspondence of the Courier if- Enquirer. Woosing River, Yang-tse-Kiang, i October 15, 1814. ) Everything is quiet here, and business pros perous. About a month ago, the British Con sul, Capt. Balfour, had sonts difficulty with the Chinese authorities, but as soon brought them to terms It appears that in some documentor communication passing between tkem, an in sulting expression was made use of by the Chi nese. The Consul demanded an immediate ritten apology. They wereililaiory in making it. Altera specified time, not receiving the re quired apology, Capt. Balfour hauled down the British flag and slopped all business. A mer ■antile firm placed a vessel at his disposal to carry any despatches he wished to send; but at this point oi the trouble lhe Chinese became alarmed, and yielded all that was asked. The new Governor, Ml Davis and the Ad miral, Sir T’hos. Coehrane, a.visti to Ninepo and Shanghai, st also at cdmmetiO greht ffow-if complimentary phrases, of which, you know, the Chinese are very fond. A few days ago a fire broke out within a few doors ot the residences of several British mer chants. No serious damage occurred The Chinese firemen work their engines remarka bly well, and in a very short lime the fire was extinguished; eight houses were burned. Had it occurred at night, the whole street would have gone, as the houses areall built of wood, and the streets are not more than seven feet wide. The.police, on such occasions, are very efficient. Another vessel has been lost on the Sands at the entrance of the Yang-t.-e-Kiang,—the brig Harriet, from Singapore. This is the third lost this year, viz: the ‘Levant packet,’ ‘Cornwall’ and ‘ Harriet.’ A friend of mine a few days since, at the Consul’s request, sent him a plan for a beacon at this place. It would probably cost $1(100, but whether it will be put up or not I cannot say. It is certainly greatly needed, as the shoal is dangerous. The U. S. ship St. Louis, Capt. Keever, left Chusan for Macao a day ot two since. Trade. Canton, Nov. 11, 1844. As advised in our last circular of 9th ult., the arrivals of cotton good? up to that time had fully supplied our wants, and dealers were well stock ed; subsequently supplies per Cohota, Valpa raiso, and Avalanche, remain chiefly in first hands, and prices may be considered 5 cents lower for drills, and lOcrntrfor shirting; as these shipments do not appear to be followed up, pre sent quotations will no doubt be obtained for those now in market. Importations of long cloths have continued on an increased scale, but as the proportions are one half white and one half grey, instead of) and J the former have declined and are neglected, while gtey goods are main tained and yield a fair result Dril s and Shirtings.— lsoo bales remain in first hands and last sales of the former were at 82 85 and S 3 a 3-10 for latter; none have yet gone north where drills are quoted at S 3, and sheetings 3 25 a 83 37. Long Cloths.— lmportations exceed those of last year nearly 50 percent.; grey 83 a 83 30; white 82 90 a 83 30. Yarns.— 22o bales American still unsold, worth 824, deliveries in October, 887 bales; stock 3665. Cotton.— Front the heavy deliveries of the last two months the consumption us this article would not appear to be affected by the increased supplies of cotton fabrics, and although our stock is larger than usual, holders are firm and prices maintained. The deliveries in October were— Os Bombay, 37,288 Stock, 89 238 bales. Bengal, 6,281 “ 22,740 “ Madras, 6,402 “ 38,049 “ 49,971 150,027 “ There has been no American in market for se veral months, and any quotation would be no minal. Theiast jaieirw«e-q4-£ombay 't 6-6a7 ; Flo Bengal, 6Ba 7-6; Madras, 7 Baß-4, duty paid. These prices leave a loss to shippers of 10al5 per cent, on all descriptions excepting Madras. Green Tegs have come in as freely as was ex pected, and the fear of losiag the favorite chops has induced the payment of prices fully 20125 per cent higher than last season. The quantity al ready settled is estimated at 20.000 packages, of which mostly Hyson, Gunpowder, Imperial, and Twankay for England, a few Hys.in Skins for New South Wales, and sereral chops for Ameri can account. The quality is good, and fully equal to last year’s. Os Black Teas, the Ningyong and Pouchong are of good average quality, and few of the Ning yong and Goka kinds of fine quality remina. The Phenomena of the Brain.—One ofthe most inconceivable thi/gs in the nature of the brain is, that the organ of sensation should it self be insensible. To cut the brain gives no pain, yet in the brain alone resides the power ot feeling pain in any other part ofthe body. If the nerve which leads to it from the injured part be divided, we become instantly unconscious of suffering. Ii isonly bveommnnicaticn with the brain that any kind of sensation is produced; yet the organ itself is insensible. But there is a circumstance more wonderful still. The brain itself may be removed, may be cut away down to the corpus calosum, without destroying life. The animal lives and performs all those func tions which are necessary to simple vitality, but has no longer a mind; it cannot think or feel, it requires that the food should be pushed into its stomach; once there, ii is digested, and the ani mal will even thrive and grow fat. We infer, therefore, that the part of the brain called the convolutions, is simply intended for the exercise of the intellect and faculties, whether of the low degree ofinstinct.or of thatexalted kind bestow ed on man, the gift of reason—llTgaii on the Durability rs the Mind. Mormons. — The Warsaw (Ill.) Signal says that the Mormons at Nauvoo are in a State bor dering on starvation, and yet hundreds are flock ing thither. MONDAY MORNING, MARCH 3. Progress or Events at Washington.—The storm which has been gathering among the “ Democracy,” since the success of Mr. Polk! seems to bo assuming a more lowering aspect as the 4th of March approaches, and at our latest advices threatened to break with all its fury upon their heads. The rival factions are becoming daily more and more acrimonious as the prospect ol success darkens upon the view, aad they give vent to their feelings in no very measured phrase. Thus the correspondent of the Charleston “ Mercury," in a recent letter, which we have i alicised as given below, gives unerring indications ofthe fateof Mr. Calhoun. “ 1 shall be compelled to set up for a prophet, in spite of my mo esty 1 told vou at the open ing ofCongress that the Tariff would not be modified this session. So it turns out. I told you than Texas could not be admitted without other aid than the Democratic votes. So it pro ved in the House, and so it will prove in the Senate. Z told, you that Mr. Calhoun would not 'ie retained in Mr. Polk's Cabinet, —and that too is fast ripening into fact. No friend lo Mr. Cab houn can approch him, or his advisers. His coun cil chamber is a dosed door to them and I suppose his Cabinet will Ve equally exclusive. “If your great Statesman had been put into place as other men have been,even then it would have been ao ungenerous thing, after the cor dial support and efficient aid rendered by him and his friends in the elevation of the new President, to shut him out of his councils. But he was put in, not by a party, but by the whole to direst our foreign relations on lhe two great questions ol Texas and Oregon. The latter is yet unsettled—Texas is triumphant. Policy as regards the one, and gratitude as re gards the other, would dictate that he should have the option of continuing in office,—and besides, respect for Southern interests, involved just now in peril by the position ot England and France,demanded that no change should be made until those questions were settled. I am not in the secret, and therefore speak only from thorough conviction, founded on all that appears. The considerations 1 have mentioned will have no weight. Mr. Calhoun and every other member of the Cabinet, will go out. Great efforts have been made in favorot Mr. Mason, but then the argument—“ Mr. Calhoun must go, and if he goes, all must go"— is an answer toall these. And they will go—to get rid of him. Then hurrah, for Cave Johnson of Tennessee, Buller, of Kentucky, Bancroft ot Massachusetts, with Bbchanan, (an able and accomplished man certainly, and sound enough on every thing but the Tariff, but undecided, not to say a little fussy,) for Secretary of State. You can imagine the rest. We are relapsing back, I fear, to the times when every thing was done by party and for party, and party could do no wrong. “The President’s inaugural ts expected to please all the tribes of the Democracy, and be quite as oracular as the Baltimore resolutions. For instance, I heard that it would recommend a revisal ofthe Tariff—not to come to the Act of 1833, —but an the principles oilhat Act; which, as it has all sorts of principles, discrimination, free list, and all that, will of course suit all sorts of people. “To make up for any obscurity and short comings on the Tariff, Mr. Polk, it is under stood will ve-y distinctly-declare himself on the Bank question, &c. &c., and will utter “as brave words as you shall hear in a summer’s morning” about retrenchment and economy—a song to be said or sung by all who march to the White House, but never after they cross its threshhold. But my fetter is already too long.” Route to China.—The Missouri Reporter says:—ln a letter written by Mr. Jefferson soon after the purchase of Louisiana, that distinguish ed statesman pointed out the practicability of a route to China, over the Western prairies to the Pacific. This magnificent idea, based on the remarkable forecast of that wonderful man, has been revamped repeatedly since by other per sons, and palmed off as original with themselves. That such a route will be established at some day not far distant, recent events authorize us to believe most sincerely.” S3-The Mobile ‘‘ Advertiser" ot the 24th ult., says: The steamer La Ver- boat for several years, amounting to 203 b iiaies/ The Montgomery, Capt. Bullard, brought down 2001 bales, arriving a tew hours previous to the first mentioned boat. S 3" There are 27 vessels on the stocks at Que bec, estimated at 18,250 tons —and in the build ing of which there are about 2,300 men em ployed. _____ Woman’s Love.—ln the damp and gloomy prison ofPerote, where Santa Ana is confined —while former parasites have deserted him, old friends cooled, and those who shouted the loud est vivas to his honor when in power, now cry “death to the tyrant!”—there is one attached and faithful friend who still shares his captivity, and strives by a thousand li tie acts of kindness and affection to soothe his sorrows—that friend is his youngwife! What a mystery is woman’s love—and what depths of feeling are hidden in the wells of her affection! says the Philadelphia Gazette. We go the same, with leads. Slavery in Illinois.—The St. Louis Re publican, of Feb; 14, says Our correspondent at Springfield, Illinois, writes that the Supreme Court, on the 11th inst., decided a very impor tant case which was taken up on the part ot Joseph, a man ot color, from the St. Clair Cir cuit Court. They decided that all the children born of French slaves in the State since the or dinance of 1798, are free. This will destroy and wipe away every thing like slavery in Illi nois. The bench was divided, seven being in favor and two against it. Rather Delicate.—A gentleman, says the New-Bedfbrd Bulletin, who was present in July last at the dinner given to the King of the Sand wich Islands at Honolulu, on the occasion of his visit to that place, informs us that there were two hundred females at the table, dressed in white, who weighed two hundred pounds a piece. Another Rumor.—A Washington letter says:— A report is in town that instructions have been received by the English and French em bassies here, to mak 7 e a joint protest in the name of the two governments to our government, against the annexation ol Texas to the United States.” A Tunnel of Roman construction has re cently been discovered and explored at Mar seilles. It connects the ancient Abbaye of St. Victorie—running under an arm of the sea— with a tower of Fort St. Nicholas. The tunnel one-fourth longer than that under the Thames, is formed ot a sitftle vault of sixty feet span, and has recently been explored from end to end.— The sum 0f51,000,000 would, it is estimated, put it in complete repair, and render it service able for modern use. Punch says that he once saw a father knock his boy down, and he thought it lhe most striking picture ofsten. down he ever beheld. 53-Colton says, “1 once heard a gentlemen make a very witty reply to one who asserted that he did not believe there was an honest man in the world. ‘ Sir,’ said he, ‘it is quite impossi ble that one man should know all lhe world, but it is very possible that some one should know himself.’” Melancholy.— A boat belonging to the Br. ship St. Martins, in coining up to the city yesterday morning, when opposite Fig Island, struck a snag, and immediately filled and sunk. There were thirteen persons in the boat, including Capt. Vaueban, of the St. Martins, and Capt. Duckett, of the Br. ship Elizabeth. As soon as the accident happened, several boats put off to their assistance from Fig Island, but before they could reach the spot, two of the parly, we regret to state, had sunk to rise no more. The name of one was Thomas Dillon—the other we could not learn. The remainder of the company were fortunately saved. Capt. Duckett was taken up when almost exhausted, and Capt. Vaughan narrowly escaped drowning, having sunk once or twice. The bodies ofthe drowned men have uotyst bven recovered.— Sav, Repub., 98IA ult. The Southern Cultivator— Agricultural So cieties. The fallowing letter, which we copy from the Columbus “Enquirer,” while it attests the zeal of the writer, in behalf ot the “ Southern Culti vator,” shows what any individual may accom plish who will exercise a little industry. We commend it, therefore, to the consideration of Georgia Planters, as well lor the internal evi dence which it bears, ot the interest which our friend takes in the cause of Agricultural jour nals, as for his very valuable and important sug gestions, in reference to the formation of Agri cultural Societies. AGRICULTURE. Eufaula, Barbour co., Ala., Feb. 11, 1845. To the Editors ofthe Enquirer: Gentlemen—Some three years past I wrote you and asked the favorofyou to publish a com munication to the Farmers of my native State, Georgia, on the subject of Agriculture. You had the kindness lo comply; and having been long a subscriber to your valuable paper, I will again trouble vou, as | have been much pleased to observe in the la»fc,numbers of the Enquirer, several excellent pieces on the subject of Agri culture. It is truelhat we have at this time a most excellent Agricultural paper; and that published so low that every farmer in all the South and Southwest would find it greatly to their interest to pay one dollar a year for lhe “Southern Cultivator. I have made some efforts, and have sent on fifty dollars to the pub lishers of the Southern Cultivator, tor as many subscribers to that most valuable journal. 1 say valuable, for I have no expectation nor hope in seeing a change take place for the better, in the great subject ot Husbandry, until the cultivators ot the soil will combine theory and practice. I know that there are thousands of pieces publish ed that do not and cannot apply directly to a planter’s every-day’s business; but lhere are, at the same time, thousands that are and will be applicable to his constant avocation. But the great object to be gained, by the extensive circulation and perusal of those valuable Agri cultural journals, is the directing the mind of the Farmer to his own honorable pursuit. And if there ever was a time when it was absolutely necessary for the cultivators of the soil lo be come Farmers, in the full sense of the term, now is surely lhe time. Are we, as Farmers, to continue to stand alone on one leg, when, like the centipede, we might throw out a hundred I Are we to continue to cultivate Cotton, to the exclusion of other more lucrative crops, until, like lhe Fanner of Harris county, we first haul it to market and then turn round and haul it back home and store it away, until the price rises? And if we pursue the present course we shall not live long enough to see much change for the better. Let the Farmers meet in all the Counties and form Agricultural Societies; let a State Society be formed; let all the Farmers take and read the Southern Cultivator. This course will lead loan improved state ot husbandry; the thou sands, and I would say millions, of dollars now sent North, South, East and West, for lhe pro ducts we could raise at home, will be kept at home, and there circulated to pay off the debts of the country; and all this cry about hard limes, that we hear at every corner of the streets and turn of the road, would vanish; we would have but little use for the Sheriff; our homes would become lovely places ; we would not be all the time running about in search ot new countries, and never be long enough in any one place to make monvy, or to have any comforts around us. Messrs. Editors, I speak from experience, I have already settled two new countries, and I have seen others that have con tinued all the time in search ofa better country, and never yet found it. I recommend the reading of Agricultural works from long experience; I commenced with the American Farmer, some twenty years past, and from that time to this, I have continu ed to read them; and now take three works on Agriculture, and consider them so important that I would not be without them for five times theircost. Thus, Messrs. Editors, I have placed together these thoughts, if you think they will be of any service to lhe Farmers of the country, you can use them as you think proper. With the greatest respect, &c. ALEXANDER McDONALD. A Relic of the Revolution. A treasure, a prize! The following “ Decla ration of Independence,” says the Vicksburg “ Constitutionalist," was made by lhe Vestry, and now stands recorded on the books of St. Tlie celebrated Mecklenburg declaration has deservedly created great interest; the similarity in expression and sentiment to the subsequent national declaration, is remarkably strange, to say no more. Mr. Jefferson says he never saw nor heard of it before he penned the instrument which alone would have immortalized him. — Let that pass. Here we have an honest, open declaration of the Christain vestry of a church in that good o'd honest, virtuous, patriotic North State, whose loveot liberty was then above all other love.—About twenty of the descendants of five of those chivalrous and heroic patriots are and have been citizens of Vicksburg. We, the subscribers, professing our alle giance la the King, and acknowledging the Con stitutional Executive power of Government, do solemnly profess, testify and declare, that we do absolutely believe that neither the Parliament of Great Britain, nor any member or constitu ent branch thereof, have a right to impose taxes upon these Colonies to regulate the internal po licy thereof; and that all attempts by fraud or force to establish and exercise such claims and powers, are violations of the peaee and securi ty ot lhe People, and ought to be resisted to the utmost —and that the people of this Province, singly and collectively, are bound by the acts and resolutions of the Continental and Provi sional Congress ; because, in both they are fully represented by persons chosen by themselves : and we do solemnly and sincerely promise and engage, under the sanction of virtue, honor, and lhe sacred love of Liberty and our Country to maintain and support all and every the acts, resolutions, and regulations of the said Conti nental and Provisional Congresses to the utmost of our power and ability. In testimony whereof, we have hereto set our hands, this 19th of June, 1776. Richqrd Hoskins, William Boyd, David Rice, Thos. Benbury, Aaron Hill, Jacob, Hunter, Pelatiah Walton, John Beasley, Wm. Hinton, William Bennett, Thomas Bonner, William Roberts. I do hereby certify that the foregoing is truly copied irom the proceedings of the Vestry of St. Pauls Parish, Edenton, North Carolina, ata meeting held in the church in Edenton, on the 19th June. 1776, and that the persons whose names are above subscribed, were elected Ves trymen of said Church on the Bth day of April, 1776, as apnears from the records. H. A. GILLIAM. Edenton, Jan. 27th, 1845. When tar away from the lips that we love, We have but to make love to lhe tips that are near.” A gay Lothario “out West,” whose name (Kissam) would appear far from inappropriate, has been called to task by the members of a re ligious society for being a little 100 Don Juan ish in his fondness for kissing all the more comely sisters of the flock, and on an extremely limited acquaintance, for he had only been in the neighborhood a short month. In extenua tion, he said that he was so much in the habit of taking like innocent liberties with the girls whom he courted in his native village, that he could, not break himself of it now that he was away from home. Naughty Kissam ! Pic. Dignity of Labor.—l have faith in labor, and I see the goodness of God in placing us in a world where labor alone can keep us alive. I would not change, it I could, our subjection to physical laws, our exposure to hunger and cold, and the necessity ol constant conflicts with the material world—l would not, it 1 could, so tem per the elements, that they should infuse into us only grateful sensations, that they should make vegetables so exuberant as to anticipate every want, and the minerals so ductile as to offer no resistance to our strength or skill. Such a world would make a contemptible race. Man owes his growth, his energy, chiefly to that striving ofthe will, that conflict with difficulty, which we call effort. Easy, pleasant work, does not make robust minds, does not give men such a consciousness of their powers, does not train to endurance, to perseverance, to stea dy force of will—that force without which allother acquisitions avail nothing.— Channing. Human Life.—Hope writes the poetry of the boy, but memory that ot man. Man looks forward with smiles, but backward with sighs. Such is the wise providence of God! The cup of life is sweetest at the brim, the flavor is im paired as we drink deeper, and the dregs are made bitter, that we may not struggle when it is taken from our lips. Driving Business. —A late Halifax papef gives a list ol twenty-eight marriages solemnized by one reverend gentleman in the month of January, at Arichat, a little fishing port on the coastof Nova Scotia, containing a population of soma three or four thousand. congressional proceedings. Correspondence of lhe Baltimore American. Washington, Feb. 94. SENATE. Mr. Evans reported the bill from the House for the support of the West Point Academy,and the bill was passed by a vote of 39 to 10. Two amendments were agreed to—one in relation to the selection of Cadets, and one providing for the Boatd of Visitors. Several Executive communications were re ceived in relation to public contracts in the Post Office Department. The orders ot the day were called at an early hour, and the right to the floor belonged to Mr. Dayton ot N. J., who addressed the Committee in a very able and comprehensive speech against the Texas resolutions ofthe House. He dis cussed the question fully and adverted lo all the arguments that had been adduced in favor of annexation. When Mr. Dayton had concluded, a conver sation arose between Messrs. Archer, Merrick, Dickinson, Crittenden, Bertton and Walker as to a time to end the debate. It was agreed on all hands that the debate should be speedily brought to a close, but no time was agreed up on, and then the Senate took a recess until 5 o’clock, the floor in the meantime having been given to Mr. Berrien ofGa. 5 o'clock.— Mr. Berrien, who was entitled to the floor on the Texas question, being absent from indisposition— Mr. McDuffie, though very unwell,expressed a willingness to address the Senate on lhe sub ject, and continued to argue strongly in favor of lhe resolutions until 8 o’clock, when he con cluded. Mr. Allen then obtained the floor, and The Senate adjourned HOUSE. Several Executive communications were re ceived upon the Commerce, Navigation and Coinage of the United States. Also, giving an account of the Treasury dis bursements for the year ending June 30,1844. Also, a communication in reference to the Treasury disbursements under the Act of 1792. Also, Lieut. Fremont’s Expedition to the Rocky Mountains. Also, a communication in reference lo the defalcation of Public Officers since August, 1841. Also, in reference to a new plan lor taking the yeas and nays. All of these communications were laid upon lhe table and ordered to be printed. Mr. Kennedy moved lor the printing of the usual number of extra copies of the Report on Commerce, and an extra number was moved al so of lhe Report of Lieut. Fremont. Mr. Tibbattsof Ky. moved that the House go into Committee ot the Whole. The motion prevailed. The Senate Post Office Bill was taken up by a vote 101 to 20. The Bill was read through as a whole and then by sections as onen to an amendment. An effort was made to get iid ot the general reading to save time, but was objected to by Mr. Thompson, of Miss., and others. The Bill having been read, Mr. Hopkins, ot Va., moved to increase the rates ol postage as an amendment to the Senate bill, and amend ments were moved to his amendment. Mr. Hopkins took ground against the reduc tion proposed in the bill from the Senate, and desired to have five cents for 100 miles, ten cents for 300 miles, and fifteen cents beyond that distance. He was for doubling the rates upon sheets of paper also, rather than upon the weight. If the bill of the Senate should pass, the Depart ment would not receive more than one andahalf millions, and would not pay the expenses of transportation by three millions. The Depart ment could not bear the reduction proposed, and it would become a charge upon the Treasury. Mr. Rathbun, of N. Y., defended the Senate bill. He did not regard it as entirely perfect, but infinitely belter than the Bill ofthe House, and altogether better than the law we now had. In order to bring the House to an early vote upon this subject, fie moved that the Commit tee rise. The motion prexaifed by a vote 83 to 54. Great confusion now prevaailed in the Hall. The Speaker was absent, and Mr. Hopkins was called to the Speaker's chair. Mr. Hamlin of Me., moved that all bebate upon the Post Office Bill cease in ten minutes, but subsequently modified the motion so as to insert 2 o’clock. Mr. Cobb ofGa. said he wished to know if an effort was to be made to gag down the debate by the majority in the House. Cries of “order” were heard, amidst which a call ot the House was moved and the yeas and nays called upon the motion. The House refused the call—ayes 119, noes ■resSu'tion by upon the 'table.— The yeas and nays were called and the motion was lost, 64 to 104. Mr. Hamlin of Me. here modified bis resolu tion so as to close the debate in two hours after the bill should have again been taken up in Committee. The Previous Question wasalso seconded by a vote of 87 to 63. Mr. Douglass of Illinois moved a call of the House, which was not io order. Mr. Jones ot Tenn, moved an adjournment of the House. The yeas and nays were ordered— -32 to 106—and the motion lost, 106 to 13. The main question was then ordered by a vote of 96 to 64. Mr. Atkinson of Va., asked the Speaker if it was in ordef to foy-tfie Resolution upon the ta ble. The Speaker sailfeH-was. This motion was then made, in order to con sume time the yeas and nays were asked?" The motion, however, was lost. Ayes 75, Noes 103. The question recurred upon the adoptionof the Resolutiion. Mr. Hammett of Miss., desired to know it a call ofthe House would not be in order. The Speaker said not. They yeas and nays were then called upon the Resolution, and it was adopted by a vote of 104 to 72. New means were now resorted to to defeat lhe will of the majority. Mr. Carey ot Me., (who voted with the view of moving a reconsideration of the vote) now submitted that motion, and upon itr bung a speech upon matters and things in general, which the Speaker declared to be in order. Mr. Carey, therefore, spoke as long as he could, and his speech was made up of assaults upon the bill and reflections upon his colleague (Mr. Hamlin) who had submitted the Resolu tion to terminate the debate. Mr. Hamlin defended himsell, his resolution and the bill of the Senate, and the floor was giv en to Mr. Payne of Ala., who made a furious assault upon New York and New England. He declared that the bill was designed chiefly for their benefit, and that the balance of the Usion would suffer. He had rather that no bill should pass than that the Senate bill should. Mr. Stewart of Pa. now moved the Previous Question. Mr. Thompson of Miss, moved to adjourn, and to consume time called for the yeas and nays. The motion was lost, 102 to 54. Mr. McKay of N. C. now moved that there be a recess Irom half past 2to half past 4. Ob jections were made and a motion was submit ted to suspend the Rules. Two-thirds were ne cessary, and the vote was 81 ayes to 60 noes— lost. A motion was now renewed to adjourn, and carried by a vote of 75 to 68. Washington, February 25. SENATE. Mr. Miller of N. J. offered a resolution call ing fbr copies of the instructions given by the President ofthe United Slates upon lhe subject of Commerce. Mr. Woodbury offered a Joint Resolution, asking for the appointment of a Select Com mittee to take part in the inauguration of lhe President elect. Mr. Johnson ol La. offered resolutions from the Louisiana Legislature, complaining ofthe failure ot the mail, and asking for a Marine Hospital at New Orleans, which were several ly read and referred. Several bills were read a third time and pass ed. Twelve o’clock having arrived, the orders of the day were called, and Mr. Allen of Ohio, being entitled to the floor, made a speech in fa vor of annexation, which consumed a large portion ofthe day. When he concluded, a mo tion was made tor a recess, whieh failed—l 9 to 19. Mi. Berrien now took lhe floor, and argued against annexa ion by any other mode than the treaty-making power. Before he coneluded he gave way to a motion for a recess until 5 o’clock, at which time Mr. Berrien resumed his re marks, and was speaking when this letter was closed. HOUSE. The House suspended the rules to receive reports from the Standing Committees. Among the bills reported and passed, was one author ising the South Carolina Railroad Company to import certain machinery for atmospheric Rail road experiments. A report was made in favorof printing 10,000 extra copies ot the Report of Lieut. Fremont upon the subject of lhe North Western Terri tory. Mr. Kennedy, from the Committee on Com merce, reported a Resolution to print 10,000 ex tra copies of the Report ot the Secretary of the Treasury on Commerce and Navigation. The report was agreed to. Mr. Davis of la. reported a Joint Resolution in relation to the chans of the Exploring Expe dition. VOL.IX.-NO. 10. A Bill in relation to tbe Revenue Servto* was introd used on leave and referred to the Com mittee on Waysand Means. A Bill in relation to the defaulting States and to procure the payment ol interest due by them was passed and sent to the Senate. Reports were received from the Secretary ot the Navy in regard to the discipline in the Navy, and from the War Department covering a com munication from the Adjutant General. A Bill in regard to the foreign mails was sent to the Committee of tbe Whole. The Bill had before passed the Senate. A Bill tor changing the Kentucky, Alabama, Georgia and South Carolina Circuit Courts, was read a third time and passed. The West point Academy Bill was received frem the Seuate with amendments, and referred to the Committee of Ways and Means. Mr. J. N. Davis reported a joint resolution, which was agreed to, for the printing of charts ot tbe Exploring Expedition for the use of the Navy. A Bill was also reported supplementary to - the act for the admission of lowa into lhe U nion. Mr. Stewart, of Conn., reported in favor of printing 10,000 copies ot lhe same Maps ot Texas which had been ordered previously by - House. Mr. Burke, of N. H., moved an amendment that the maps should not be delivered or paid tor until they were corrected. Mr. Brinkerhoff said he had addressed a let ter to the Topographical Corps ot Engineers, calling for the Texas boundaries previous to the Texas revolution. The information he re ceived was that there was nothing in the Bureau to give him the information be asked. Mr. B. said he was glad that the subject had been brought before Congress, that members were beginning to see that tbe information which had been circulated was incorrect. Tbe . ill which bad passed this House, and which had declared that the line of 36 deg. 30 min. should be the ground of compromise, was more than two de grees North of any line ever owned by Texas. A letter was then read from Com. Moore, ot the Texan Navy, declaring that lhe inap of Texas was scarcely correct in any particular. So said Mr. Hamlin, of Me., and others, but the House confirmed the Report, and the maps are to be circulated. The House also ordered the printing of 5,000 copies of Nicolet’s map of the North West. The House then went into Committee of the Whole, Mr. Weller in the Chair. The Postage Bill was brought before the Committee under the Resolution that the de bate should close in two hours. Mr. Cobb of Ga. commenced the discussion among several competitors for the floor, and spoke in warm opposition to the Bill from the Senate. He regarded the Bill as opposed to the interests of the South— as a Tariff measure, intended to build up the commerceot the coun try, and as no more than a measure for the bene fit of the commerce of the country against the People ofthe United States. Mr. Yancey of Ala. continued the debate in opposition to tbe Bill. Mr, Davis of N. Y. said he was in favor ot a radical redaction ot the present postages.— Almost every Legislature had petitioned Con gress upon the subject, and petitions had been laid before the Committtee irom almost every section ol lhe country asking Congress to reduce the rates of postage. The Repre-entatives of the People were behind the age in opposition to this measure. Il was clear that the Depart ment could not support itself with the present rates of postage. The contracts had been re duced, the expenditures bad been reduced, and yet the Department was becoming less and less able to pay its'-xpenditures. Mr. Caqsin said a few words, during the last few moments before the debate closed, which could not be heard. The first amendment proposing rates of 5,10 and 15 cents was rejected by a large vote. An amendment to nut the bill in operation on and after the first of January, 1846, was rejected by a vote of yeas 28, noes not counted. Mr. Davis, of Ky., proposed 5 cents for 300 miles. Rejected—aves 85, Does 89. Mr. Hopkins, ot Va., moved the House Bill as a substitute for the Bill ot the Senate. Re jected, ayes 87, noes 93. Mr. McDowell, of Ohio, moved in substance the amendment of Mr. Davis, 5 cents for 300 miles and under, and 10 cents beyond. This amendment prevailed by a vote ol 97 to 87! A motion requiring letters to be prepaid was rejected by a vote of ayes 18, noes not counted. The next amendment was to require the let ters to be single instead of being regulated by ' weight. Rejected by a vote of 71 to 77. An amendment proposing a quarter of an ounce tor a single letter was rejected by a vote of 72 to 87. K.. , miles 3 cents postage. The enemies ot the bill introduced a great variety of amendments to make the bill edious or objectionable. The House is in session as 1 close. The ninth section has been reached, and it is now twenty minutes past five o’clock. Washington, Feb. 26. SENATE. [ln the Senate last night, after my letter was closed, Mr. Berrien continued and conc.uded his speech on the Texas resolutions, and was followed by Mr. Walker, who addressed the Se nate until a late hour.] After the morning business, which was ot little interest, the Senate proceeded to the order of the day, being tbe Texas Resolutions. _ Mr. Miller ofN. J. made an excellent speech agatMUbe annexation of Texas. His remarks mere able'antf-dignified, and were listened to with attention. He was followed (attSflhe daily recess,) by Mr. Bagby, of Ala., in a powerful speech a gainst the Joint Resolution, ofr—Hte ground of detect of constitutional power in CbnJKiffo an nexforeign Slates to the Union. 'l'oftlfti 4b succeeded Mr. Upham, ot Vt., in an able speecff'K in opposition to the passage ot the resolution; alter which, Mr. Bales, ol Mass., took tbe floor and delivered an animated speech on the same side ol the question. The Senate then at alate hour adjourned. HOUSE. [The House of Representatives remained in session last night until half past 7 o'cfock, upon the Postage bill. But two amendments were made to lhe Senate's bill—one th it it should go into operation on the Ist July, 1845, instead es Irom the passing of the act; tbe other, that all single letters transmitted not over three hundred miles should pay five cents, and over three hun dred miles ten cents. At 6 o’clock tbe Commit tee rose and reported the bill to the House. The previous question was moved and carried, and the main question ordered to be put on the passage ot the bill. At this stage the House adjourned. The enemies ot the Post Office Bill com menced their opposition anew this morning by requiring the reading in lull of a very long Journal. The first halt hour ofthe session was thus occupied. The Post Office Bill was then brought before the (House uponjthe question ot concutring in the amendments of the Committee ofthe Whole. The amendment that the bill should go into operation on and after the first of July was agreed to without a division. The next amendment that the rates of postage should be five cents lor three hundred miles and under, and 10 cen's tor greater distances was agreed to—llo to 85 Another amendment inserting the Ist of July in the sixth section ofthe bill, in place of tbe words “ from and after lhe passage of tbis act,” to make it conform to the amendment to the first section, was rejected, yeas 121, nays 13. [ I'he reason of tbis vote was the apprehen sion that the adoption ol the amendment would take from the members the franking privilege until lhe Ist ol July. As the first amendment which was adopted only relates to the Ist section ol the bill, the opinon is that the other sections will take effect immediately on the passage ot the bill.] An amendment was offered limiting the frank ing privilege in the Departments, and requiring the postage to be charged to the contingent lund. The amendment was rejected, ayes 14, noes 121. The Previous Question was then moved and seconded, and the yeas and nays called upon the passage ot the Bill. THfc BILL WAS THEN PASSED, ayes 128, noes 74. The floor was then given lo Mr. Houston of Ala. Mr. Thompson of Miss, said he wished to amend the title to tbe bill bv calling it an act to “ make tfje Post Office Department a public nuisance and to guarantee the Tariff of 1842.” The Speaker decided lhe amendment to be in Mr. Thompson went on, and said that he re garded the bill as designed to break down the Post Office Department. Whatever might be saidofthe Tariff, that subject was mainly fo reign to the people, but this Post Office Bill came home loevery man. Mr Rathbun called the member to order on the ground that it was not in order to discuss tbe merits ofthe Bill upon the title. Ibe Speaker decided that it was, and Mr. Thompson went on to show that the Bill was a public nuisance. Mr. Davis ofKy. now called the gentleman to order, and took an appeal from the decision ofthe Chair, upon which the Previous Question was moved and sustained. Tbe opin on ot the Chair was sustained by a vote of 74 to 42, lit tle morelhan a quorum. Mr Thompson went on tor a moment, when Mr'steisun ofN. Y. reminded the Speaker of
