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About Weekly chronicle & sentinel. (Augusta, Ga.) 183?-1864 | View Entire Issue (March 13, 1845)
2 r-Ljeaat The Itesohuion v* adopted and the Ptcsi ileut instructed io appoint a Committee of two Mr, McDuffie mw moved that the Senate proceed to the consideration ot Execum e busi ness, and rhe gallei in... were uluck-had rteen wet! tilledwilfVsTFangere. I'h-remain ler of tho session was concluded with closed doors except during the reception.of a message from the President by the hands ot his new Piivatc Secretary, Mr. \Valker<4 Nashville. At hail past two the doors were opened, and information was received of the nomination <4 the following Cabinet Officers: Janies Buchanan, Secretary of State, Robert J. Walker, Secretary of the Treasury. William I. Marcy, Secretary of War. George Bancroft, Secretary ofthe Navy. Cave Johnson, Post Master General. John Y. Mason, Attorney General. All these nominations were confirmed with but one exception,.and that exception was Mr. Bancroft, who for reasons not known to the public, appears not to have been as acceptable as the nomination ol other members ot the Cab inet. The presumed reason, however, is the unfitness of Mt. B. for so important a postal such a lime as this. Mr. Tyler left the city yesterday for his plan tation on James River in Virginia. He was followed by a lew friends, and it is said being a little while behind his time, the boat would not wait for him. There are rumors floating about the city that Richard Rush of Pa. has been nominated Min ister lo England; VVin.O. Buller, ot Kentucky Minister to Mexico, and General Armstrong, ol Tennessee, as Consul to Liverpool. There is no truth in these rumors,but they serve as straws to show which way the wind blows. Mr. Rush has also been talked of as Mr. Bu chanan’s successor in the Senate. The treaty before the Senate beside the Indian Treaty which was ratified, it is thought, was a new Zoll Verein treaty. There was no action at the adjournment. Washington, March (>. SENATE. The Vice President called the Senate to order at 12 o’clock, when the public proceedings ot yesterday were read. After some time passed in silence, and with out a motion ihrni any of the majority, Mr. Evans moved that the Senate proceed to the consideration of Executive business. The mo tion was carried, and the galleries were imme diately cleared of spectators. The Senate sat with closed doors, until 3 o’clock,and then adjourned until Monday next. I do not learn that any nominations were acted upon, and am told that none were con sidered, which is probable from the length of the session and the absence of Mr. Benton, who was detained at home by indisposition. An Indian treaty was ratified, and it is whispered that an Oregon treaty was submitted for con sideration. It is certain that Mr. Bancroft’s case was not touched, and that there is a strong, if not a sufficient, opposition to his confirma tion. Correspondence of the Baltimore American. Washington, March 7. The Senate having adjourned until Monday next there has been no public business transact ed to-day. The Locotbco Senators, however, were at the Capitol in the full strength of the party, and held a caucus in the room of the Finance Committee. The caucus is to take in to consideration the course necessary to be pur sued in regard to public offices. A printer may be chosen to the Senate, it the majority are dis posed to have one chosen for that body, and all the signs ot the times show a disposition to make the change. Messrs. Blair and Rives, it weuld seem, are doing well enough already, and there are two other offices of Mr. Polk’s faith where public reward is expected, and where it is .quite as much merited. The Whigs when they had both branches of the Government divided the public printing between two establishments, and it was then ol much less value than it now is. Mr. Polk, so far, has not given any encour agement to the zealous party men who have as sailed him here to think that he intends to be proscriptive. He is crowded upon by persons from all quarters of the Union, and was met even upon his arrival by a great body of men in pursuit of office. Before Congress adjourn ed petitions were in circulation in both Houses asking members to lend their names and influ ence to procure the most important offices in the country. Mr. Polk has had no time to attend to all these applications, and has offended many by not acquiescing in every demand made up on his lime. It is understood to-day that he has hadrsome plain talking with many who have thus ap proached him before he is warm in his seat, and that the result of these intimations is—first, that he is the President of the United States— that he will canvass the claims ot those who seek office —that he expects to find more meri torious claims from those who remain at home than from those who are here away from home —and finally, that he cannot be hurried into do ing any thing. The effect of these opinions lias been greatly to diminish the number of strangers in the city. I am sorry to inform you that one effect of Mr. Polk’s election has been to re establish ft- ’ .MtoenmalXinw allgrAa faa-Ll.tn r.t ministration The members ot these clubs have assigned offices to almost all their mem bers, but as it is not usual to give the people of the city much ot any thing, tire clubs will pro bably not be rewarded. Among the conspicuous applicants, is said to be Amos Kendall, and that he will be con tent with the City Post Office. Mr. Burke, of N. H., I understand, sets up for Commissioner of Patents. He is a world removed from the proper qualifications of such a place. Jesse Dow, the door keeper of the House, also has his eye upon the office of Third Assistant Post Master General. The office is very well filled by Mr. Skinner, but the temptation of three thousand dollars a year is a very strong one. There are rumors afloat that the President will send an Oregon Treaty to the Senate before the adjournment. It is not certain, however, that Mr. Calhoun has been enabled to negotiate any treaty upon this subject with Sir Richard Packenham, and it is certain that the action ot the House ot Representatives was well calcula ted to delay any such negotiation. Mr. Bates, the Senator from Massachusetts, continues dangerously ill. His family have been sent for. Mr. Benton is also detained from the Capitol by sickness, bitt his illness is slight. There has been a good deal ot sickness in the city lor some weeks past, and several ol the ex-members of Congress are retained here. The nomination ot Mr. Bancroft as Secreta ry of the Navy, excites a great deal of discus sion. The President, it is said, regrets that he has made this nomination because it gives so much dissatisfaction. Mr. McDuffie opposes him upon the ground ot Donism, it is said—a very bad principleyon know for the South, and indeed for all the coun try. Washington, March 8. The Senate will meet again on Monday next, with, it is believed, a large number ot new no minations from the President. The rumors of changes in contemplation thicken to-day, and 1 hear the following, which, however, reler much more to the applications madethan to the promises given. John B. Weller to be Assistant Post Master General, in place of Mr. Miller, the brother-in law ol John Tyler. This is the office upon which hang the appointments for all the subor dinate Post Masters in the country. The next announced appointment is that ol Col. Gardner in place of Mr. Skinner, as Third Assistant Post Master General. The third is that Mr. Norvell, ol Michigan, or Mr. Bidlack, of Penn., will be Commission er of the General Land Office. It is also said that Peter Hagner, one of the Auditors, will be removed. It is further said thisevening th RGen.Hunt, of Ohio, will receive Mr. Miller’s place, Mr. Weller having declined in his favor. Mr. Weller, a few evenings since, married a niece of Mr. Beuton, I believe, and would pro bably have no objection to becoming a resident of the District. Mr, Walker entered upon the duties of his office to-day, and was introduced to the clerks ol tne Department. Mr. Marcy, who yesterday entered upon the duties of his office, (Sec. of War,) to-day re ceived the officers ol the Army in uniform. The officers afterwards paid their respects to Mr. and Mrs. Polk. Mr. Johnson commenced his labors as Post Master General yesterday, and received the congratulations ol his friends. He was intro duced to the Clerks of the Department during the day. . Mr. Mason holds on to the Navy Office, and will do so until Mr. Bancroft is confirmed or some one else. Mr. Nelson also retains the office of Attorney General until Mr. Mason is ready to receive it. Mr. Calhoun was officiating in the State De partment to-day, and it is said that Mr. Bucha nan will visit Pennsylvania before enteting upon the duties ol his office. There are rumors of "a flare up” between the President and Col. Butler, of Ky. Mr. B. expected a Cabinet appointment, and is ottered the office ola Charge to South America. Tut: Missing Packets.—All hopes ol ever seeing the packet ships United States and Eng land seems to be abandoned by the public. The U. States has been 101 days at sea, and the Eng land 06, periodsol unparalleled length for pack ets to be absent. They may be afloat and we may see them again, but wc sincerely regret to say that the chances are against them. We cling to hope to the last, knowing that the ships were among the strongest ever built, and the captains among the most skilful of navigators. We, however, take them from our list ol “ packets to arrive.”— N. Y. Herald. Connecticut. —The Liberty party in Con necticut have put in nomination a full ticket for State officers, voted for at large. They have nominated candidates lor Congress and the State Senate, in several of the districts; inthe 2d Con gressional District, Increase Wilson; and in the 4th, Daniel K. Nash, It is expected they will give 4000 votes. MONDAY MORNING, MARCH 10. The Inaugural. The iiiauguialAddress <4 the President of the United States, says th? Baltimore Ame rican, will be looked lo with much inte rest as the exponent, more or less direct, ol the future policy ol his adminisirAlion. We do net know that the petitsal of it will satisfy the cut i osilj’ ol all who read it. Some may think it too vague—too much overspread with generalities; others may have other opinions respecting it; anil here and there a few may give themselves no particular concern about it one way or an other. For our own part we think it a prudent paper —quite sufficient for the occasion. It will not do tor an address of this kind to promise 100 much. Tire player Clueen is a proverb on this point, of whom Hamlet's assurance, “Ob, but she’ll keep her word,” is tinged with something more than irony. The importance of preserving the General and the State Governments in their respective spheres under the Constitution; the value of the Union and the necessity ol compromises to pre serve it; frugality in the administration; the blessings ofonr free institutions generally—these are some ofthe common places of the Inaugural. They are topics which seem to have a stereo type occupancy of a given space in all such documents and in Fourth of July orations It is well enough lo speak of these things; but they have been repeated so often that people care but little to hear them, and are disposed to look to tiie actual tacts'of our present condition as the truest commentary’ —more trne than any com mentary of wonts merely—upon the workings of our system and its future prospects. “ While the General Government should ab stain fiom the exercise of aoihority not cieatly delegated to it,” says the Inaugural, “ the Slates should be equally careful that, in the mainte nance of their rights, they do not overstep the li mits of the powers reserved to them.” Nobody is likely to question the correctness of this ob servation; it is as correct as the maxims in the child’s first reading book, “ To be good is to be happy;” “Vice soon or late brings misery;” or other moral pocket-handkerchief phrases. Yet in the very act of uttering the sentence Mr. Polk might have remembered that every year is furnishing instances of utter contempt, on the part ofthe States, of the constitutional au thority of the General Government. The con stitutional authority of that Government is now next to nothing. A strong willed man in the Executive chair, with the. patronage of innu merable offices at his disposal and the whole system of party machinery under his control, may make his power very great—almost despo tic. But constitutional authority is another thing. We may add in passing that nothing is likely to subdue and assuage the sectional jealousies and animosities which the Inaugural deplores until the national idea, embodied in an efficient government, is made to predominate in the minds of the people; with the corresponding affection of loyalty, love and piide for the Rk fublic, one and indivisible, magnificent in its greatness and grandeur, all powerful in its uni ty, the depository of the concentrated hopes, feelings, enthusiasm and prowess of a mighty nation of freemen I The remarks of the Inaugural upon the Ta. riff indicate moderation. The metaphysical distinctions of “object” and “ incident'' and the deductions thence drawn, as applied to revenue and protection, are very well understood, we presume, by the political school from which Mr. Polk has derived various abstractions which (he common-sense realities ot his present position will be apt to dissipate. Hostility to a National Bank is expressed, with the intimation that such an institution is entirely unnecessary. This will probably be the prevailing notion in the country until the next commercial revulsion. In the meantime the question, as one of convenience, is whether theGovermnent shall use, as its agencies in fis cal matleis, the Banks of the States over which it has no control, or an institution constructed especially for its financial uses and altogether under its control. The bugbears which have been arrayed around this simple matter will bfr practical men. The Inaugural says nothing of a Sub-Treasury. The President speaks at some lengthen the subject of Texas. He seems to contemplate an indefinite extension of the Union, and to believe thatsuch extension will tend tostrength en the Union. Otir title to the Oregon isdeclar ed to be “clear and unquestionable,” and a speedy occupation of that country is hinted at. — Yet, says the Inaugural, with a pioper spirit ot justice and patriotism,—“ln the mean time every obligation imposed by treaty or conven tional stipulations should be sacredly respect ed " The reader of the Inaugural, we believe, will be impressed with the conviction that Mr. Polk honestly intends to administer the government justly, moderately and with the best of his abili ty to promote the general good. The force of party entanglements is upon him, and he evi dently feels it. It will require more than ordi nary resolution and firmness in him to avoid being carried away by the influences which seek to control him. How he will succeed in his present purposes—who knows? He is yet an untried man, and must not be judged until after trial. Cotton Planters.—-The Tariff. We beg attention to the following letter from the National Intelligencer, signed “A Virgi nian,” and addressed to the Cotton Planters of the United States. It is, says the Vicksburg “ Constitutionalist,” “ ntultum in parvo,'’ and is wortlt more, and has more plantation sense in it than can be extracted from all the speeches and wrilings.of all the anti tariff parly in the Union. None but advocates of foreign manufactures tn preference to our own ever did or ever will op pose the encouragement and protection of Ame rican Industry. We have the opinions of all the fathers ol the revolution and the constitution in our favor. We go Ibrour country and our own countrymen. TO THE COTTON PLANTERS OF THE U. STATES. In my time I have mingled among you and your factors, and purchased and paid lor in cash a great deal ot your cotton. I was pleased with your frank, cordial, generous hospitality, and, being a Southerner myself, I take a deep and abiding interest in your fortunes. In South Ca rolina, the State most hostile to the tariff, I am proud tosay I have many friends, some of whom are justly distinguished in the councils of the country, and others alike distinguished in that hospitable city, Charleston, as enterprising, use ful, and honorable merchants. With such sen timents 1 approach you, and beg your attention —to—not what I especially have to say on the subject ol the tariff, but what was said in times long past, by wise men, whose opinions iou must respect. Ever since I was cletk in a counting house, I have been the steady friend of a protective tariff, because I thought it the true policy of the whole country; and time, reflection and experience, satisfy me that my first opinion was right. Ex perience, you know, is the great teacher that I rely upon most, and it has brought me to the conclusion that a protective tariff is beneficial to all who cultivate the soil. Withuut going into a lengthy argument, for which 1 have no ability, I will simply say and defy contradiction: Ist. That the domestic market in point of stea diness and security, is far superior to lhe fo reign. 2d. That this market may be increased treble, quadruple, or quintuple its present extent, and in proportion to said increase enhance prices of cotton. 3d. That the increase can only take place by a further increase of the minimum duty on cot ton goods. 1. That for every dollar you save by the de pression of our manufactures you lose jive in the price of your staple. The editors of the National Intelligencer know that these have been my opinions for sometime past, as their columns wilt show: but I did not know, until recently, that my ex perience as an humble merchant was backed by high authority. In late readings, 1 find that Adam Smith said, “ Whatever tends to dimin ish in any country the number of artificers and manufacturers, lends to diminish Hie home market, the most important of all the markets for the crude produce of the land, and thereby still further to discourage agriculture.” Alexander Hamilton said, “As Europe will not take from us the products of our soil on terms consistent with our interest, a, fortiori, if she refuses some ot the most important alto gether, the natural remedy is to contract as fast as possible our wants of her.” Thomas Jefferson said, “ When a nation im poses high duties on our productions or pro- hibits them altogether, it may be proper for us to do the same by theirs; first, burtlicning or ex cluding those productions wh ich they bting here in competition withovr own of the same kind, selecting next such manufactures as we lake from them in great quantity, and which al the same time we could the soonest Jmnish tv our selves.’’ Now, Messrs, cotton planters, you must ad mit that 1 present to you great names, dead though they be, to back my experimental views on the question of protecting domestic indus try- • Burglars Aiihestbil—The Columbus “ En quirer" ol the sth inst says: During the past winter, our city has been the theatre of quite a number of burglaries, the actors (orat least a part ofthem,) in which, we are happy to state, have at last been discovered andMKested. The store of J. 11. Beers has been ctitered on three several occasions, and property toTrniir considerable amount taken. The stores of Messrs. Jno. Hunter, Greenwood & Ellis, L. J. Davis, and J. Williams & Co., have also been broken open, and property to the amount of several hundred dollars been stolen. Suspicion having rested upon two or three negroes in town, the Marshal, on Sunday last, proceeded to search the house of a negro named Clark, belonging to the estate of Gen. Watson, where a large quantity of the stolen property was found. ’ A portion of the property was also found in the possession of Miles, a negro man belonging to Judge Colquitt. One of the negroes gave information that a white man was con cerned with them, named Williams, who lived at Pleasant Hill, in Talbot county, and was in the habit of coming to town and taking the goods to that village, where he kept a little store, for the purpose ol disposing of them. Upon the receipt of this information, some three or four -of our citizens promptly took stage for Pleasant Hill, and arrested Williams, who is now in jail at this place, and in whose store was found a portion of the stolen property. No having rfi-ciitit'S with the negs jes, but j . tie purchased :t>: c- o' them n-cm.s-.-s .... 1.;.. ' 1,-. < •!«;&, J couple of bowie-knives, from which it will lie seen that he was prepared for any emergency. Our town for a long lime past, has contained a gang of unruly negroes, who have been suffer ed to do pretty much as they pleased, living by themselves, and emphatically beholden lo no person. This state of things has arisen trom the fact that a great many negroes have been permitted to hire their own time, their masters paying little or no attention to them, provided that once a week, or once a month, they were forthcoming with the amount of their wages. The City Council passed some very stringent and wise laws lor the prevention of this perni cious custom, but we apprehend they have not been fully executed. We trust that the discov ery of this extensive gang of burglars will open the eyes of the proper officers to the necessity of a more efficient discharge of their duties in this particular, and that such an example will be made ot the villains now in limbo, as shall de ter others from the commission of like offences. If the owners of negroes that are now hiring their own time, set any value on them, perhaps it would be tortheir interest to look a little more closely after them, as otherwise they know not when the good ot the citv may render it necessa ry that the civil authorities take the matter in hand. Since the above was in type, we are inform ed that another arrest has been made, of a while man named Baker, who is now lodged in the jail. Suspicion rests upon two or thrree others, who have not yet been arrested. From the Savannah RtpvbHean. Texas. Her Commerce, Debt and Resources. At this moment, when Texas is perhaps a com ponent parlol our Republic,and when this govern ment may be on the eve of becoming responsible for her liabilities, every item of information con nected with her resources, commerce and debt, will be read with profound interest. The March number of the Merchants' Magazine, contains an article on these subjects tor which the editor acknowledges bitnselt indebted to a gentleman connected with the commercial department of the New York Morning News. We avail ourselves of the most important facts which it contains. In 1811, there was published an official state ment of the debts and liabilities of the young Republic, as follows: Total debt funded and unfunded, $7,090,000. Interest on satne, 81,- 070,000. Total liabilities of all kinds $8,169,- 000. Since 1841, no new stock hi s been issued, owing to the utter prostration of the credit of the government, whicli rendered its use entirely im practicable. This is now regarded as a pretty fair estimate of the present debt ot the Republic. In the treaty which was negotiated with this government in 1844, for the annexation ot Tex as, it was provided that the United States should assume the debts of the Republic, to an amount not exceeding $10,000,000, which was the maximum, as estimated by the Texan com missioners. So much for liabilities. The article then pro ceedsly siiarna estimate nf thg exreyt and value the estimates furnished lo Gen. James Hamil ton, when he visited Europe a few years since, to negotiate a loan for the Texan Government, on a pledge of the public domain. The estimate is taken from the Congressional Report of 1839, as follows: Acres. Extent of Republic 203,420,000 Granted by Mexico and confirmed 53,311,267 Granted by Texas 5,597,356 Military bounty lands ... 4,393,074 Land scrip issues 1,500,000 -1,801,797 Unappropriated in 1839 138,618,203 Granted since 1839, say 38,618,203 Unappropriated at this time, 100,000,000 This may be regarded as a fair estimate, per haps under the truth. These 100,000,000 of acres, then, at fifty cents per acre, are equal to $50,000,000. The article next gives a table showing the comparative imports and exports from the U. Stales to Texas, from 1837 to 1843, inclusive. The greatest amount exported from this to that country, was in 1839, when it reached $1,687,082, a quarter of a million of which was tor domes tic cottons—an amount about one-third as great as ottr entire exports to that country in 1813. This deficit in our trade has, in part, been sup plied by domestic productions in Texas, and partly by Great Britain, who has held out com mercial inducements to the new Republic. This is proved by the fact that while the exports from the United States to Texas, have rapidly de creased, the imports from that country to this have gradually increased. For instance, the imports of 1837 were valued at only $163,384, in 1840 they reached $303,847, and in 1843, they swelled to $445,399, or nearly halt a million. This consisted principally of cotton, which was shipped to New Orleans and other ports of the Union. The rapid increase in the production of the staple is truly astounding. In 1837 the im portations to the United States scarcelj- exceed ed one million of pounds, in 1841 it had reach ed three million ol pounds, and in 1813 it ex ceeded seven and a halt millions ol pounds, which, even at the reduced prices of that year, was valued at $379,000. This shows a heavy and steady increase of trade in favor of Texas, and this too in the face of our Tarifflaws. Now that Texas is annexed, and no duties will have to be paid on these cottons, our planters will be likely, at no distant day, to experience a sad practical lesson on the impolicy ot the new al liance. Even the Charleston Mercury, one of the strongest and most consistently honest organs in favor of annexation, admits now, when the measure has been consummated, that the South has taken to her bosom a new rival in produc tion, and that her people will probably suffer from the embrace. He adds further, that the re sult will most likely be an increase of the pros perity and wealth ofthe Northern and manufac turing States. There is not a doubt of this. The drain of population from the Southern Stales, which must result from the greater pro ductiveness of the Texan lands, will not only weaken us in the national councils, but the com petition in production will drive us entirely from our present system ofculture. We will be com pelled to resort either to the sea or to manufac tures; or otherwise dragout a poor, miserable existence, in our worn out and almost deserted fields. Thus much in regard to the general condition ot this new member of the confederacy, her debts, commerce and resources. The article from which wc have drawn most of our materi al for these paragraphs, gives some particulars in regard to the commerce of Galveston, the principal seaport of Texas, for the year ending November Ist, 1841, as compared with the year 1842. In 1812, the total value of imports was $368,532, the duties on which were $89,012. — in 1811, the imports were $510,399, and the duties $158,815. The writer adds: “This in creasing trade and the economical manner in which the Government has been administered, is evinced in the message of the late President Houston, who states that during the three years of his official term, the nett revenue and expendi tures have been as follows:” P.evenue nett, ... .$466,158 Expenses, 460,209 Excess ofßevenue, $5,949 These statements, the writer says, are full}’ sustained by' the Report of the Treasurer ol Texas to the ninth Congress, received after the above facts were collated, and dated December 1,1844. This paper gives a summary of the commerce of the Republic for the year ending 31st ot July, 1841, from which it appears that during the commercial year there entered the port of Galveston, 130 vessels, having in value merchandise Irom the following countries, viz: From the United States, $593,825 11; Great Britain and Ireland, 51,059 89; British West Indies, 3,621 10; Spanish West Indies, 148 87; France, 5,584 58; Hanse Towns, 27,494 54; Austrian Adriatic Dominions, 1,185 86; Yuca tan, 663 57. Total value of importations, 5686,- 503 03. Upon the above the nett duty deducting expenses was $177,861 85, being about 26 9-16 i per cent, on the value of tfie importations, Ik' iimßMNMßii.li ■■WU JIM! .JU ~p" MSWi or about 5 per cent, less than the average du ties in the United State*, under ihc inriff act of 1812. Annexation will doubtless give a new impulse to affairs in Texas, as it will inspire confidence in the permanency of her independence, insure the payment of her public debt, and reduce the expenses of tier Govet nmenl. The trade of her seapoits will therefore be greatly advanced in proportion to the increase of her population, while a corresponding decrease of b<sh will be observed in the Southern and Western States.— The priceoflands will advance in Texas and fall in the older Slates. So too most likely in regard to negroes, because the decrease in the value of our landsand the productiveness of ne gro labor, will more than cqpnteibalance the increased demand lor slaves at the West,— When these results are realized, a# they most certainly will be, then will our people begin to repent of their folly in urging this mad scheme upon the country.’ Then the South will repent in “sackcloth and ashes,” while her Northern neighbors, the despised Yankee manulacturers, will be reaping a golden harvest from annexa tion. New England will be rejoicing over her extended home market for her products, and purchasing her raw mate, ialat reduced prices; while Virginia, the Carolinas and Georgia, will have grown hoarse in calling for an increase ot the tariff, to protect them in their feeble strug gles to establish a system oU-manutactures. — Such will be, must be, the most inevitable fate ot the Southern Atlantic States, unless a wise foresight impels them lo prepare for the change that must ensue upon this new addition ol ter ritory. In a national point of view, Texas may be a benefit to us. To the South it can only bring lean and sterile poverty, and humiliating dependence. The Inauguration. The National Intelligencer has the following sketch of the scene and proceedings within the Capitol, at the time ot the Inauguration: Within the Capitol a far more interesting , 1 "i uugh h ftHUs- MRPWE clothes and persons certainly were sustained. — The gentlemen’s gallery in the Senate chamber was crowded as in a moment, while the stairs leading to it and a large space about the door long continued to be occupied by a struggling mass, vainly hoping to work their way in.— The circular gallety opposite tothe gentlemen’s gallery was given up to the ladies, on condition, however, that beaux and brothers should be left behind; and, accordingly, when these doors also were thrown open, such a din of sweet sounds burst forth, and such a waving of plumes, fanned by ambrosial breath, astonished the delighted air, as would call for a poet duly to describe it. In the area below, the officials might be seen arranging seats and making preparation for the august assemblage that soon was to enter.— Senators and Representatives in Congress began to drop in, with now and then one of our naval or military heroes in his imposing military dress; and then the craning ot necks, and peer ing ot eager curious ej'ts, and the pressing of incessant queries, showed that to a large por tion of those who beheld it, the scene was en tirely new. At length the Marshal ot the Dis trict ol Columbia and the Clerk ofthe Supreme Court made their appearance, at the head of the Judges of the Supreme Court in their robes, who, entering the space in front of the Secretary’s table, occupied seats in a semicircle on the right of the Chair ofthe President ot the Senate. A solemn, beautiful, and very appropriate prayer was delivered by the Chaplain ofthe Senate. The Senate being called to order, the new Senators were qualified; among whom we re cognised, with cordial satisfaction, the noble in tellectual countenances ot several good Whigs and true, the eloquent advocates and guardians ofthe Union and the Constitution, whose voice has been as a battle cry in some ot the darkest days of our changeful histoty. When all the new Senators had taken their seats, the appearance ofthe Vice-Presidentelect attracted, as well by the dignity as the snow like whiteness of the hair which distinguishes Mr. Dallas, the immediate notice of all specta tors. The oath of office was administered to him by the Hon. Mr. Mangum, the President of the Senate, who immediately vacated his own seat, surrendering it to the new occupant. A brief pause ensued; after which Mr. Dal las rose and delivered, with great sell-posses sion and composure, the brief address, of which a copy will be found below. The Diplomatic Corps entered the hall while the Vice-President was speaking, and took their seats on the left ofthe Chair, opposite the Judges. If tlie appearance of Major General Scott, wiih his towering Ibnn and lofty plumes, and other General and Stall Officers, in full uniform, called forth comments and inquiries in all quar ters, who can tell the impression on one of the sons ofthe West, now visiting cities lorthe first time, ofthe brilliant, many colored, dazzling spectacle of official national costumes now pre sented to his gaze? “Who is that gentleman in the bright red coat?” “Which is the British Minister?”— “ Which the French?” “Who is that with the _ large epaulets?” “JVhere is the Spaniel’Mifi —that one with the gold snuffbox in bis hand ? —that ycungman withthe black moustaches?” “Where is the Mexican Minister?” A hun dred questions like these might be heard among the crowd in the gallery, andthemau who could answer seemed to be looked upon as a sort of oracle. At length the two Presidents, actual and elect entered, not like Richard and Bolingbroke, but side by side, and took their seals below the Clerk's table, and with their faces towards the audience, and lhen, altera brief pause, the or der of arrangements was read aloud, the parties tailing into their places as they were respective ly named, and the whole mass left the Senate Chamber and proceeded to the Eastern Porti- Here a temporary stage had been erected as at the inauguration of President Harrison, over the great flight of steps, and, from the front of this, the President Elect read to as many of the vast mass which filled the place in front as could hear him, his inaugural address. He read it in a firm tone of voice, with the air ofa man profoundly impressed by it him self, and desirous to impress it upon others. The delivery of the Inaugural being con cluded, the Oath of Office was administered to the President by the Chief Justice of the United States, and the new President was sainted by loud cheers from the surrounding multitude. The procession was then again formed, and escorted the President to the Presidential Man sion, where, in the course of the afternoon he received the congratulations ofa large number of his fellow-citizens. Among the military companies in the proces sion were the Independent Blues of Baltimore, and the Savage Factory Guards. INAUGURAL ADDRESS OF VICE-PRESIDENT DAI.LAS Senators!—ln directing the Vice-President to preside at the deliberations of this body, the Constitution of our country assigns to him a sphere and a duty, alike eminent and grateful. Without any of the cares of real power; with none of the responsibilities of legislation except in rare conjunctures, he is associated with the dignified delegates of Republican Sovereignties: he is posted by the entire American People in your confederated council, partly, it would seem, as an organ of Freedom’s fundamental principle of Order, and partly, perhaps, as a mere sym bol of that more popular and “ more perfect Union,” on which depend the blessings of our Peace, Independence and Liberty. His mission, tranquil and unimposing, is yet noble in its origin and objects, and happy as well as proud in its relations to you. No one, gentleman, can appreciate more high ly, or recognise more deferentially, than does the incumbent of this chair, the powers, privileges and rules or forms of the Senate of the United States. To maintain these, unimpairedand un relaxed, he feels to be an official duty, second, in impressive obligation, only to his Constitu tional allegiance. To their exercise the Re public owes incalculable good; and through them has been gradually achieved a wide-spread tame for wisdom, justice, moderation, and effi ciency, unsurpassed by any assemblage of states men in former or present times. A calm and well-adjusted system of action in this chamber, carefully devised and steadily pursued by those who have preceded us in it, has indeed largely contributed to the undoubted success of our great political experiment. Instability, haste, procrastination, discourtesy and indecision, habitually discountenanced and banished, leave, in undisturbed supremacy here, the powers ol enlightened reason, and the vigor of practical patriotism. Ourcountry reaps thence solid and substantial ad vantages in her policy, institutions prospects and renown. The citizen whom it has pleased a People to elevate by llieir suffrages, from the pursuits ol private and domestic life, may best evince his grateful sense of the honor thus conferred, by devoting his faculties, moral and intellectual, resolutely to their service. This I shall do, yet with a diffidence unavoidable to one conscious that almost every step in his appointed path is to him new and untried, and sensible how dangerous a contrast must occur in the transfer of powers from practised to unpractised hands. In observing, however, upon this floor, a num ber of those experienced and skilful statesmen on whom the nation justly looks with pride and reliance, 1 am assured that there can be but little danger of public disadvantage from inadverlen eies or mistakes, which their counsel may read ily avert or rectify. And thus, gentlemen' while aiming, frankly and impaitially, to exercise the functions of an unaccustomed station in the spirit of the Constitution, for the enlarged and lasting purposesof a revered Country, and with sincere good will towards all, I may cherish the encouraging hopeol being able, with the assent of an indulgent Providence, at once to perform my duty, and to attract your confidence. A very extraordinary, if not altogether un precedented. conjunction of comets, has recently occurred. The comet, which, before the inter ference of the moon, was distinctly visible to the naked eye, has passed within two degrees of Mauvais’ comet. Had its motion been a little more rapid, we might have had an occultation of a comet by a comet—a phenomenon altogether new in the history of astronomy.— Neuburyoart Herald. ■■■LLU..J —MR Chronicle anb Sentinel. until STA. TUES|)\Y MORNING, MARCH 11. AoßNcr.—MrV. B. I’almbr i« aulliorised to act n» our ogrotfor all business counseled widi 4>is office in ibe ciliea of New I'oilc, Philadelphia, Boston and Bal timore. Hie office ill New York is 160 Naaaau ulreel; I’liiladeliihia, 59 Pine-street; Baltimore, H. E. corner of Baltimore and C'aherl-strcels; Boston, 16 Slato-st. The Canal Meeting. The Meeting oo Saturday night, an extract from the report of the proceedings of whicli will be found in our paper ol this morning, was one which must have inspired every correct minded man, who takes any interest in the pros perity of lhe city, with an elevated pride. The best possible feeling was manifested throughout lhe large concourse ; every man seemed to be impressed with the importance and necessity of prompt action, and a unanimity unparalleled in our knowledge of such meetings characterised the deliberations. The right spiiit is at werk, and without something to change the present di rection, Augusta will ere long feel the effects of better times. A Treaty.—The Washington correspon dent ol the New York Courier is informed that Mr. Polk will adopt the alternative ot negotia ting a treaty of cession with Texas-, which, in all probability, will be ready to be submitted to lhe Senate some lime in July next, for their ra tification, and for which purpose that body will he convened. Nominations Lost. —The National Intelli gencer says: The Senate held no Executive Session, on Monday, so that a large number of Ap pointment of Consul of the United Stales at Liverpool. Supreme Court— Two Important Decisions. —We learn from the Globe that the Supreme Court have decided the very important land case, from Louisiana, involving the validity of the celebrated grant known as the Maison Rouge grant. The lands claimed under it were thirty leagues, being upwards ot two hundred and At ty thousand acres, lying on both sides of the river Ouachita, near Manroe. The case was decidedin favor of the United Slates, the alleged grant being declared by the court fraudulent and void. The court also decided a case from Michi gan, in which it ruled that lands purchased from lhe United States in that state, are subject to state taxation from the date of sale. On the part of the purchasers it was contended that the lands were not liable to be so taxed, because, until the patent issued, the legal estate was still in the United States, and the lands therefore ex empt from taxation. Montgomery and West Point R. Road. —The Montgomery (Ala.) “ Advertiser" says: “ We understand that the Railroad Company has at length succeeded in giving such security as was satisfactory lo the Governor. The mat ter was, we believe, arranged last week. The work will now be commenced immediate ly trom Chehaw lo Auburn, about 18miles far ther. The loan thus made renders the ultimate completion of the road to West Point now cer tain. “The amount thus granted to the Montgome ry and West Point Railroad Co. is $120,000, which thus applied will aid in carrying out a work of great importance to this section of the State, ol great national and commercial impor tance as it will considerably increase the mail lacilities and shorten the distance between New Yorxand New Orleans, and it will keep within the State and also bring into it produce that would be compelled to seek a different channel.” Splendid Present to Mr. Clay.—A rich and beautiful sei of plate, says the Louisville Journal of Tuesday, passed through this city last week as a present lo Mr. Clay. We under stand it came from New York. a~>The National IntelligenceroftheSth inst., says“ The Smate sat with closed doors on Thursday, without, we believe, acting upon any appointments; awl then adjourned overto Mon day, apparently trigive time to the President to prepare nominations for the many and impor them, or which it rriyy be the intention of the President now lo vjeate. It is supposed that the Senate will remain in session vet some da y s " _____; O’ A Washington correspondent ofthe New York Express says:—Mr. Polk, when he came on, brought bis twe editor? with him, and it was supposed that anew official would make its appearance, but. Mr. Polk's independence lias melted away like snow before the sun.— Col. Benton will hare no other organ than the Globe; consequentlf, the two editors are walk ing about with their fingers in their mouths. Illinois Canal Bill.—We have accounts from the seat of Government of the State of Il linois to the 27th ultimo. The House of Re presentatives, by a vole of 60 to 42, had passed the bill to provide for paying a portion ot the interest on lhe State debt. Its most objectiona ble provisions were first stricken out; so that, it it becomes a law hi its present shape, it will consummate the coniract with the bondholders, and secure lhe completion of the II inois and Michigan Canal.— Nat. Jj' The detention ot the cars on Saturday night from Charleston, was occasioned by a run offof the passenger train, which detained them several hours; and a subsequent detention by a freight train which had broke down. We did not hear of any personal injury. Fire in Norfolk.—A fire occurred in Nor folk on the 4th inst. by which four new brick stores and most ol their contents were destroyed. They were partially insured. Anti-Rentism. —Another demonstration of the anti-renters has been made in Columbia county, N. Y., in an attempt to tar and feather the sheriff, who was about to sell some property. The sale was, however, postponed and no other violence was committed. Fire in Washington.—The National Theatre and six dwellings, together with seve ral stables and out buildings, were destroyed in Washington city by fire on the night of the sth inst. Total loss about $50,000. The fire origi nated in the oil room of the Theatre, but fortu nately the alarm was given in lime to permit the large audience in attendance upon the perform ance to escape without serious injury. J3"The death of the venerable Phineas Bradley is announced in the National Intelli gencer ol Saturday. In the better days of ’the Republic, and many years, when appoint ment to office was a true mark of personal worth and conferred honorable distinction, Dr. Bradley filled the responsible station of Assistant Post Master General with distinguished fidelity and honor. He died in the 76th year of his age. Stage Coach Struck by Lightning.— On the night of the 19th ult., the driver of a stage in Tennessee was knocked from his seat on the box, stunned by the effects of the lightning, which had struck near him, the horses were frightened and ran down an embankment, up setting the stage and severely wounding several of the passengers. The Veto Vetoed.—The last veto of John Tyler of the Revenue Cutter Bill was vetoed by Congress—both houses having passed the bill by two thirds majorities. American Mail Steamers.—We may con gratulate the country, says the National Intelli gencer, upon the passage ol a bill authorizing the conveyance of let ers lo foreign ports in our own steamers, and hope that these noble ships will soon traverse the ocean, regulated by our own skilful engineets and commanded by our own seamen. To Dr. Junius Smith, an Ame rican gentleman, who first stimulated English enterprise to carry the project of steamship ocean navigation into effect, is our country indebted for this further movement, and we trust he will be adequately sustained in his efforts until he shall carry his great design into complete effect. He is fully determined to proceed forthwith in the construction of several magnificent steam ships, and we may hope, in a year or eighteen months, to see their regular departures and ar rivals in New York. The value of importations of foreign mer chandise into New-York, for January and Febru ary, 1845, was $2,076,306 less than for thesame months in 1845, while the duties received for January and February, 1843, were only 820,- 300 less than the corresponding months in 1844. , Meeting at the City Hall on Saturday. Extract from the Minutes ol a Meeting of the citizens of Augusta, at the City Hall, on Sa turday, Sth inst.. convened lor the purpose of transacting business connected with the con struction ot a Canal from Bull Sluice to said city, for Manulactu’ing, Boating, and other • proposes: Mr. William M. D’Antignac submitted the following paper in behalf of the several bank inginstitutions therein named. Viewing the contemplated canal as a work calculated to promote the general interests of the city o! Augusta, the Bank of Augusta, the Georgia Rail Road and Banking Company, th? Augusta Insurance and Banking Company, and the Bank of Brunswick, propose, each ot them, to furnish the City Council of Augusta, the sum of one thousand dollars, to aid in the construction ofa canal for manufacturing, boat ing and other purposes, on the conditions ing, viz: The City Council to assess such yearly per centum of taxes upon the real estate of Augus ta, as shall, in ten years, raise one hundred thou sand dollars, or such less sum as may be re quired, including the subscriptions, above pro posed, and such other voluntary ones as may be made. The tax thus to be raised not to exceed one per cent, per annum, and to be specifically pledged and appropriated to the exclusive pur pose of yayiug the bonds hereinafter mentioned. The City Council to issue to each of the afore said banking institutions, voluntary subscribers, and to each tax-payer, from time to time, within the next ten years, as the aforesaid special tax I .may be collected—a transferable certificate, , the amount paid for said canal and w to transfer in lee"simple,' oV such" • certificates, in proportion to their respective interests, the work in question, with foil power to institute such organization as may be neces sary to its completion and subsequent manage ment. The City Council to furnish the Scrip holders when organized, with its bonds for an amount not exceeding the sum before mentioned—said bonds to be payable in ten equal annual instal ments, bearing an interest of eight per cent, per annum, payable semi-annually. The City Council to reqnire that said con templated canal shall extend to some elevated point south of the Beaver Dam between Jack son and Washington streets within the corpo rate limits. The Banks aforesaid, as a further induce ment to the City Council to enter into the pro posed agreement, will in proportion to their capital, cash the bonds thus conditioned for, as in the progress of the work, the money may be needed. Whereupon, on motion of John Moore, Esq. it was Resolved, That it is the sense of this meeting that the proposal of the Banks should be acced ed to by the City Council, and that that body be requested to take such action as will carry the plan suggested into complete effect, so soon as the rightof way shall have been finally secured. Resolved, That the Secretary of this meeting transmit to the Council a copy of the above re solution, and the proposition of the banks above referred to, and that the same be published in the several gazettes ot this city. HENRY H. CUMMING, Sec’ty. The River and Harbor Bill. This bill, passed after an arduous struggle of two or three days in the House of Representa tives, and afterwards taken up and passed bj’ the Senate, fell through, as our readers are aware, by the late President refusing, ala mode Jack son, either to sign it or return it with his objec tions. We have thought it proper, says the Na tional Intelligencer, that the country should dis tinctly know what class of appropriations it is that the Executive selects for the purpose ot thus defeating it. The following proposed objects and amounts of appropriations are copied from that bill: For breakwater at Burlington, Lake Champlainsls,ooo For breakwater at Plattsburg, Lake Champlain 15,000 For harbor at Whitehall, Lake Cham- plain 5,000 For harbor at Port Ontario, Lake On- tafio t• • g 16 ■■ ■ 18;9eg For Big Sodus Bay, Lake Ontario 5,000 For harhor at Genesee river, Lake Ontario 25,000 For harbor at Sackett’s Hat bor, Lake Ontario 1,000 For construction of a dredge boat for Lake Ontairo 20,000 For harbor at Buffalo, Lake Erie SIJOOO For harbor at Dunkirk, Lake Erie 20,000 For harbor at Erie, Lake Erie 30,0. 0 For Grand River harbor, Lake Erie.... 10.000 For harbor at Cleveland, Lake Erie.... 25,000 For harbor at Huron, Lake Ei ie 5,000 For harbor at Sandusky city, Lake Erie 5,000 For River Raisin harbor, Lake Erie,... 10,000 For dredge boat to be used on Lake Erie 20,000 For the St. Clair flats 10,000 For Grand River harbor, Lake Michi- gan 10,000 For harbor at the mouth ot the Kalama- zoo river 10,000 For harbor at Si. Joseph, Lake Michi- gan 10,000 For harbor at Michigan city, Lake Michigan... 25,000 For Little Fort harbor, Lake Michigan. 12 000 For harbor at Racine,Lake Michigan.. 17,852 For harbor at Milwaukie, Lake Michi- gan 25,000 For harbor at St. Louis 50,000 For breakwater at Stamford ledge, Me. 20,(MIO For harbor at Boston4o,ooo For harbor at Bridgeport, Ct'.. 15,000 For harbor at PorlJeffer-on bay, New York 5,000 For harbor at New Castle, Delaware... 25,000 For harbor at Port Penn, Delaware.... 10,000 For Delaware breakwaterloo,ooo For harbor at Baltimore city 20,000 For Hog Island channel, ai Charleston city.S.C. 25,000 For surveys that may be deemed neces- sary by the War Department, with a view to improvements for the protec tion and security ofthe commerce of the country 20,000 For removing obstructions in the Hud- son river 100,000 For removmgobstructions in the Savan- nah river 50,000 For Newark bay, and the Passaic river New Jersey 15,00 For removing obstructions from the mouth ofthe Susquehanna river, near Havre de Grace, and improving the main channel into the Chesapeake Bay 20,000 For the Ohio, above the falls at Louis- ville 100,000 For the Indian chute, in the falls ol the Ohio 15,000 For the Ohio river below the falls at Louisville, and the Mississippi, Mis souri, and Arkansas rivers 240,000 Fora ship canal around the Falls ot Sault St. Maryloo,ooo For the Cumberland r0ad225,000 For opening a communication between Albermarle Sound and the Atlantic ocean, and improvement of a harbor at or near old Roanoke Inlet 50,000 For Providence harbor, Rhode Island.. 5,000 [communicated.] Obituary.—Another Revolutioner Gone. Departed this life in Greene county, Ga., on Tuesday morning, the 25th ol February last, at S o’clock, after a long-protracted illness of a pulmonary character, Mr. George Slaughter, aged 81 years, one month and nineteen days. Mr. Slaughter was born and raised in Cum berland county, Virginia, was born on the 6th of January, 1761, movedto South Carolina in 1793, thence to Greene county, Ga., in 1796, where he resided until his death. Towards the close of the revolutionary war he joined the American army at 16 years ol age, and served 7 months as a private soldier, and was with Gen. Washington and others, at the taking of Lord Cornwallis. He embraced religion at the age of sixty-five years, and attached himself to the Methodist Episcopal Church, ot which he remained a worthy and acceptable member until his death. He has left many relations, friends and ac quaintances to lament bis death, but “their loss is his eternal gain,” as he often exclaimed in his last illness, that “ Death would be a welcome messenger, and that he felt assured of his ac ceptance with God, and saw his way clear.’’ Notwithstanding all the efforts of his physician, family, relatives and friends, to restore him, Death came and took him away. “ Why do we moarn departed friends, Or.'hake at Death’s alarms, ’Tie but the voice that Jesus sends To call them to his arms. ’’ There were exported from Boston, during the week ending on the Ist instant, 1,943 bales of Domestic Goods. Ot these 1,683 bales were shipped to South America, 212 to Smyrna, 37 to the West Indies and 11 bales to Africa. HP—MW——W— — I,lst of Public Acts passed at tlie Session ofCougreMtliat has Just closed. Ads pasted which, originated in.the Snti'.lc. An act to change the time of holding the Federal Courts in Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, and Loui siana. An act to grant certain lands to the State of 'lndiana, the belter to enable the said Stale to extend and complete lhe Wabash and Erie Ca nal from Terre Haute to the Ohio river. An act to confirm the survey and location of claims for lands in the State of Mississippi, east of the Pearl river, and south of the thirty first degree of north latitude. An act cut-firming and assenting to an act of the Legislature of Virginia, entitled "An act further to amend the act incorporating the Ches apeake and Ohio Canal Company.” An act extending the jurisdiction ofthe Dis trict Courts to certain cases upon the lakes and navigable waters connecting the same. An act to organise a new land district in the southern part of the State of Arkansas. An act renewing certain naval pensions for the term oi five years. An act to reduce the rates of postage, to limit the use and correct the abuse ol the franking privilege, and lor the prevention of frauds on the revenues ofthe Post Office Department. An act to quiet the titles to certain lots in the towns of Perrysburg and Croghansville, in the Slate ofOhio. An act to amend an act entitled "An act to carry into effect in the State of Alabama and Mississippi the existing compacts with those States with regard to the five per cem. fund and the school reservations.” An act to repeal “ Au act for the better or ganization ol the District Court ofthe United States within the State of Louisiana,” and for other purposes. An act relating ic revenue cutters and steam ers. [This act was returned to the Senate by the President of the United States with his reasons tor not approving and signing the same. Upon reconsideration, two-thirds of the Senate agreed to pass the bill; and it was sent, together with . .the to rescntatlveMtywnicWir was sidered, and approved by two thirds of that House. It has, therefore, become a law.] An act allowing drawback upon foreign mer chandise exported in the original packages Io Chihuahua and Santa Fe, in Mexico, and to the British North American provinces adjoin ing the United Stales. An act to provide for the transportation of the mail between the United States and foreign countries. An act to amend an act entitled “An act to provide for the enlistment of boys into the naval service, and to extend the term of enlistment ot seamen.” An act to amend the act entitled “An act making appropriations for the naval service for the fiscal year ending 301 h June, 1845.” An act explanatory of an act entitled “ An act making appropriations for the civil and diplo matic expenses of Government for the year 1839." An act to authorise a relocation of land war rants numbers three, four, and five, granted by Congress to General Lafayette. An act restricting the grant of pensions in certain cases. An act vesting in the county commissioners of the county of Wyanuott the right to certain town lots and out Jots in the town of Upper Sandusky, in the State of Ohio. An act to extend a patent heretofore granted to William Woodworth. An act to authorise the South Carolina Railroad Company to import certain pipes and machinery ftee of duty. An act supplementary to “An act to repeal ‘An act for the better organization of the Dis trict Court of the United States within the State of Louisiana,’and for other purposes,” appro ved February 13, 1815. An act supplementary to an act entitled “An act to fix the value of certain moneys of ac count in computations at the castom houses.” Senate Joint Resolutions. A resolution explanatory ot an act entitled “An act making appropriations for the pay ment of Revolutionary and other pensions of the United States for the fiscal year ending the 30th June, 1845.” A resolution authorizing an allowance to Purser D. M. F. Thornton, in the settlement of his accounts. A resolution to authorize the Attorney Gen eral to contract for copies of a proposed edition ot the Laws and Treaties ot the United States. A resolution for distributing the work on the Exploring Expedition. A resolution amendatory of the resolution passed April 30, 1814, “ respecting the applica tion of certain appropriations heretofore made.” A resolution to suspend a part of the third section ofthe joint Resolution ofthe 11th Sep tember, 1811, relating to armories. A resolution authorizing the employment ol additional inspectors of the customs at the port of New Orleans. A resolution directing an examination of Putnam’s ploughing and dredging machine. Acts passed which originated in the House. An act making appropriations lor the cur parifiient, and for fulfilling ire aiy stipulations with the various Indian tribes, for the fiscal year commencing on the fust day of July, 1815, and ending on the I3lh day ol June, 1846. An act to authorize the sale of two Arabian horses, received a present by the Consul of the United States al Zanzibar, from the Imaum ot Muscat. An act to correct a clerical error in the act supplementary to an act to regulate arrest or mesne process in the District of Columbia, and to amend the title thereof. An act lor lhe relief ot lhe President and Di rectors of the Dismal Swamp Canal Company. An act making appropriations f.,r the pay ment of navy pensions for the vear ending June 30, 1846. An act in alteration of an act entitled “An act to establish a port of delivery at the city ot Lafayette, in the Slate of Louisiana.” An act to change the time of holding the circuit and criminal courts in the county’ of Washington. An act for the admission of the States of lowa and Florida into the Union. An act milking appropriations for the sert ice of the Post Office Department for the year ending 30th June, 1846. An act making appropriations for the support ofthe Military Academy lor the year ending June 30, 1846. An act making appropriations for the pay ment of revolutionary and other pensions of lhe United States lorlhe yearending the 30th ot June, 1846. An act supplemental to the act lor the admis sion ofthe Slates ot lowa and Florida into lhe Union, and lor other purposes. [This act relates exclusively to the new State of Florida.] An act supplementary to the act for the ad mission of the States of lowa and Florida into the Union. [This act relates exclusively to the new State of lowa ] An act for the purchase of certain copies ol the history of Oregon, California, and the other territories on the northwest coast of America. An act making appropriations tor the naval service tor the year ending the 30th of June, 1846. An act mnkingappropriations for certain for tifications of the United States for lhe year ending on the 30th ot June, 1846. An act providing payment forcertain military services in Florida. An act to establish certain post routes. An act for the construction and improvement of certain roads in the Territory of Wisconsin. An act regulating commercial intercourse with the Islands of Miquelon and St. Pierre. An act to continue the harbor improvement already commenced at the town of Southport, in the Territory of Wisconsin. An act making appropriations forcertain im provements in the Territory of lowa. An act making appropriations for the support of the army for the year ending on the 30th ol June, 1816. An act to establish a uniform time for bold ing elections for electors of President and Vice- President in all the States in the Union. An act making appropriations tor the civil and diplomatic expenses of Government for the year ending the 30th June, 1846, and for other purposes. Joint Resolutions. A joint resolution authorizing lhe Secretary ofWartopay any balance that due the Shawnee Indians who served in tluv Florida war. Joint resolution for annexing^B xas to the United States. Get:' :..: "I >hc Um-'l S'-tie-^^^^B ac t VlthoUt a<lvcit ; -iug l.r pro;. -al- • n~ lefalllt „f inter'.'.-• t p- stock- or bonds held by tlie Unite ! trust, to retain certain moneys io v. Slate is entitled, for the purpose therei^^R e d. Joint resolution to fix the the act to reduct literates of p< th- use an-1 i-orie< 11! e abtt-e ol the H t ri-. ili-g--, revenue ofthe Post office at this session, shall go into effect. Fatal Casualties.—About on Tuesday night, the wal! of the cor ner of Victory and Champs streets fron’iuz " Vi, tore sin o, fell w crash, and, sad to relate, covore^^Hruins some three or four prisons who M^^K nES ; nir a t the time, one of whom, a the em ploy of Mr. Repass, was crushed th. ano . th< r was v r.- s-verelt innn-jli- ( ', r lu .„ others are sai l to be injured, tously. It seems that the house some’alterations internally, prepatVtory to Being" converted into an ice-house, thus w-eakening the wall. Had the wall fallen in theLjay time, the loss of life would doubtless have bA eri mora ( ] e . plorable, as the street there is almo st constantly filled with people, owing to its con, tiguity to the Pontchartrain railroad, besides beiri <, a business thoroughfare.—Pie. ” Q- The autograph of Washing ton recently sold in London for £2 55.; that ot E V ron for £1 2s; and Dr. Franklin’s lor XII 2-. " WEDNESDAY MORNING, MARCH 12 Sir. I’olk and the Southern Wing. Thus far the new Pie ident seems to have been singularly unfortunate in pleasing, it he was desirous to please, I lie Calhoun portion of the self-styled " Democracy.” The “Charles ton M'rcuzy,” the organ par excellence ol that branch of the party, gives out evident signs of displeasure with the inaugural, and its Wash ington correspondent inflicts a severe and caus tic satire upon the new Cabinet. I his was, however, to be expected as soon as it was cer tainly ascertained that Mr. Calhoun was to go by the board, and that little respect would be shown to his adherents in the disposition of the “loaves and fishes.” The seeds of dissention have doubtless taken deep root among the in congruous massof which the party is compos ed, and the signs are ominous of an open rup ture, to whatever extent the Calhoun wing can accomplish that object. To keep our readersadvisedofthis interesting flarc-up, in prospective, we annex the editorial comments of the " Mercury" upon the Inaugu ral, and the sketch ofthe Cabinet from the letter of its Washington correspondent, who it seems was mistaken in giving to Mr. Jones the Attor ney-Generalship. “ The New President —The Inaugural— We present Mr. Polk’s addresson taking the oath ot office. Il is, with a few exceptions, a plain and sensible document, though rather 100 long for the occasion. We do not regret, how ever, its views in detail, for in these days of chicanery, we really learn nothingabout a man’s purposes, by the annunciation ol general max ims. Mr. Po[LJias felt compelled to descend to not help indicating ' has sa “* not i‘> n ? -I.ijf’tetowft sigjtii»dj|»ence, lor instance, on ..oil wl'o'd, has been re-openerßWvidely under the Treasu ry in these last two years. The insatiable and equally unscrupulous appetite which lhe Demo crats have ol late shown f.,r lhe plunder of the Treasury under this head, and which threatens to become so fruitful a source of waste, does not seem to Mr. Polk to lie an evil, and lhe spoilers have some right to interpret his silence as a pledge that he will lay no reforming hand there, and that however else be may use the veto, it will not be upon Western River and Canal bills. We fear that this is what he means by saying nothing. His speech isnear )y as unfortunately significant on the other great subject, the Tariff, as his refusal to speak on that of Internal Improvement. Oracular silence on the one—oracular nonsense on the other. We looked for explicit declarations on both—we find nothing about the one, and not., ing but equivocation about the other. “Itis true that on the Tariff Mr. Polk an nouces u hat some years since would have pass ed for good free trade doctrines. Like the word “occupy” in Bardoll’s explanation, they were words and phrases of good purport, till they were brought into disgrace and suspicion by being used as a veil for the most abominable, unequal and ruinous system of Tariff plunder. They are the watchwords of lhe enemy and ought to be shunned. And in illustratingand elaborating his general maxims of taxation, Mr. Polk gives 100 much reason to think , he has been ploughing with Mr. Appleton’s heifer and found out his riddle, whereby free trade, and just and equal taxation can be made to mean the Ta riff of 1812. He reiterates all those declara tions of his in past times, that have any lean ing to protection, and carefully forgets to reite rate those in which he unequivocally con demned the present Tariff and pledged him self to adhere to the act of 1833. Again we are reminded of “the remark of an ancient Roman Consul,” quoted by Gen. Harrison. “We have been used to give Mr. Polk special credit for plain, hardy, manly common sense, which, if it never produced anything very brilliant, performed the far better office of guarding its possessor from absurdities. But nothing human is certain, and now it appears that some wicked sophister has been tamper ing with the simplicity ot his brains and made a mess of them. He talks—he, the President ofthe United States, on lhenoblest occasion, when his words were to I e marked by all the thinking men of the civilized world—he talks about a revenue tariff, with discriminations tor protection, and about revenue being the princi ple and protection the incident, with as much gravity and composure as it he were not talk ing nonsense. Why, is there a sensible man in tho United States who does not know that revenue and protection are principles directly and irreconcileably at war with each other.— The objects of taxation tor revenue, are the estate ol the Government, which it will seek on revenue principles, to enlarge and foster, as the individual his plantation. Protection from its must modest to Its most Impudent demands, in every one of its stages aims only to em barrass, to wither, to destroy these sources of ifaTnTiothing, but by working out | this ruin to the taxed branches ot trade. But we forbear to expatiate. "Ofa piece with this flummery about reve nue for protection and discrimination for inci dents and pokeberries for principle, is that other precious piece of nonsense about “equal protection to all classes." It all interests are equally protected by laying taxes—then all pay an equal protection ot the lax and get an equal portion otlhe protection, and. great Heavens! what an amount ol impudence it takes to main tain that any body gains anything by it! Pro tection to exist at all by taxing, (that is by taking money from the people) must be partial. It mustgive a man more than it takes from him. Can a man be sincere then, or it so, can he be in his senses, when he talks of benefitting all classes by laying taxes on them—enriching them by taking away their property —filling vessels by turning them upside down and al lowing waler to leak upward! We are tired ol all this fudge, so much so, as to be absolute ly refreshed when we meet with a piece of plain, unmitigated, unequivocal hostility. “ What then do these equivocations, this pal tering with principles, mean? Can it mean anything but a wish to give all portions of the heterogeneous party that support him, a pretext to say “he is all right—see here, he is for free trade”—“see here, he is for protection”—“see here, he is for something between the extremes!” We shall see this effect, whether designed or nor. What hope then does Mr. Polk’s Inaugu ral afford ot an adjustment ofthe great question ofthe Tariff? We see none. “ We are not surprised at this tone ol the Inaugural; we hud confidently expected it, and we do not draw from it the conclusion that Mr. Polk is the enemy of free trade and just taxa tion, butthat he is the creature otcircumstances and the humble servant of the most formidable faction. We are still as ready as when he was nominated, however, to pledge him all the sup port we can give consistent with our principles, and if that is little it shall be his fault, not ours.” The following is the extract from the Wash ington correspondent of the Mercury: " The Cabinet is known. Buchanan, for the State Department; Walker, for the Treasury; Marcy ol New York, for the War Department; Bancrof tol Massachusetts, for the Navy; Cave Johnson, for tlie Post Office; John W. Jones, Attorney General. Yon will see at a glance that it consists of two things. Old Hunkerism and anti Calhotmism. These are the essential elements ol its composition. It any of your people down south have been fbr the last ten years yearning for reform, you will see how triumphant it has become, in the organization ol the Cabinet,and this may be made clearto their entire I will give you asketch of each of dignitaries com posing it. “I. James IJinTOnan. Slightly suspected during the lasf'war of beginning life not as he ought to havo done, but now a Tariff Democrat, lie it was'who boasted that he had proved be fore the-Pebple of Pennsylvania, by Mr. Polk’s letter t<> Kane of Philadelphia, that he was a better/Tariff man than Mr. Clay. If he be lieved - this, in spite of the Kane Leiter, he was a fool: and if he did not believe it, and yet tried to convince the people ol it—you know what he -ii. ' He is known to be an able, moderate Old Hunker—very timid, and hales trouble. He is hardly the man to face Great Britain in any difficult emergency; much less to negotiate a commercial treaty with liar, lor which by the late advices at Washington she is prepared—re ducing reciprocally the duties in each country to the revenue standard. He declared in the Se nate that the Act of 1833 gave sufficient protec tion to the manufacturers, yet voted for its over throw ; and then with his men in the House of Representatives refused both at the last Session and at this to modify the Act of 1812. “2. Mr. Robert Walker, ot Mississippi—but rather of Pennsylvania, lor he was a leading politician in Pennsylvania before he left it, and has lately, by two Judges in Mississippi, been adjudged not to be a resident of that Slate. Mr. Wa?ker is a clever man, of a good deal of as tuteness ot intellect, and laborious in habits, but without much grasp ot mind, or originality. The greatest financial measure he has origina ted, is Io lax worn jewelry and family plate. He goes for blue beads and pe r ter spoons. Itissup posed he will make himself immortal by some such striking and original measure which will at once prove his genius, and save the country. Old Hunker No. 2. “3. William L. Maruy, as notorious as Nell Gwinn in the time of Charles lhe First. He it was who first enunciated on the floor ot the Se nate that infamous principle in politics—‘ to lhe victors belong the spoils.’ He has been brought up in all the impurities of New York polities, and yet does distinguish honor, it is said, to his education. His name is the synonym of all that is corrupt and proscriptive in politics. Old Hunker No. 3- “4. George Bancroft, a writer of history, and a good pamphleteer, run fbr Governor last year tn Massachusetts, merely to show him off—for success, ol course was known to be hopeless. Mr. Bancroft was a staunch adherent to Mr. Van Buren, speaks well, but has never been in active politic-,and knows but little, therefore of its practical duties. Besides, he was a rank Federalist some seven years ago, and therefore makes the better Hunker No. 4. “5. Cave Johnson, one ofthe most malignant, narrow-minded, vindictive political partisans alive, and therefore just suited to the Post Office Department, with thiity thousand subjects for the knife of party' proscription, and the strength ening of lhe Adininistral ion thereby. He has always exhibited the grasp ofhis understanding, by assailing on the floor of Congress little pri vate claims. On this account he wastalled by a Member of Congress, “the watch-dog of the Treasury.” “Oh yes!” says another—"a cur!” He has never been able to deliver a single speech duringsome fifteen year services in Con gress, on a single general subject of any magni tude. He has written doggerel against Calhoun a long time ago, but hales him too much for that now. He was a rabid Van Buren man last yeat, and on the Texas question, the other day, declared that he would take Texas with slavery abolished in it, rather than embarrass Mr. Polk with the question. He is par excellence a Southern New Yorker, recognized by all the faithful as an Old Hunker No. 5. “6. John W. Jones, late Speaker of the House of Representatives, and a regular party hack. He has a good voice, equal to the buti nessof a Virginia County Court, but will hard ly adorn an office that a Wirt and a Legare has filled. At lhe last Session of Congress he or ganized the Commitiee of Ways and Means so as to report against the modification of the Ta riff'. A Whig, Mr. Chappell, from Georgia, altered its character. So also, he organized the Committee on Rules to report the repeal ol tha 21st Rule; and the Committee of Federal Rela tions so as to defeat Texas annexation. He has won a title to the full confidence of the New York Democracy and now meets his reward. He is good natured, however, although stupid and rather dirty, but yet fit to join hands in sweet fraternity, as Old Hunker No. 6. “ Farewell! I close my correspondence for the season, with my bow to you and the Old Hunkers, wishing you all a hearty coalescence and a frimnpAanZ Administration.” American Manufacture.—More than 150,000 yards of coarse woolen cloths have been sent to Canada from Western New York, during tlie ■ wntiF-Jim jtfHW I—— We ask the public, say* the N. Y. Tribune, to consider the fact above stated in connection with the notorious truth that Canada, is amply sup plied with all descriptions ol British manufac tures at lower rates of duty (if any) than those charged on our productions sent to the same maiket. Now answer this : Is it true, can it nr. true, that our people are pay ing flfty or a hundred per cent, more for their cloths because qf our Tariff, when we eend just each cloths into Canada, and there sell them in com petition with the rival fabrics ofthe nation which manufactures most and cheapest of any in the world, and which enjoys advantages over us in en tering the market? O’The mail failed yesterday beyond Peters burg. From an endorsement on a package we learn that this is the result ofa squabble be tween the Richmond and Petersburg Rail Road Companies, in consequence of which, when the mail arrived aftet hour due, by the Richmond cars, the Petersburg company refused to receive it, although their cars had not left the depot! This is indeed an admirable state of things, and we trust one of the first duties ol the new Post Master General will be to make an example of these contractors. A writer in the Boston Courier inquires whether the invention in England of the process for transferring to a blank sheet distinct and complete impressions of a printed page or an engraved print, is Mr. Dixon’s, a gentleman who discovered the art in this country five or six years ago. Mr. Dixon, at lhe time a resi dent of Taunton, Mass., made at Boston, in lhe year 1839, in the presence of the Hon. Ed ward Everett, and others, in a few minutes, copies of page 521 ofschaal’s Syriac Lexicon, as perfect and beautiful as the original. He subsequently made, with similar despatch, co pies ot the certificate of the gentleman who witnessed the extraordinary operation. The correspondent oftheCourierisanxious to know whether it is Mr. Dixon’s discovery which is now exciting so much attention in England, or whether another person, a lew years later, has discovered lhe same art —now styled Anastatic Printing. New Orleans an» Nashville.—The Nash ville Union and Whig are suggesting the estab lishment of an Express Mail between that city and Montgomery, by which they calculate they could obtain news t'rom N. Orleans in three and a half or four days without fait, except from unfore seen delays, whlth are not likely|to occur very l /'*wnsmj I’htfKeayime'dflKwiiih BHK. From Mexico.—By the arrival at a late hour last night oi the brig Abiona, Capt. Doane, we have intelligence from Vera Cruz up to the 18th inst., four days later. Verbally we learn that there was no news of importance stirring. Santa Ana was still in pri son at Perote. Letters from the tyrant to dif feren merchints at Vera Cruz, directing them not to give up any money ofhis in their hands, had been intercepted. It is stated that the 24th of February had been fixed upon ns the time of bringing on the trial of Santa Ana, and ho is to senion his defence in writing instead of appearing in person before the Grand Jury. The Alexandria Gazette, speaking of the In augural address, says: Our opinion is, that ft is a very ordinary docu ment written in a very ordinary style. Itsgene ral propositions are common place, and recog nized, for the most part, as political truisms, repeated over and over again by every speaker who talks and every writer who writes, on the constitutional powet • of our government. * * We find in lhe adl.ess no comprehensive, statesmanlike views, and nothing which dis plays the commanding character of a great man, with the ability, in the present condition of our county, to conduct the affairs ot the re public, as we should most desire they might be conducted. In these comments we wish to be courteous, though we cannot be courtly. Trie Lead Caves of Missouri.—The Cin cinnati Chronicle says—Our country isasgreat in caves as it is in mountains and rivers.— Among these the most remarkable are lhe re cently discovered lead cavesot Missouri. They are about sixty miles south ot Saint Louis, in Jefferson county, not far from Herculaneum. A series ol large caves has been discovered in a rich lead mine, which seems to be made, as it were, out ot lead. Five have here now been discovered, leading from the one to another— but the end is not vet: for the end has not been discovered. Five ofthe.se caves have been dis covered. The following are their dimensions: Ist Cave,so feet by 30 2d d 025 do 50 3d do4o do 70 4th d 025 do 30 sth has been explored only partially. The following paragraph from lhe St. Louis Repub lican, willexplain what is known ofthesecaves: “General James Hunt, formerly ot Tren ton, New Jersey, has led the way in lhe discovery of the succession ot caves in this lead since the commencement. The last account we gave of him, about a month ago, he had just entered Cave No. 4 ; he has now made his way 60 feet in No. 5, and masses of Galena are the only hindrance to his further progress. Before the two last caves were discovered, this was considered the greatest lead on record ; and n jw the prospects for the future, seem to bright en, as he advances. “This lead runs about south tliirty-fivedegrees east, commencing about ten miles from Hills borough, the county seat for Jefferson county— being about 55 miles south ol St. Louis. “It is owned by a company of individuals, be sides Mr. Hunt, some of whom reside in this city.” Cotton Fire in Georgetown, S. C.—The Charleston Courier of Mon lay, says : “We learn from a gentleman who arrived here yesterday morning by the stage from Georgetown, which place he left at 4 o’clock on Saturday afternoon, that a fire had broken out, half an hour before he left, in a large cotton shed, situated on the Bay, to which was attach ed at one end the counting house ot Mr. J. G. Henning, both ol which being owned by him. The shed was f ull of cotton, and was all on fire. Our informant does not know what quantity of cotton there was in the shed, but supposes it must have contained at least 1000 bales. The root of the shed had burnt off, and the counting house was al! on fire before he left. The wind was blowing sirong from the south-east, which he supposed would endanger all the property in the neighborhood.” The same paper says: A sloop, the propet Louis and a flat, laden with loose Colton, saved from the late fire, and belonging to Mr. Michael La zarus, were entirely consumed by fire on Satur day last, about 2 o’clock, P. M. in the creek leading to the old Magazine, where it had been sent for the purpose of re-packing. It is supposed that the fire amongst the Cot ton had not been sufficiently extinguished before being pul on board. This information was brought to town by the crew, all of whom arriv ed here Saturday evening. Fire in Memphis.—Early on the evening ot the 27th ult. a fire broke out in Memphis on Poplar, near the corner of Main street, destroy ing a number of buildings, including the office of the Appeal, from which only a portion of the types was saved. The total loss by the fire is supposed to amount to some SIO,OOO 0r542,000, partly insured. In 1813 upwards of 1,200 houses were erected in Boston, in’44 < ver 1,600, and the number this year is likely to be increased.
