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About Weekly chronicle & sentinel. (Augusta, Ga.) 183?-1864 | View Entire Issue (March 20, 1845)
rH O hTrwwi SiMlriti H aMBBI/H/K ®IL / 3 ti \xr I il H ML J J 4 N>IL ? H IL / w/z J-Z >Blzil li 1 II ffl W IL / OLD SERIES, VOL. LIX. THE CHRONICLE & SENTINEL IB PUBLISHED DAILY, TRt-WEEKLY, AND WEEKLY BY J. W. & W. S. JONES. The Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel IS PUBLISHED AT Three Dollars per annum—or one subscriber two years, or two subscribers one year for 85. Ten subscribers, one year, for 820.00 Tri- Weekly paper, at Five Dollars per annum. Daily paper, at Ten Dollars per annunr. Cash System.—ln no case will an order for the paper be attended to, unless accompanied with the money; and in every instance when the time for which any subscription may be paid, expires before the receipt offttnds to renew the subscrip tion, the paper will be discontinued. Depreciated money received at its value in this city. FRIDAY MORNING, MARCH 14. Tennessee and Coosa Rail Road. In this morning’s paper will be found a com munication from, and an extract from the Re port ot a survey made of this Rail Road by, Wm. Spencer Brown, to which we invite the attention of every reader who feelsan interest inlhe internal improvement system of Georgia. Mr B. enlarges with much truth upon the ad vanteges which must result to our own works, by the completion of the Tennessee and Coosa Rail Road, and we commend his views to the dispassionate consideration of those interested, Mr. Polk ano his Appointments.—ll the half that is told be true, of the scenes. t>»i <twr —-president a riinhe swarm ot hungry office-seek ers that infest Washington City, Mr. Polk will not be likely to give satisfaction to a very large portion of these pocket patriots. Indeed, he seems to be in a dilemma in making his ap pointments from so large a crowd ot faithful patriots and panizans, as the following extract from the correspondence of the Baltimore "Pa- * wilt • trwl will show: “There is a tremendous opposition to Ban croft, in the Senate and out ot it. Mr. McDuf fie made a speech against him, charging him . with radicalism, Dorrism, &c. The New Eng land ‘democracy,'who objected to him at first, now take courage from the hesitation in the Se nate, and are clamorous against him. “ The President already realizes the discom forts of his office in the matter of office beseech ing. He is literally besieged bv a swarm of hungty partizans,.and is beset every moment he will allow them to approach him. He is some times very free in his censure ot those who say they have a ‘ right to be heard;’ and I heard one who thinks himself a great man, say to ano ther of a gang, that he did ‘ not understand this way Mr. Polk had of talking people down.’ ” The Charleston “ Mercury” seems, notwith standing the cold shoulder given by Mr. Polk to the “Southern Wing,” to sympathise with the President in his dilemma, and alludes to his un pleasant position thus: “ The Army of Patriots.—lt gives us pleasure to approve at least the temporary firmness of the new President in driving back the swarm of hungry office-seekers who are besetting his door, like so many beggars, for the crumbs that fall from the Presidential table. What a com mentary is not the Democracy affiirdiiig- upon" Mr. Calhoun’s doctrine cohe sive power the 1 public plunder. What a more than Herculean task will not Mr. P. have ly-drive them back and check their haste after the spoils! Poor fellow ! Who doesnot pity him? How long will his true hickory stiffness resist the press of starveling supporters? Let us see. His present position is that of a kero as well as of a patriot —and most able may he he maintained in it by the wise and good of all parties.” This is certainly not very complimentary to this “ Democratic Army," but as it comes from one of their own organs, and who from his as sociations may be supposed to be familiar with their peculiar penchant for the "public plunder," will not yainsnr i|s truth xtr. ViiftiNiA.—Thecanvass in the “Old Dornin ion” for members of Congress, has already com menced, and promises to be prosecuted in most of the districts with zeal and energy. ez. Agriculture in Mississippi.—The Vicks burg “ Constitutionalist" of the Ist inst. says: — Many of our active, industrious Planters, have their entire crops ol Indian corn planted; some » of them have it already three or four inches above the ground. Many fields are being pre \ pared for cotton, potatoes, &c.—and a grand ) struggle will be made for Southern Indepen dence! The planters are intelligent and alive ■ to their interest—they are industrious and cou ragous, and can triumph over difficulties that wou’d prostrate thousands in other lands. The crop of cotton will be materially lessen ed in this State—stock will receive much more attention—a greatmany sheep will be added to the number already here—tobacco will be culti vated, and much agricultural capital will be in vested in cotton and woollen Factories. Every yard of bagging and every pound ol rope, should be made in the State of the poorer cotton, to cove' and bind every bale that may be made for exportation. All the negro clothing should be inaderftTlhe State ; all this can be done, and -■ - with less expense than purchasing Iroin abroad. Do this in all the Southern country, and there’ll be no more eurses on the “ black Tariff.” We can manufacture the coarser cotton and woollen fabrics Acre in the South, where the raw material is grown, as cheaply as it can be done any where! and wc mustdo it!—the agricultural in terests require it. Missouri The legislative correspondent of lhe St. Louis Republican, represents the finan ces of that State as being in an unprosperous condition. The payment of the ordinary ex penses of the State, in consequence of the pro tracted session of the Legislature, will consume, he says, the whole amount ol receipts to be ex pected during the year, and that the interest on the State debt will thus remain unpaid, unless additional taxes are imposed. —-***- FoufuNATE.—The St. Louis New Era states' that a German farmer, named George J. Gey er, in Lewiston, Fulcon county, 111, is about leaving for Europe to take possession of pro perty to the amount of $2,600,006, to which he has just become entitled by the decision of a law suit pending for some 30 years, in which his wife was one of the heirs. He was informed of the result by a letter from the Rothschilds. He came to this country 15 yearsol age. The formal resignation of the Hon. James Buchanan, U. S. Senator from Pennsylvania, has been laid before the Legislature of that State. The House ot Representatives has fixed on Thursday (yesterday) for filling Che vacancy. The Senate will probably concur. Another Alarm of Fire.—The Charleston Courier of yesterday says:—A little after 8 o'clock last evening, the City Watch observed smoke issuing from a pile of cotton, on Van ■derhorst's whart, and on giving the alarm a few ■ bales were turned off ihe pile, when the flames burst out. Assistance being at hand, the bales that were ignited were thrown overboard, and the progress of the fire thus arrested. The fire companies were promptly on the alert, ready to do good service, should circumstances require 1 it, but the activity and energy ol the crewsol the ■a vessels in lhe immediate vicinity, prevented the extension ol the conflagration. It is stated that there were about 50 bales in the lot, ready for shipment, about 10 of which, it is believed, were thrown into the dock. Pknnsvi.vania goino ahead.—kis stated in the Danville, Pa., Democrat, that three new furnaces will soon be erected in Bloom town p ship, and that the Montour Iron Company o Danville will add another furnace to theirwork ■during the approachingsummer. In January ensuing there will be, therefore, eleven anthra cite furnaces in blast in Columbia county, Penn sylvania, capable of turning out, on an average about 600 tons of iron per week. Tennessee and Coosa Rail Road, r Rome, March 5, 1845. To the Editor of the Chronicle and Sentinel: Mr. Editor:—As the action of the last Ala | bama Legislature upon the appropriation of the 2 per cent, fund has been very generally no , ticed in the public prints of this Slate, I deem it proper to correct an error into which all seem i to have fallen in regard to the amount of the fund. There is now upon special deposit in the Bank of the State of Alabama about 8820,000, and it is supposed that the balance yet in the Land offices, and also that which will accrue from future sales of land, will inctease the fund to $240,000. This will give to each of the Rail Roads, the Tennessee and Coosa, and Montgomery and West Point, $120,000 instead of $60,000, as I observe has been generally stated. Both of these works bear an impor tant relation to the internal improvement sys tem of Georgia, and it is believed that the loan of this fund, although burthened with'ungene rous restrictions, will go very far towards en suring their construction. I send you an extract from my report of a sur vey of the 'Tennessee and Coosa Rail Road, which will convey to those interested in such subjects the precise idea of its location and its connection with the Georgia Rail Roads. The increasing favor with which the mass of the people are beginning to look upon internal im provements should be a source of great gratifi cation to their ardent sujjjwjlers—xithose ohfot "lear how should be, lest, forgetting the errors of the past, they enter again upon a career of ex travagance which has come well nigh adding Georgia to Hie list of defaulting States. Yours, &c., WM. S. BROWN, Civil Engineer. EXTRACT FROM THE REPORT OF SURVEY. Viewed as a link connecting the southeast ern Sea-coast with the Mississippi river, the Tennessee and Coosa Rail Road has perhaps attracted the most attention. If one will lay before him a map ot the Southern States, and draw a straight line from Charleston, S. C., to Memphis, Tenn., he will perceive that the line of Rail Roads commencing at Charleston, and passing through Augusta, Greensboro, Madi son, Covington, and Rome, Ga., does not deviate from it at any point in a material degree. He will also perceive that the same line strikes the Tennessee at Gunter’s Landing, and follows its course to Decatur; thence passing along the line of the Decatur and Tuscumbia Rail Road to Tuscumbia, it continues across to the line of the Lagrange and Memphis Rail Road, and strikes the Mississippi river at Memphis. The Coosa river, running in a southwesterly direc tion, deviates gradually from this line as far as the mouth of Will’s Creek, where it takes an almost south course to Wetumpka. At this point, also, it approaches within 30 miles of the Tennessee river at Gunter’s Landing. A Rail Road between these two points will be the near est, and the only possible Road, to connect the rivers, because the Lookout Mountain, crossing the straight line about halfway between Gun ter’s Landing and Rome, rmis-fto'wn within a few hundred river at the mouth of yvjjl’n-tffeek, and presents an insur- Either a continuous Rail from Gunter’s L inding to Rome, or a mixed line of river and Rail Road, must neces sarily mak J an angle at this point. Neverthe less, the route from Charleston to Memphis is unexampled for general directness, and cheap cost of construction. The importance of this line of internal improvement has for many years been appreciated in the Southern States, but the public mind has been distracted by so many different projects, that confidence in the ultimate success ot any has been impaired.— The certainty however of the completion of the Georgia Rail Roads to Rome by the close of the year 1845, and the favorable character of the route between the Tennessee and Coosa rivers, gives good ground to believe that in a short period all doubts wiil be dissipated. A connec tion between the Southeastern sea coast and the Mississippi river, upon the line above in dicated, will accomplish all that was ever (Jharlestoß, ami TBincinnalf Raft Road, or a Rail Road to the Cumberland river. Had the time, talent, energy, and means which have been wasted in the attempt to carry out these almost impracticable schemes, been con centrated upon an effort to connect Charleston with Memphis, the whole design might by this time have been accomplished. It is scarcely an exaggeration to say that the money already expended in South Carolina, and Georgia, would have sufficed for this purpose. The great mistake I conceive to have been the at tempt to make the connection with the western walers too far north. Any route north of a direct line from Charleston to Memphis must cross a succession of mountain ranges of the most formidable character. The advantage ol a more northern terminus would not compen sate fortbegreat expense which such obstacles interpose. Indeed, 1 think it can easily be de monstrated, that such a terminus is not in any respect the true policy of the South. At Cin cinnati or any neighboring point upon the Ohio river, it would come in direct competition with all the Rail Roads andcanals to the Northern •cities. The attempt to change the course of trade, (with no advantage in distance or market in our favor,) of a people associated, as are the inhabitants ol the States bordering on the Ohio river, with those of the northern States, by con sanguinity, similarity of pursuits, habits and prejudices, would be of doubtful success, lea ving out of consideration the capital, rance, and skill, already employed in the direc tion ot those lines. By a connection with Memphis the reverse of this becomes true. — The inhabitants ot Tennessee, Alabama, Mis sissippi, Arkansas, and in fact the whole belt of country between the 33d and 361 h parallels of latitude, would prefer the markets of Southern cities il they could obtain access to them. This route will be their quickest and cheapest outlet, and whether their object is the Charleston and Savannah market, or those of the northern cities, this is the direction their travel, mer chandize and produce will take. Thus ensur ing to it the transportation of a country rich enough for its support. The fact that the Geor gia Rail Road, although extended only 250 miles from the sea-board, now attracts trade west of the Cumberland mountain, is proof sufficient that when the road is completed it will control exclusively the whole region of the Tennessee valley. Admitted as this must be by all that wiil examine the location of the Southern route, I do not think it necessary to enter into a labored argument to prove that the Coosa and Tennessee Rail Road will be ati investment that will yield a good interest to stockholders. Assured of the travel, transpor tation ot produce, and merchandise ot North Alabama, and the adjoining counties ot Ten .Jiessee and'MiSsissippi, alone, this is Hilly guar anteed? But without exaggerationTNttend our calcula tions over a much larger scsme ot country. Turnpikes, either finished or in progress ol con struction, from Ditto’s Landing via. Huntsville and Nashville to the Ohio river, will afford a cheap and easy outlet to the produce with which the rich country and iMiddle Tennessee and Kentucky is literally overburthened. 'By the Tennessee river, West Tennessee, the lower counties ot Illinois, Indiana and Missouri, would be opened to a Southern market, which they could reach by a short and expeditious route, and one open at all seasons of the year. The dis tance from the mouth ot the Ohio to Charles ton, or Savannah, or Mobile, is shorter by over 500 miles than the nearest route to New York, and the Southern route has besides the great and para mount advantage of freedom from obstructions by ice in winter. It is difficult to conceive any reason why it should not receive a large share of the transportation to, and from, the north western States. To my mind it is clear and in disputable, that it will be the quickest, cheapest and most certain channel of cc inmumcation be tween the sea board and the Mississippi river, whether we rely upon the Tennessee river below or look lorward to a direct connection with Memphis. We may well be satisfied, however, with attracting over our road a small fraction of this transportation, abundant as it will be, with the trade which exclusively belongs to it, to yield a profit amply remunerating, and re warding ourenierprise. Regarded as a South ern improvement, it should excite the attention of all interested in the welfare ot this section of the Republic, and jealous of the perpetuity ot its peculiar institutions. As a bond of Union be tween the Southern states, none more sure can be devised; and, as such, it has ever been a favorite measure with leading and distinguished politi cians of the South. So little yet remains to be done to secure all these advantages, that I eannot permit myself to doubt that the citizens of Ala bama will relax any effort to secure the link that it devolves upon them to construct. The States ot Georgia and South Carolina have completed GUI miles, and are engaged in constructing 170 ; more, to connect Charleston and Savannah with the Tennessee river, at an expense little if any ' short of $15,000,000. The construction of this ' short line ol 40 miles, from the Coosa to the . Tennessee river, necessary to complete the svs tem, costing only the moderate sum of $300,- 000, will not, certainly, be >ong delayed. ’> 1 should fail to lay this subject fully before you, if I lost sight of the fact, that the Western and Atlantic Rail Road of Georgia, was de signed to connect with the Tennessee river at Chattanooga, and wuuld, in the event ot its completion, contend tor the trade of the Ten ■ nessee valley. There has been a suspension of [ work upon this road above the proposed junc tion of the Hiwassee Rail Road, caused by the conviction which a majority of the citizens ot Georgia now entertain, that the location was ill advised, and its f urther prosecution of question able expediency. There can be no doubt that •f the inionnation this report contains relative to the practicability ot a direct road to Gunter’s Landing had been before the Legislature of Georgia when the question was first agitated, that their terminus would have been located at this point. As it is, however, it becomes a pro per subject of inquiry, whether the completion of the Western & Atlantic Rail-toad will subtract any thing from the value of the Tennessee and Coosa. The two routes diverge near Cassville, Ga., and come together again at Gunter’s Land ing. Via. Chattanooga, it is 84J miles by Rail Road, and 130 by river. Via. Rome, and the mouth of Wills’Creek, it is 57} miles by Rail Road, and 100 miles by.river. Difference in fa vor of the direct route 56} miles. Diffe rence in cost in favor of the same aboutSsoo,ooo. The route via. the Coosa river will be con stantly open, and subject to no causes of deten tion whatever. That via. Chattanooga will be obstructed for at least 3 months in the vear by the shoal and rapid water just below this point kno n as the Suck, Pot, Skillet, Frying Pan, &c.wlt will thus be perceived that distance, cost of construction, and character of route, are all in favor of the Tennessee and Coosa Rail Road; and there cannot be the least doubt that it will secure all the travel, and much the largest share of the transportation. As a route“tor navel.l_do not think the road )Wi!Wßta«M6wPßsW* offers an}’ compctiton whatever” n may be pos sible that the transhipments upon the CooO river might divert from it some orfTie trade de signed for the Tennessee valley, but travellers who will submit to no delay, will, invariably take the nearest and direct route. The deten tion-at the Suck in the upward passage is often 12 hours, a circumstance, apart from 56} miles extra distance, that will effectually divert travel from the river. The stage coach distance from Gunter’s Landing is only 100 miles to the near est point on the Georgia Road, and by this con veyance, even travellers could beset down there in advance of the cars from Chattanooga.— These facts are everyday becoming more clear to the people of Georgia, and will delay the re sumption of work upon the northern end ot their State road, if it does not cause its abandonment altogether. Another consideration in favor of the Ten- nessee and Coosa Railroad location, is the lact, thatshould thereeverbean accumulation oltrade upon the Tennessee and Coosa rivers, beyond their capacity to transport, cheap rail roads can be substituted lorthetn. A railroad from Rome to the mouth ol Will’s creek, could be located upon very favorable ground, wilhin a distance ol 60 miles, and by crossing the Tennessee river at Gunter’s Landing, a route can be obtained down the Tennessee valley of remarkably easy graduation, in a distance not exceedingso miles to Decatur. A railroad from Nashville to con nect with the Georgia improvement.,, has at limes been spoken 01. The best location lor this project would be upon a route west of the Cumberland mountains, either to Ditto’s Land ing, or down the valley of Flint river direct to Gunter’s Landing. The terminus ofthe West ern and Atlantic Rail Road at Chattanooga is unfortunately east of all the great mountain ranges dividing East from Middle Tennessee, thus precluding the possibility of constructing a rail road from that point to Nashville, without a resort to high grades, (pcobably stationary power) and an expense incommensurate with any-benefits to be derived. Late from Mexico. By the arrival at a late hour last night ot the brig Leopold O’Donnell, Capt. Davis, we have Vera Cruz dales up to the Ist inst. The National Congress were occupied with the discussion of the new Constitution, which very nearly resembles that ofthe United Stales. The principal sections have already been adopt ed. Santa Ana was still in prison at Perote, so that the news by the way of Catnpeachy, that he had been taken to the city of Mexico, turns out to be incorrect, and the general opinion is that he will neither be put to death nor banished, but will be imprisoned for the remainder of his lite. Gomez Farias left Vera Cruz on the 25th.ult. will take an active part in the r.ew government. Generals Bassedre andCanalizo, Santa Ana’s principal minions, have been removed to the fortress ofChapultepec. 1 n El Siglo Diez y Nucvc of the 20th ult. we see it stated that many persons connected with the army have received orders to march to dil lerent points oi the Republic. The Texas question is still agitated in many ofthe Mexican papers, the editors appearing to oppose the right of the United States to annex that country as strongly as ever. It now re mains to be seen what they will say when the final action ofthe U. S. Senate on the question reaches them. We cannot believe that any other course than loud words and bravado will be resorted to, and to this species of warfare we have long since become us<.i If Mexico can consolidate and keep together her present con federacy, Without looking this side of the Rio Grande, she will do well; for we are inclined to believe that disaffection of a deep rooted na ture exists in some of the Northern departments against the rule of the central portion of the re public, and that influential men are anxiously looking forward for an opportunity to cut loose and establish a separate government north of San Luis. Every thing was quiet in Mexico, at least upon the surface, the papers discussing little else than purely local subjects of trifling inte rest to our readers. The leading editors appear to be anxious for the interests ol the cotton manufacturers, and warmly recommend that the duties on the raw material may be lessened to a degreethat will advance that branch of the na tional industry. In a single number of El Siglo we see a solid article of eight long columns in lavorofthe liberty of the press, the editor handling the sub ject with great ability. Hehas always been a liberalist, and opposed to the tyranieal censor ship instituted by Santa Ana. We do not see a line in our Mexican ex changes in relation to the trial of Santa Ana.— It has been stated that the Grand Jury forthat purpose was to convene on the 24th ult., but if any progress has been made the proceedings do not appear in any of the papers. If the Mexi cans allow the tyrant his liberty they will have more trouble with him than ever, or we are much mistaken. Reception of Mr. Calhoun.—The Charles tonians have held a meeting to make arrange ments to give Mr. Calhoun a public reception on his arrival, as the guest of the city. The city of Nauvoo, it is said, will not give up its charter, notwithstanding the legislative aet of its repeal. Recently, the municipal elec tion came off as usual, when all the officers of the city were duly elected, and the whole sys tem of government is enforced as heretofore. — The leading Mormons say that the Legislature had no power to repeal their charter; that it is not repealed; and that they will pay no atten tion to the repeal law. Mr. Polk and the Empire Club. —If there be any truth in the following note, which we the “ National Intelligencer,” Mr. Polk does not deserve the credit awarded him by “ Oliver Oldschool,” for his conduct in reference to the Empire Club.’/ Washington, March 10, 1845. To the Editors of the Intelligencer: I notice an artice in your paper this day, in which it is stated that the Empire Club sent a deputation to President Polk to ascertain at what time he wquld be willing to receive them as a Club,and that the President replied,“ Nev er as a Club, bdt at any time as citizens.” That statement is untrue Irom beginning to end. We did not send a Reputation from the Club tomake inquiries about\a reception: wecalledupon the President in a bipdy at 8 o’clock in the evening, were kindly received, and invited into the recep tion room. Wei marched in with our music playing and banners flying- we were greeted with a cordial welcome from the President and other distinguished gentlemen who were pre sent, and who cat) bear witness to what 1 have stated. Youns, &c. ISAIAH RYNDERS, president of the Empire Club. Rapid News.—*The Baltimore American of Friday morning (Circulated in Baltimore at 7 A. M.) was placed on our table this morning at 9 A. M., three days nnd two hours from Baltimore! What do you say tS that 1 Thatisnotall. The vote on the Texastaueslion was taken on Thurs day night, at half fast eight; was transmitted to Baltimore (forty!miles) by the Electro-Mag netic Telegraph; pointed that night inlheAme rican, sent off at 72 A. M. by the Cumberland Rail Road, arrived\at Cumberland, foot of the Alleghany, (177 miles) al 7 P. M., was received in Wheeling 130 nJiles by stages midnight ot Saturday, and arrived in Cincinnati early on Monday. This is all done without any express lines. Times are — Cinn. Chronicle, March 3. / AUGUSTA, GA., THURSDAY fTpRNING, MARCH 20, 1845. SATURDAY MORNING, MARCH 15. l ’ ’ The Great Race.—Peytona with four others of Mr. Kirkham’s stable, all in fine condition, arrived in this city yesterday evening, and will leave this morning, via. the Rail Road, for Charleston, under the charge ol Van Leer, on their way to Petersburg, where Peytona will go into training for the great match race with Fashion in May next. Trial of McCurry.—The trial ot this indi vidual tor the murder of Paul Roux, some time since, was progressing in the Baltimore City Court at our latest dates. The Jury had been empannelled, and the evidence closed, when the Court adjourned for the day. Pensions.—An act passed on the 20th of February by Congress appropriates, for the year ending 30th June, 1846, tor revolutionary pensioners under Act of 18th March, 1818, $186,£00; invalid pensions, $184,800; widows and orphans, under act of July 4,1836,3220,500; widows and orphans under Act of 7th July, 1838, and supplementary Act,$180,000; widows under Act 3d March, 1843, $80,000; widows under Act of 17th June, 1844, $1,096,000; halfpay pensions to widows and orphans, $1,500; ar rearages, $1,000; deficiencies of past appropri ations, $305,000-—total, 32,254,000. . Rawid bailing.—The brig Mfitrasj-wTHCn Br-~ rived li ua made the run from Havana to the mouth of the Chesapeake in six days. The ship Saratoga, at New-York last week, made the run from New-Orleans in the very short time ot ten days. New-York Bible Society.—This excellent institution during the past year distributed more than nineteen thousand volumes, in the follow ing languages, viz. English, French, German, Polish, Swedish, Italian, Danish, Portuguese, Welch, Dutch, Greek, Irish, Hawaian, Rus sian, Arabic, Hebrew and Latin. Jj-The total revenue of the province ofCan ada, for the past year, is stated at .£631,288; the expenditure at £448,091, leaving abalance in the Treasurj of £183,197. Georgia IronWare.—The Macon Telegraph ot the 11th inst. says: “In passing the store ol Messrs. Charles Campbell & Co., a day or tw o since, we observed a number of wagons unload ing cast iron ware,pofs-aiKi'oi.’her kitchen utensils. The circumstance of such articles entering town by wagons, induced us to inquire where they came from. We learned they were man u lactu red by Messrs. Moses & Jacob Stroup, in Cass county, twelve miles from Cassville, and tour miles from the Western and Atlantic Rail Road. “The Messrs. Stroup have only one furnace in operation at this time, but have another near ly ready for business. The number of persons engaged at this factory, including the families of the operatives, is 150. “ When the entire chain of Rail Road through Georgia is completed, and the mineral resources of the Cherokee region fully developed, together with her quarries, the produce of her farms in flour, bacon, mules, and horses, &c., added to the great staples of the other sections, we shall have a State where a man can live pretty com fortably, without troubling other people for their ‘notions.’ ” Funds of the Propaganda.—The Paris journals state that the recepls of the Society, instituted at Lyons, for the propagation of the Catholic faith, amounted in 1844 to 3,562,088 francs. Catholics in "Great Britain.—lt appears from the Roman-Catholic Directory for 1845, that the Catholics have 509 churches and chapels in England and Wales, and 73 in Scotland; ten colleges in England and one in Scotland, 30 convents and three monasteries in England, and one convent in Scotland; 666 missionary priests in England and Wales, and 91 in Scotland. Success or a Yankee Boy.— Mr. Coleman, the inventor ol the Piano attachment, which has attracted the admiration of the musical world, is among us, having returned in the Hibernia The New Bedford Bulletin states that he has disposed of bis entire right in the invention in Europe for six hundred thousand dollars, cash down. Before leaving this country he had sold the right for Massachusetts for ten thousand dol lars, and for New York for one hundred thou sand. He has thus received seven hundred and ten thousand dollars—a pretty fair sum for a Yankee not yet 30 years old. Mr. C. has a handsome estate in Saratoga, where he resides- It is generally known that the city of Wash ington has been filled with office-seekers since Mr. Polk’s arrival there. Some idea may be inferred of the extent of the swarm and of their inosant importunities for office, from the fact that the publication of a “gentle hint,” like that which we subjoin from the Constitutionalist, has been deemed necessary: Applications for Office.—We stated some days ago that annoying importunity by applicants lor office would not increase, but, on the contrary, would materially lessen, their chances of success. It is said that the President has declared, with that firmness which is a part of his character, that those who have preferred their requests and are found here afler to-day pressing their claims, will not receive his favor able consideration. When his cabinet has been fully organized, and the line of policy in regard to removals and appointments adopted, then the applications will be taken up and considered, and decided upon according to their merits. This, we are assured, will be the probable course of things. Thq correspondent of the Baltimore Patriot says Mr. Polk has not yet withdrawn the nomi nations made by Mr. Tyler, and which were left unacted upon. It has got out that he does not do so, because he wants the Senate to confirm his brother, (Wm. P. Polk,) who was nomina ted by Mr. Tyler for the Charge to Naples, and until that is done, he hesitates to withdraw the others. The hint was given to the Senate yes terday, but they did not take it. A Victim to Science.—A late Liverpool paper contains the following laughable account of the result of a recent experiment, made by a loafer, to ascertain the relative strength of differ ent kinds of liquor. The loafer’s name, be it understood, was George Cuthbert, and he was found drunk in the street by a policeman and in terrogated as to his sailing:— “I am a victim to science,” answered George, whose answer was delayed by an obstinate hic cough, “but I have at last found it.” “Found what'!” demanded the officer. “Silence! I will tell you. Do you know— and if you do not, you ought to —that during several years I have sought to prove the com parative strength of alcoholic liquids, and that I have just ascertained that whiskey is decidedly the most potent. For instance, and to prove it; I took three glasses of brandy, no effect; three of gin, ditto; three of whiskey, and the result was obtained. lam as you find me. My grand mother often told me that I should fall a victim • -^^‘appetite—to science ” . j.-fery well,” said the constable, “come with you shall finish your researches with the gentlemen ot the watch-house.” Correspondence of the Phila. North American. New York, March 9, P. M. The Anti-Rent troubles have broken out again at Kingston. A man in the employ of R. L. Livingston, was last week tarred and fea thered for doing his duty. This new outbreak will bring matters to a point, as Mr. L. has determined to collect at once, with all the rigor ot law, every cent due on his share of the estate, being fully satisfied that further compassion is useless. Quite an amount of specie has gone from this port the past week, in all $90,000 over the imports, which were $30,000. The news via Philadelphia in relation to the sugar and molasses crop ot Cuba confirms the advices previously received here, and holdeis are firm at advanced rates. All the New Or leans arriving yesterday was sold previously, ; as is all that is in this way. The buyers are chiefly grocers tor the spring trade, which is ’ I under full way. From the CourWfi- Enquirer. l,a terfrefefca ntoti. The ship Houqua, Cipt. Palmer, arrived last evening from Canufl (‘/having left that port on the 7th of Dec. Shgupbrought us ourfiles nearly up to her day of Baling, giving us thus intelligence seventeen git later than had been before received. She brings, however, very lit tle news ol importance.' - Dates from Chusan totbe 15th had been re ceived. H. M. ship Iris fed not arrived from Hongkong. A Chinese junk was recently seized at Chuck chee, with a crew oftwtlffl men, who had visit ed the island for the osaMnle purpose of regis tering the fishing boatsanwranting registration tickets from the magistracy of San-on in China. The object of detainingtbem was to ascertain whether they had not. An English gentlemaihad been imprisoned by the Spanish authoritijijh Manilla for kick ing a person out of his Ijn-'tse, who had came thither to a private party raft vi ted. The Hongkong GazeteStaplainsgreatly of the incivility of under oft.ers of the govern ment and especially of this Land Surveyor. It seems that a private ho®s£ had complained of the authorities lor remoying earth from their land. The Surveyor in list eply simply refer red the owners to their I&tc. for proof that he was not required to applyJ&jjitm for leave. The entire amount of goods imported under the British flag into Hi port of Shanghai from April 1 to June 30,A’ valued at $382,- 321: the amount of expuij iu>r the same time was $121,808. Os cotton Mads 51,838 pieces were mt ported. ... Hong Kong the treaty. Woollens near ly 100 per cent. The shipitrra’ U tea to Eng land and her colonies for t'g.s.u months was 29,134,400 lbs. The export i silk was small. The value ot imports for'’Ku year, including opium, was estimated at $w,490,000; that of exports, including treasure fos&pium, $39,400,- 000. The Hong Kong Gazette, SS Eluding to the American treaty with China, sajs : “By the way, our America# friends were determined not to lose any thing from an over degree of delicacy in asking. They have veri fied the old proverb of ‘strive fa a silk gown and you will get a sleeve.’ Bat as we share the sleeve with them of course we must not complain.” The Pekin Gazette states that the Emperor has remitted the taxes in those districts where, from the shortness of the crops, he could not collect them. The deficit in th# revenue tor the year is very large; resistance ti> the tax gather ers has been openly displayed |i some districts, and many Mandarins, having pjoved defaulters, have been put in prison. Greatdamage by rain has been done in sundry parts the Empire. The insurrection in the island Formosa was in progress, many of the peopfe being still in arms against the Mandarins. to Keying has forwarded a singular memorial to the Throne, giving an account:of his negotia tion ot a treaty with the “Barbarian Envoy,” Cushing. He speaks of many demands which Mr. C. made and which were rejected, some of them being 1 difficult ot exectitiqc, others foolish demands, the tenor of others being meanly and coarsely expressed.’ He speak, of the ‘stupid ignorance’of the Envoy, &c. The document is tong and unimportant, but curious. The Senate Committees.s The Senate having found it accessary to ap point some committees at this Extra Session, ordered the appointment of all its standing com mittees. Supposing that our readers would like to see how they are constituted, we have sub joined them: In Executive Session, March 10, 1845. Ordered, That the injunction of secrecy be removed from the appointment of the Commit tees, and that they be printed for the use of the Senate. STANDING COMMITTEES. Ou Foreign Relations.— Messrs. Allen, chair man, Cass, Archer, Atherton, and Huger. On Finance.— Messrs. Woodbury, McDuffie, Benton, Evans, and Phelps. On Commerce.— Messrs. Haywood, Dix, Huntington, Johnson, of Maryland, and Sevier. On Manufactures.— Messrs. Dickinson, Stur geon, Simmons, Semple, and Speight. On Agriculture. — Messrs. Sturgeon, Semple, Uoham. Bates, and Barrow. . . Ten Benton, mm- negan, Crittenden, Dix, and Phelps, On Militia.— Messrs. Atchison, Semple, Bar row, Fairfield, and Corwin. On Naval Affairs. — Messrs. Fairfield, Col quitt, McDuffie, John M. Clayton, and Dickin son. On Public Lands.— Messrs. Breese, Speight, Ashley, Woodbridge, and Jarnagiri. On Private Land Claims.— Messrs. Hanne gan, Semple, Johnson, of Louisiana, Dayton, Thomas Clayton. On Indian Affairs.— Messrs. Sevier, Bagby, Phelps, Morehead, and Atchison. On Claims.— Messrs. Bagby, Mangum, John M. Clayton, Semple, and Dickinson. On Revolutionary Claims.— Messrs. Semple, Jarnagin, Greene, Hannegan, and Colquitt. On the Judiciary.— Messrs. Ashley, Huger, Webster, Berrien, and Breese. On the Post Office and Post Roads.— Messrs. Niles, Sturgeon, Simmons, Semple, and John sen of Louisiana. On Roads and Canals.— Messrs. Atherton, Lewis, Corwin, Sturgeon and Woodbridge. On Pensions.— Messrs. Dix, Bates, Miller, Ashley, and Atchison. On the District of Columbia.— Messrs. Col quitt, Sevier, Johnson of Maryland, Miller and Woodbury. On Patents and the Patent Office. — Messrs. Woodbridge, Hannegan, Sturgeon, Speight, and Lewis. On Retrenchment.— Messrs.Lewis, Morehead, Atherton, Dayton, and Dickinson. On Territories.— Messrs. Bagby, Allen, Lewis, Evans, and John M. Clayton. On Public Buildings. —Messrs. Dayton, Sim mons, and Bates. To audit and control the Contingent Expenses ofthe Senate.— Messis. Niles, Breese, and Cor win. On Printing.— Messrs. Atherton, Simmons, and Semple. On Engrossed Bills.— Messrs. Speight, Greene, and Jarnagin. Collector of New York.—The Democrat ic General Committee, at a meeting held at Tammany Hall on Friday evening, among other resolutions passed the following, which was or dered to be published and transmitted to the Pre sident ot the United States. Resolved, That the General Committee take this occasion to express it as their mature and deliberate opinion, that the prompt removal of C.i’. Van Ness and the appointment of Elijah F. Purdy to the office of Collector of the Port, would be in the highest degree acceptable to the Democratic party. From the N. O. Picayune. Inroads of the Camanches— Capture of two Mexican Girls.— An intelligent gentleman, who left Chihuahua some six weeks or two months since, gives us interesting and startling intelli gence in relation to the inroads recently made by the dreaded Camanckls into the States of Chihuahua and DurangA and of the ravages they have committed durmg these predatory in cursions. Thousands and thousands of horses and cattle have been driven off, women and children have been led into captivity, and ran chos and haciendas innumerable have been made desolate; nor is there force enough to make headway against and rid the country success fully ot the invaders. When repulsed in one place they appear in another, and commence anew their depredations and atrocities. It is suspected, and with good show of reason, that a number ot half-breed Cherokee renegades are among the Camanches, instigating them to these deeds and perhaps leading them on to their commission. On one occasion, a party num bering over one hundred attacked five wagons on their way from Chihuahua to some other point, bent upon capturing and plundering their con tents. A number of Americans were along with the wagons; and determined to resist to the last, they disposed of themselves in the most advan tageous position and commenced a fire upon their assailants in good earnest. It was while they were choosing their position that a voice from the Indians was heard shouting in excellent English, “Thai’s right—huddle together, d—n ye.” The wagoners finally made out to beat off their assailants, and they were positive that Cherokees were among the Indians. Many of the Mexicans assert that the Camanches, from the daring and systematic mode of their attacks, are led by Americans; but this is flatly denied by all the natives of the United States, who know that the Cherokees or some of our West ern Indians are leagued with their more savage brethren of the prairies. To show the daring of the Indians, and the extent to which they go in their maraudings, a party of some two hundred and fifty recently dashed boldly intoCuencame, a town of several thousand inhabitants near the southern line of the State of Durango, and carried off a large number of valuable horses, besides many pri soners—the panic-stricken inhabitants hardly making a show ot resistance. Among the pri soners were two young, pretty, and well-in formed girls, the daughters of a wealthy Spanish merchant of the place. The girls were at a small country seat of their father’s near the edge of the town, were among the first taken, and were carried off by their captors to the North. Their half-frantic parent offered a heavy amount for their ransom or recapture, but all his efforts had been ineffectual up to last accounts. We recollect these girls well, having spent the better part ot two days at their father’s house while on the march frojn Santa Fe to Mexico. The hos pitality of the parent and the graceful deport ment of his kind-hearted daughters have not yet been forgotten, and it is melancholy to reflect that such a cruel fate has befallen them. The Outbreaks in New York.—The Al bany Argus publishes a letter from Major Ge neral J. S. Smith, dated Kingston, March 7lh,■ by which it appears that the tenants on the es tate of R. L. Livingston, in Ulster county, are in rebellion. On Friday, a Mr. Lasher, was sent to remove a quantity of timber, which had been felled by some trespassers on the pa tent. Fifteen or sixteen men, “disguised as Indians,” surrounded him, and after a severe struggle, in which he resisted manfully, he was overpowered, and as usual received a coat of tar and feathers. They then threw him from a rock ten feet high, but Lasher, like a good fellow, seized two of his savage assailants and carried them with him down the precipice; and their masks being displaced by the fall be was ena bled to recognize them both. He finally es caped, badly hurt, and the two scoundrels re cognized were afterwards arrested, but by some miserable negligence were permitted to escape. Dorrism in Washington.—The Dorrites are very much disappointed at the fate of Mr. Burke's resolutions in the House of Represen tatives. eS ‘ ns l>?rjU ' the resolutions cSuld not pass, and that they were not pressed to a vote for this reason. The Southern Locofocos would not record their names in favor ot such doctrines unless there was something to gain by it. They are willing to perpetrate any outrage for a proper considera tion. “The Chivalry” is always in the market, but it always demands a full equivalent for its free lances—and really, the Rhode Island Dorr ites were not worth the sacrifice. So the cold shoulder was turned to the soverizmity, heroes, martyrs, and all.— Providence Journal. “Keep it before the Nation!”—The Leg islature of Rhode Island, at its January session, 1845, "voted and resolved that Thomas W. Dorr be liberated from his confinement in the Stale Prison, upon his taking an oath to bear true faith and allegiance to the State, to support the Con stitution and lawsof this State and of the United Slates." No other conditions are required, and yet the fellow remains in confinement in the vain hope of making political capital for his parly, and for himself to be placed in the attitude of a Locofoco martyr! He has tried this with Con gress and with Mr. Polk, and received the cold shoulder. If Dorr has a particle of sense left, he will take the oath, throw eff his uniform, put on a clean shirt, come out and conduct himself with decency. George Guess.—At the instance of P. M. Butler, Esq., Cherokee agent, the Secretary of War has allowed S2OO tor the purpose of bring ing home and restoring tohiseountry and tamily George Guess, the inventor ofthe Cherokee al phabet. The “Golden Victory.”—At a meeting held on the 17th ultimo in Culpepper county, (Va.) the following/resolutions among others were adopted .- “Resolved, That William Smith, Esq., late our faithful Representative in Congress, has been, and is now, in our opinion, one of the ablest and most efficient supporters of the Democratic cause in the State of Virginia. We believe that in 1840 his exertions in the cause ot Democracy saved the Old Dominion from the clutches of Whiggery, while almost every other State quailed beneath its baneful influence. Again, in 1844, he buckled »n his tried armor, glittering and bright as of yore, and nerving his arm for the contest, flew to the rescue ol Democracy, never sheathing his sword until victory had spread its golden wings over our waving banner. "Resolved, That we recommend the said William Smith, Esq. to James K. Polk, Pres ident elect of the United States, as competent to fill, and deserving at his hands, some ap pointment, both lucrative and honorable.” This is what we call “doing it up brown,” very brown, indeed. The figure of “ Victory” and the "golden wings” is exceedingly appro priate, forthe party would not give the snap of their fingers for victory, unless there was some gold” about it. IT mr.-K—a- r l: .ft:. .. r ,—-I. there will be more conventions held in the next six months than forty newspapers could chroni cle.—Petersburg Intellegencer. Important Document.—A gentleman, on Friday, found in the street an important docu ment, beautifully engrossed upon parchment, and bearing upwards of seventy signatures. The document, though important, cannot be called a deed, unless it should be admitted that a will is to be taken for a deed. This is evidently a will, though we think not a testament. It is an authoritative missive from the Democracy ot Philadelphia, to his Excellency, James K. Polk, Presidentofthe United States, calling upon him to remove the officers of Philadelphia who hold under the Federal Government. The owner may obtain the document by calling at this office.— Philadelphia U. S. Gazette. From Fort Wilkins.—The Green Bay Re publican of the 11th ult. says that the express mail from Copper Harbor, Lake Superior, ar rived there the evening before, making the trip from post to post in less than sixteen days The dates are up to the 25th ult. The inmates ofthe Fort are afflicted with a disease, which, in the language of one ofthe officers, “is almost as bad as the cholera.” One man had died, and many other persons were dangerously ill when the ex press left. Among the dangerous were two ot the officers’ ladies, and some of their children. Graceful Compliment.—Washington visit ing a lady in his neighborhood, on leaving the house, a girl was directed to open the door. He turned to the child and said, “I am sorry, my dear, to give you so much trouble.” “I wish, sir,” she replied, “it was to let you in.” The New-York Courier & Enquirer notices a splendid ship, nearly completed in one of the ship yards of that city, called the Henry Clay. She is of fourteen hundred tons measurement, some hundreds, we believe, beyond any other packet ship afloat, sharp built, with a light and gracefully finished stern, and is in every way— in respect to owners, commanders and builders, as well as in her own right—well worthy of the glorious name she bears. Prosperous gales, we say, to her, as to him of whom she is called—in tempest and in calm, in youth and in age, pros perity and a safe harbor to the Henry Clay.— So mote it be.— U. S. Gazette. Mr. Chandler, the accomplished editor oi the Philadelphia U. S. Gazette, speaking of the chap with a ragged coat who attended a (Auaker meeting on the principle, as he stated, that where least was said his coat might stand a chance of being soonest mended, says that the fellow had taken a philosophical and practical view of the subject, as there is nothing so likely to mend bad habits as associating with the Quakers. Removals.—The National Intelligencer of Tuesday, says: “There are many rumors of intended remo vals from office by the new Administration ; but, if any thing like a proscriptive policy is in tended, it is at least slow in showing itself. We incline to think that our new President will not descend quite as low in search of objects of punishment for opinion’s sake as some of his predecessors have done; and we are not with out some hope, indeed, that he will discounte nance and discourage attempts by Democratic General Committees, by Clubs, and that sort of machinery, to dictate to him such appointments as ought ever to be made more with reference to the public interest than to mere demagogue ism and party service. We observe that these cliques and combinations, too often successful under the late Administration, are again at work, in New York and elsewhere, to accom plish their own selfish and interested purposes. Our having opposed the election of Mr. Polk is no reason why we should not earnestly desire that he may prove by his conduct that he is nei ther to be cajoled nor terrified into any course contrary to his own sense of right." On Monday, the 3d inst., the ship Cale donia, Capt. Massecott, from Havre, in coming up the river, under canvass, about eight miles above the head ot the Passes, came in contact with the towboat Giraffe, having two ships and a brig in tow, bound down. The bowsprit and cut-water of the Caledonia were carried away, and also a part of the bulwarks of the ship Ann, Captain Hill, one ot the vessels in tow. We are sorry to say that Capt. Hill was himself in jured Correspondence of the Baltimore Patriot. New York, Wednesday, P. M. The tea sale went off with considerable spirit this morning, and nearly all the black teas sold at advanced prices. Cotton was dull—prices easy. There is no change in the flour market; the demand, in the absence of eastern traders, is limited to the wants ot the city trade. A lot of New Orleans molasses in bbls, brought 30 cents. The market for this article is very firm. There is no alteration whatever in the money market. Exchanges are dull. Stocks rather heavy at the close ot business. MONDAY MORNING, MARCH 17. The New Post Office Law. The general anxiety to see this law will ex cuse us to such of our readers as have previous ly seen it, foi occupying so much of our space this morning with the details ol the bill. It is a law which interests every man who receives a letter or newspaper, or is interested in their trans portation. It is doubtless imperfect in many respects, but is perhaps as good as could be ex pected from the late Congress. Exchange on New York.—We are request ed to state that the Mechanics’ Bank com mences checking on New York this day at Par. Mu. Calhoun in Charleston. —The Hon. John C. Calhoun arrived in Charleston on Sa turday morning, direct from Washington, and was most cordially received by the citizens, who, by previous arrangement, had made him "the guest of the city." He declined, in conse quence of pressing domestic engagements, a public dinner, but dined with the city council, and left for his residence yesterday. Mr. Kirkham’s Stable. We were misinformed as to the departure of tills Stable on Saturday morning—they leave tSft mortting-for Otiartemcn, and will proceed immediately to Petersburg, Va., to go into active training for the great match, “ the North against the South,” for 320,000 a side. The Stable comprises Peytona, Jeanniatteau, Cracovienne, Saartin and Leatuna, all of which appear in fine condition and, high health, and we are pleased to learn from Van Leer, their gentlemanly trainer, thus far give high promise of coming to the post ia proper condition. Locomotives.—The U. S. Gazette says : The account we gave in our commercial de partment on Saturday, of the imports at Trieste, did not include six or eight large locomotives, made in Philadelphia,by Mr. Norris, and shipped to that port forthe great railroad. We may add that twenty-tour of these locomotives have been ordered to be sent to Trieste, about half of which have been already shipped, and the oth ers are being completed; while to several other ports on the western side oi the continent, other engines of the same kind, and from the same manufacturer, have been sent. This is, indeed, a triumph of Philadelphia skill. Success to it, and those who assist in its developement. The extensive Cotton Factory at Hulrnes ville, in Bucks county, Pa., owned by Mrs. An thony Taylor, and occupied by Mr. O. C. Os born, was consumed by fire on Tuesday night. Loss estimated at $25,000; partially insured. The Legislature of Pennsylvania have agreed to elect a U. S. Senator in place of Mr. Buchan an, now Secretary ot State. In the Senate and House eighty-eight different gentlemen have been nominated for the office. Conviction of McCurry.—This person, charged with the murder of Mr. Paul Roux, has been found guilty ol murder in the first degree. Mr. Richardson closed his argument upon the part of the prosecution, at twenty minutes past 3 o’clock yesterday afternoon, when the case was given in charge of the jury. The Court then adjourned until half past 5 o'clock, P. M. when upon its re-opening, the jury came down and rendered their verdict as above stated, alter an absence of two hours and ten minutes. The prisoner was remanded to jail to await his sen tence and the execution ot the law, and the Court adjourned until 10 o’clock this morning. The British Navy, according to the Register, ambra«»« uiuuuixn *seig, besides 202- ettaiiastiips. vessels guns, to say nothing of muskets, sabres, cutlasses, &c. and this number may be indefinitely increased according to exigencies. The Royal service has 186 Admirals, rear-admirals and vice-ad mirals, 718 captains, 1,631 lieutenants, and 30,- 000 sailors. The marine corps numbers 40,- 000. This is the naval arm ofthat power which the '“unterrified democracy” of this country is so uncomfortably anxious to annihilate. Ewn Dr. Duncan, one of the loudest and most con spicuous of these empty-headed brawlers, con fesses that, in comparison with it our naval force is quite inconsiderable. “It is so little,” he says, “ that it could be hid in the British Navy, in all the stillness and secrecy of the heart of a dense and boundless forest. It is so little that you might detach its size from one wing ol the Royal Navy of Great Britain, and Queen Victoria would not know that she had lost a vessel.” Steamboat Sunk.—We regret to learn by a passenger from Mobile, arrived yesterday, that a serious accident occurred some forty miles above that city about two o’clock on Saturday morning. The steamboat Red Rover, Captain Burrell, coming down laden with a heavy load of cotton, came in contact with the steamboat- Ruby, striking the latter abreast of the wheel house, and causing her to sink immediately. The Ruby had a large up freight, together with some ten or twelve thousand dollars in specie on board. The boat and her cargo having sunk in fifty feet water, will be a total loss. The most serious part is the loss of several lives— among them Mr. J. C. Knight, of the late firm of Walker, Knight & Co., of New Orleans and Mobile. — N. O. Tropic. The Anti-Renters in Ulster County, con tinue their outrages, and the “Indians” resist the execution ot civil process as often as the at tempt is made. The Sheriffs officers sent out on Saturday, to serve process, were resisted at all points, and were obliged to return for rein forcements. Accordingly the Sheriff organized a posse of 100 men on the same day. On Mon day, upon the requisition of the Sheriff, 250 muskets and bayonets, with 1500 ball cartridges, were delivered at the State Arsenal at Albany, to Major General Smith, of Kingston, to be used as occasion requires.— N. Y. Cour. Enq. A Man Killed by an Elephant.—We learn by a gentleman who came passenger last evening on the steamer Princess, from Baton Rouge, that the large male elephant of Messrs. Hopkins & Co.’s menagerie, on Saturday morn ing killed the person who had been for some length ot time employed to take charge ot it. It appears that the two elephants and camel had been sent in advance of the other animals, en te ute lor Clinton, the female elephant and ca < el chained together. When about four miles .rom Baton Rouge, the male elephant refused to cross a small bridge, the keeper, who was on foot, procured a horse, (one which the elephant was not accustomed to) for the purpose of dri ving it over, and in attempting to mount, the horse shyed, and threw the man in the road. The elephant immediately rushed upon him, caught him upon its tusks, and threw him forty or fifty feet in the air, which was repeated a great number of times, the tusks frequently pas sing through his body. It then carried the body from the road towards the woods, tossing it in the air at intervals, until it fell between two fal len trees, which saved it from further violence. The infuriated animal then returned to the road, where the female elephant and camel had been chained by another “ keeper,” and rushed upon them, his tusks passing through the camel, knocking down the female and breaking the chain in two. The enraged animal then made off toward the woods, carrying the camel by its trunk, and throwing it at intervals in the air with its tusks. The other portion of the caravan now coming to the bridge, the elephant returned and made de monstrations of an attack upon it, when fire arms were brought into requisition. A number of shots were fired upon it, but without any ef fect. Word was then sent to the U. S. garrison, and some thirty or forty of the soldiers were sent to despatch it with their muskets. The neigh bors also turned out with their rifles and shot guns, and some fifty or sixty shots were fired into or rather upon him, for the balls were fre quently flattened up upon striking, and fell to the ground. At length it was determined upon to send to the garrison for a field-piece to despatch him, when one of the keepers procuring a spear, mounted a horse and succeeded in wounding the elephant until he caused it to scream with pain and finally to yield to subjection, when it was driven off with the balance of the animals. This is the same animal which killed one of its keepers some two or three years ago, at Algiers, opposite this city, and was only staved from further mischief after fourteen shots had been fired into it.—.V. O. Bee. A young wife remonstrated with her husband, a dissipated spendthrift, on his conduct. “My love,” said he, “1 am only like the Prodigal Son; 1 shall reform by and by.” “And I will be like the Prodigal Son, too,” she replied, “for I will arise and go to my father,” and off she went. Post Office Act. An act to reduce the rates of Postage, to limit the use and correct the abuse of the franking pri vilege, and far the prevention of frauds on the revenues of the Post Office Department. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Re presentatives of the United Slates of America in Congress assembled, That from and after the first day ot July next, members of Congress and de legates .from Territories may receive letters, not exceeding two ounces in weight, free of postage, during the recess of Congress, any thing to the contrary in this act notwithstand ing ; and the same franking privilege which is granted by this act to the members of the two Houses ot Congress, is hereby extended to the Vice-President of the United States; and in lieu ot the rates of postage now established by law, there shall be charged the following rates, viz: For every single letter, in manuscript, or paper oi any kind by or upon which information shall be asked for or communicated in writing, or by marks and signs, conveyed in the mail for any* distance under three hundred miles, five cents; and for any distance over three hundred miles ten cents; and for a double letter there shall be charged double these rates; and for a treble letter, treble these rates; and for a quad ruple leiter-gtfaaftiple these rates; and every letter or parcel not exceeding half an ounce in weight, shall be deemed a single letter, and ev ery additional weight of half an ounce, or addi tional weight less than half an ounce shall be charged with an additional single postage. And all drop letters, or letters placed in any Sost office, not for transmission by mail, but for elivery only, shall be charged with postage at the rate Os two cents each. And all letters which shaft hereafter be advertised as remain tag over in any post office, shall, when delivered out, be charged with the costs ol advertising the same in addition to the regular postage, both to be accounted for as other postages now are. Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That all newspapers of no greater size or superfices than nineteen hundred square inches may be trans mitted through the mail by the editors or pub lishers thereof, to all subscribers or other per sons wilhin thirty miles of the city, town or other place in which the paper is or may be printed, free of any charge for postage whatev er ; and all newspapers of and under the size aforesaid, which shall be conveyed in the mail any distance beyond thirty miles from the place at which the same may be printed, shall be sub ject to the rates of postage chargeable upon the same under the thirtieth section of the act of Congress approved the third of March, one thousand eight hundred and twenty-five, entitled “ An act to reduce into one the several acts tor establishing and regulating the Post Office De partment;” and upon all newspapers of greater size or superficial extent than nineteen hundred square inches, there shall be charged and col lected the same rates ot postage as are prescri bed by this act to be charged on magazines and pamphlets. Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That all printed or lithographed circulars and handbills or advertisements, printed or lithographed on quarto post or single cap paper or paper not larger than single cap, folded, directed and un sealed, shall be charged with postage at the rate of two cents tor each sheet, and no more, what ever be the distance the Same may be sent; and all pamphlets, magazines, periodicals, and eve ry other kind and description of printed or oth er matter, (except newspapers,) which shall be unconnected with any manuscript communica tion whatever, and which it is or may be law ful to transmit bv the mail of the United States, shall be charged with postage at the rate ol two and a half cents for each copy sunt, of no great er weight than one ounce, and one cent addi tional shall be charged for each additional ounce of the weight of every such pamphlet, magazine, matter, or thing, which may be trans mitted through the mail, whatever be the dis tance the same may be transmitted, and any fractional excess of not less than one half ot an ounce, in the weight of any such matter or thing above one or more ounces, shall be charged for as if said excess amounted to a full ounce. Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That the Postmaster General be, and he is hereby au thorized, upon all mail routes over or upon which the amount oi matter usually transported or which may be offered or deposited in the post office or post offices tor transportation, is or may become so great as to threaten materially to retard the progress or endanger the security ot the letter mail, or to cause any considerable augmentation ol the cost of transporting the whole mail at the present rate ot speed, to pro vide for the separate and more secure convey to that al whiob the mail is now transported over such route, taking care to allow in no case ol any greater delay, in the transportation of the other matters and things to be transported in the mail on any such route, than may appear to be absolutely necessary, regard being had to the cost of expediting its transportation, and the means at his disposal, or under his control for effecting the same. Sec. 5. And be it further enacted,. That the twenty-seventh section ot the act of Con-tress, entitled “An act to reduce into one the several acts for establishing and regulating the Post Office Department,” approved and signed the third day of March, in the year one thousand eight hundred and and all other acts and parts of acts granting and conferring upon any person whatsoever the right or privi lege to receive and transmit through the mail, free of postage, letters, packets, newspapers, periodicals, or other matters, be, and the same is hereby utterly abrogated and repealed. Sec. 6. And be it further enacted, That from and after the passage of this act, all officers of the Government of the United States, heretofore having the franking privilege, shall be author ized and required to keep an account of all post age charged to and payable by them, respective ly, upon letters, packages, or other matters re ceived through the mail, touching the duties or business of their respective offices; and said accounts for postage, upon being duly verified by said officers respectively, shall be allowed and paid quarter yearly out of the contingent fund of the bureau or department to which the officers aforesaid may respectively belong or be attached. And the third Assistant Post master General shall be entitled to have remit ted by the Postmaster in Washington all postage charged upon letters, packages or other matter reeeii ed by them respectively, through the mail, touching the business of the Post Office De partment, or the particular branch of that busi ness committed to them, respectively; and each of the said Assistant Postmasters General shall be, and hereby is authorised to transmit through the mail free of postage, any letters, packages, or other matters relating exclusively to his offi cial duties, or to the business of the Post Office Department; but he shall in every such -case, endorse on the back of the letter or package so to be sent free of postage, over his own signa ture, the words “official business.” And tor any such endorsement falsely made, the person so offending shall forfeit and pay three hundred dollars. And the several deputy postmasters throughout the United States shall be authorized to charge, and have allowed to them, in the set tlement of their accounts with the Post Office Department, all postage which they may have paid or had charged to them, respectively, for letters, packages or other matters received by them on the business of their respective offices or ol the Post Office Department, upon a verifi cation on oath of their accounts for the same, and the transmission of the charged letters as vouchers; and the said several deputy postmas ters shall be, and hereby are authorized to send through the mail free of postage, all letters and packages which it may be their duty, or they may have occasion to transmit to any person or place, and which shall relate exclusively to the business ol their respective offices, or to the business of the Post Office Depaitment; but in every such case, the deputy postmaster sending any such letter or package, shall endorse there on, over his own signature, the words “ Post Office business.” And for any and every such endorsement falsely made, the person making the same shall forfeit and pay three hundred dollars. And when the commissions of any postmaster amount to less than twenty-five dol lars per annum, it shall be lawful lor the Post master General to increase the rate ot his com missions provided that they do not exceed fifty per cent, on letter postage accruing at such of fice, and the Postmaster General is hereby re quired to cause accounts to be kept of the post age that would be chargeable at the rates pie scribed in this act upon all matter passing free through the mail according to the provisions of this act; and the sums thus chargeable shall be paid to the Post Office Department from the contingent funds of the two houses ot Congress and of the other Departments of the Govern ment for which such mail service may have been performed, and where there isno suchfund, that they be paid out of the Treasury ol the United States. ■ ■ Sec. 7. And be it further enacted, That the act of Congress entitled, “An act authorising the Governors of the several States to transmit by mail certain books and documents,” approved June the thirtieth, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-four, shall remain and continue in full force, any thing hereinbefore to the contrary notwithstanding; and the members of Congress, the delegates from Territories, the Secretary of the Senate, and the Clerk of the House of Rep resentatives, shall be, and they are hereby au thorised to transmit, free ot postage, to any post office within the United States, or the territories thereof, any documents which have been or may be printed by order of either House of Con gress, any thing in this law to the contrary not withstanding. Sec. 8. And be it further enacted. That each Member of the Senate, each Member ot the House of Representatives, and . each Delegate VOL. IX.-NO. 12. from a Territory ol the United States, the Sec retary of the Senate, and the Clerk of the House ot Representatives may, during each session ot Congress and for a period of thirty days before ihe commencement and thirty days after the end oi each and every session of Congress, re ceive through the mail, free of postage, any let ter, newspaper, or packet, not exceeding two ounces in weight; and all postage, any letter, newspaper, or packet, not exceeding two ounces in weight; and all postage charged upon any letters, packages, petitions, memorials, or other matters or things received during any session ol Congress, by any Senator, Member or Dele gate of the House of Representatives, touching his official or legislative duties, by reason ot any excess of weight above two ounces, ol the mat ter or thing so received, shall be paid out of the contingent fund ot the House ot which the per son receiving the same may be a member. And they shall have the right to frank written letters from themselves during the whole year, as now authorised by law. Sec. 9. And be it further enacted, That it shall not be lawful for any person or persons to es tablish any private express or expresses, lor the conveyance, nor in any manner cause to be con veyed, or provide for the conveyance or trans portation, by regular trips, or at stated periods or intervals, from one city, town, or other place, to any other city, town, or place in the United States, between and from and to which cities, towns, or other places, the United States mail is regularly transported, under the authority of the Post Office Department, ot any letters, packets, or packages ot letters, or any other matter pro perly transmittable in the United States mail, ex cept newspapers, pamphlets, magazines, and periodicals; and each and every person offend ing against this provision, or aiding or assisting therein, or acting as such private expiess, shall, for each lime any letter or letters, packet or pack ages, or other matter properly transmittable by mail, except newspapers, pamphlets, magazines, and periodicals, shall or may be, by him, her or them, or through his, her or their means or in strumentality, in whole or in part, conveyed or transported, contrary to the true intent, spirit, and meaning ot this section, forfeit and pay the sum of one hundred and fifty dollars. Sec. 10. And be it further enacted, That it shall not be lawful for any stage coach, railroad car, steamboat, packet boat, or other vehicle or vessel, nor any of the owners, managers, ser vants, or crews of either, which regularly per forms trips at stated periods on a post route, or beta een two or more cities, towns, or other pla ces, from one to the other of which the United States mail is regularly conveyed under the au thority ot the Post Office Department, to trans port or convey, otherwise than in the mail, any letter or letters, packet or packages of letters, or other mailable matter whatsoever, except such as may have relation to some part of the cargo of such steamboat, packet boat, or other vessel, or to some article at the same lime conveyed by the same stage coach, railroad car, or other ve hicle, and excepting also, newspapers, pamph lets, magazines, and periodicals; and for every such oflence, the owner or owners of the stage coach, railroad car, steamboat, packet boat, or other vehicle or vessel, shall forfeit and pay the sum of one hundred dollars; and the driver, captain, conductor, or person having charge of any such stage coach, railroad car, steamboat, packet boat, or other vehicle; or vessel, at the time of the commission of any such offence, and who shall not at that time be the owner thereof, in whole or in part, shall, in like man ner, forfeit and pay, in every such case of of lence, the sum ot fifty dollars. Sec. 11. And be it further enacted, That the owner or owners ot every stage coach, railroad car, steamboat, or other vehicle or vessel, which shall, with the knowledge ot any owner or own ers, in whois or in part, or with the knowledge or connivance of the driver, conductor, captain, or other person having charge of any such stage coach, railroad car, steamboat, or other vessel or vehicle, convey or transport any person or persons acting or employed as a private express for the conveyance of letters, packets, or packa ges of letters, or other mailable matter, and ac tually in possession of such mailable matter, for the purpose of transportation, contrary to the spirit, true intent, and meaning of the preceding sections of this law, shall be subject to the like fines and penalties as are hereinbefore provided and directed in the case of persons acting as such private expresses, and ot persons employing the same; but nothing in this act contained shall be construed to prohibit the conveyance or trans mission of letters, packets, or packages, or other matter, to any part of the United States, by pri vate hands, no compensation being tendered or received therefor in any way, or by a special lar occasion. Sec. 12. And be it further enacted, That all persons whatsoever, who shall, after the passage of this act, transmihby any private express, or other means by this act declared to be unlawful, any letter or letters, package or packages, or other mailable matter, excepting newspapers, pamphlets, magazines, and periodicals, or who shall place or cause to be deposited at any ap pointed place, for the purpose of being trans ported by such unlawful means, any matter or thing properly transmittable, by mail, excepting newspapers, pamphlets, magazines, and periodi cals, or who shall deliver any such matter, ex cepting newspapers, pamphlets, magazines, and periodicals, for transmission to any agent or agents of such unlawful expresses, for each and every offence, forfeit and pay the sum of fifty dollars. Sec. 13. And be it further enacted, That nothing in this act contained shall have the ef fect, or be construed, to prohibit the conveyance or transportation of letters by steamboats, as au thorized by the sixth section ot the act entitled "An act to reduce into one the several acts for establishing and regulating the Post Office De partment, approved the third of March, one thousand eight hundred and twenty-five.” Pro vided, That the requirements of said act be strictly complied with, by the delivery, wilhin the time specified by said act, ot ail letters so conveyed, not relating to the cargo, or some part thereof, to the postmaster or other authorized agent of the Post Office Department at the port or place to which said letters may be directed, or intended to be delivered over from said boat; and the postmaster or other agent of the Post Office Department shall charge and collect upon all letters or other mailable matter, so delivered o him, except newspapers, pamphlets, maga zines and periodicals, the same rates ol postage, as would have been charged upon said letters had they been transmitted by mail from the port or place at which they were placed on board the steamboat irom which they were received; but it is hereby expressly provided, that all the pains and penalties provided by this act, tor any vio lation of the provisions ot the eleventh section of this act, shall attach in every case to any steamboat, or to the owners and persons having charge thereof, the captain or other person hav ing charge of which shall not, as aforesaid, com ply with the requirements ol the sixth section ot the said law of one thousand eight hundred and twenty-five. And no postmaster shall receive, to be conveyed by the mail, any packet which shall weigh more than three pounds. Sec. 14. And be it further enacted, That the Postmaster General shall have power, and he is hereby authorized, to contract with the owners or commanders of any steamboat plying upon the Western or other waters of the United States, tor the transportation ot the mail for any length of time or number of trips, less than the time for which contracts for transporting the mail of the United States, are now usually made under existing laws, and without the previous adver tisementsnow required before entering into such contracts, whenever in his opinion the public in terest and convenience will be promoted thereby: Provided, That the price to be paid for such service shall in no case be greater than the ave rage rate paid for such service under the last pre ceding or then existing regular contract for transporting the mail upon the route he may so for a less time contract for the transportation of the mail upon. Sec. 15. And be il further enacted, That “ mailable matter,” and "matter properly trans mittable by mail,” shall be deemed and taken to mean, all letters and newspapers, and all magazines and pamphlets periodically publish ed, or which may be published in regular series or in successive numbers, under the same title, though at irregular intervals, and all other written or printed matter whereof each copy or number shall not exceed eight ounces in weight, except bank notes, sent in packages or bundles, without written letters accompanying them; but bound books, of any size, shall not be held to be included within the meaning of these terms. And any packet or packets, ot whatever size or weight, being made up of any such mailable matter, shall subject all persons con cerned in transportingthe same to all the penal ties of this law, equally as if it or they were not so made up into a packet or packages. But nothing in this act contained shall be so con strued as to prohibit any person whatever from transporting, or causing to be transported, over any mail route, or any road or way parallel thereto, any books, magazines, or pamphlets, ornewspapers, not marked, directed, or intended for immediate distribution to sub. scribers or others, but intended for sale as mer chandise, and transported in the usual mode of transporting merchandise over the particular route used, and sent or consigned to some bona fide dealer or agent for the sale thereof; nor shall any thing herein be construed to inter fere with the right of any traveller to have and take with him or her, for his or her own use, any book, pamphlet, magazine or newspaper. Sec. 16. And be it. further enacted, That the term “ newspaper,” hereinbefore used, shall be, and the same is hereby defined to be, any printed publication, issued in numbers, consisting ot not more than two sheets, and published at short stated intervals ot not more than one inonth k
