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PRESIDENTIAL (IIKSTIO.V AT TME SOUTH
In view of the fact that the Fremont whig of
the Republican party in the United States has
cut loose and is running a candidate on its own
account, and that the Baltimore Convention
ba- nominated the man in opposition to whose
administration (his movement was begun, a
history of the Cleveland Convention is deci
dedly interesting. The grounds upon which
Lincoln’s: past administration, and by inference
h '- future also, are to be attacked, are so clear
ly shadowed forth in the speech of John Coch
rane, of New York, to the Cleveland Conven
tion,’ that we republish a large portion of it
Ac tho nominee oi that body for theoffiteoi
Vice President, his utterances may be taken as
the official exposition of the tactics to be used
in this scramble for the government of a loosely
jointed confederation of Yankee States. The
following are some extracts :
INVASION OF INDIVIDUAL KIGUTB.
The timid voice of the citizen, asserting that
liis rights have been invaded, seems to be over
time by the terrific conflict that is raging
nbout uc Hut yet, fellow citizens, terrible and
.Vv i-tating as war is, there is a more serious
ill 4111. Jt is when citizen's rights, in the
j'rc ] light of day, bu-with impressive and el
,, uent rilence, perish before the gaze of a free
people. While our soldiers are engaged in
conflict with the foe, whose deadly
ia pointed at the vitals of the Republic,
there arc repeated blows aimed elsewhere at
our rights, our franchises, at our liberties, and
at our institutions. It is because of this you
lu-i mbled here this evening. Not that you
; v... criticisms to urge upon the conduct of out
champions in the field; .not that you doubt
(h. i, ability to sustain the shock of war; not
that you are at all in suspense at the result:
but that the constitutional period had arrived
lieu citizens throughout this land must speak
frt cly, determinedly and resolutely upon the
' i.{ hot of the rights of man. Not, fellowcitl
.3. r ' that I should advise any of you fora m 0,,,
~, n't to impair the power of the Government,
•j j 1 (. (;, v rnment is ours. It is we who are as-
K-iabled here, who are participating in yonder
< ntlic-t, and we would in no degree exhort to
rapidity or retain t» slowness the pace of those
v. 1.0 occupy the lines in the face of the rebel
foe. ~
y/t; have no criticisms to bestow in di
rection. We are content with that porrion of
(b 0 operations of the Government, and nothing
that lan bo directed toward them must be im
pute,l to us as to unworthy motives, or to that
lukewarm doubt which insinuates a question of
patriotism. With the full limit and extent of
that, most worthy patriotism it is now at
ibis time— while criticising the measures as
we may. a constitutional period, of the ru
lers constitutionally placed over us, we urge
them forward and onward in the great conflict
in wbicn they are engaged, to which we, the
people have impelled them, and which they are
bound with the people to support nnd main
t. 'n. Rut, fellow cittefna, allow me for a few
moments to attract your attention to those
grievances in civil life, which, if permitted to
remain unredressed, and continue in the direc
tion in which they have, their diverging linos
will soon open a vast field of <k+:erLed.interests,
rights, and liberties, which will pall the eye of
the most steadfast.
THE WAR A QUESTION OF FINANCE.
There is a time when in my opinion, the
question of is absorbed in the question of
finance. 'i’llere n ver has been ami never can
he n war, conducted as all wars have been and
will lie, in which, at eume one period thereof,
the question of the continuation of the war
does not become absolutely a question of
finance. Tot instance, we are destroying our
enemy at the front; are wo creating a more
formidable enemy at home t Vv'e have annihila
ted him; are "’e annihilated T If then; bo dan
ger of tie 1 lath r, that danger must be avoided,
tier.ee, at such a period of tho war, when it
becomes a question of finance, no people can
pretend to ary degree of wisdom if. in their
spirit of fell revenge, they are willing to des
troy their enemy at their own expense. The
object ot war is not rove ago. It may be tiie
weapon of outiogc; hut with nations the crea
tion and continuance of the body politic is the
prime object, and any attempts upon the ene
my that would destroy the life of a nation
certainly are suicidal, we must be careful of
the state of our finances, and seo that white
w e are crushing tho enemy on the ono side,
wo are not injuring tho people on the other.
For instance, if ve are expending, as 1 believe
wo are, over four millions a day, and if we are
in receipt at this time of no more than one
million a day, it becomes the people to con
sider tho magnitude of tho debt wo arc rolling
up, and to demand at all points such a rigid,
exact, and scrupulous economy,'that there
siiaii not one dollar issue from the Treasury
tlmt does not go for the absolute wants of tho
country. •
SHODDY.
I do not mean to criticise the honesty of our
-rulers, but 1 do mean to allude to that bevy of
depredators, that fell band of plunderers, that
miserable set of public peculators placing their
hands in the coffers of the country, and draw
ing them out reeking with the blood of our
,ti ns and < tying “patriotism”and “loyalty;"
laim’my remarks at “shoddy ; I bid you be
ware of shoddy; exorciso shoddy from tire body
public like a miserable fungus pi eying at the
vitals of the nation, absorbing the taxes which
men are depleting their hard earned savings to
pay, in order that they may sustain this Gov
ernment. 1 toll you cutoff these shoddy men,
and let the people know that every dollar con
tributed is a dollar for their dear native land.
ABOUT SLAVERY.
There is another subject to which T would di
rect your attention. America lias been called
the land oi the free. We intend that it shall
ini the land of the tree. Ton know that while
the South rested under the salubrious shade of
that sacred Constitution, my brethren, tho De
mocrats were unwilling to disturb them in their
repose. It was wo who stood at the very last
moment with our bauds raised in protestation
against the injurious advance, as we supposed,
o( the North against our brethren of the South.
While we were in this position it was that the
bloodthirsty rebel, the fire eating flllibuster of
the South, aimed his deadly weapon and tired
his missile at the flag which was the emblem
of our nationality. In another moment the
clouds a wept away, and the North sprang to its
feet without exception, and declared that as
we were not willing that any portion of the
Nbrtli should attempt the coercion of the
South, the South should never coerce the
North. And tho war began and has raged, and
I heard, through the atmosphere here and
there, in tho lawless fierce storm that prevailed,
tin; clanking of fetters shattered aud rivets
broke?: and I have seen min start from the
ground with hands east out, not weaponless,
rushing into the midst of the fray; and have
discovered that these were the men whom they
invoked Northern Democrats in tiro proceeding
period to protect. 13« t bceatr.-e of then disre
gard of the principle* of Democracy this fell
war, which they invoked, advanced upon them,
struck off the fetters, kfid let the slave go free.
That is the effect of war. Now I quarrel not
with any one who is here from St. Louis be
cause be approached not from the direction of
New York. 1 have never been the Abolitionist
that many of you have; notwithstanding my
method of ratiocination which has brought nie
to the conclusion, is different from that which
has brought you, we occupy this common
ground. By the practical effect of war the ne
gro is free, and being free, remove from the
Constitution the record of his slavery, and you
have a free America with a free soil and a free
atmosphere.
rrug Riiurr of asylum—the arguelles case.
In another sense America is the asylum of
the oppressed. But what meins that arrest in
yonder street; why is it that lie who flees from
a foreign soil and reaches our short’s, even
though under charges ol guilt, is arrested with
out process of law, and remanded to the place
from whence lie came' Is it a question of
guilt ? No, it is a question of the privilege
and the right of the citizen. Were Arguelles
reeking with crime, the man who imprisons
him before proving that he is guilty, when he
is presumed to be innocent, is an offender not
only against the man charged with guilt, but
against the body of the laws, and the liberties
oi' the p*opie. and I arraign yonder administra
tion upon tin. point, agid demand that they hold
up before the jury of the sountrv their bauds that
we may see whether they ore polluted or
cleansed, g.nd as they stand there in the .pris
oner's attitude before then- judges, tire people,
we demand an answer to be made—‘’Did you
not. without process or law, *tnd upon your
simple commnud, order thismd n 1J be wrested,
and without tried or any opportunity* of defence,
bo remanded abroad to be submitted to .others
laws thau ours?’’ I will pause till next ixO’
t ember for the reply of the people.
NEWSFAFEK BUITISISSION —REVOLUTIONS PREDICT
ED ON SUCH OUTRAGES. .
These are important considerations, fellow
citizens, and I might still continue in illustra
ting to other points of equal importance, but
■will do so only briefly. I have heard that
the varied machinery that operates for the eon- 1
veying of intelligence throughout the laud
was suddenly arrested in its action. Luckily,
perhaps, as our rulers supposed, neither cue of
these establishments thus arrested was denomi
nated a free press, perhaps because it did not
bear tbat cognomen, but was called The Worl!,
or the Journal of Commerce, therefore, the Ad
ministration may have felt empowered to em
barrass and oppress it. Why gentlemen, when
at the bare instigation of aiuler that this great
servitor of the rights arid franemses of a free
people can be arrested in its action, closed
and suspended, one of tbs great bulwarks of
freedom igone. A free pro,-:- lost and your
liberties are !ost;For your liberties are founded
upon the under stratum of intelligence which
proceeds in a great measure from the press,
and which is reproduced in the shape of the
ballot, thus making the circle of knowledge
complete. Thefore, to suppress those imple
ments of knowledge or curtail them, or even
to establish a censorship over them, is every
where pronounced by a free people to be an
outrage, and upon such outrage and wrong in
flicted, revolution is predicted and revolu
tion accomplished.
TIIE AEBTTUABT ARREST OUTRAGES.
And wherever in this broad land, under the
processes of this Administration, a man is
seized under any plea, although it be that of
necessity, which is the tyrant’s plea, your po
litical, civil, and social rights are subverted.
To be sure, there is a necessity of war. The
spy, the uncertain friend, the doubtful foe—
all are under the surveillance of a warlike po- ■
lice. But where martial law is not claimed,
and the civil law exists in its plenitude, tip-re
to arrest a citizen, to imprison him without
recourse to the civil and judicial tribunals, is
an outrage which if permitted, will ultimately
lead the Government into the very slough of
destruction.
THE MONROE DOCTRINE.
Jt is many years ago that a solitary band
found their way through the wilderness, under
an inclement sky, all uncertain of their future
fate, and yet resolute and determined to carve
out in this God’s land, and that Lord’s
wilderness, a homo for free men; and they im
printed tffi-ir footsteps there, anil raised their
notes of thanksgiving and prai 0, and the tones
of the one have not yet ceased reverberating
from crag to crag, until distant Nevada has
heard the sound, and the impress of the other
is not, yet obliterated. We their descendants
have received their arms, and stood up under
the panoply of their strength and their wisdom,
and have endeavored to commit to memory
and heart the reasons they left, and teach our
childreu to repeat them afterward. Amongst
these lessons, if my memory serves mo right,
was this: tiiat America is the land of its peo
ple. Upon her soil grow none but popular
rights; from her streams can bo reflected nore
but representative laws; and around the cir
cumambient air which surrounds that happy
land, we declare that the' matin trumpet and
the evening tattoo shall mingle with nouo but
the songs which proceed from tho children of
the American republic. (Applause.) But what
is that which arrests your attention to yonder
pacific city? I see the Gallic standard advanced
and unfurled to the breeze, and he who holds
it is of the recreant German stock; and he who
would plant his foot there, in tile shape of a
despot’s track, is ho whom our free Germans
hero have to contend against, and his princi
ples, abroad and at home; and the institutions
he would establish upon the laud they have
sworn, and we have sworn, to resist. The
Monree doctrine shall receive no violation.
We have justified to the world the ability of
free rule to preserve inviolate tiie honor and
integrity of a free country, and that work once
completed, as it will be completed, and even
now is completing at the hands of your Geno-
rais in the field. When that work is accom
plished we have yet, we would teach the
despots of the othor world, vigor enough to pre
serve our homes and our country free from the
tread of the myriads of a foreign power. Gen
tlemen, your arc assembled here with a purpose;
that purpose will be best announced in your
proceedings. It is time for you—for us all—to
establish the principles and announce
them which guide us. Onfle proclaim
ed to the world, you will command its respect,
nay, you will demand its applause and receive
it. Your prime object therefore, lu:r«, is the
assertion of principle. Its support and its en
couragement, and opposition and hostility to
whatever may wound or lacerate it.
last ya;»:u:e iiaid on jacksow, miss.
A week ago this morning the enemy were re
ported as having crossed Big Black, and were
marching direct for Jackson. At the time,
General Adams had no troops available—Gen.
Gholson not having arrived from above nor
Colonels Scott and Powers from below. The
way appearing clear for tho enemy, the evac
uation of Jackson was ordered, and the pon
toon bridge at Pearl river removed at daylight
Monday morning. Gen. Adams then proceed
ed toward Clinton, for the purpose of making
a reconnoi ssnee, and found that Col. Scott
had just arrived. Orders were at once given
to hold the enemy in check, and if possible
arrest Ids progress until Gholson could be
heard from.
But after the most gallant resistance, in
which the enemy were repeatedly charged,
Scott was forced to give way, and tho enemy
proceeded to Jackson. When within a few
miles of the town, they were met by a commit
tee of citiz ns with a flag of truce. Generals
Slocum and Dennis were found to bo in com
mand of the expedition; and they assured the
truce party that private property of every de
scription should not be disturbed. The enemy
took possession oi Jackson about two o’clock
Tuesday.
Colonels Scott and Powers camped that night
five miles north of the city, and Gen. Gholson
arrived during tho night. On Wednesday morn
ing pickets were sent forward, and the enemy
were fouud occupying the north lino of breast
works at J abk3on. Affairs remained in that sit
uation until about four o’clock, P. M., when
the enemy were discovered rnoying on the Clin
ton road. Gen. Adams then ordered his coirr
mad to advance by the country road west of tho
main Clinton road with tire view of intercepting
the enemy before he reached Clinton. This he
did at the Barrett place, about five o’clock.
Cob Ham’s regiment was the first to meet
the enemy, and charging him promptly, in
flicted a loss of about twenty killed and wound
ed. By the time this charge was completed,
Ratcliff's battery had turned to the right
through a cornfield, and taking position on a
hill, opened on the enemy. It was replied to
at once by two guns. Lieut. Prank Johnston’s
section moved subsequently to the right, taking
a position near tho Steam Mill, thus securing
an enfilading, fire. Ono of our regiments dis
mounted, and advanced between the two sec
tions ; but Scott’s skirmishers having pressed
the enemy back, and it being now about sun
down, the contcstjwas not renewed till the next
morning at sunrise.
The lines of battle, which, on the previous
evening obliqued in a southwesterly direction
to the Clinton road, now became parallel.—
Suffice it to ray that the enemy succeeded in
passing bis trains, the protection of which on
ids part, and the possessiod on ours, seemed to
be the object of the tight. The enemy .lost on
the field about twenty killed and seventy-five
wounded, and wo captured about thirty pris
oners. o’-'.’- less was not to great, not exceed
ing four killed and twenty wounded.
Our forces followed the enemy toward Clin
ton, overtaking them about two miles this side;
several bold but ineffectual attempts made
to capture a section of artillery, iu which Col.
Lowry's icgiment suffered severely. Geu.
Gholson was struck twice by minuio balls in
tho left shoulder and arm Gen. Gholson’s
men were so much exhausted from forced
marches and short rations, that Gen. Adams
ordered them to give up the pursuit. Colonels
Scott an.l Powers still hovered on their front
and flanks.
Gen. Gholson was moviug in another direc
tion under superior orders, and did not receive
the dispatch to join Gen. Adams until the night
of the fid. He came down to Canton with a
force of not exceeding nine hundred and fifty
effective men. and a hundred of these .were t e
tailed to take charge of the wagop tiain and
disabled horses. This left him eight hundred
and fifty men, deducting from which every
fourth man was horse holder, when dismounted,
and his total fighting force did not exceed six
hundred aud forty.
All told, General Adams did not have ex
ceeding one thousand fighting men under his
command, whilst the force of the enemy con
sisted of two brigades of infantry, six hundred
cavalry, and eight pieces of artillery, in all
numbering two thousand one hundred. The
eiv my sn>tair.e<i a iss ot about two hundred
and fifty killed, wounded and prisoners, and
was forced to leave without accomplishing the
objects of his mission. Our loss does not ex
ceed one hundred, but among the l.di-n we re
caguiz.’noble names, either of whomvvas worth
a lesion of Federals.
Had Gen. Adams five hundred additional
troops, the whole party would have been cap
tured. fob \\ ood. Lieut. Col. Mooruion, and
Haj. Gen-Toy ton, had been ordered up. but
were detained at Coleman's Cross lioads. in
Jefferson county, where thev encountered and
(h-g.'ted a gna-ly snperior ioreo of the enuny.
Take it su\*o£ether, the result is as satis;. miy
as the circumstoT-'-'vs v.mviuicu us to expect.
Colonels Scott and Powers sustained their
reputation for dash add daring, and Lave r.d-.
ded bright laurels to their alrr-my fair
Tliev pursued the enemy to Edwards Depot,
■ ,? y . J ■.■ hi 10.
A gentleman direct from Alexandria, \ a.,
reports that gold was selling at five for one in
that pla.e, .aid a’, the same prices iu, Wash
ington.
TilE MARYLAND EXPEDITION.
The Richmond Examiner gives the annexed
particulars of the laid'gf our army into Mary
land :
An official despatch - received at the IVar
Office Monday morning announces that iue
Confederate forces that mpearyfl.. in iront of
Washington on U-T T r • e
I’otcmac on Thursday the 14th instant, bring
ing off everything safely and in good order.
The despatch also states that cur loss, during
the expedition, was slight.
the battle at monocacy—bout of tiie enemy.
Brigadier-Gen oral C. A. Evans, Lieutenant
E.C. Gordon, bis aid-de-camp, and Captain E
L. I’earce of the Twenty-sixth Georgia rpgi
ment, wounded in the bat tle at the Monocaoy
brigade on the 9th, reached Richmond, Mon
day evening. They are all severely, but, we
are glad to say, not dangerously wounded.
Greneral Evans has a flesh wound through the
right arm, the ball also inflicting a superficial
wound across the abdomen. Captain Pearce
has a iso a flesh wound through the right arm
and side. Lieutenant Gordon received a mus
ket bullet through thexight arm near the elbow
which grazed the bone.
Erom Captain I’earce, who commanded the
Twenty-sixth Georgia in the fight, we received
some particulars of the battle a! Monocacy
bridge. The bridge is four miles from Frede
rick city. The river runs due north and south.
Ihe railroad and national road cross the river
at very nearly the same point. As our troops
advanced towards the river from Fiedoriek it
became apparent that some forces efthe eaeiuf,
supposed at the time to be cavalry, were hold
ing the east bank. A coupple ot our batteries
opened on them from the front, while our cav
alry were ordered to go up the stream and cress
above the bridge. At the same time a consid
erable force of our infantry moved down the
stream and crossing south of the bridge, formed
in a piece of woods on the high ground. It
was still beiieved that the enemy had nothing
but cavalry on the ground, but our infantry
being ordered forward, emerged into an open
field and discovered the enemy’s infantry
drawn up in line of battle along the railroad
at the farther end of the field. The railroad
being several feet lower than the field, the ene
my had all the advantages of an entrench-. -.1
position. Evans’ brigade charged across this
field under a heavy fire of musketry.
_ IV hen within fifty yards of the enemy’s posi
tion another body of the enemy emerged from
the woods on our right and attacked the bri
gade m flank and rendered its position critical,
but other of our forces coming up the enemy’s
flank movement was countered. A simulta
neous charge was then made by our whole
line, when the enemy broke and fled, leaving
between a thousand and twelve hundred dead
and wounded and seven hundeed prisoners in
cur hands. The enemy left the ra.ilroa.ci and
National pike and fled north in the direction of
Gettysburg.
In this action, which lasted about two hours
from tho time of firing the first shot, wo lost in
killed and wounded between five and six hun
dred men and some valuable officers. Moss of
our casualties occurred during the flank attack
of tho enemy. The following named officers
were killed in this action : Colonel Lamar and
Lieutenant Colonel Van Volkenburg, both of
the Sixty-first Georgia; Major Humphrey, of
twelfth Georgia" Battalion; and Capt. Lowther,
oi the Twenty-Sixth Georgia.
WHAT OUR TROOPS ACCOMPLISHED.
Our forces did not follow the enemy, but pro
ceeded directly towards ’Washington and Balti
more, malting rapid inarches, but collecting
cattle and horses along tho route. It is not be
lieved to be expedient at this time to speak with
particularity of our operations before Baltimore
and Washington.
On Thursday night our forces, which had
been much scattered driving cattle, having been
got together, we began our retrograde movement
toward Virgina. This was the most quiet and
leisurely march of the expedition. Our troops
moved slowly, driving tire cattle and horses in
front. The enemy’s cavalry followed ir. our
track, but at a very safe distance behind. If
any of our men were picked up by tho enemy
it was because, in violation of orders, they had
wandered off from tlic main column hr search
of plunder.
This day morning our infantry, baggage and
spoils got safely over the river; our cavalry,
which had, been covering the retreat, were
still at Poolesville, Maryland, Thursday morn
ing. when tne enemy attacked them; a sharp
fight ensued; our cavalry routed the cr.rmy
and chased them six miios towards Washing
ton. «
Our army brought south of the Potomac five
thousand horses and twenty live hundred sph i
did beef cattle; beside our cavalry and artille
ry are ail supplied with new aud valuable hor
ses. Our men are ad in great spirits, and
charmed with the success oi their expedition.
They represent tho time they spent in Mary
land’ as “glorious.”
The only regret connected with the expedi
tion is the necessity we were under of leaving
at Monocacy bridge such of our wounded as
could not sit on their horses!
Escape of Major Gen. Franklin.— Wo re
gret to hear of tiro escepo of Major General
Franklin, as his capture would have enabled
our Government to exchange him for some ono
of our generals now in the bands of the enemy.
We understand he was placed in charge,sf an
officer and two men, who laid down and slept
while Franklin deliberately walked off. Too
much whiskey was probably tho .cause of this,
negligence.
Brigadier General Tyler aucl staff escaped
to Baltimore.
The Internal Revenue Bill. — The following
are a few of The principal features of the Inter
nal Revenue Bill, a3 passed by both Houses of
the Yankee Congress:
In addition to the duties payable for licenses
there is to be paid on ail spirits that may be
distilled aud sold, or distilled and removed for
consumption or sale, of first proof, on oiul af
ter the first of July next, and prior to the first
of February, 1805.51,50 per gallon, and on
and after tho first of February, $2. Ail spirits
which may bcin the possession of the distiller,
or in public store or bonded warehouse, on
either the first of July or February aforesaid,
no duty having been paid thereon, shall be
held and treated as if distilled on these clays
respectively. Brandy distilled from grapes is
to pay a tax of 25 cents per gallon.
Oil illuminating gas, when the product shall
not be above 200,000 cubic feet, the duty is 10
cents per 1000 cubic feet : when above 200,-
000, and not exceeding 500,000, 15 cents; when
above 500,000, and not above 5,000,000, 20
cents ; and when above 5,000,000, 25 corns
per 1000 cubic feet. The general average of
the monthly product for the year preceding tho
return by this act is to regulate the rate of duty
imposed on the hulls, as launched, of all ships,
barks, brigs, schooners, sloops, sailboats,steam
boats, cflntil, and all other vessels or water
craft, not including engines or rigging hereafter
built, tirade, constructed or finished, a duly of
2 per centum ad valorem, is imposed.
On cavendish plug, twist and other kinds of
manufactured tobacco, from which flu stem has
beeu taken out. in whole or in part, cr which
is sweetened, 35 cents per pound; on smoking
tobacco, different kinds, 15 to 25 cents; cn fine
cut, 35 cents; cigarettes, inclosed in paper
wrappers, valued at not over 85 per hundred
packages, each containing not more than 25
c'garettes, $1 per 100 packages; those valued
at over $5 are to pay the same duties as are
provided for cigars of like value.
On cigarettes made wholly of tobacco, and
also on cigars known as cheroots or short sixes,
valued at not over $5 per thousand, $3 per
thousand; on c'gars valued at over So and not
over sls per thousand, SS per thousand; over
Sls and not over S3O per thousand, sls per
thousand: valued at over S3O and not over sls
per thousand, S4O. The valuation will in all
cases be the value of the cigars, exclusive of
the Tax.
Oa bullion in lump, in gold bar or other
wise, a duty of half of one per cent, ad valo
rem. All exportation of gold or silver assayed
at any mint or by any private aasayer, unless
stfynped as prescribed by General Regula
tions. is declared unlawful. A duty of one
twenty-fourth of one per cent, each month is
required to be paid upon the average amount
of the deposits of money subject to payment by
check or draft with any person, bank, associa
tion. or corporation engaged in the business of
banking and a similar amount upon the average
capital stock invested in such business beyond
the amount invested in United States bonds,
and a duty of one-sixth each mouth upon the
average amount of such circulation issued be
yond the amount of ninety per cent, of the cap
ital beyond the average amount of the circula
tion from the six months preceding the Ist of
July next Incomes in excess over SOOO not
exceeding SSOOO pay a duty of 5 per centum
in excess, not exceeding SIO,OOO 7.], and over
SIO,OOO, 10 per centum.
The points settled by the - Committee of
Conference were many, perhaps three hundred
ia number, and each House concurred in the
report after a brief explanation of several of
tue promment leading features only.
Among the changes in the bill 'as originally
reported are blooms, slops or loops, to ode di
rectly from the ore, $o pier ton. which is the
■lame ns on railroad iron. Iron castings, used
lor bu lges or other permanent structures, and
stoves and hollow ware, and castings of iron,
exceeding tea pounds in weight, for each cast
ing sll per ton: cut naiis, spikes and ~ rivets of
certain sm- =, $1 per ton.
TIIE KEAUSAGK AND ALABAMA CORUE&-
rOADEXCE.
LETTER FROM CAPT. WINSLOW,
fcir: liiere have been so many nonsensical
publications on tho engagement which took
place between tee Alabama and the Kearsage,
that it is my wish that a correction should be
made.
In the fi'-t place no challenge was sent by
Capt. Winslow; to have done so would have
been to tare violated the order of the Navy
Department. On the contrary, Capt. Win
slow received a request from Capt. Semmes
not to leave, as he would fszht the Kearsage,
aad would only occupy a day or two in his
preparations. Five flays however, elapsed be
fore they were completed.
The Kearsage’s battery consists of seven
guns, two 11-inch Dahlgrens, four ,32 poun
der;, one light rifle .8 poundfer. .The battery
cf the Alabama consisted of one 100 pounder
rifle, one heavy G: do.,six 3d pounders—that
is, one more gun than the Kearsage. In the
waice of the engines, on the outside, the Kear
ssgo had stopped up and down her sheet
Chains. These were stopped by marline to eve
-bolts, which extended some 20 feet, and was
done bv the hand*, of the Kearsagej- the whole
was covered by light plauk, to prevent dirt
collecting. If was for the purpose cf protect
!£g the engines, when there was no coal in tho
upper part of the bunkers, as was the case
when the action, took pi-ac-e.
ilia Alabama had her bunkers full, and was
equally protected. The Kearsage wimtinto ac
tion with n crow of 102 officers and men. The
Alabama, by a report of the Deerhound's offi
cers, had 150.
The Kearsage steamed to sea in order that no
questions of neutrality juris fiction should be
raised : when far enough she turned short round
and steered immediately for the Alabama for
close acri'in. The Alabama fired as slie was
coming down on lu r, two broadsides sml a part
of another ; not cate' shot, came on board; tho
Kearsage then sheared and opened on the Ala
bama,, tiyipg to get nearer. * ,
The action lasted one hour and-two minutes
from tho first to toe lay*; shot. The K-.-Hrsage
received twenty eight shuts above and below,
thirteen about her hull; the best shots were
abaft the mainmast; two shots which cut the
chain stops, the shell of which broke the cas
ing of wood covering. They were too high to
■have tkmwgel the boilers, had they penetra
ted. The. Ke.y age was only slightly damaged,
. and I supposed the action for hot work had
just commenced when it ended.
Such stuff as tire Alabama firing when she
was going down, and all such talk, is twaddle.
The Alabama toward the last hoisted sail to get
away, when the Kearsage was laid across her
boys, ;u;d would have raked hi r hail slie not
surrendered, which she had done, and was try
ing to get her tings down, and showing a white
flag over the stern. The officers of the Ala
bama on board the Kearsage say that she was
a complete slaughter house, and was com
pletely torn to pieces. This is all I know of
the Alabama. Yours, &c.,
John A. Winslow, Captain.
CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN CAPT. WINSLOW AND MR.
BONFILS.
The following correspondence between the
Captain of the Kearsage and Mr. Boniils, the
commercial agent of the defunct Alabama, has
been published at Cherbourg:
Cherbourg, July 21. ?
. U. 8. S. S. Kearsage. J
To Monsieur Bor.fiis:
Kir: Certain pilot boats which I, from feel
ings of b’.-.inauity allowed to save several pri
soners wh-.-ii the Alabama laid gone down,
took them into Cherbourg. These, officers'and
sailors are not the less subject to the laws cf
war, they us e my prisoners?, and I demand that
they come on bourd the Kearsage to surrender
as such.
If tney should endeavor to free themselves
from this obligation under cover of the means
which have been used for f hiir escape, they
must expect to meet with no mercy another
tirno.
John A. Winslow, Caplain.
To Capt. John A, Winslow:
Sir: J have reeeivc-d your letter of June 21.
Your demand is one which J have no power
whatever to entertain, and etnmid have been
add tossed to tho French Government, with
whom - unfortunate.-, have found a refuge.
• 1 . v of«.»law f wev to prevent h soldier
from csj-v-.V-j from tiie field of battle after a
r.-v.r:;-;, ev-.' i :'.flic :: h lie had bjen made a
j prisoner, and Ido hot see why a sailor who
! saves himself by c-whotuiug, Should be in a
| t.vtr;3 e ' ir.u.-u, therefore, refuse to act as
1 yciir <;• -bctw.-.-n I.> vei certain individuals,
who* 1 you do no- c . n name, but whom yon
claim as prisoners. 1 cannot, moreover, uu«l- r
s eufl how the .authorities of (be United States
can pretend to hold prisoners in the territory
of the French Empire.
I am, &c,, Bontti.s .-
COKRESr&NLEXCE RE I VILEN MR. MASON AND MR.
LANCASTER.
No. 2d, Upprr Seymour St. )
Porfman Square, London, June 21. j
Dear Sir: I’received from Captain Serames
at Southampton, where 1 had the pleasure to
see you yesterday, a full report of the efficient
service rendered under your orders, by the of
ficer? and crowcf your yatcht, the Deerhound,
in rescuing him; with 12 cf his officers and 27
of his crow, from their impending fate, after
the loss of Ids ship.
Capt. Femmes reports that, finding the Ala
bama actually sinking, lie had barely time to
dispatch Ids wounded in his own boats to the
enemy’s chip when tho Alabama went down,
and that nothing was left to those who remain
ed on board but to throw themselves into the
sea. Their own boats absent there seemed no
prospect of relief, when your yacht arrived in
their midst, and your boats were launched ; and
’he impressively told me that to this timely and
generous succor he r with most of his officers and
a portion of his crew, were indebted for their’
safety. lie further toM me that on their arri
val o:i bo'-rd the yacht every care and kindness
were extended to them which their exhausted
condition required, even to supplying ail with
dry clothing.
J a fully aware of the noble and disinteres
ed spirit which prompted you to go to the
).. ,i, of fj,o gallant c: wof tho Alabama, and
that I can add ' nothing to (he recompense al
ifndy u.-cived'by you ar.d those acting under
you, in the consciousness of having done as
you would bn done by* yet you will permit mo
to thank you, ah;!, through you, tho Captain,
c-ffiaets si:id crew of the Deerhound for this
sign and service, afid t:> say that, in doing so, I
but anticipate tho .grateful sentiments of my
country and of the Government of tho Con
federate States.
I have the hon r to be, dear sir,
Most respectfully and truly,
Your obedient servant,
J. M. Mason.
John Lancaster, Esq., llindlev Hall, Wigan.
Handley Hall, near Wigan, |
Juno 24, IBG4. f
Dear Ptr. : I am in due receipt of your es
teemed favor of the 21st inst., and am gratified
to tied that’the timely aid we rendered with
the yacl t, Deerhound to Ibo -g-tliant captain
aud officers and crew of the Alabama lias met
with your approval. I shall always look back
to that event with satisfaction, however much
we may regret the result which necessitated
my inierferenee.
Yours, very respectfully,
John Lancaster.
The Hon. J. M. Mason.
Mr. Lancaster also publishes a long letter
justifying I;;., rescue of Summes, and denying
that Lis yacht was a tender to the Alabama.
COLPUMESmV LETTER TO TIIE iCTII
* UiICH&IA FKOJI UUX. GIST,
Brigade Headquarters, )
June 30th, 1864. ')"
Captain E. Taylor, Commanding 40th Georgia
Regiment:
Captain :—li afforda me pleasure to trans
mit through you to your splendid regiment
the accompanying complimentary letter from
Mij. Gen. \Vatker, and to add my testimony to
the gallant cohduct of the officer, red Dieii of
the «Cth Georgia Volunteers. From the repu
tation ot this regiment much was expected; it
lias more thau fulfilled anticipations, a-d I
feel assured before the campaign is over will
add fresh laurels to those already won and
modestly worn. I sorrow with you for the loss
of gallant officers and brave men. Let us em-
node their examples, and revenge their deaths.
The occasion wilt soon be presented, let each
man again do his whole duty.
Tour charge upon the enemy was dashing
and effective, accomplishing all that was de
sired. As the enemy was in your own front,
to you was a- the duty of driving them
back. You have my thanks for the manner in
which-it was done.
‘South Carolina mingled her berf blood with
yours when the gallant Major C. c- O’Keal. of
me ICtfi South Carolina Volunteers, fell by
your side. Officers and men engaged all con
ducted themselves with credit, but I feel con
strained especially to mention the distinguish
ing gal i autry of Capt. W. A. Davie, of your
regiment, v.-ho succeeded to the command when
the lamented O Neal fell, freedom
awaits us —let each man bit..ate .on anew his
armor and all will yet be weli with our suffer
country.
- Very Respectfully,
- Your obedient servant,
(Signed) S B, Gist, Brigadier General.
FROM CHARLESTON.
Ihe enemy Sunday nizht ’erected another
small wooden house about fifty yards in frost
of Battery Gregg.
• bombardment of Fort Sumter by Batte
ries Gregg and Wagner continues about tho
same.
A iorceoftwo hundred men wero observed
a. work upon Wagner Monday, repairing dam
ages caused by recent high tides.
Another house was erected in’ the rear cf
Wagner on Monday night.
An examination of the position recently oc
cupied by the enemy near Gervais’. on John’s
Island, reveals the fact that the enfilade shell
ing from Battery Tynes was very accurate.
During Friday night the enemy erected a
small wooden house between Batteries Gregg
and Wagner, directly in the rear of Vincent's
Creek, for what purpose is as yet unknown.—
It is supposed by many to be intedod as quar
ters for tho prisoners sent to Morris' Island by
me Lincoln Government to be placed under
our lire. Another house, of the same size, was
erected and placed alongside of tho first on
Sunday forenoon.
As showing the force in the late de
monstration on and order of
movements, we give below an interesting docu
meat. issued by Gen, Foster, a copy of which
has been kindly furnished us for publication.
•It win be seen that three brigades and their
Commanders are mentioned:
[confidential circular.]
Headq’rs Department of the South, )
Hilton Head, S. C., June 29, 1804. j
The following instructions will govern com
manding officers in the conduct of their troops
on board transports, and in disembarking the
same :
I. The men composing each company will
be kept together at a'l times. Upon approach
ing iand, or going up a narrow river, the
Company Commander will give the command
“Attention,” when the company will immedi
ately form, facing outward, and stand under
arms, the "men being fuliy equipped, and ready
to disembark without breaking ranks. -Com
pany Commanders must rcmp.in at all times
with their companies, except when out of sight
of land, when they may retire to the cabins.
11. Proper means of exit on each transport
must be prepared, to facilitate the disembarka
tion; strong stairs must be ready to be placed
at each gangway, forward and alt, at a mo
ment's warning.
111. Two non-commissioned officers must
be placed at-each gangway, to. assist in disem
barking the troops, and to pass to them their
muskets anil knapsacks. Strong gang planks
must be prepared and placed near each gang
way ready for immediate use.
IF. The signal for starting will be the Ame
rican flag, under Union J ick, at the fore, on
the steam transport. “Sylph,” the flag ship of
Brig. Gen. John i’. Hatch.
Each brigade Headquarters will repeat the
signal for sailing immediately after being hoist
ed on the flag ship. Tfib transports will sail in
tho following Oldest "■*
Brig. Gen. JohhP, Hatch, on transport
••Sylph,” followed by transports contain# the
Hilton Head troops.
Brig. Gen. Y/. Birney, on transport -‘N. P.
Banks,” followed by transports containing the
Florida troops, with, the 34th U.S. C. T.
Brig. Gen. R. Saxton, on transport “Flora,”
followed by transports containing the Beaufort
troops.
The several brigade's must keep together as
much as possibfe, also the vessels comprising
each brigade, in order that they might be dis
tinguished. .
The, speed of the vessels to correspond
with the slowest sailing transport of each brig
ade. 4 f-
V. Tiie thole-pina -of the small boats must be
secured by lanyards underneath; trail-lines
fitted to secure the oais when dropped over—
painters new aad strong.
, YI. The flag of the Major General command
ing will be blue, with white castle in the
centre.
By command of Major General J. G. Foster.
Official. V/. L. M. Bf.ro-eb,
Assistant Adj’t Gen’l.
A LETTISH FROM GOV. RROWIV
The Macon Telegraph has been banded the
following letter of instructions to Col. Hamil
ton, for public)vtion. As will be seen, all per
sons claiming exemption from militia duty
will have to bo examined by. the hoard of Sur
geons appointed for that purpose, before ho
can bo discharged. The Governor’s instrnc
tiovs are explicit and decided, and we would
advise ail persons to conform with them : !
Headquarters Atlanta, Ga., )
July 20th, 1864. j
B. ]> Hamilton, Col. and Aid-do-Camp:
Colonel.— ln reply to your inquiry I state
that sdl persons having certificates of disability
from Distri ct-Surgeons arc liable t© ro-exami
natron; unless the certificate oxpressess neon
its lace that the discharge is permanent, for
permanent disability. The Statute of the
rffate requires in ad other cases that ro-exam
iiiat'oifs be had. at least once a year. This
a,Lows re-examinations whenever ordered, but
requires that at least one re-examination shall
be made each year.
Aii persons holding certificates that do not
express upon their lace that tho discharge is
permanent rvill report immediately to Dr.
Raines at Atlanta, for re-examination, unless
it wilt boa oaso of loss of limb, occurring siiiee
the certificate—or some other case where tire
Aid-de-Camp sees that it is a case where the
physical defeat 'is so patent to every one that
there can be no question about it. All who
hoi.l such certificates, and are able to attend
to business at homo, wili be required to report
immediately, and if they refuse you and each
Aid-tle-Cam.p cf the State, and each officer sent
home to aid. in bringing up the troops will ar
rest and send forward ail suca.
All examinations for discharge from this ser
vice will bo made by Dr. Raines or the Board
appointed by him.
You wiii press forward tho work of sending
troops to the front as -fast as possible. The
officers sent to-your county by Gen. Smith wili
cooperate with you, audit'need be, you will or
ganize a band of men well mounted and armedjto
pass around, through.tho county for ten days,
and arrest aud bring up all delinquents with
them to Atlanta.
Every dictate of patriotism requires that
every man able to bear arms shall come to tiro
front wit jont unlay. Those who refuse to do
so do not surely think of the consequences
which may follow. Jos. E Brown.
rt . Confederate Officers off Charleston.—
rho New ) ork Tribune gives the annexed list
or the naisses of tho Confederate officers who
have been placed under fire off Charleston :
Major Generals.—Edward Johnston, Frank
Gardner.
Brigadier Generals.—J J Archer, George H
Stewart and J off Thompson.
Colonels.—Wesley It. Carter, M Cobb, Basil
Duke, M J Ferguson, J M Hanks, Richard C
Morgan, Jas Fed, W H Peebles, A S Vander
veufer, W WWard,Wm M Barber, J N Brown,
J A Jaques, R K Bandill and W H Forney.
Lieutenant Colonels.—James F Bremer P E
Durant, 0 P Swingley, Joseph T Tucker, D II
L Manta, A BBpre’e, T G Jackson, 51 J Smith
and W L Davidson.
Majors.—J T Groce, II A Ilffiley, G Henry,
13 A Nash,-D W Anderson, J H Caldwelj, J T
Corson, W Emmett. L J Perkins, Geo II
Smith, E J Saunders, T Steele, Thos B Weber
J M Wilson, W II Manning, T E Upson and F
F Waring. _
Militia Exemptions.— For general informa
tion wo publish the following supplemental
Act, passed at the last session of tho Legisla.
ture :
An Act, to excr.pt certain persons from'Cmica
in the Mlitia cf the State of Georgia.
Section I. He it enacted, That the following
!iam»d person#, in addition to those already
declared exempt, shall be exempted from mili
tia duty under the Act of the General Assem
bly, approved 14th December, 1863 : All State
Tax Receivers, one editor of each Newspaper
published oil the 14ih of December, 18C3, and
as many persons employed in printing and
publishing the same, as the editor may on
oath dee ! are to bo absolutely essential to its
publication ; and all ministers of religion,
duly authorized to preach according to the
rules of their sect, iu the regular discharge of
ministerial duties.
See 11. All conflicting laws are hereby re
pealed.
Assented to March ID, 1864.
Point Lookout.—A gentleman lately confin
ed at Point Lookout, and who arrived in Rich
mond, says that the prisoners are now guarded
by three regiments of one hundred days’ men—
the negroesliaving been sent off to Grant. There
are also four gunboats guarding the Point. The
number of Confederates confined there at pres
ent is about fourteen thousand, three hundred
of whom are citizens. Ssme of these citizens
have been imprisoned for-fifteen months, with
no charge against them. Since May the rations
have been reduced, *od the poor fellows suffer,
for want, of food. Por several days the author
ities have endeavored so keep the newspapers
out of Hie hands of both prisoners and guards.
They were afraid they would get too much
news from Washington.— Richmond Sentinel.
Mr. Chase will not, it is Bald, leave Washing
ton for gome time yet.
Col. G. C. Gibbe has been appointed com
mander of the post at Macon in place of Col,
Aiken, removed at his own request,
Tliii JUJijkT OK CBS. BIX.
IMPORTANT rr tCiii-iDJNGS IN COURT.
•[From’the Ns* York Esprit?-’. July C.]
City Jcdqe’s 0::i 2—Before Jc'pgb Krssiffif.
Pursuant to adoiiniriient, lire parlies came
before Lis honor a. 4 o'clock.
Judge Piortn iw said that.as inasmuch ns he
was fresh in the tsa he would like to know
the nature of Jhecasc.
Mr. Hall repito* the warrant, which charged
General Dix and Hays, and others, with kid
napping end iiL-Iting to a riot, nnd directed
their arrest for au.-h offences against the statute.
In this case a complaint had been made, wit
ness :ess heard, valiant issued, and the parties
were now in coitf. The farther proceeding in
the case would hive to be initiated at this stage
by tiie other side.
Judge Pierpoi it said that he desired to bring
up certain questions cu demurrer or in such
form as might lw suggested. In his opinion
the present quest on was one orbital impor
tance to the nation. The question-involved
was whether a gmoral m comin'aud of a de
partment in times of civil war could be arres
ted and deprive:, of his liberty for obeying the
orders of the President of the United Stales.
This question was one that affected the peace
of the enfi-.o community. General Dix had
obeyed a definite and specific order from tho
President qf feeTTni|pd States. The Governor
of this State directed tile matter-before the
Grand Jury, who declined to go into mi in
vestigation. Counsel the-n cited tiie subse
quent proceedings of Governor Seymour, and
in this mode the warrant came to be issued.
The question they desired to raise was,
whether in times,of civil war Generals could
be arrested by a civil magistrate for carrying
out the orders of the Chief Executive. lie
did not wish to argue the case, but merely to
submit Lhe question. Last night General Dix
had received orders from the President not to
allow himself to be deprived of his liberty nor
to submit to any process ’for carrying out the
orders of the Executive. General Dix was
therefore placed in a dilemma either to carry
out tho orders of the President or refuse to re
cognize the process of the civil magistrate.—
Thus the main issue was presented, and it was
their duty to see where the law is and what
are rights of tiie military and civil power.
District Attorney Hall said, before the gen
tleman could go on, lie must submit legal evi
dence, Produce Die President’s order; then
they might object to it as unconstitutional, or
that the order could not justify the arrest. It
would be the duty of the defence to shew that
they had a right to make the euiry complain
ed’ then the prosecution must fr.il.* The State
intended to bo magnanimous—it courted in
vestigation and would not spring any traps up
on the General Government. It did -not in
tend to be technical. It would not shut up
opponents in forts, but would court a full and
fair examination. It was a momentous ques
tion, that when a State had performed her
duty so nobly as New York had doso; it could
and ought to ho treated with dignity, audits
State laws carried out without its legal rights
being infringed.
United States District Attorney E. Delafield
Smith remarked that the attitude which the
General Govnrnment assumed was regarded us
one of the necessary obligations due to the
Constitution. They did not regard this State
an entirely at peace ; it Was one cf a great n :-
tiou tom to pieces, and racked with a great re
bellion. The question wu3 whether the-Gov
ernment should be shorn of its power to sup
press the rebellion by Ike.arrest of tho agents
who were carrying out its behests ? The facts
in this case are easily obtainable, they could
come in the form of an examination, and very
little time -need bo spent iu making them a
matter of redord, and then the only thing to be
done was to name a day on which the argument
on the great legal question could be heard.
Judge llussell suggested that the orders bad
better bo made a part of the record, and thus
come up in proper form.*
Attorney* General Cochrane coincided with
the views taken by District Attorney Ilali, in
relation to the aspect taken by the State on
this subject.
After some-further discussion the matter was
adjourned to some day next week, when tho
great legal point will be Qiscusaed.
Geu. Dix aud his officers are in the mean
time held on their verbal recognizances.
GEOGp.irnrJAL Portion of Atlanta. —There
*aro four raihviffi, terminating i;i Atlanta, ’i he
Georgia lailroads, the TYo-ffir-j and Allimik-.
tho Mtu.-mi 011,1 \v,«iorn, m.u o , -j
West Point. The first one bf.tbeae the Georgia,
was completed : bout 1228, aud then terminate i
at “YVbiti-tuda small country tavern near
the centre of Fulton county. Commencing at
Augusta it ran in a northwest direction to that
point. Then the Macon and Western tow con-'
structed from this city to Whitehall, and soon
after the then village of Whitehall was named
the town of-Atlanta. The West Point road was
the next constructed, running to the Chatta
hoochee river on the western i oundary of ihe
State. The Western and Atlantic, running
northwest to Chattanooga, Tenn., followed.
The county of Fulton, of which Atlanta is
the center, is bounded on its entire northwest
face by the Chattahoochee river. This stream
rises in the Black Mountains, spurs of the Blue
Ridge, iii Habersham county, and not far from
where, in .the same county, by Dio junction of
the Tallulah and Chat tooga creeks, ibe Savan
nah is formed. Flowing southwest,’ for a dis
tance of one hundred and fifty miles, it strikes
the Alabama line south of the thirty-third paral
lel, and from thence runs almost due south,
dividing the States of Alabama arid' Georgia,
and finally into Apalachicola river and
the G nlf of Mexico.
Seven miles north of Atlanta is tho Chatta
hoochee bridge, where the Western and Atlan
tic Railroad crosses the. river. This bridge has
been destroyed by the Ctmfederales, and is
again being constructed by the Panin es. A
few hunutv 1 yards above this bridge, Peach
tire ere, k comes into the Chattahoochee from
the cast. A little creek called Nance’s runs in
to Peachtree just above the mouth of the lat
ter. • '
Farther up the Chattahoochee, and sixteen
miles northeast of Atlanta, on its northern bank
and in Cobb county, is the little town of Ros
well, which at*present is the base of the left
wing of Sherman’s army. This town is due
east of Marietta.
Decatur is si town,'-.or rather tho first depot
on tho Georgia- Railroad, four miles from At
lanta, and sixteen from Roswell.
Stone Mountain is an isolated, barren peak,
several hundred feet, in bight, and perhaps two
miles around the base,abruptly rising from the
plain like one of the Pyramids ot Egypt, ten
miles from Decatur and sixteen from Atliftta.
It can be seen from a -long distance off’, and
from its summit a grand view of the country
can be obtained. There is not a tree or shrub
upon it, but presents nothing to view but rocks
and rocky cliffs, It is supposed that Bogan’s
corps,of Sherman’s army has now possession of
the mountain and the railroad near it. It is
the only elevation of the siighest importance
any where about Atlanta.
It Is ono hundred and thirty-eight miles
from Atlanta to Chattanooga; one hundred and
seventy-one from Atlafita to Augusta; eighty
four to West Point; ono hundred and sixty
eight to Montgomery; and cne hundred and
ten from Atlanta to Macon. East Point is six
miles west on the West Point read.' The Ma
con & Western and the Atlanta & West Point
railroad’; form a junction at East Pojnt, but
trains of either company run into tho heart of
the city. Atone place, Peachtree creek runs
. within five miles of the city. At the last ac
counts the enemy wero ali" along this insignifi
cant, little branch.
Fulton couhty is bounded oh the east by
Delialb, on the South by Fayette, on the west
by Campbell, and on the North by Cobb coun
ties. It is oddly shaped, for whilst its extreme
length from north to south is thirty mites, its
width from east to west is only ten. It is
drained try tiie Chattahoochee and Peachtree
creek at the north, and another little creek in
thu,southwesfc, the name of which we hav%for
gotteii. The laud is of the poorest red clay and
very unproductive. Tho suifa.ee of the country
is generally flat, v/ith here and there small
ridges, and wholly uninviting to the tillers of
the soil,— Macon Confederate.
FROM FLORIDA.
We learn from the Marrianna West Florida
News, Juiy JA'i, that a few days ago, Capt. Win.
Amos, of iho 15 th Confederate Cavalry, while
on a scout near (he coast, discovered three
small_ vessels anchored in the Bay. flaring
but 15 men wi'h him, be determined to take
and destroy them. Securing the first, they
proceeded to the second, which they captured
without the least difficulty, and concealing his
men, he started with one of toe boats—leaving
a detachment in charge of the other-to capture
the third, which was a larger vessel, with ten ar
med men aboard. Ranging alongside, the order
was given and Lis men boarded the vessel, which
was manned by deserters, who levelled their
guns at /.mos party. The order was given to
fire, when two deserters were killed and one
jumped overboard end was drowned. The re
maining seven wwc captured.
A dispatch from Hilton Head acknowledges
a Yankee repuißcat Fort Johnson, with a loss
of 150 men, including Col. Hoyt, and Lt. Col.
Cunningham. ,
’The blockade running steamers Bostva and
Little Adt have been captured,
FORKSUN NEWS.
GREAT BRITAIN NOT RESPONSIBLE.
. [From ihe London Post. (Government organ.'
June 21.]
o c- Now that the great Confederate
cruiser is among tiie things of the pact, wo
are*aware that very different judgments will
b-c pronounced upon the character of her ca
reer. By some she will be denounced as a
lawless pirate, whose sole object was to de
stroy ail property which she had any reason to
Uvnk belonged to the citizens of the Northern
republic ; by others she will be regarded as an
effective craft, manned by a resolute crew,
sailing under a recognized flag, and doing as
much damage as possible to an opponent by
whom she was vastly overmatched. Built
in an English dock, and equipped in neutral,
though not English waters, put in commission
while on the high seas, and never moored in a
Confederate port, there are those who will main
tain that, she never acquired that national char
acter which qualified her to war, in filename
of the on tho Republic
of the United States, ami that she w»s in truth
a privateer without a legitimate commission.
These are questions which have already been
hotly canvassed, and which will, now that tho
Alabama’s race is run, again be eagerly venti
lated. Either as the Alabama’s origin
or her subsequent career, there is, however,
but one opinion which unbiased and impaitial
inquirers can ever entertain. That this coun
try is not responsible for her departure from
our ports is evidenced by the fact that in the
similar case of the Alcxuu.ua the Government
failed to establish their right to detain the ves
sel, and. therefore, the seizure of the Alabama,
had it taken place, would have been an illegal
act.
ARREST OF A BRITISH SUBJECT IN BOSTON.
In the House of Lords, on the 21st of Jiine,
the lfarl of Derby paid that he wished to put
a question to flu Secretary of Foreign Affairs,
of which he hail git on him privatenc.tice.—
He was informed that a gentleman named Le
vey, a BtilWi subject, and a merchant of Mon
treal, bad arrived a short time since in a British
packet, the Asia at tho port of Boston, and that
upon his arrival there, be was brought before
the United States authorities, who immediately
took him into custody. That ccoured cn the 1
20th of last month, and bo was brought before
the Commissary Genoral for the purpose of
being examined, but without being told what
the charges were which were brought against
him. His yapcis were taken from him, and
lie remained iu prison ten days, at the cad of
which time his papers were restored without
explanation, and he was told that he might
- leave prison.
Earl Russell said that in latest dispatches
from Lord Lyons there was no reference to the
ease of Mr. Levey. It was very probable that
•by tho next dispatches some account of it
might l)c received. When such cases- as the
imprisonment of British subjects did cccur, as
they unfortunately did very'frequentiy, Lord
Lyons always called tho attention of tho Amer
ican Government to them and required an ex
planation. In case it appeared that L- r l Ly
ons’ attention bad not been directed to the
case, he would write to him and bring it under
his notice.
The Earl of Derby regreted to hear that these •
cases were of lrequent occurrence, for they cer
tainly had not been communicated to Bailia
'ment. lie trusted tire noble lord wan Id not
lose fight of the subject.
Earl Russell said that when he had described
these case's cf imprisonment as being common,
he did not mean imprisonment without reason:
for whet} explanations came to be given, it
generally appeared that the United Stales Gov
ernment had some reason to induce them to
believe that the persons imprisoned had been
engaged in affording assistance to their ene
mies.
- recognition.
[From the London Illustrated News.]
“The very decided victories achieved by the
Southern Confederacy, the news of which ar
rives just as we aro putting their shipowners
on trial as pirates ; the facts that they denom
inate the Mississippi, have crushed Banks,
keep Gfat-.t in cbeik, and have retaken and
hold at least six important forts, the possession
of which relieves their chief city, and makes it
safer than Washington itself ; these facts have
ht forward Mr. YV. 8. Lindsay, who pro
poses that now the time has arrived for an
open recognition of the Southern States as .an
independent nation. Why not? It is useless
to conceal the fact that their conquest, is utter
ly hopeless, ’ibo Northern States, taxed to
their almost, are staggering in a fool’s para
dise, believing, probably, that their debts
will never.bn i-rid, their repudiation will bo
vary. or that tho ‘ns/.antes' •■•r a. ; l.v
enormous that she .will quickly recover.”
IUJ*
The Negro Under Yankee Rule. —The Lon
don Index in referuing to the (undid speech
made lately by Wendell I'hillip’s remark-;
. The negro has nothing to expect from North
ern conquerors but a slavery’infinitely harder
than anything that exists in Cuba or did exLt
in .J amaica. Wherever the Yankee has come
the negro has perished. He has been torn from
tho homo where he was well clothed and well
lodged, abundantly fed and carefully provid
ed. He has been sold at a few dollars a head
to Yankee speculators, who have worked him
to death in a few weeks; ho has been doomed
to prowl about the purlieus of the camp, liv
ing cn foul offal and dying of strange diseases;
and, in his helpless misery, he has vainly
imp! ored lijs captors to rid him of this liberty
—liberty to starve and suffer—and restore
bim to the master whom he loved, and who
cared and provided for him. Since this war
broko out tho Yankees may have captured
some 200,000 negroes. We have reason to be
lieve that one half of these arc dead. In the
worst days of Rome, in tire palmiest days of
the slave trade, slaves were never treated so
ill and never died half so fast as under tho
protection of Northern- Abolitionists. Well
may Mr. Phillips say that if lie were a negro,
“he would dread every victory on the part of
tho North.” It is not by Northern victories
that, iu his opinion, ibo slaves arc to be deliv
ered. The war ia to set them free by a slower,
auler, and more terrible process. “It* is per
forming exactly the work which war did in
-Bouth America; it is taking lire rivets out of
society; ii is crumbling up tho whole social
and civil life into its original elements, * and
when that work is completely done, no matter
what the form of Government lie that comes
on, the negro is always free. It ia to the dis
solution oi society, not to the reconstruction
of the Union, that Abolitionists are bidden to
look for the accomplishment of their darling
object. The States are to sink into the con
dition oi Tdexico or Nicaragua, to bo the prey
of continual anarchy and chronic civil war,
to bo -without order, without government,
v/ithout the security for life and properly, in
order that out of this chaos may arise the in
dependence of the negro. Such is the pros
pect to which Mr. Wendell Phillips deliberate
ly directs the hopes of his _ friends: lie depre
cates peace, he even, deprecates victory, least
they should aveit that total, all subverting ru
in by which tlic slave is to be set free. Per
ish the Union, so that the negro be emanci
pated: exterminate the Southern people, level
their cities to the ground, ravage their lands,
c’o3o up their ports, make of their rich coun
try a howling wilderness, in order to' provide
r fit home for four millions of freedmen.—
What matter if for this end we ever
ything that has made Americans proud of
their country and has attracted to her shores
the poor and the discontented from all qua::
tprs of the world—liberty, wealth, security for
life and property everything that makes a
nation great and happy? All this is a lesser
evil Chan to acknowledge the independence of
the South—a trifling price to pay fur the final
abolition of negro slavery.
So speaks Mr. Wendell Phillips in his char
acter of uncompromising Abolitionist.
Y/iiat it Costs tiif, Noiith to Keep the Re
publican Partv in Power. —A writer in the In
dianapolis Sentinel sums up dismally ike results
realized by the wonderful four years’ fren
zy of its nation—“ More than a million oil men
lost by death or permanent disability"—more
than a million of right hands lost to the indus
try of the countiy for evermore—“A debt of
ever three thousand millions of dollars”—a
debt, be it remembered, which will never be
paid : being so much, in short, of the whole
wealth of the land wasted and destroyed, whiie
she industry which alone could create wealth
iu the future is crippled or fhrown away
“The whole country one vast penthouse”—
“Demoralization spreading like a leprous sore,”
■‘Dissolution of the frame work of society”
“Rascality and public plunder regarded and
rewarded as special virtue in officials”—and
finally, ‘‘Two Republican papers discussing
the question, whether in Washington there are
fifteen thousand lewd'women.” That there is
no one item of this dreadful catalogue in the
least exaggerated, we may be well assured; be
cause ail parties concur in making the same
representation.
Testaments ! — There are still many inquiries
of ns, as to where Scriptures may bo had for
soldiers. Vve are glad to be able to say, thpj,
the Bible Society of the Confederate £ 'Ares has
received lately several cases England,
and its officers will be hapj,y to meet the de
mand so long as the <?up;dy continu#3. Ad
dress G. M. ThTrv, Esq., Treas., Augusta, Ga.
—Christian Advocate.
The streets of Baltimore were barricaded
with carts, wagons, and lumber, during the
“siege,” °
COKKESI’CA 1) i A('BKTtVKi’i-.t:ieIUMVE
ll.lV!s.iiii) tSSCUETARY JISIiMUiGEB.
i in,. 'By Department, '*’■
liicnnoxn, June IS, 1801.
His Excellency the Fivsident—Sir : You
have been aw -.re, for several months pa-tt, of
my desire to withdraw from my present official
position, and of ti e mumas which restrained
me from so doing. With an earnest purpose
•vice of my country during
perils which surround her whatever fa
cilities I may possess, i had, nevertheless, per
ceived that the enormous burdens imposed on
the Treasury by a war cn eo vast a scale,
and the difficulty cf, astaining them, bad giv
en rise to discontent and to distrust in the
a Imini . :Y: v financial
department. To ibesc elements of dissatisfac
tion ivas added ano.'.koe, arising (from essential
differences in the plana submitted by the head
cf the department and those adopted hy Con
gress.
Iu riiis coocktion cf tilings, it would seem to
he -’ c been p r ;•• vto have resigned iny c-fiioe as
seen ns G.: g:c's Red ivpse.l its judgment
against the plans whkh I had submitted.
Two consider..'.: however, prevented. The
hrst was a rep : .: to any act which could
be luLoonstruou into an abandonment of a post
ot duty nssif-iii i! to n:o during a struggle in
which I felt that every cit:z?n owed to his
country whatever acriiiro or service was de
manded Oi him. Ihe financial plan which was
finally adopted by the last Congress had Mid
umvimin uatn i. r. e;ul r tho se.-sion. ltv.as
not matured until the iv;o hours n had restrict
ed rise matter to commit toes <4' conference,
and it became « 1 -w oniy on the lasi day of tho
session. The nuieisiucry v'. and. v.required
for its opcraiiiiu vras complex and extensive,
anil by is- i: : ■ the law just forty days
wore ailowed to carry it into complete' effect.
No nvw bead of the department, however com
petent, would have boon able to secure suffi
cient knowledge of office details in time to
have carried out the provisions of the Act. The
pul die good,'there; we, demanded tiiat I should,
not leave my post dnrivg this period.
The s • road ocu: iihre.iiun which prevented,
wivi the uiiv.liiiiignors to leave you, in opposi
tion u> > file.you honor bdthe with
sui.ii c r.lid '.nee r.s j 5 l.uve manifested, and
while ye w wehD m . fles were still taxed bj;
tiie great and vark and re spadsibUitijA attendant
upon the office in which Providence has placed
you.
J ' ’' *
These considerations now no longer govern.
The first is at an cud. The funding of the cur
rency has been in rly completed, and tho entire
mfthinery required by the plans of Congress for
taxes and finance Is now in full operation. No
public iu' io. tVi 1 1-u, rby my now giving
vciß-idcratiou
must yield to G ■■ c ; iv’u don that justice to my
self and the public requires me to insist on
your acrt.-pt.-u- • of the m..ignation which 1 now
tender, in •. j • ih.v \.-u will lie suceecfut
: ing BUdct esor \ hose jriews will Har
monize with tin fee of Oongi is, an . who may, cn
Hurt accm.ifl • fie V-i n.r a ; : c (none can be more
earnestly < •. IVe m I have been to do val
ua le servile to cur count: y. ,
1 confess, sir. that I cannot without deep
omotion separate 8. :; you ami my colleagues
in the Cabinet. Neither can Ido so without
bearing my testimony tii-d never in the ut
ie.!.::u t.YCuvin o’. G.mffdeniMl intercourse have
L heard one word oi m• ; siion indicating;
am.lit Imt a .;... and disinterested
desire to do w hat v -.)!•> b:..;) for our country.—
It had bfl; a ei. hope that *r ■ our official con
nection t • ••:•!< and, cur ecu;...ry would boilt
lull 1 in;•. ioi ihe pence and independence
for V. to; .e b.s paid so tv« dy a price, anil
that you. sir, would have jyd in the spec
tacle ol her iy :i-1 pro uUy, the only
reward you ... - the ecusoiess cates and
iub'ji.i devoted to her sen ice. Though this
may not now be, I shall not case iu private
life to give my wsrm co-oiH iaticn in whatever
may conduce to the consummation so ardent
ly desired.
I need scarcely odd, Mr President, that whilo
be relieved n as early a period us
may bopi; cticable, n.; serv’ccs remain freely
at your disposal until you shall have selected
my succoKor in tJ ir?.
With heartfelt ..-kcs for your health, liappt*
ness and prosperity. 1 nr. with the highest
respi if and esteem, y-.-ur o' ;• l out servant,
(Signed) G. G. Mejimixger.
BxuusKixn, Yv, June 21, 1804.
Dear Sie : I t . and ycur letter of tho
15til iqitont, gi.iiin-; bo pr oi.i, Von which you
deem ti;:.!. jus; Ire toycun-t-i. nod to the public
require:' you to uigo my acceptance oi your
resignation.
; -e;o med .s tT; - you expressed a desire
to r«tiv<>, for r. . ii yimr belief,
l ;! ’i- wo; ! bo promoted by the
appointment, ci aso . rr, whore views of
financial policy n< cyrued better than your own
adopted.* 1
< : ding tho
frciiMiry J.k> ;g the pending
ibT.y,l v.u.: iv.v , ‘,.\i any officer, how
evoce oo'mj'cfeat, must probably fail to escape
ihe amnla-nvc - tons <■; ih •' who uro read) to
attribute to ;u illicit i.t, o’ministration the ern
barrui-sineiito due to <’. T.-iency of resources
ami the want c: logi; I ;on best adapted to
the existing circumitar.v; ?.
The expeli :ip,< acquired by you in the or
gai:iz-fic:i; :■ drg tit of the department
could no: i;.j I;.-.in: ; . udy m lueed, and for
these ila . ! - ..ih and that tho general
we! faro would be ;..j )y affected by your
withdrawal that time. You have now, at
lea ’:c cun: ijlatK-u aa a fv.tisfeclion to know
thr.v you.- pc::: > ;al v .; were surrendered to
iff c<. ill event do not warrant mo in refusing
your renewed request that I should accept
your resignation. Tho i .ret you express at
the ;-I our official separation is sin
cerely shared by we.
I-ronr your ciilranee on tlic duties of your’*
ofiic.-. I have ob.-v.ved : rd appreciated the
cheerful an-! unremitting devotion of all your
; 08 1 > Ibe service, and do not fail
to reicenffier ti;,.t it was at the sacrifice of pri-
V'lto i.’ir.!::;.",'Jors t!;at you continued to fulfil
tiro a; duties of your post. The offer
you nre. your services until your cncccssor
con au -u-me o. ">«, U ; ;i ' L ; 10 . patriotic spir
;;y . :S V"' I '-' and * tbaukfiiily as it is gene*
rom.y tern.. iT-.1. < At ub » wly a period as prac
licu Iv:!, esiuaavor to c^ o| ,; y wi(h your
request to oe relieved.
V/ith my _ grateful acknowlcdgmfc«Jq f o r
your par! ;> si- tance, nrd ; or y our very kt«,i
(‘xpreesiers of personal regard, be assured of
tho cordial erlccm with which lam your friend,
(Signed) Je;terson Davis.
lion. G. G. Memvingxr, Secretary Confed
erate States Treasury, Richmond, Va.
Running the Churcjjr; in Natchez. —The fol
lowing is an extract from a special order is
sue/! at Natchez a few days ago:
The Colonel commanding this District, hav
ing been officially notified that the Pas
tors of many Churches in this city neglect to
make any public recognition of allegiance to
ike Government u idcr which they live, and to
y/!dch they are indebted for protection; and
■' -to' , ; i;, i V( <'[<]'.. ■ foiTii of prayer for
“The President <4 ihe United States and all
others is authority,” prescribed by tiie ritual
in some churches, and by established custom
nr others, has been omitted in the stated serv
ices of church's of all denominations; it is here
by ordered that hereafter, the ministers of
: uch ehoMJhcsJwm.’iy have the prescribed form
ot prayer for the President of the United States
shall reed the same at each and every service
hi whi< h it. is required by the rubrics, and
ihal those ci oihei which have
HO such form, shall on like occasions pro
nounce a prayer appropriate to the limes, and
expressive of a proper spirit toward the Chief
Magistrate oH-he United States.
Any minister failing to comply with these
orders will be immediately prohibited from
exercising tho functions of his office in this
city, and render himself'liable to be sent be- '
yond the lines of the United Slates forces, at
tho discretion o f tho Colonel Commanding.
The Provost Marshal is charged with the
execution of this order.
A Strong-Minded Woman with Lincoln.—
Miss Ann E. Dickinson, one of the strong mind
ed women of Yankecdom, lectured in Boston
recently. She was very Severn on the Ad
mlmstiatior, and especially on the President.
She caricatured his person and dress, and
gave this account of her interview with him,
as the Boston Courier reports her :
He said-to her : “They tell me yon are on.
my side. I want to know how is it?” She
told him what was in her thoughts and pj ta( j
for jti.dice for the negro. The President an _
swered her with, “That reminds of a ’.otic ctr,
ry.” ‘‘X did', erne to bear stor^ 3| ” „p]i&
the manlen fair, but into. “I c . aa read b ' etter
ones m the papers any day ‘ <nan vou can te]l
me.” This shut the tail okfir „ ' He showed
her his correspondent , vith B J k and b ,
Vv vrrum ' akH ; of the
te r ! V- , tasked her what
j -.ought*of the p’an of reconstruction in
—oukiana. She replied, “sir, I think it all
wrong; p.3 radically bad as can be.” The ITcs
iee;it then palavered her—“sugar plummed •
‘‘-r’.’ —Loup. Miss Dkkkiaon’s own phrase,
tmitr.g nor t .0 could talk better then he, and
so forth; and he remarked, in concluding this
conversation, “All I can say is, if the radicals
wrtnt n j to lead, let them get out \of the way"
and let me lead.” “When lie said that, said
Miss Dickinen, “Icame out and remarked ta
a friend—“l have spoken my last word to
President Lincoln.”