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In extend the i ll irler lilt in’ Believes a National Bank dangerous and unconstitutional. 1816. Advocates the “AMERICAN SYS TEM.” Violent Tariff and internal Improve ment man. 1828. He is opposed to the same. 1832. He declares the Tariff’ unconstitu tional, and resorts to NULLIFICATION. 1836. December 30. According to the Globe, he tries to set his “ old hobby.” the “ American System.” on its legs again. 1834. Expresses bitter hostility to the “A merican System,” even to its “ remnants.” 1828. Strong friend to the General Andrew Jackson. 1834. Violent enemy of General Jackson and Martin Van Bureri, and acts with the Whigs in opposition. 1837. Takes a position to “ hold his allies in check,” and “ cover his enemy,” because Whig victories were not likely to “ inure” to lus per sonal benefit 1820. Gives casting vote as Vice President, for Mr. Kendall as Fourth Auditor. 1832. Calls Mr. Amos Kendall very hard names. 1838. “ Counter-marches” and mollifies. 1831. Gave casting vote as Vice President, to recall Mr. Van Buren from England. 1837. Horrified by bis election to the Presi dency, and scorned to be present at the Inaugu I'OR CONGRESS. For changing the Vote in ’ “ “ ‘ times of holding the 1830, anti-van ntTKEN ticket. van huhen TICKET. Sessions of the for ’ ‘ V ~ j 1 LEGISLATURE. GOVERNOR. sIS | | t COUNTIES. . a • ‘ | . c ! c . i ..si ‘ ‘ s ’Hs®sSlwo‘cs£l*'t.'SiSip'S,E 2 5 % % g I *| i | | • M 1 ~ |I f S 1 | § ANNUAI ” BI ‘ ENNIAL - | so 2_J | O O O tel ©! ft, ft,_ £ O Appling - - 100: i()(); 9Sj 97 99[ 103 1001 102 102 115! 115 117 115 115 112 114 111 114 2 Baker -- - 201 201 j 201 201 199 200; 1991 199 202 2391 240 239 239 240 240 240 242 240 07a l^fi Baldwin - - 337 341; 3371 337 343 334| 330 j 342 334 3151 322 326 323 321 324 318 317 322 520 22 o;(q 27s Bibb -- - - 660 680 072 67.1 670 677 j 675 687 071 674, 080 678 670 607 600 609 669 670 42 554 n 4 , )(i Bryan -- - 89 89 80; 80j 89 89 89 89 89 35 33 30 30! 36 33 33 33 30 7 ,j () Bulloch - - 7 7 71 _ 8 37, 7 7| ‘ 369! 369 365 369 369 365 369 359 373: 313 0,0 ‘7 Burke -- - 532 5181 523 j 529 527 520 523 531 529 272f 250 287 271 256 257 257 264 255 125 388 ii, u. Butts -- - - 232 234 233 232 232 232, 233 231 228 393; 392 394 392 390 390 390 292 390 w > IHQ Camden - - 189 189 190 190 189 185, 190 189 187 227 225 228 227 226 226 227 043 226 uv ion Campbell - - 200 202 202 200 199 200 199 196 199 520 524 530 530 528 526 525 527 527 4 ai’ 16 Carroll -- - 266 268 266 257 276 275 256 267 253 450 459 450 451 454 460 458 456 454 ■ r.o H 2 0n Cass -- - - 493 506 496; 490 506 486 489 495 491 660 658 657 660 657 660 664 661 664 1 7 n 6 4*l Chatham - - 458 560 557 560 561 551 556 559 557 631 627 530 631 624 624 627 624 636 oo ft oc ft Chattooga - - 212 213 214 212 210 213 211 211 211 267 270 268 268 267 269 267 268 280 oo 8 i(ja Cherokee - - 358 366 358 354 363 353 361 361 358 505 506 512 504 504 503 507 505 505 o fi Clark -- - - 624 637 622 622 622 621 625 624 615 354 350 352 359 375 352 347 344 346 0 7 ., 7 qa Cobb -- - - 418 425 416 408 411 409 407 414 408 684 687 687 686 686 688 688 686 681 n 7 q Columbia - - 478 480 478 477 479 480 479 478 478 272 272 271 274 274 273 273 273 273 2V > q 74 Coweta -- - 680 687 690 679 684 6g4 672 686 683 684 680 683 654 652 679 682 682 682, 71 q r,- n Crawford - - 418 419 4171 416 419 420 417 420 419 447 457 446 448 451 451 457 449 452 53 245 47 q o 7r Dade -- - - 23 2 3 22 23 23 23 23 23 23 146 137 147 145 137 135 147 139 137 l; >q ‘’.>4* Decatur -- - 494 405 404 402 404 403 404 405 405 246 244 248 248 243 244 245 245 244 ‘ 253 163 2 a n T n DeKalb - - 629 636 630 618 625 620 616 622 623 754 753 750 753 750 753 757 752 754 1 36 925 4 fir> Dooly---- 226 22S 224 227 228 226 2 2S 227 229 329 334 331 330 332 228 332 328 333 36 408 n’ nft ]T7 Early- -- - 242 241 238 241 241 240 241 241 241 355 356 352 354 355 350 354 362 355 o fin Effingham-- 173 173 173 173 173 172 170 173 172 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 77 140 Elbert -- - 904 911 910 908 911 910 903 910 911 132 125 132 133 125 126 126 125 124 23 727 7Q q„= Emanuel - - 130 13l 122 134 127 126 i24 127 124 176 170 177 170 160 154 167 145 163 . j/, Fayette -- - 40S 408 405 405 409 404 406 409 407 544 546 539 543 544 543 544 543 543 477 2 flfi Floyd -- - 270 271 271 270 271 270, 2 62 270 270 285 295 284 254 293 293 307 295 295 r( q i ßfl Forsyth - - 319 323 315 316 319 317 316 319 317 513 513 512 5131 513 513 513 513 513 4 i 7 2 98 Franklin - - 432 441 434 431 43s 433 433 436 436 Sl7 Sl3 815 815 SO9 809 814 810 811 qoq 3/10 Gilmer -- - 84 87 84 83 84 83 84 84 84 340 340 340! 33© 340 338 341 341 340 Ln 7q Glynn -- - 111 H3 110 110 111 114’ no! 110 110 .26 26 29 28 28 24 24 24 30 .V, Greene -- - 839 860 850 807 857 854 ©4or 855 856 97 93 90 106 95 94 91 <JI 91 8 319 7 i 7an Gwinnett - - 707 713 706! 7021 704 701 [ 703! 708 704 682 682 679 680 689 680 688 687 683 filq no Habersham - 340 350 345; 846) 347 344; 344; 344 344 808 803 810 802 804 803 811 809 804 : J>4 3a, Hall -- - - Hancock - - 472 476 4(4! 4,1 i 472 472; 469 474 , 47 1 259 ! 253 262 24© 257 255 252 254 254 ,!!, „, 7r Harris -- - 93 ' J 945 93 j 936, 945 944, 936 944 942 386| 371 391 386 372 375 377 373 372 7 q.1 Heard -- - 3 : 9 822 3 : 9 : 329 830 j 328 328 j 327 375 , 376 371 374 376 376 370 375 ‘376 2 64 Henry --- 856 803 800. 854 852 853 856 855 779 785 781 782 783 788 788 784 784 39 1407 L... fi ,q Houston - - 970 633 667: 671, 671 669 667 667 606 64 S 619 620 617 619 618 621 619 620 ~’r * l ~0 Irwin -- - - _ 63 63] 60 60 58 54 60 60: 70 189 187 187 188 187 186 191 190 188 ~-L , Jackson -- - 549 548! 547 5471 547 546 544 5451 547 562 564 956 569 572 563 563 562 563 . nr Jasper -- - 009 514 511 007 511 507 510 512 509 510, 512 511 509 512 512 513 513 512 4,,! Jefferson - - 439 439 436 403 439 437: 43a 440 438 95[ 95 99 9©] 93 94 94 94 94 90 231 ‘ lna d .- r Jones -- - - 309 500, 487: 502 499 498 497 503 499 456 461 458 456! 461 449 460 461 457 / 17 Laurens - - 443 443 441: 443 442 443 442 443 443 5 2 7 ; 4| 1 2 2 2 2 168 202 7S n Lee --- - - 392 393 ao3i 304 392 302 302 303 304 158 151 153 152i 159 153 153 153- 153 217 2 .,<! Liberty -- - 152 1 53, 149 154 154 155 351 153 153 121 115 116 121 118 118 119 ns 118 ~a~ iqq Lincoln - - 293 294 295 294 294 294 294 294 294 152 146 152 162 149 151 150 i SO 147 40 140 044 Lowndes - - 443 411 447 4H 412 41 3 412 413] 415 117 123 121 1231 127 125 129 229 129 89 150 224 o,q Lumpkin - - 293 316 294 291 295 292 294 291 292 740 755 745 748! 756 756 761 757 756 16 523 24 q Macon -- - 359 359 356 359 358 357 357 358 358 307 312 312 312, 311 308 311 310 308 46 260 ..., 7 24 '^ Madison--- 326 3251 324! 324 326 325 324 326 325 298 297 296. 297 297 297 297 297 297 8 386 oj,q o 7 q Marion -- - 359 359 j 356! 357 358 357 357 35S 358 307 312 312 312 3JI 308 311 310 308 004 300 Mclntosh - - 100 102 j 499 | l” 1” I” 100 100 100 14fi’ 145 146 145 145 143 145 145 146 42 130 jo B 119 Meriwether- 735 741, 741] 730 732 733 736 742 | 731 7871 777 788 790 778 774 779 776 775 204 1062 7 q r . fi7 i Monroe--- 814 822] 822] 820 822 819 818 825 818 730 736 730 633 732 732 734 730 733 802 671 Montgomery 202 202 202, 202 202 202 202 202; 202 7 5 7] 7 6> 6 6 5 gl 242 Morgan--- 483 494, 481, 479 482 480 481 487: 480 323 31a 322 330 320 320 3 20 ‘320 321 52 33 300 4fi n Murray--- 234 212 234 235 235 23© 234 23 © 233 482 483 482 481 453 484 4 91 474 477 772 < .Muscogee-- 963 971 ] 907 1 965 969 976 959 967] 964 837 83J 8 31 846 825 852 822 828 825 850 861 Newton--- 060 971 1 963 903 962 906 959 972 j 966 395 390 398 398 390 386 388 388 388 467 850 Oglethorpe - 604 612 ! 608 606 909 007 604 609 007 432 134 132 132 135 434 135 .435 435 56 64 104 47 q Paulding--’ 249 248| 244 245 246 247 243 246! 946 263 262 263 263 262 262 262 267’ 269 231 046 Pike -- - - 325 332 l 330 33 0 527 527 526 523] 528 625 627 626 626 627 6 27 626 626 627 * 499 qiq Pulaski -- - 209 2131 214 214 212 214 210 211! 217 314 309 312 315 306 344 340 Putnam -- - 440 448 448 44R] 450 444 446 454 445 342 324 350 346 323 393 325 3 22 326 245 504 Rabun -- - 27 27 26 26] 25 26 26 25) 28 314 314 314 3 1 4 344 314 313 315 313 995 14 Randolph - - 543 544 542 541] 544 542 540 5411 543 593 587 591 592 586 533 584 584 584 122 518 59a 490 Richmond-- 894 900 805 806 , 001 897 893 894 894 491 495 495 501 481 494 494 492 497 56 61 3 72 449 Scriven -- - 1“5 174 173 179 174 174 172 174 174 234 235 238 237 232 233 233 234 233 62 174 134 2 11 Stewart -- - 890 893 BS9 SBS 890 390 887 890 890 783 774 775 775 773 773 772 771 772 703 751 Sumter -- . 441 414 447 447 445 439 446 449 450 372 367 370 371 366 3 67 362 365 366 148 850 3 qo 407 Talbot -- - 889 896 891 886 891 888 888 894] 890 816 818 818 828 814 817 814 816 815 855 787 Taliaferro - 396 102 396 400 400 400 396 402 401 59 52 00 00 52 52 50 52 52 27 443 33 4U Tattnall - - 250 250 259 258 250 241 250 237 250 23 23 21 24 23 23 23 23 22 3 145 jj 8 075 Telfair -- - 157 101 IS3 187 IS9 JB9 187 188 191 131 131 132 131 128 129 130 129 * 129 40 102 139 i 74 Thomas - . 444 434 440 417 442 440 440 442; 443 145] 149 | 4 6: 145 HO 141 136 140 141 203 312 Troup -- -U 22 1134 11251 1112 1127 7128 1116 1132} 1126 429 400 432 433 400 401 402 400 401 3 81 921 949 949 Twiggs -- . 379 380 377 377 379 J 378 376 382 385 420 419’ 424 1 423 417 416 417 419 418 34 264 491 327 Union -- - 94 96] 94 94 94 92 94 94 93 423 422 415 422 423 420 425 422 422 44 8 20 Upson --- 638 038 637 039 j 639 6-39 637 638 639 3101 312 311 308! 312 312 810 310 312 393 544 Walker - - 381 • 383; 382* .179 486 381 380 380 381 507 512 509 569 512 512 516 512 512 471 237 Walton - - 530 531 529 537, 528 527 528 530 527 678 677 680 681 680 682 681 680 680 623 442 Ware -- - 203 j 205 203 199 205 209 204 205 205 54 63 53 46 53 52 53 53 5l 2‘>s 7 Warren - - 582 586 582 582 582 582 582 585 582 337 336 337 336 334 334 337 336 334 317 429 Washington 584 583 581 590 584 582 579 582 583 521 516 521 517 516 517 516 515 519 514 583 Wayne - - 77 77- 76 78 76 83 75 75 78 80 78 SO 8© 78 78 76 77 78 3 103 109 20 Wilkes - - 463 464 426 461 464 464 462 465 465 383 380 387 384 378 377 379 379 379 24 437 361 426 Wilkinson - 494 467 463 465; 469 464 465 469 466 50S 503 503 500 ( ! 504 504 509 505 506 490 391 39275 39619 39306 39254 39379 39257 39414 39399|39297 35496 353t9 35562 35560 35537 35311 36417 35291 36362 34634 32801 ’ 1 i ration. Globe said, the “ face of CATALINE was not seen on the occasion. 1838. “ Struck by an idea,” and swears alle giance to Mr. Van Buren. 18137. September 1. Started for Washington an anti-Sub-Treasury man, and opposed to a re peal of the Distribution Act. 1832 —7. Denounced by Ihe “ Globe” as conspirator against the liberties of his country, and designated “ CATALINE.” 1832—7. Denounces the “ Globe” as “ mon dacious and filthy,” “ vile and prostitute,” and its partisans as rogues and royalists. 1839. Tells Ins friends they MUST support the “Globe,” and gave it his influence to obtain the public printing. 1840. “ Officia Ij ” pronounced by the Globe something equal to a PATRIOT. 1840. January 1. Embracing Mr. Van Bu ren and the Editor of the Globe, and soon after announces, in the Senate, a coalition between himself and them. 1840. Opposed to General William Harri son for the Presidency. 1841. Predicivm— ADVOCATES PRESI DENT HARRISON’S MEASURES. 1842. OPPOSED TO THE SUB-TREA SURY. 1844. Retires from public life. From the Richmond Whig. The Editor of the Enquirer, one night during the present week, read to the Van IE LIE©Y [I © M S3 E T OJJ IS IM ©, 1 8 4 0. Buren Association in the city, a “cheering letter” from Ohio, stating that that State would vote for V. B. by 12,000. To make out this majority the writers stated, that they were certain of the 5000 Abolitionists in the State, who, although on Federal pol itics, they were whigs, would vote for Van Buren, because of their strong oppo sition to General Harrison’s pro-slavery views ! We do not undertake to give the lan guage of the letter ; but wc give its sub stance, as reported to us by one of the most respectable gentlemen of the city, who was present and heard the letter read. The Editor, he says, appeared to have caught himself-—he read farther than, from his manner, it seemed, he designed doing, and thereby let the secret out before he was a ware of what he was about. When he dis covered his tripping, ho hesitated a mo. ment, but finding he had gone too fur to re trace It is steps, “O we have no secrets here,” said he. This letter has not vet been published in the Enquirin'. This important fact of a thorough coalition between the Abolitionists and the Administration, will be carefully Withheld from the readers of that print.— This is not all—while this fact is suppress ed, there is not a column in that paper, which does not directly or indirectly charge the Whig? with coalescing with the Aboli tionists. We call the attention of the people of the South'to this whole affair:—First to the suppression that proves that the people can not safely rely upon the organs of this par ty for the whole truth, and that too upon a subject of some moment to them. The Feds are in direct league with the Aboli tionists—(one of themselves betrayed the secret) —they conceal the fact, and charge the Whigs with being guilty of the same crime, which the? themselves have already perpetrated. Again we ask attention to the concession in this letter ; that although the Abolitionists arc Whigson general pol itics, yet so odious to them, are Gen. Harri son’s anti-Abolition sentiments, that they are willing to sacrifice their political prin ciples to subserve their abolition machina tions by voting for Van Buren. Can a stronger evidence of the Abolition ism of this Administration !—be adduc ed ? But, although the Abolitionists and Feds arc thus combined in favor of the advocate of Free Negro suffrage, and Negro Testi mony against white men, —we are strong ly persuaded, that all their efforts will prove unavailing. The true Democracy of Ohio is powerful enough to put to flight this corrupt combination of corrupt /lien. We call upon the Editor ofthe Enquirer to publish the letter above referred to. It is a matter in which the whole South feel an interest, and they have aright to know, in the very words in which it has been com municated, the existence ofthe conspiracy against their peace and safety. The Letter ! The Letter ! The Letter ! ANTI-VAN BUREN TICKET. FOR PRESIDENT : WILLIAM H. HARRISON. FOlt VICE PRESIDENT : JOHN TYLER. H!L[l©T©E§ i , (Os President, and Vice President.) ELECTION ON THE SECOND OF NOVEMBER. GEORGE R. GILMER, of Oglethorpe, Gf.n. IHJNCAN L. CLINCH, of Camden, Col. JOHN W. CAMPBELL, of Muscogee, Maj. JOEL-CKAWFORD. of Hancock, CHARLES DOUGHERTY, oj Clark, SEATON GRANTLAND, oj Baldwin, Gen ANDREW MILLER, of Cuss, Gen. W. VV. EZZARD. of De Kalb, C. B. STRONG, of Hiht>, JOHN WHITEHEAD, of Burke, Gen. E. WIMBERLY, of Twiggs. (lilnlilication of Voters, FOR ELECTORS OF PRESIDENT AND VICE PRESIDENT. As there may be some misun derstanding as to the qualification of voters for Electors of President and Vice President, at the election on the Ist Monday in November, we think proper to publish the law declaring who shall he entitled to vote at that election. The amount of it is, that every one who could legally vote on the Ist Monday in October, can vote for Electors on the Ist Monday in November. The law can be found in Prince's Digest , pages 192-3. “ On the first Monday in November, 1828, and on the first Monday in Novem ber of every fourth year thereafter, an election shall be held throughout the State, at the several places of holding elections for Senators and Representatives in the General Assembly, for the purpose of choosing Electors of President and .Vice President ofthe United States ; which elec tions shall be opened and closed at the same hour and in the same manner, and shall be superintended and conducted by the same magistrates and officers, as by law shall be authorized to superintend and conduct the general elections of this State. “ At the said elections, every person en titled to vote for members of the General Assembly, or Representatives to Congress, may vote for a number of persons equal to the whole number of Representatives and Senators to which this State may be entitled in the Congress of the United States ; and that it shall be the duty of the Justices or Magistrates, presiding at the elections to be held under the authority, and according to the provisions of this act, to make immedi ate returns to the Governor ofthe State, of the result of said election ; which returns shall clearly exhibit the number of persons voting for Electors, the number of votes given in, the names of persons voted for, and the number of votes which each may have received. “ In counties where by law the votes for members ofthe General Assembly shall be given at different places, it shall be the duty of the persons presiding at the different dis trict elections to meet and consolidate the returns of the district elections, as by law required to be done at the general elections ; which consolidated returns, exhibiting the result of the elections, as required by the second section of this act, they shall imme diately forward to the Governor of this State.” COMMUJUICATIOm No. VI. It is admitted, by all parties, that the country is, and lias been for several years, in a state of great difficulty and embarrass ment—that trade and commerce, foreign and domestic, have been in a prostrate and paralyzed condition, and are still so—that domestic exchanges are. injuriously and ruinously dear ; that foreign are cut-off in a great measure, or similarly obtained— that tlie General Government lias been, and is still, almost in a state of bankruptcy —that we have no general currency of equal and uniform value—that our local currencies are in a state of ruinous depri ciation—and that all business and inter ests, public or private, are greatly de pressed, shackled and deranged. The limits judiciously allotted to a communica tion like this, would not permit me to trace out the mischievous cause of this state of tilings ; and also accomplish the main ob ject in view—viz., to point out briefly the constitutionality and utility of a United States Bank, and the dangerous, impracti cable, aristocratic nature and characterof the Sub-Treasury, or Independent Trea sury, as it is called. But I believe it sus ceptible of the clearest demonstration, that they are traceable to the unwise, profli gate, and unstatesman-like acts of the pre sent, and immediately preceding Adminis trations of the General Government. The destruction of the late Bank of the United States has been the main cause. The re moval of the Government deposites from that Bank—the selection ofthe State Banks as fiscal agents of the Government—the Specie Circular—and the injudicious man ner of the distribution of the surplus reve nue among the States—have each largely contributed to swell the torrent of evils by which the country has been overrun and scourged. The two first, gave rise to the undue creation of State Banks, and their excessive issues—which were vastly in creased by the •final overthrow of the Bank ; the Specie Circular, oppressed the Banks at the East, by draining them of their coin, to circulate in the West, where it was not wanted, and for the purchase of, and to prevent improper speculations in the public lands—ostensibly to prevent all oppression ofthe poorer class of purchasers,* which objects it totally failed to accom-V plisli ; for there was an increase of sales, and the poor were deeply injured in conse quence of their inability, like the rich, to obtain the required gold and silver. But let the cause of the evils be what it may, the question now is, how can they be bes 4 ami soonest removed ? One class of our citizens believe that this desirable object can lie earliest and best effected by a United States Bank ; another class, by the Sub-Treasury scheme. Let us briefly test the constitutionality and utility of both. It is at once admitted, that the power to create a bank is not expressly given to Congress, but that it is incidental to other powers that are so granted. In the eighth section, first article, of the Constitu tion, we find the following : “ The Congress shall have power— “ To lay and collect taxes, duties, im posts, and excises to pay the debts, and provide for the common defence, and gene ral welfare of the United States; but all duties, imposts, and excises, shall be uni form throughout the United States : ****** “ To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian tribes : ****** “ To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures.” After the enumeration of the above powers, together with others not here quoted, tlie eighth section closes as follows : (The Congress shall have power—) “ To make all laws which shall be ne cessary and proper for carrying into exe cution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government ofthe United States, or in any department or officer thereof.” It is, then, the duty of Congress to make “ all duties, ‘imposts, ”&c.,uniform through out the United States. Can this be done by unregulated local currencies ? Compared with the value of silver, the currency of Georgia may be from 5 to 20p.c. below par ; while that of New York would probably be either at par or very little below it. The payer of taxes and duties, then, in Georgia, is by no means upon an equal footing with the tax or duty-payer in New York. How will this equality be brought about t Will the requisition of gold and silver, as'ander the Sub-Treasury law, answer ? By no means ! For while the New Yorker would obtain the silver for paper at par, or a dis count of lor 1J per cent.; the Georgian must pay from 15 to 20 per cent., should the currencies of the two States differ in value as above. Here, then, is one argu ment for a United States Bank ; for that will afford a currency of equal value, or nearly so, in New York and Georgia—and by the use of its bills, the duties will be nominally and actually equal in both States. 1 understand by tlie terms “ necessary and proper,” that Congress shall only resort to incidental means in cases in which its powers cannot be wisely and judiciously carried out without them. No one would deny that the Government could goon with out a bank, and with the inequality in the payment of its dues ; but does not reason and common sense dictate that the framers of the Constitution intended to confer such powers as would enable Congress to carry on tlie Government, and execute the objects for which it was created, to the best advan tage for itself, and for the general good of the country. Again : in regulating the commerce of the country, it becomes ne cessary to establish a Bank. Why ? Be cause the States do not and cannot afford a general currency of uniform value. Will any one deny that such a currency is essential to prosperous commerce ; that it is, in fact, its life’s-blood. One of the most urgent reasons for the establishment of the present Constitution, was owing to the crippled state of our commerce, under tlie old Articles of Confederation. The local currencies were so different in value in the different States, and their measures and restrictions so diverse and discordant, that one of two things had to be done— either give to a General Government the power to create a general and uniform cur rency, and to regulate commerce, or dis solve the Union. Now, if the States cannot give such a currency—and the General Government cannot, because it does not possess the power —then the most important object to be effected by the new Constitu tion lias failed to be accomplished. In the language of Mr. Calhoun, in 1816 : “ Tlie only object the framers of the Con- ( stitution could have in view, in giving to Congress the power 1 to coin money, regu late the value thereof, and of foreign com merce,’ must have been to give a steadiness and fixed value to the currency of the United States.” Vl “ The state of things at the time of the adoption of the Constitution afforded Mr. Calhoun an argument in support of his construction. He said— “ There then existed a depreciated currency, which could only be regulated, and made uniform, by giving a power for that, purpose to the General Government. The States could not do it.” “ He argued, therefore, taking into view the prohibition against the States issuing bills of credit —that there was a strong pre sumption, this power was intended to be ex clusively given to Congress.” Just in the same way that Congress exercises the dental powers in reference to the erection of light houses and the shipping of the country, may it create a Bank. The two first are useful to a prosperous commerce ; the last, more so —because its affords the