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RAIN.
The lato extraordinary descent of rain in
this vicinity has awakened some specula
tion upon the amount that has sullen—the
amount that usually fails during tho vear,
and also upon the method of making accu
rate calculations on these several points.
A few hints on this subject may not bo un
interesting to our readers. In the first placo
it may be stated, that modern discoveries
ami improvements have brought it as com
pletely within our power, to measure the
am >unt of moisture in the atmosphere, the
amount that is precipitated to the earth In
the form of rain, mist or dew, as it is to as
certain the temperature of the air by the
thermometer, or its density and volume by
the barometer. The simplest form of the
Ilain-Gauge is the following—a funnel
made of tin or copper with an open area of
exactly ten inches square—the neck of the
funnel to be inserted in a bottle, the weight
of which when dry and empty is accurately
known. The quantity of rain caught by
tiiis simple contrivance, is ascertained by
multiplying its weight in ounces by the
number 173. Tlie'product will give the
depth of rain in inches and tenths or deci
mals of an inch. In the use of this or any
other gauge, care should be taken to have
the rain fall into the aperture of the funnel
unobstructed, and also without augmenta
tion in quantity by spray arising from the
rain’s striking upon any surrounding object.
Tho tops of buildings are on this account,
best adapted to such investigations. When
quantities of rain collected in this manner,
at different places, are to bo compared, the
gauges should be fixed at the same eleva
tion above the earth at each place.
The quantity of rain that falls in the
year is greatest at the equator, and dimin
ishes as the latitude increases. For in
stance, in a table before us, we find in a la
titude 12 deg. North, the average annual
quantity to beset down at 120 inches—in
latitude 65 deg. North at only 13J inches.
We do not remember to have seen any esti
mate of the probable quantity that falls an
nually in this vicinity, though it is proba
ble in the neighborhood of 60 inches.
Another curious fact obtains in relation
to the descent of rain in different parallels
of latitude—it is, that the number of raining
days at the equator is least, and increases
as the distance towards the poles- increa
ses. The mean number of rainy days from
latitude 12 deg. to 43 deg North, has been
estimated at 79, during the year, from 43
deg. to 40 deg. to 50 deg. 134, and from
50 deg. to 60 deg. 161. All these facts af
ford interesting subjects of study and ex
periment, and if this brief allusion to them
has the effect of turning the attention of a
single individual from the more grovelling
pursuits of earth to the investigation of na
ture’s sumblime, but often mysterious ope
rations, our purpose will have been fully
accomplished. Mobile Adv.
Insanity of the Negro Race—Startling
Facts. —An article in a late magazine, on
the subject of the census of 1940, establish
es, trorh tne statistical returns, some very
important and curious facts as to the rela
tive condition, moral and physical, of our
African population, free and slaves. It
seems that in Ohio, Indiana, ami Illinois,
(free state:;,) the proportion of the insane
among the colored population is one in
eighty.eight; while in Virginia and Mary
land. 5 is one in one thousand two hundred
and • nety-nine. A still more tern de in
equai 1 •• exhibits itself in the older north
ern states, where the negro has been loni;rr
free. In Massachusetts, Maine, Nev
Hampshi: and Vermont, the colored in
sane arc o -is v.four. If the propor
tion were as,. ‘among the whites of the
same States, there would he, in these four
States, 35,030 lunatics. Maine, it seems,
lias even a more shocking disproportion—
one in every fourteen of her black popula
tion being insane. Massachusetts has a
white population about equal to that of Vir
ginia. Had she an equal black one, she
would, upon the ratio which hold., there,
have 11,000 lunatics, for whose accommo
dation she would be obliged to lay out a
bove nine millions in building asylums,
and to incur an annual charge for their
maintenance of about $1,740,000 —proba-
bly some four or five times the present en
tire expense of her state government.
The facts as to the decay of the black
population in the free States, and the enor
mous prevalence of crime among them in
comparison with the whites of the same re
gion, are equally striking. The whole pic
ture is appalling, and must, wherever men
will consent to look at simple fact, afford a
perfectly decisive argument as to the fit
ness of that unhappy race for freedom, and
the benefits which it confers upon them and
the communities in which they are found.
New- York Aurora.
FEMALE INFLUENCE AND ENER
GY.
I have observed that a married man fal
ling into misfortune is more apt to retrieve
his situation in the world than a single one;
chiefly because his spirits are soothed and
relieved by domestic endearments, and his
self-respect kept alive by finding that, al
though all abroad be darkness and humili
ation, yet there is still a little world of love
ofwhicli he is monarch. Whereas a sin
gle man is apt to run lo waste and self neg
lect; to fancy himself lonely and abandon
ed, and his heart to fall to ruins, like some
deserted mansion, for want of an inhabi
tant. I have often had occasion to mark
the fortitude with which women sustain the
most overwhelming reverses of fortune.—
Those disasters which break down the spir
it of a man and prostrate him in the dust,
sseems to call forth the energies of the softer
£fex, and give such intrepidity and eleva
tion to their character, that at limes, it ap
proches to sublimity. Nothing can be more
touching than to behold a soft and tender
female, who had been all meekness and de
pendence, and alive to every trivial rough
ness, while treading the prosperous path of
life, suddenly rising in mental force to be
the comforter and supporter of her husband
under misfortune, abiding with unshrink.
ing firmness, the bitterest blast of adversi
ty. As the vine which has long twined its
graceful foliage about the oak, anil been
lifted by its sunshine, will, when thi- hardy
plant-is rifted by the thunderbolt, cling I
round it with oarrcssing tendrils, and hind j
up its shall’ red • ; so is it beautifully •
ordered by Providence that woman, who is
the ornament and dependant of man in his
happier hours, should be his stay and solace
when smitten with sudden calamity, win
!i ut h rself into the rugged recesses of h.is
1.1 , i tendeily supporting the drooping
Ii ad, and binding up the broken heart.
Washington Irving.
IRISH HUMOR.
The New York Mirror gives a pleasant
sketch of a shrewd Irishman named Dennis
FI. Doyle, who was many years ago a gro
cer and politician in New York. Dennis
and his Irish friends were then opposed to
the Tammany men, because the Tamma
ny men were then opposed to Clinton and
the canal. The following anecdotes illus
trates Dennis’ capacity to fend offund give
as good as is sent, when assailed in a ten
der point:
Dennis was invited to attend the celebra
tion of the opening of the railroad at Sche
nectady, and at the dinner table he sat op
posite the member of Assembly from Alba
ny county. In the course of conversation,
this gentleman said to him, “I believe Mr.
Doyle, you have been for two or three
years past a leading member of the nomi
nating committee at Tammany Hall ?”
“I have, sure enough.” replied Dennis,
“ and what of that ?”
“ How comes it, then,” asked he, “ that
for the last two vears, you have sent us
such a fool as Mr. ? The fellow
has no brains ; he never opens his lips, and
scarcely knows how to vote !!”
“ Why,” said Dennis, “ we send him on
thrue republican principles /”
“ How so ?” enquired his friend.
“Sure you know,” replied Dennis, “the
Constitution says, all classes are to be fair- !
ly represenred : and, faith, I think, if we
only send one fool out of thirteen members,
to represent all the fools in New York, we
hardly do them justice !”
The answer was perfectly satisfactory ;
and some people are still of tho opinion that
the same constitutional requirement has been
adhered to bv both parties even to this day !
At the last election in tlie city at which
Dennis voted, previous to his retirement to
the country, one of the challengers at the
poll, who happened to be an American born
challenged his vote, on the ground that he
was a foreigner.
“ A foreigner !” exclaimed Dennis indig
nantly ; liav’nt l been here for forty years
and faith, I’m abetter American than you,
after all !”
“ A better American than me ?” retorted
the other, “ how can you make that on: ?”
“ Oh, aisv enough,” coolly replied D. n
ri; “ didn't ( come into this country, with
a good coat, waistcoat, and leather breech
es on me ; but by my soul, you came into
it without even a shirt lo your hack !”
Me was permitted to vote without taking
the oath, amidst the roans of the. company.
A DOLLAR A DAY AND FOUND.
A gentleman who resides in the vicinity
of the city, and whose eatly mornings are
devoted to the culture of a garden which is
attached to his house, finding himself some
what behind hand in his horticultural de
partment this spring, accosted a tidy look
in;; Irishman, who was passing his gate one
morning, with the inquiry if he “would
like a job ?” “ Shure, sir, and it’s that
same I’m looking afther,” said Paddy in a
rich brogue, which won upon the heart of
him by whom he was addressed, and who
immediately replied; “ i shall want you
four days ; what wages do you ask for ?”
“Why, sir,” replied the son of Erin, “as
I live a good hit away from this, and my
going home for males will bother me day’s
work, while an exthra month atver honor’s
kitchen table is nothing at all, I’ll just come
for a dollar a day and you shall find me /”
This was agreed to ; and, and as Pat had
[ ids rent to pay the next day, and wanted
! something for tho chi/ders, the gentleman
paid him four dollars on the spot, and. the
work was to commence the next day. The
next day, however, and the next, and then
the whole four days passed by, and Pat was
never seen at the garden or the gate !
It might have been a month after the oc
currence above related took placo, when
the parties meeting by accident in the
street, Pat was accosted by his former em
ployer in an angry tone with—
“ Well, sir, and why the devil did you
not come to work to me, according to your
agreement ?”
“Shure sir,” said the irishman, (with a
respectful twitch at the rim of his well worn
tile,) “ it’s meself that was ready to do my
part, of the bargain; but yer honor’s at
fault this time, anyhow.”
“ And pray how ?” asked the other.
“ It’s yourself’ill not deny yer honor a
greed to give me a dollar a day and fndme.
” And did’nt I give you a dollar a day,
and pay you before-hand, too ?”
“Thrue for you; yer honour did that
same ; ye did give me the dollar a day—
but, ve’s did’nt find tne !”
“ Find you, you scoundrel! I ransacked
every street in town ; but where the devil
were you ?”
“ Shooting at Muddy Pond Woods, yer
honor!”
The gentlpman gave Pat a dollar, and
told him to call at the garden when he
wanted work ; but to be sure to find him
self !—Boston Post.
- •
POPULATION OF IRELAND.
Ir. ;and oontainsonly 18,600 square miles
surface, wish at least a usual portion of
waste land. It contains about eight mil
lions inhabitants, or 436 to a mile. The
surface of the United States comprehends
a territory of 2,250,000 square miles, or a
bout one-twentieth part of the land surface
of the earth, and it lies in tho very heart of
ihe north temperate zone. The natural ten.
deucy of the Inipian .family is to spread e.
qually over the more fertile portions ofthe
globe, oilier things being equal • With our
system of free government', abundant, rich
and cheap lands, and extraordinary facili
itics for both lake and river navigation,
lion, which are capable ofsitstaining by far
the largest internal cbmmeree upon the
globe, it is evident that our population must
augment very rapidly from immigration a
lotie. Instead of opposing emigration, as
they have hitherto done, nearly all the
Governments of Eiuope are now taking
measures to aid their subjects to cross the
Atlantic and settle on the Western Conti
nent. This is an important fact, and, con
nected with the increased facilities for both
inland and ocean conveyance, cannot fail
to mark anew era in the settlement of this
comparatively wilderness country.
Buffalo Com. Advertiser.
THE LOCUST.
There appears to be quite a stir in the
papers on the subject of the return of the
seventeen year locusts the present season ;
but a diversity of opinion as to the year in
which they last appearance.—
The papers in one quarter announce posi
tively their coming this year; while others
assert that as their last appearance was in
1834, they will not be here until 1951
and soon. Now the position taken by a
writer in a Baltimore paper, strikes us as
the true one : It is, that, although the peri
odical visitation of tho locust is unquestion
able, yet it does not occur in every quarter
at the same time. In one district of coun
try, the return of seventeen years occurs
entirely distinct from other districts; and
we remember when in 1834 they appeared
in such numbers throughout this region, in
others, they failed to appear entirely.
The locust appeared here last year.
JOHN RANDOLPH.
I remember some years since to have j
seen John Randolph in Baltimore. I had
frequently read and heard descriptions of
him, and one day, as I was standing in Mar
ket now Baltimore street, 1 remarked a tall,
thin, unique looking being hurrying toward
me with a quick impatient step, evidently
much annoyed by a crowd of boys who
were following close to his heels, not in the
obstreperous mirth with which they would
have followed a crazy or drunken man, or
an organ grinder and his monkey, but in
the silent curious wonder with which they
would have haunted a Chinese bedecked in
full costume. I instantly knew the indi
vidual to be Randolph from the descriptions.
I therefore went toward him that I might
make a full observation of his person with
out violating the rules of courtesy in stop
ping to gaze at him. As he approached, he
occasionally turned toward the bovs with
an angry glance, but without saying any
thing, and then hurried on as if to outstrip
them ; but it would not do. They follow
ed close on behind the orator, each one said
nothing to his companions Just before I
met him he stopped a Mr. C., a cashier of
one oftbe banks, said to be as odd a fish as
John himself. 1 loitered in astore close by
unnoticed, remarked the Roanoke orator for
a considerable tim°, and really he was the
strangest looking being I ever beheld.
His long thin legs, about as thick as a
strong walking.cane, and of much such a
shape, were encased in a pair of tight small
clothes,, so tight that they seemed part and
parcel of the limbs of the wearer. Hand
some white stockings were fastened with
great tidiness at the knees by a small gold
buckle, and over them, coming about half
way up the calf, were a pair of what 1 be
lieve are called hose, and country knit. He
wore shoes. Thed were old-fashioned and
fastened only with buckles, huge ones.—
He trod like an Indian, without turning his
toes out, hut planking them down straight
ahead. It was the fashion in those days to
wear a fan-tailed coat with a small collar
and buttons far apart behind, and a few on
tile breast. Mr. Randolph’s were the re
verse of all this, and instead of his coat be
ing fan-tailed, it was what we believe the
knights of the needle call swallow tailed ;
the collar was immensely large, the but
tons behind were in kissing proximity, and
they sat together as close on the breast as
the feasters at a crowded public festival.—
His waist was remarkably slender; so
slender that, as he stood with his arms a
kimtio he could easily, as I thought, with
his long bony fingers, have spanned it. A
round him his coat, which was very tight,
was held together by one button, and in
consequence, an inch or more of tape to
which it was attached was perceptible where
it was pulled through the cloth. About his
neck he wore a large white ‘cravat, in
which bis chin was occasionally buried as
he moved his head in conversation ; no shirt
collar was perceptible; every other per
son seemed to pride himself upon his, as
they were worn large. Mr. Randolph’s
complexion was pecisely that of a mummy,
withered, saffron, efry and bloodless ; you
could not have placed a pin’s point upon
his face where you would not have torched
a wrinkle. His lips were thin,cornprtssed
and colorless; the chin, beardless as a
boy’s, was broad for the size of his face,
which was small ; his nose was straight,
with nothing remarkable in it except it was
too short. He wore a fur cap, which he
took off, standing a few minutes uncovered.
I observed that his head was quite small,
a characteristic which is said to have mar
ked many men of talent—Byron and Chief
Justice Marshall, for instance.
A Fighting Clergyman. —How the Rev.
Mr. Brownlow, editor of the Jonesborough
(Tenn.) Whig writes, our readers know,for
we gave some specimens of his composition
the other day- We can now inform them
how he fights. It will be remembered that
in one of the extracts we published the Rev.
gentleman recommends any person who
might assail him to make a sure lick, as he
would be down upon his assailant with the
arm of flesh if he got a chance. He was
assaulted, it seems, as he anticipated ; tuft
IpK 1
‘the Attacking party—there were three of
.them—did not make a sure lick, and the
gallant representative,of the church mili
tant thrashed them delightfully, and subse
quently had them bound over in the somof
$1,500 to appear and take their trial for
the outrage. So much for making war a
gainst the pulpit and the press.
N. Y. True Sun.
From the Providence Journal.
THE COW AND THE FIG’.
The laws of this State humanely provide
that neither a pig nor a cow shall be taken
on execution, in cases where the debtor has
but one. When the law was first propos.
ed, it read that the attaching officer should
in all cases “ leave one pig and one cow;”
but it was suggested that if the officer was
compelled to leave a pig and a cow with
every writ, the debtor would have quite an
advantage, and people who had neither cow
nor pigs, would get themselves sued on
speculation. So it was amended that the
constable should only leave the pig and the
cow in cases where he found them. A
creditor in the town of Burrillville had of
ten cast a most longing eye over his neigh
bor’s pig pen, where a fine fat hog, just rea
dy for the butcher’s knife, was luxuriating
in his daily increasing ponderosity. The
creditor held an execution which the hog
would just about satisfy, but the law for
bade him to take the only pig- Iu this di
lemma he went to the debtor, and with pre
tended coinmisseration for his poverty, of
fered him one of a litter of fine pigs, with
which his own pen had lately been replen
ished. The debtor with much gratitude,
accepted the generous offer; the pig was
sent over to him, and then he had two : tho
law was no longer in the way, and the fat
hog went to satisfy the execution.
POLITICAL,.
THE NEXT CONGRESS.
The next Senate of the United States
will consist of 25 Whigs and Mr. Rives,
and 23 Locos, there being two vacancies to
fill in Tennessee and one in Maryland.—
Should the Locos get those three members,
they would have a majority, or parties
would tie, Recording as Mr. Rives might
vote. But we think the chances are at this
time in favor of the Whigs having the next
Senate.
The States have elected members to the
next House of Representatives. Os the 85
members returned by these States, the Lo
cos have 67, the Whigs 18—Loco majority
49. In the last Congress, the Whigs had a
majority of 3in the above. It is clear e
nough. therefore, that the next House will
be given up to Tylerized Locofoeoism.
The remaining States elect their mem
bers to the House of Representatives as
follows :
Massachusetts, June 26, 4
Louisiana, Ist Monday in July, 4
North Carolina, Ist Monday in August, 9
Alabama, do. do. • 7
Mississippi, do. do. 4
Kentucky, do. do. 10
Indiana, do. do. 10
Illinois, do. do. 7
Tennessee, Ist Thursday in August, If
Vermont, Ist Tuesday in September, 4
Maine, 2d Monday in September, 7
Maryland, Ist Monday in October, 6
Michigan, do. do. 3
New Jersey, 2d Tuesday in October, 5
Pennsylvania, ando t do. 24
Ohio, do. do. 21
Rhode Island, undetermined.
138
During fifteen years, ending with tiie be
ginning of the next Congress, the Whigs
had possession of the General Government
but one month.
Springfield Republican.
MR. CALHOUN—THE SOUTH
CAROLINA ADDRESS.
The Members of the Calhoun Convention
which recently assembled in South Caroli
na, appear to have counted liberally on the
credulity or ignorance of their fellow citi
zens of the United States. The political
character which they give to Mr. Calhoun
is as pretty a fancy-sketch as could well
be drawn, and it is unfortunate for them
that the stern truths of history should so
completely destroy the fabric which they
have so laboriously and ingeniously
wrought.
Among other claims to Democratic favor
which Mr. Calhoun’sSouthCarolina friends
urged in his behalf, his consistent devotion
to what they term Democracy and enmity
to Federalism are most prominently en
forced. They say : “Few men have been
so efficient in saving the liberties of the
country from that most dangerous of all the
instruments of Federalism, a United States
Bank.” A singular feature in Mr. Cal
houn’s character is his proneness to change
and his pertinacity in denying that he has
changed. He will tell you to day that the
“late Bank of the United” States owed more
to him than any living man for its charter,”
and to-moßw he will, while supporting a
Sub-Treasury and denouncing a Bank,
very gravely inform the Senate of the Uni
ted States that he has “changed no relation,
political or personal.” Not only does Mr.
Calhoun seem to possess the power of con
vincing himself that he has been consistent
when he has been most fickle, but he seems
to have the ability of persuading his friends
to concur with him in opinion. He chan
ges, and they change with him. He swears
that he stands just where lie always stood,
and they asseverate most solemnly that
they have not moved one inch from the
ground which they originally occupied. It
is to this hullucination that we are to attri
bute the declaration in their address which
we have quoted above ; for history does
not contain a fact more firmly established
than that the late Bank ofthe United States
had no friend in the Union more “efficient,”
than Mr. Calhoun. We of this generation
do not more certainly know that George
Washington was the first President of the
United States, than we know that John C.
Calhoun was tne able, a (id (“effi
cient” advocate of fhi charier of the lute
Bank. He spoke in its behalf, reported
the hill for its charter, ami voted for it.—
That portion of Mr. Madison s message of
1810 which recommended a Bank to the at
tention of Congress was referred to a select
committee, of which “John Caldwell Cal
houn” was Chairman, and lie reported a
j hill fora charter so “efficient” that it pas
sed both Houses, and was, by the signature
| ofthe President, made the law ofthe land,
j Mr. John’Caldwell Calhoun voting for it
! How, in the face of these recorded facts,
I Mr. Calhoun’s friends can assert that few
j men have been so efficient as he in saving
the liberties ofthe country from that most
dangerous of all the instruments of Feder
alism, a United Slates Bank, we cannfit
conceive. Opposition to a National Bank
is comparatively anew feature in Mr. Cal
houn’s character. Three forths of his po
litical life were spent in the strenuous and
“efficient” advocacy of such an institution;
and if his life were prolonged for fifty years
to come, he could not act as efficiently a
gainst a Bank as he did act for the late hank.
As, then, he has changed his opinion, let
his friends in a spirit of candor and fair
dealing avow the change, and defend it as
best they can ; but, in the name of every
thing that is true, recorded and proved, let
them refrain from insulting the intelligence
of the country by asserting in a grave doc
ument that their favorite lias been “efficient
in saving the liberties of the country from
that most dangerous of all the instruments
of Federalism, a U. S. Bank.” By endea
voring to falsify the history ofthe country,
they not only do not promote their cause,
but they do it positive injury. They cause
the people to distrust them in every in
stance, so that if perchance they should
stumble on ihe tm li, th-ir statement will
bjuptto be discr; di id. That this will he
the case, we have the authority of that trite
but true maxim, which lias been establish
ed by the experience of the world, hut
which it is unnecessary hvre to repeat.
Peters hi: rg ‘u U lligencer.
From the Richmond Whig.
Since the pasi f the Tariff Bill, last
summer, the specie imported into ihe coun -
try has amounted to about 17 millions of
dollars; nearly 13 millions since the first
of Jan’ry, or more than 2 millions a month..
This is indubitably owing to the operation
of the Tariff. By means of that beneficent
measure, our count ry ceased in some de
gree to be flooded with the products of Eu
ropean labor, home industry was encoura
ged, and our people selling abroad more
than they consumed, brought back the bal
ance in hard dollars.
The Whigs may point with pride lo the
effects of this one measure of Whig roll* ? !
and in respect pasticularly to this matter of
the importation of specie. The Democra
cy labored for 12 years to “ better the cur
rency,”—which, at the beginning of their
experiments, was equal to specie; before
they got through with their experiments,
their bettered currency was worthless as
cast away rags. The experiment of im
porting specie, was one on which they es
; pecially prided themselves. The land was
to be filled with hard money ; it was to flow
| up the Mississippi, and the yellow-jackets
were to glisten through the interstices of
j every Farmer’s long silken purse. This
was the great and glorious work, which the
Democracy laid out for themselves. They
proceeded to the task with vast energy and
undoubtingconfidencein the success of their
patriotic undertaking. They made treaties;
they passed laws ; they issued Treasury or
ders; they “took the responsibility;”
they framed gold bills ; but all would not
do. The gold would not come into the
country. On the contrary, it was continu
ally going out. As fast as it was dug out
of the earth, alloyed and coined, it was
bought up by the brokers and shipped a
broad. The consequence was that the good
currency of specie and paper we had, was
transmuted into one purely of paper; the
Banks all suspended, the industry of the
country was paralyzed, and all its com
mercial interests lay prostrate, at the mer
cy of foreign nations.
The Whigs, althougii palsied by a trai
tor, effected in one year wiiat the Locos had
been striving in vain to do for twelve years;
and by one single act, turned back the tide
of adversity, and poured in upon the land
a copious torrent of gold. The annals of
history may be ransacked in vain to find an
instance of one system of policy being so
triumphantly sustained by brilliant and be
neficent results, and another and antagonist
one so overwhelmingly condemned by fail
ures and disasters.
Similar results will be found to run
through and attend upon all Whig meas
ures—if they could once be brought fairly
and fully into operation.
HENRY CLAY.
Truth, soul and justice are embodied in
the following beautiful remarks from the
Hartford Courant :
“ If humanity presents a tioble and
lirrie spectacle, it is when a pure and loftyr
patriot, regardless of self, and devoted to
the good ofhis country, even in the midst af
calumny and reproach, pursues the path of
duty, and patiently awaits the approval
which time must at length bring. The re
tirement of such a man has greater power
than ail the seductive patronage with which
the weak, the treacherous and the evil
minded, may attempt to purchase a merce
nary support. While crowds impelled by
curiosity may throng to gaze idly on the
man of the hour— the man of the ace, in
his far off western home, with no other at
traction than his mighty genius, and his lof
ty sou! receives the homage of millions of
hearts. His single name has a charm more
potent than all the gilded honors with which
Monarch and Presidents may reward their
flatterers. Henry Clay ! On what far
distant mountain—in what deep forest—in
what boundless prairie of our broad land, ;
is that name unknown and unhonored ?
Henry Clay ! 1
What stain of reproach—what suspicion .
of falsehood—what taint of treachery ad
lieres to that glorious name ! Opposing
parties may for a time retard his upward
progress, but where is the opponent who
dare assail his honor ? While magnanim
ity, and courage and truth are admired a
mong men—while falsehood, and selfish
ness, and treachery are despised—the name
of Henry Clay will be honored throughout
tho world. Well may he afford to “ bide
his time,” for tho dfy is at hand when the
rallying cry of an injured and betrayed
people will be — justice to Henry Clay.
A GREAT WATER WHEEL.
Mr. Burden’s iron works near Troy, are
situated in a wild ravine, dug out of a slate
rock by a short and rapid natural stream.
The stream supplies the whole power of
machinery here employed, and the wheel
which imparts motion tothemaehines ofthe
respective workshops is in itselfone of the
grandest objects of the sort we ever saw.
It is an immense wooden w’heel of fifty
one feet in diameter, as high as a three sto
ry house, and twenty two feet wide, over
which, in’lo troughs hollowed for its recep
tion, falls a sheet of water so thin that, but
for the evidence of the senses, one would
hardly believe an agent so comparatively
feeble, could cause the ponderous wheel to
turn with a momentum that puts in piny
hundreds of other wheels and machines of
different sorts.
The channel way in which this immense
water-wheel turns is cut out of the solid
rock. The axle is of wrought iron, and
from the flangers projects hundreds of iron
rods that support the periphery of the wheel
and steady and strengthen the W hole struc
ture. In its grand, deliberate and majes
tic revolution there is really much of the
sublime; and when it. is perceived that
from this single and simple power vast
combinations of machinery derive their mo
tion, the feeling of admiration is yet further
excited.— N. Y. American.
PROSPECTUS OP THE *
REPUBLICAN
To pur Friends in the Interior
DURING , lie hr. three years the t
Republican lias been much increased :■
. size, and its editorial and working depart me n
have been so organized that it has been in em
power to distribute a vast amount of useful i::
formation among our readers in the low country,
the number of whom has more than doubled.—
Our circulation is not so great in the interior,
however, as it ought to be. Hitherto we have
been completely cut off'from tho up-country, but,
now, by the completion of the Central Railroad,
we re brought near to it, and Savannah is from
necessity add will be its commercial mart. Here
■ tore we have made no efforts to extend our
.ia illation in the interior, but the time has now
come, and we call upon our frieuds of the State
Rights Party of Georgia to lend us a helping
hand.
Our future course may known from what we
hr. e done. To those who have not read our col
um s .’ may be well to say that, we shall contin
ue to prosecute the war which we commenced
near three years ago upon “the People’s very
Democralic Central Bank.” The neck of this
monster is now under the heel of the people,
and its promises to pay are received at their just
discount. We now point lo the borrowers from
this institution, who are suffering under its grind
ing efforts to collect money, in a time of unpre
cedented*scarcity. We shall continue to de
nounce the Milledgeville Clique, who have so
long lorded it over our rights and fattened on our
substance, while they have bankrupted the State
and, not content with this one of their number
has embezzled about $30,000 of the public mon
j ey. We shall denounce in bold terms such pal
try subterfuges as have been practised by- the
Loco Poco party, and expose the worthlessness
of McDonald teaand coffee, the increase of taxes,
under the promise to diminish them, the improv
ident, dishonest, corrupt legislation, by which, a
foul stain has been cast upon the escutcheon o;
this State—such legislation as any set of men
ought to blush to be concerned in. We shall
occupy a moderate, defensible ground in relation
to a Tariff,—equally free from direct taxation for
the support of the United States Government, on
a people already oppressed, and its opposite of
excessive protection. The present tariff, with
j its high and protecting duties on woollens, cot
! ton and iron, we object to. We desire to see a
tariff for revenue, with only slight countervailing
and discriminative protection.
Such are some of the general objects for
which we labour, and shall continue to labour,
and we invite all friends to the good cause—that
of law and order—to aid us in our efforts.
With regard to ihe News and Commercial De
partments of the paper, we are determined that
nothing shall be wanting. For our future dili
gence in this respect, w-e will only refer to what
we have already done. We purchased the Re
publican with a determination to build it up and
to make it the business of our lives, and we see
nothing to discourage us in our efforts, but eve
ry thing to urge us on.
To the politicians of our party especially, it
must be a matter of importance to extend the
circulation of the Republican, beet use we are
of course and of necessity, the medium of com
munication between the sea-board and all the
other papers of the State. As we perform our
duly to the public and our own party, so will the
people and that party fare well or ill. One thing
all may rest assured of, even if ohr previous
course was not already a guarantee of it, —we
will pursue an independent, straight-forward,
honest course—or at least, that which we be
lieve to be so, and that is synononymous with
’ pie moral principles of the Whig party. In short,
r -• vh will do every thing which lies in our power
to enlighten and instruct our readers. We may
not always come up to the demands of -party ex
actions, but when we deviate from them, be sure
that we feel that our country has higher claims
and should always be served before party.
We feel that we have a right tocali upon our
Whig and State Rights friends in the interior
to furnish us the means of increasing our influ
ence. Let each of our present subscribers pro
cure us one or two more, and the thing is done.
We pledge ourselves to give a good account of
them.
W e prefer this mode of communicating with the ,
public to sending out an agent, as the expense
attending such a proceeding is generally too
heavy to be borne. We intend however, in a
few days to publish a circular embodying the a
bove, copies of which we shall take the liberty
of forwarding to some of our friends in the interior.
We have only to add the terms of subscrip
tions, which are, for the Daily Paper $lO, and
for the Country, (tri- weekly,) $5, per annum.—
Payments in all cases to be made in advance or
: what we consider equal thereto, a City reference.
LOCKE & DAVIS,
j F.ditor!’ arid Proprietors Savannah Republican.
