MEWS & PLANTERS’ GAZETTE.
D. Cf. f'OTTINU, Editor.
No. 16.—NEW SERIES.]
News and Planters' 1 Gazette.
terms:
Published weekly at Two Dollars and Fifty
Cents per annum, it'paid at. tlie time of Subscri
bing; or Three Dollars if not paid till the expi
ration of three months.
No paper to be discontinued,unless at the
optioneef the Editor, without the settlement of
all af/earages.
i a-L -Aters, on business, must be post paid, to
insure attention. No communication shall be
published, unless we are mads acquainted with
the name of the author.
TO ADVERTISERS.
\ Advertisements, uot exceeding one square,first
{ JHortion, Seventy-Jive Cents; and for each sub
sequent insertion, Fifty Cents. A reduction will
be made of twenty-five per cent, to those who
advertise by the year. Advertisements not
limited when handed in, will be inserted till for
bid, and charged accordingly.
Sales of Land and Negroes by Executors, Ad
ministrators and Guardians, are required by law,
to be advertised, in a public Gazette, sixty days
previous to the day of sale.
The sales of Personal Property must be adver
tised in like manner, forty days.
Notice to Debtors and Creditors of an Estate
must be published forty days.
Notice that application will be made to the
Court of Ordinary, for leave to sell Land or Ne
groes, must be published for four months—
notice that application will be made for Letters
of Administration, must be published thirty days;
and Letters of Dismission, six months.
Mail Arrangements.
POST OFFICE, >
Washington , Ga., Sept. 1, 1843. y
EASTERN MAIL.
By this route, Mails are made up for Raytown,
Double-Wells, Crawfordville, Camack, Warren
ton, Thompson, Dearing, and Barzelia.
ARRIVES.
Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, at 9, A. M.
CLOSES.
Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, at 2s, I’. M
WESTERN MAIL.
By this route, Mails are made up for all Offi
ces in South-Western Georgia, Alabama, Mis
sissippi, Louisiana, Florida, also Athens, Ga. and
the North-Western part of the Slate.
arrives—Wednesday and Friday, by 6 A. M.
closes—Tuesday and Thursday, at 12 M.
ABBEVILLE, S.C. MAIL.
By this route, Mails are made up for Danburg,
Pistol Creek, and Petersburg.
ARRIVES.
Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, by 1 P. M.
CLOSES.
Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, at 6 A. M.
LEXINGTON MAIL.
By this route, Mails are made up for Centre
ville, State Rights, Scull-shoals, and Salem.
arrives—Monday and Friday, at 9 A. M.
closes —Tuesday and Saturday, at 9 A. M.
APPLING MAIL.
By this route, Mails are made up for Wrights
boro"’, White Oak, Walker’s Quaker Springs.
arrives—Tuesday and Saturday, by 9 A. M.
closes —Monday and Friday, at 9 A. M.
ELBERTON MAIL.
By this route, Mails are made up for Mallo
rysville, Goosepond, Whites, Mill-Stone, Harri
souville, and Ruckersville.
Arrives Thursday 8 P. M., and Closes same time.
LINCOLNTON MAIL.
By this route, Mails are made up for Rehoboth, ‘
Stoney Point, Goshen, Double Branches, and j
Darby’s.
Arrives Friday, 12 M. | Closes same time. 1
0“ The Letter Box is the proper place to de
posite all matter designed to be transported by
Mail, aud such as may be found there at the
times above specified, will be despatched by first
post.
03® We are authorized to an
nounce EDWARD R. ANDERSON, Esq. as
a candidate for Sheriff, of Wilkes county, at the
election in January next.
November 30, 1843. 14
03“ We are authorized to an
nounce JOHN H. DYSON, Esq., as a Candi
date for the Office of Clerk of the Superior Court
of Wilkes county, at the Election in January
next. December 7, 1843.
03 and We are authorized to an
nounce ROYLAND BEASLEY, Esq. as a Can
didate for the Office of Clerk of the Inferior
Court of Wilkes county, at the Election in Jan
uary next. December?, 1843.
fly We are authorized to an
nounce IRVIN JACKSON, Esq, as a Candi
date for the Office of Receiver and Tax Collector
of Wilkes county, at the election in January
next. December 7,1843.
Rock Spring JMcademy.
THIS Institution, under the Rectorship of
Mr. SAMUEL SCUDDER, will be open
ed on the first Monday in January next. The
course of Instruction will be thorough and ex
tensive. Board can be had with the Subscriber
or in the neighborhood, on reasonable terms.
L. M. HILL.
December 7,1843. 3t 15
JYotice •
’V®/ r ILL be hired, on the22d of December ins’t,
* * at the residence of the late James C. Tal
bot of Wilkes county, deceased, the NEGROES
belonging to the Estate of said deceased. The
Land will also be Rented. Terms made known
on the day. S. A. TALBOT, Ex’x.
December 7,1843. 15
JYotice*
“ITITILL, be hired, on Friday, the sth day of
* Jvmuary ext, at the late residence of Ab
ner Wellborn, df Wilkes county deceased, the
NEGROES belonging to the Estate of said
deceased. Terins on the day.
N. WYLIE, Ex’r.
December7,lß43- 15
Fall and Winter
&ooi>s.
THE Subscriber has received his supply
of Fail and Winter Goods, comprising in
part the following articles—to which he solicits
the attention of purchasers, as his prices aro
fixed at unusually small rates.
Worsted Hoods*
Chusans, Tesans, Crape de Lyons, Monsliu
(ie L,nnes, Grodc Nap Marinos, Alpaca’s of all
colors and qualities, plain and figured Printed
Cashmere D’Escasse, anew and beautiful arti
cle for Ladies’ Dresses, Aeolians, Parisians,
Bombazines, and Merinos.
Silk Goods ,
Comprising a splendid assortment of Fancy,
Black and Blue-black, plain aud figured, black
and white Satins, Velvets, some new styles for
Dresses, Gloves and Mitts, Men’s white, black
and colored Kid and Silk Gloves, Lad es’ black
Lace, fancy and fillet Gloves and Mitts. A
splendid assortment of Velvet, Chine and broche
Satin Gros de Naples Bonnet Ribbons.
Shawls •
Woolen and worsted winter Shawls, new styles
Thibet 4,5 & 0-4, mode colors.
Black Mourning and colored Marino.
Mousciin de Lane 4-4 to 0-4, plain &. embroid’d.
10-4 Herman Silk Shawls, new and very fine,
8-4 Damask Silk “
Drapers’ Goods •
Fancy Vestings, new style, Gachemire figured
Velvet and black Satin Vestings,
Cloths and Cassimers, black, blue, green, claret,
Cadet aud drab Cloths,
Black, blue and fancy Cassimeres,
Cravats, splendid scarf Cravats, Italian and Eng
lish Silk Cravats.
ALSO,
A general assortment of English, French and
American Calicoes, Satinets, Kentucky Jeans,
Linseys, Kersey, Blankets, Brown and Bleached
Sheetings and shirtings, some 3 yds. wide, Bed
tick, Apron Checks, Ginghams, Linens, Lawns,
Cambric, Silk and Satin Handkerchiefs, Hats,
Boots, Slices, Clothing, Saddles, Bridles, Collars,
Nads, Hardw ire, Cutlery, Crockery, Groceries,
Paints, Oils, Drugs and Medicines, with the u
sual variety kept in a country store. Those who
make it an object to get Cheap Bargains, and
new and fashionable Goods, would do well to
call at
W. S. HEARD’S
Nov. 2, 1843. Cash Store.
HAVILAND, lIISLEY & Cos.
Near the Mansion House, Globe and United
Slates Hotels,
AUGUSTA, GA.,
DEALERS IN CHOICE
DRUGS AND MEDICINES,
Surgical and Dental Instruments,
Chemicals, Patenl Medicines,
Perfumery, Brushes, Paints, Oils,
Window Glass, Dye Stuffs,
&.c. &e.
Being connected with llaviland,
WBrftjfr Keese & Cos., New-York, and Hav
iLANn, Hakf.al & Allen, Charles
flr'9 ton, they are constantly receiving
fresh supplies of every article in
their line, which they are enabled to sell at the
lowest market prices.
Es All goods sold by them, warranted to be of
the quality represented, or may be returned.
Augusta, August 1843. 51
STATE OF GEORGIA,
WILKES COUNTY.
a Pursuant to a Writ
reeled, requiring us to
cause an Election to
be held on MONDAY
ARY next, for a
representative,
in the House of Representatives of tiie Congress
of the United States, to fill the vacancy caused
by the death of the lion. John Milieu. We the
Justices of the Inferior Court for the county a
foresaid, hereby give not ice, that an Election will
be held at the Court-House in the Town of
Washington and at the several Election Pre
cincts in said County and State aforesaid, on
MONDAY the first day of JANUARY next, for
a Representative to fill the aforesaid vacancy.
LEWIS S. BROWN, j. i. c.
HEZEKIAII L. EMBRY, j. r. c.
JAMES HARRIS, j. i. c.
WM. Q. ANDERSON, j. i. c.
A. S. WINGFIELD, j. i. c
November 30, 1843. 14
EXECUTOR’S SALE.
Will be sold on the first Tuesday in January
next, at the Court-House door in Elbert coun
ty, between the usual hours of sale, the fol
lowing Tracts of Land, belonging to the Es
tate ot Mrs. Nancy M. Hunt, deceased, viz.:
280 - Acres lying in said county, adjoining
Eppy Bond and others; 459 J Acres in said
county, on the waters of the Beaverdam and
Doves’ Creek, adjoining Betsey Ham, et. al.;
200 Acres on the waters of the Beaverdam
Creek, joining lands belonging to the Estate of
Thomas S. Carter; 400 Acres on the waters of
the Beaverdam, adjoining lands formerly belon
ging to the Estate of John Upshaw. Also, 1314-
Acres on the waters of the Beaverdam Creek,
adjoining lauds of Smith ar.d others. The terms
made known on the day of sale.
J. V. HARRIS, Ex’r.
October 25,1843. 9
EVERY VARIETY
OF
EXECUTED AT THIS
© (F (F 0 © E o
WASHINGTON* (WILKES COUNTY, GA.,) DECEMBER 14, 1840.
CHEAPER THAN EVER.
WILLIS & HESTER,
HAVING removed their Stock of GOODS
into the Siore formerly occupied by Mr.
A. L. Lewis, offer them for sale at prices as low
or lower than can be procured in Washington.
Their Stock consists, in part, of the following
articles:
Cloths and Cassimeres,
Domestics, bleached and unbleached Calicoes
and Ginghams, Table Covers, Damask Table
Cloths, 8 : 4 by 10-4, a superior article, a good
stock of Flannels, Merino and Cotton Shirts, Bed
Ticks, of good quality, Muslin Delaines, woolen
Shawls, green Baize and green Flannel. Merinos
and Merino Circassians, Cotton Cambrics and
Jackonet Muslins, Marseilles Quilts and worsted
Counterpanes, Table Diapers and Bird’s-eye
Diapers, Bed Blankets and Duffle Blankets, Crib
Blankets and Counterpanes, Camlets, and a gen
eral Stock of
Hardware and Crockery.
And all articles usually kept in retail Stores.
Thankful for the favors which have been be
stowed on them heretofore, they invite their for
mer friends and customers to call, assuring them
if they are in want of an article which they
have in their Stock, that it can be had at the
lowest possible price for Cash or credit.
November 23, 1843. 13
PHILADELPHIA NEW CASH STORE.
Goods Cheaper than ever !
J. MAYER & BROTHERS.
RESPECTFULLY inform the citizens of
Washington and vicinity, that they have
opened a
Stock of Goods
In the New Building on the West side of the
Public Square, one building above Messrs. Bol
ton & Nolan. Their Stock consists of
American and Foreign Dry Fancy Goods.
Boots, Shoes, Ready-made Clothing,
and many other articles too tedious to mention.
Call and suit yourselves. Terms
Cash.
November 9,1843. 3m 11
O A I rB X for sale at Three Dollars per
Sack. Apply to
BOLTON & NOLAN.
October 19, 1843. 8
COTTING & RUTLER,
ATTORNIES,
HA VE taken an OFFICE on the North
side of the Public. Square, next door to
the Branch Bank of the State of Georgia.
October, 1843. 28
NELSON CARTER,
DEALER IN
Choice Drugs and Medicines,
Chemicals, Patenl Medicines,
Surgical and Dental Instruments,
Perfumery, Brushes,
Paints, Oils, Dye-Stuff's,
Window Glass, df-c. fc.
SIGN OF THE a ty l HC7’ /I
RED MORTAR. $ ALOVSIA, Ga.
October 12, 1843. ly 7
TO MERCHANTS AND PLANTEBS.
HAMBURG, (S.C.) July, 1843.
I BEG leave to inform you, that I continue the
WARE-HOUSE AND COMMISSION
BUSINESS at my old stand, known as the Wa
ter-proof Warehouse. Detached as it is from oth
er buildings, its location renders it nearly as se
cure from fire, as if it was fire-proof The floors
have been elevated above the high water mark
of the great freshet of May, 1840.
Planters will thus be secured from the possi
bility of loss and damage by freshets.
I avail myself of the present occasion, to re
turn my thanks to my friends and patrons, for
their liberal support during the past season. 1
solicit from them and the public generally, a con
tinuance of this confidence, and assure them that
in ret urn lor their patronage, 1 will use my best
personal efforts to promote and protect their in
terests, committed to my charge. In addition to
this assurance, I pledge myself that I will in no
case purchase a bale of cotton, directly or indi
rectly. I will attend jiersonally to the sale and
forwarding of cotton to Savannah or Charleston;
also, to the sale of Bacon, Flour, &.c. &c., aud to
the receiving and forwarding of goods to the up
country. Having a fine wharf attached to my
Warehouse, no wharfage will be charged on
Cotton consigned to my care, either for sale or
to be forwarded to Savannah or Charleston.
My commissions for selling cotton, will be 25
cents per bale, and 12J cents for forwarding. I
will also attend to the buying of goods per order.
Very respectfully, yours, &c.
G. WALKER.
August, 1843. 52
EXECUTOR’S SALE.
WILL be sold un the first Tuesday in Feb
ruary next, before the Court-House door
in Wilkes county, a part of the Real Estate of
William Hughes, deceased. Sold by an order
of Court.
BARNARD H. HUGHES, Ex’r.
November 16,1643. 12
ADMINISTRATOR’S SALE.
Will be sold on the first Tuesday in February
next, before the Court-House door in Lump
kin county, agreeable to an order of the Infe
rior Court of Elbert county, when sitting as a
Court of Ordinary,
One lot of Land containing forty Acres, known
by number 1114, in the Eleventh District, first
Section, formerly Cherokee, but now Lumpkin
county. Sold as a part of the Lands belonging
to the Estate of JohnS. Higginbotham, deceas
ed. Sold for the benefit of the heirs of said de
ceased. Terms will be made known on the day
of sslc
JOSEPH SEWELL, ) . , .
JOHN G. HIGGINBOTHAM, $ Adln rs
November 15, 1843. rn2m 13
PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY MORNING.
j PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE.
j To the Senate, and
House of Representatives of the U. S.
If any People ever bad cause to render
up thanks to the Supreme Being for parent
al care and protection extended to them in
all the trials and difficulties to which they
have been from time to time exposed, we
certainly are that People. From the first
settlement of our forefathers on this conti
nent ; through the dangers attendant upon
the occupation of a savage wilderness ;
through a long period of Colonial depend
ence ; through the war of the Revolution ;
in the wisdom which led to the adoption of
the existing Republican form of Govern
ment ; in the hazards incident to a war
subsequently waged with one of the most
powerful nations of the earth ; in the in
crease of our population ; in the spread of
the arts and sciences, and in the strength
and durability conferred on political insti
tutions emanating from the People and sus
tained by their will ; the superintendence
of an overruling Providence has been plain
ly visible. As preparatory, therefore, to
entering once more upon the high duties of
legislation, it becomes us humbly to ac
knowledge our dependence upon Hint as
onr guide and protector, and to implore a
continuance of His parental watchfulness
over our beloved country. We have new
cause for the expression of our gratitude in
the preservation of the health of our fellow
citizens, with some partial and local excep
tions, during the past season ; for the a
bundance with which the earth lias yielded
up its fruits to the labors of the husband
man ; for the renewed activity which has
been imparted to commerce ; for the revi
val of trade in all its departments ; for the
increased rewards attendant on the exercise
of the mechanic arts; for the continued
growth of our population and the rapidly
reviving prosperity of the whole country.
I shall be permitted to exchange congratu
lations with you, gentlemen of the two
Houses ofCongress, on these auspicious cir
cumstances, and to assure you, in advance,
of tny ready disposition to concur with you
in the adoption of all such measures as
shall he calculated to increase the happi
ness of our constituents and to advance the
glory of our common country.
Since the last adjournment of Congress,
the Execulive has relaxed no effort to ren
der indestructible the relations of amity
which so happily exist between the United
States and other countries. The treaty
lately concluded with Great Britain has
tended greatly to increase the good under
standing which a reciprocity of interest is
calculated to encourage, and it is most ar
dently to he hoped that nothing may trans
pire to interrupt the relations of amity
which it is so obviously the policy of both
nations to cultivate.
A question of much importance still re
mains to be adjusted between them. The
territorial limits of the two countries in re
lation to what is commonly known as the
Oregon territory, still remain in dispute.
The United Slates would be at all times in
disposed to aggrandize themselves at the
expense of any other nation ; but while they
would be restrained by principles of honor,
which should govern the conduct of nations
as well as that of individuals, from setting
up a demand for territory which does not
belong lo them, they would as unwillingly
consent to a surrender of their rights. Af
ter the most rigid, and as far as practicable,
unbiassed examination of the subject, the
United States have always contended that
their rights appertain to the entire region of
country lying on the Pacific, and embtaced
within the forty-second and fifty-fourth 4U :
of North latitude. This claim being con
troverted by Great Britain, those who have
preceded the present Executive, actuated,
no doubt, by an earnest desire to adjust the
matter upon terms mutually satisfactory to
both countries, have caused to be submitted
to the British Government, propositions for
settlement and final adjustment, which,
however, have not proved heretofore accep
table to it. Our Minister at London has,
under instructions, again brought the sub
ject to the consideration of that Govern
ment ; and while nothing will be done to
compromit the rights, or honor of the United
States, every proper expedient will be re
sorted to in order to bring the negotiation
now in the progress of resumption, to a spee
dy and happy termination. In the mean
time it is proper to remark, that many of
our citizens are either already established
in the territory, or are on their way thither
for the purpose of forming permanent set
tlements, while others are preparing to fol
low—and in view of these facts, I must re
peat the recommendation contained in pre
vious messages, for the establishment of
military posts, at such places,on the line of
travel, as will furnish security and protec
tion to our hardy adventurers against hos
tile tribes of Indians inhabiting those exten
sive regions. Our laws should also follow
them, so modified as the circumstances of
the case may seem to require. Under the
influence of our free system of government,
new republics are destined to spring up, at
no distant day, on the shores of the Pacific,
similar in policy and in feeling to those ex
isting on this side of the Rocky Mountains,
and giving a wider and more extensive
spread to the principles of civil and reli
gious liberty.
1 am happy to inform you that the cases
which have arisen, from time to time, of the
detention of American vessels by British
i cruisers on the coast of Africa, under pre-
I fence of being engaged in the slave trade,
have been placed in a fair train of adjust-
| ment. In the case of the William& Fran
[ cis, full satisfaction will he allowed. In
the cases of the Tygris and Seamew, the
British Government admits that satisfaction
is due. In the case of the Jones, the sum
accruing from the sale of that vessel and
cargo will be paid to the owners—while 1
cannot but flatter myselfthat full indemni
fication will be allowed for all damages
sustained by the detention of the vessel—
and in the case of the Douglass, her Majes
ty’s Government lias expressed its determi
nation to make indemnification. Strong
hopes are therefore entertained, that most,
if not all of these cases will be speedily ad
justed. No new cases have arisen since
the ratification of the Treaty of Washing
ton ; and, it is confidently anticipated, that
the slave trade, under the operation of the
eighth article of that treaty, will be alto
gether suppressed.
The occasional interruption experienced
by our fellow.citizens engaged in the fish
eries on the neighboring coast of Nova Sco
tia, has not failed to claim the attention of
the Executive. Representations upon this
subject have been made, but as yet no defi
nitive answer to those representations has
been received from tho British Govern
ment.
Two oilier subjects of comparatively mi
nor importance, but nevertheless of too
much consequence to be neglected, remain
still to be adjusted between the two coun
tries. By the Treaty between the Uuited
States and Great Britain, of July 7, 1815, it
is provided that no higher duties shall be
levied in either country on articles import
ed from the other, than on the same articles
imported from any other place. In 1836,
rough rice, by act of Parliament, was ad
mitted from the coast of Africa into Great
Britain on the payment ofa duty of one pen
ny a quarter, while the same article from
ail other countries, including the United
States, was subjected to the payment of a
duty of twenty shillings a quarter. Our
Minister at London has from time to time
brought this subject to the consideration of
the British Government, but so far without
success. He is instructed to renew his re
presentations upon it.
Some years since a claim was preferred
against the British Government on the part
ot certain American merchants, for the re
turn of export duties paid by them on ship,
mentsof woollen goods to the United States,
after the duty on similar articles exported
to other countries had been repealed, and
consequently in contravention of the com
mercial convention between the two na
tions securing to us equality in such cases.
The principle on which the claim rests has
long since been virtually admitted by Great
Britain, but obstacles to a settlement have
from time to time been interposed, so that
a large portion of the amount claimed has
not yet been refunded. Our Minister is now
engaged in the prosecution of tlie claim,
and 1 cannot but persuade myself that the
British Government will no longer delay
its adjustment.
I am happy to be able to say that nothing
has occurred to disturb in any degree the
relations of amity which exist between the
United States and France, Austria and
Russia, as well as with the other Powers of
Europe, since the adjournment ofCongress.
Spain has been agitated with internal con
vulsions for many years, from the effects
ofwhichitis to be hoped she is destined
speedily to recover ; when, under a more
liberal system of commercial policy on her
part, our trade with her may again fill its
old and so far as her continental possessions
are concerned, its almost forsaken chan
nels, thereby adding to the mutual pros
perity of the two countries.
The Germanic Association of Customs
and Commerce, which, since its establish
ment in 1833, has been steadily growing in
power and importance, and consists at this
time of more than twenty German States,
and embraces a population of 27,000,000 of
people united for all the purposes of com
mercial intercourse with each other and
with foreign States, offers to the latter the
most valuable exchanges on principles
more liberal than arc offered in the fiscal
systems of any other European power.—
From itsoiigin, the importance of the Ger
man Union has never been lost sight of by
the United States. The industry, morality
and other valuable qualities of the German
nation, have always been well known and
appreciated. On this subject I invite the
attention of Congress to the report of the
Secretary of State, from which it will be
seen that while our cotton is admitted free
of duty, and the duty on rice has been much
reduced, which itas already led to a greatly
increased consumption, a strong disposition
has been recently evinced by that great
body to reduce, upon certain conditions,
their present duty upon tobacco. This be
ing the first intimation of a concession on
this interesting subject ever made by any
European power, I cannot but regard it as
well calculated to remove the only impedi
ment which has so far existed to the most
liberal commercial intercourse between us
and them. In this view, our Minister at
Berlin, who has heretofore industriously
pursued the subject, has been instructed to
enter upon the negociation of a commercial
treaty, which, while it will open new ad
vantages to the agricultural interests of the
United States, and a more free and expand
ed field for our commercial operations, will
affect injuriously no existing interest of the
Union. Should the negotiation be crowned
with success, its results will be communi
cated to both Houses of Congress.
I communicate herewith certain des
patches received from our Minister at Mex-
!li. .F. K APPEL, JPrinter.
ico, and also a correspondence which has
recently occurred between the Envoy from
[ that Republic and the Secretary of State.
It must be regarded as not a little extraor
dinary that the Government of Mexico, in
anticipation of a public discussion, which
it has been pleased to infer front newspaper
publications, as likely to take place in Con
gress, in relation to the annexation of Tex
as to the United States, should have so far
anticipated the result of such discussion as
to have announced its determination jo visit
any such anticipated decision by a formal
declaration of war against the United States.
Ifdesigned to prevent Congress from intro
ducing that question, as a lit subject for its
calm deliberation and final judgment, the
Executive has no reason to doubt that it
will entirely fail of its object. The Rep
resentatives of a brave and patriotic people
will suffer no apprehension of future conse
quences to embarrass them in the course of
their proposed deliberations. Nor will the
Executive Department of the Government
fail, for any such cause, to discharge its
whole duty to the country.
The war which has existed for so long a
time between Mexico and Texas has, since
the battle of San Jacinto, consisted for the
most part of predatory incursions, which,
while they have been attended with much
of suffering to individuals, and have kept
the borders of the two countries in a state
of constant alarm, have failed to approach
to any definite result. Mexico has fitted
out no formidable armament bv land or by
sea for the subjugation of Texas. Eight
years have now elapsed since Texas dr
dared her independence of Mexico, and du
ring that time she has been recognised as
a sovreign power by several of the princi
pal civilized states. Mexico, nevertheless,
perseveres in her plans of reconqnest, and
refusesto recognise her independence. The
predatory incursions to which 1 have allu
ded, have been attended, in one instance,
with the breaking up of the courts of jus
tice by the seizing upon the persons of the
judges, jury and officers of the court, and
dragging them along with unarmed, and
therefore non-combatant citizens, into a
cruel and oppressive bondage, thus leaving
crime to go unpunished and immorality to
pass unreproved. A border warfare is
evermore to be deprecated, and over such a
war as has existed for so many years be
tween these two States, humanity has had
great cause to lament. Nor is such a con
dition of things to be deplored only because
of the. individual suffering attendant up.
it. The effects are far more extensive.—
The Creator of the Universe has given man
the Earth for his resting place, and its fruits
for his subsistence. Whatever, therefore,
shall make the first or any part of it a scene
of desolation, affects injuriously his herit
age, and may be regarded as a general ca
lamity. Wars may sometimes be neces
sary ; but all nations have a common in
terest in bringing them speedily to a close.
The United States have an immediate in
terest in seeing an end put to the state of
hostilities existing between Mexico and
Texas. They are our neighbors, of the
same continent, with whom we are not only
desirous of cultivating the relations of ami
ty, but of the most extended commercial in
tercourse, and to practise all the rights ofa
neighborhood hospitality Our own inter
ests are deeply involved in the matter, since,
however neutral may be our course of poli
cy, we cannot hope to escape the effects of
a spirit of jealousy on the part of both of
the powers. Nor can this Government he
indifferent to the fact that a warfare, such
as is waged between those two nations, is
calculated to weaken both powers, and fi
nally to render them, and especially the
weaker of the two, the subjects of interfe
rence on the part of stronger and more pow.
erful nations, which, intent only on advan
cing their own peculiar views, may sooner
or later attempt to bring about a compliance
with terms, as the condition of their inter
position, alike derogatory to the nation
granting them and detrimental to the inter
ests of the United States. We could not be
expected quietly to permit any such inter
ference to our disadvantage. Considering
that Texas is separated from the U. Stales
by a mere geographical line, that her terri
tory, in the opinion of many, formed a nor
tion of the territory of the United States,
that it is homogeneous in its population and
pursuits with the adjoining States, makes
contributions to the commerce of the world
in the same articles with them, and that
most of her inhabitants have been citizens
of the United States, speak the same lan
guage and live order similar political in
stitutions with ourselves, this Government
is bound bv every consideration of interest
as well as of sympathy, to see that she shall
be left free to act, especially in regard to
her domestic affairs, unawed by force, and
unrestrained by the policy or views of other
countries. In full view of all these con
siderations, the Executive has not hesitated
to express to the Government of Mexico
how deeply it deprecated a continuance of
the war, and how anxiously it desired to
witness its termination. I cannot but think
that it becomes the United States, as the
oldest of the American Republics, to hold a
language to Mexico upon this subject of an
unambiguous character. It is time that
this war had ceased. There must be a
limit to all wars; and if the parent State,
after an eight years struggle, has (ailed to
reduce to submission a portion of its sit bjects
standing out in revolt against it, and who
have not only proclaimed themselves to be
independent, but have been recognised as
such by other Powers, she ought not to ex
pect that other nations will quietly look cn.
[Volume xxix.
